EP1957354A2

EP1957354A2 - Ship superstructure

Info

Publication number: EP1957354A2
Application number: EP06818600A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Berend Pruin
Original assignee: Schiffko GmbH
Current assignee: Wartsila Ship Design Germany GmbH
Priority date: 2005-12-06
Filing date: 2006-11-16
Publication date: 2008-08-20
Anticipated expiration: 2026-11-16
Also published as: DE502006006131D1; CN101321663A; DK1957354T3; ES2340715T3; ATE457260T1; CN101321663B; JP2009518218A; JP5070218B2; KR101123875B1; EP1957354B1; WO2007065545A3; PL1957354T3; DE202005019071U1; KR20080081908A; WO2007065545A2

Abstract

The invention relates to ship superstructure (1) comprising several modules, in particular, in the form of crew module (2), bridge module (3) and/or funnel module. Said modules have a compatible modular dimension and are designed to be self-supporting. Furthermore, in the vicinity of the main deck (10) of the ship at least one level (12) is provided with crew modules (2), wherein on this at least one leve (12), the starboard(21) and/or port-side (22) modules are stacked with a free space between the starboard- and port-side modules and the free space is laid out to accommodate load. The invention further relates to a methods for construction of such a ship superstructure (1).

Description

Ship superstructures

The invention relates to ship superstructures which are constructed from several modules. These modules can be, for example, crew modules, bridge modules or chimney modules.

Superstructures on ships are built in a classic manner in such a way that the outer walls of the superstructure are first created with retracted intermediate decks, comparable to the shell of a house. The interior of the intermediate decks is then carried out by pulling in additional walls. Afterwards, the created rooms will be set up. The rooms are usually connected to the ship's supply systems after the intermediate decks have been divided into individual rooms. This work can only be done one after the other, which means that a long total construction time is required.

From DE 196 37 549 it is known to build deckhouses from individual modules. Here, the hull, for example the outer shell of the deck house, is first manufactured and provided with a supporting structure made of ceilings and supports. Then individual modules are inserted into the hull of the deck house. These are then welded to the ceiling and supports.

Another module-like structure of a deck house is shown in DE 195 17 235. An outer housing is first built there, into which individual modules are then inserted. The modules are then connected to the outer housing. To arrange several basic elements one above the other, this is Construction a stiffening of the individual layers of the basic elements is necessary. In addition, stiffening brackets are arranged within the housing.

A similar construction is described in DE 197 07 217. Here, prefabricated chamber modules are inserted into an enveloping shaft, the individual chamber modules being individually dimensioned individual modules.

Another construction of a modular deck house, which can be manufactured without casing shafts, is known from DE 299 07 386 Ul.

These deckhouses or ship superstructures extend over the entire width of a ship like conventionally manufactured ship superstructures. This is usually desirable for passenger ships in order to accommodate as many cabins as possible. This is different for ships intended for transport, for example container ships. There it is desirable to be able to accommodate as much cargo as possible on the ship.

The invention is based on the object of creating ship superstructures which can be flexibly adapted to different types of ship and which make the potential loading area effective.

The object is achieved according to the invention by ship superstructures with the features of claim 1.

Accordingly, it is provided that the modules have a compatible module size and are designed to be self-supporting. Furthermore, at least one, in particular continuous level, with crew modules is provided in the area of the main deck of the ship, as required. Here, on the starboard and / or port side on at least one, in particular continuous level, trimmings are tion modules stacked with a clear space between starboard and port-side modules, the clear space being designed to accommodate cargo, in particular containers or general cargo.

Further advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

A basic idea of the invention is to be able to build ship superstructures extremely flexibly from standardized components by using modules which have a mutually compatible module dimension. This has the advantage, for example, that the modules can already be manufactured separately during the manufacture of the ship's hull. The modules can then be placed on this deck as soon as the main deck is fitted on the hull. In this way, the construction time of a ship can be reduced considerably, since the superstructures can be produced at the same time as the hull. The time required for the final assembly of the superstructures is also reduced.

By using standardized modules that can be used in the same way on other ships and ship types, the modules can be manufactured in a larger series, which can reduce production costs.

A further basic idea of the invention is not to erect the superstructures continuously on all decks or levels from starboard to port, but rather to provide tower-like superstructures on the starboard or the port side or on both sides. These tower or columnar structures can consist, for example, of modules stacked one on top of the other. Crew modules are preferably used for this, since these make up the majority of the modules used. There is thus a free space between the tower-like structures, which can be used to place cargo, in particular containers or general cargo. This creates the advantage, among other things, that additional loading capacity is created on a container ship, although it is often not necessary to erect the deck house from port to starboard throughout. However, additional loading capacities increase the economy of such a ship.

This construction of the superstructure enables a weight saving of approximately 34% to 58% compared to conventional construction to be achieved. In addition, there is a cost saving of around 42% compared to conventional superstructures.

The crew modules are preferably designed as residential modules, community, business or supply modules. Due to the standardized use of crew modules for the various areas of application, for example, the outer shell of the module can be manufactured as standard and only in the interior, depending on the respective end position in the ship superstructure and the use, the corresponding interior is carried out. In the interior, it is possible to install the supply lines for electricity, water, air conditioning or the like used in the module ready for connection, so that they only have to be coupled to the next line when assembling the individual modules.

In order to further enlarge the possible loading area of the ship, it is advantageous if cargo can be stacked on the crew modules. As a result, the space above the crew modules can also be used to transport goods. In principle, the cargo can be in any form. It is advantageous if they are in the form of standardized transport tainers is available. However, it is also possible to transport piece goods, for example in hollow modules provided for this purpose, which have a compatible module size. Special tank modules can be provided for the transport of liquids.

In a preferred embodiment, the individual modules are detachably connected to one another. This makes it possible, for example, to specifically exchange individual modules during the maintenance of the ship. This may be necessary if the equipment in a module is defective or new regulations prescribe additional equipment. On the one hand, the maintenance time can be reduced through the targeted exchange of the modules, since a module exchange can be carried out much faster than the removal or repair of individual devices installed in the modules. On the other hand, this makes it possible to simply adapt the ship to new applications or routes.

It is particularly advantageous if common and / or supply rooms are provided in the at least one, in particular continuous, level. These rooms can also be provided as special modules. The continuous level connects the two tower-like structures on the starboard and port sides. The advantageous arrangement of common rooms and / or supply rooms in the continuous level makes it particularly easy and effective to provide the two tower-like structures with electricity or fresh water, for example. The arrangement of the common rooms, such as the galley, in the continuous level offers the advantage that these shared rooms can be easily reached from both tower-like structures. In addition, the common rooms offer the possibility to easily switch between the individual tower-like structures. Special support modules are preferably provided when assembling the superstructures. These support modules can have a frame-like construction that is particularly weight-saving. The support modules are preferably provided for supporting the bridge, the chimney or parts of these structures. It is also possible to provide supply stairs for the vertical connection of the decks within the support modules.

The additional use of support modules results in increased flexibility when building, for example the bridge or the chimney. Due to the scaffold-like construction, weight can be saved significantly, in contrast to a full module construction, which has a positive effect on the overall weight and thus on the fuel consumption of the ship or increases the maximum possible payload.

Basically, the chimneys can be connected to the structures in a conventional manner. However, it is particularly advantageous if special chimney modules are provided. These chimney modules can consist of support modules into which hollow pipes are embedded or clamped. These hollow pipes are then used to discharge exhaust gases or exhaust air. Other pipes for the supply of fresh air for the machines or the air conditioning system can also be provided. The tubes used in the support modules can also be used to additionally stiffen the modules. Such a construction can in turn reduce the weight of the ship.

It is also possible to provide, for example, supply lines or stairs in the support modules in addition to the chimney assemblies.

In conventional deckhouses, the bridge forms the upper end and sits directly on the corpus of the deckhouse. With a It is provided in a preferred embodiment that the bridge is placed on crew modules and / or support modules.

By placing the bridge, for example on the crew model, a module-free space is created in front of and / or below the bridge. It is particularly advantageous if this space is also designed to accommodate cargo. As a result, the loading area and thus the loading capacity of a ship can be increased further. The design for receiving cargo can be carried out, for example, in such a way that corresponding holders are provided for common container sizes.

It is particularly advantageous if the height level for the bridge can be selected depending on ship data and ship types. Possible data are the maximum load capacity, the maximum loading height or the length of the ship. Of course, several data and parameters can also interact. In this context, it is advantageous if the height level of the bridge can be adapted in terms of shipbuilding by support modules and / or bridge modules. Such an adaptation can take place, for example, by additionally building support modules on the crew modules and only placing the bridge on the support modules at a sufficient height. It is also conceivable to position the bridge only on support modules that extend to a sufficient height in the middle of the transverse axis of the ship. Due to the flexible adjustment of the height level, the modules can be used on different types of ships, since the superstructures can be easily adapted to the special environmental conditions.

There is particularly great freedom in the positioning of the superstructure if the individual modules are integrated, partially separated or can be positioned separately, depending on the type of ship, in particular on the main deck of the ship. Hereby there is the option of placing the individual modules separately from one another at the preferred location. For example, for reasons of supply technology, it may be good to accommodate the crew modules in the middle area of the ship, whereas the bridge could be positioned more mechanically in the rear area.

Due to the wide range of applications of the individual modules, these can be prefabricated regardless of the type of ship, which increases the number of production of the individual modules. This in turn reduces the overall costs of a module, so that such a ship structure becomes more economical. Of course, several structures on a ship can be realized by the construction according to the invention. A combination of a classic deck house, for example as a substructure, with the modules as a superstructure is also possible.

It has proven to be advantageous if the crew modules form an essentially U-shaped arrangement when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the ship. On the one hand, this makes it possible for most crew modules, especially those with cabins, to have natural daylight access.

On the other hand, cargo can be stacked in the interior of the U. Due to the lower part of the U, the two tower-like superstructures are particularly easy to connect and separate sections, for example for officers and crew.

It is particularly preferred if the charge has a module size compatible with the modules. This has the advantage that if the load is stacked on the superstructure modules, no additional adapter devices or the like are necessary to enable the load to be fitted and / or fastened. chen. This also makes it possible, for example, to transport the modules onto the ship using conventional container gantry cranes.

To accommodate the supply lines, it is advantageous if the stacked modules form a double floor. The connection of the individual supply lines already in the module, for example for fresh / used water, energy or air conditioning, is particularly easy due to the double floor.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and schematic drawings. In these drawings:

Figure 1 is a side view of part of a container ship with superstructures and containers according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a view from aft of the structures of Figure 1;

3 shows a sectional view from above of the continuous plane of the superstructure according to FIG. 1;

Figure 4 is a sectional view from above of an upper one

Level of the structures according to FIG. 1; and

Figure 5 is a partial side view of separately arranged

Superstructures of a ship.

FIG. 1 shows a side view from starboard to part of a container ship with superstructures 1 according to the invention. The superstructures 1 begin in the example shown here on the Main deck 10. It is also possible, however, to let the superstructure 1 begin below or above the main deck 10. In the exemplary embodiment shown, conventional structures have been completely dispensed with. However, it is possible to combine the structures according to the invention with conventional structures, for example to place the modules on them.

The view according to FIG. 1 shows crew modules 2, the bridge module 3, a plurality of support modules 4 and a supply wing 11, which can also be constructed from crew modules 2. In order to enable the crew modules 2 to access the bridge 3, there is an access stair 9 in the support modules 4. In the case shown here, the access stair 9 is designed as an external staircase. A clad version of this staircase 9 is also possible.

Radar and navigation devices 7 as well as antennas 8 are provided on the upper deck of the bridge 3. These devices arranged on the bridge modules 3 can also be prefabricated as modules, for example as antenna containers 51 and placed on the bridge modules 3. In the modules for the bridge 3, the facilities for ship and machine monitoring as well as the navigation and communication equipment can already be provided. The integration of the communication and nautical equipment in the prefabricated modules eliminates the need for time-consuming interior work. If, for example, an antenna container 51 is used, connections for the antenna container 51 can already be provided on the bridge modules 3.

By using several support modules 4, the height of the bridge 3 can be adapted to the type of ship according to the length or maximum loading height. The sufficient The height of the bridge enables the at least 225 ° all-round view necessary for shipping.

On the crew modules 2, 4 containers 6 are stacked in front of the support modules. The possibility of stacking containers 6 on the crew modules 2 creates a further loading and transport area which increases the overall transport capacity of the container ship. Since with such a use the modules, in this case the crew modules, have to absorb additional weight due to the load, it is necessary to design the crew modules accordingly sufficiently stable with a sufficiently high load-bearing capacity.

The dashed lines on the crew modules 2 mark the double floor 13, which is created when several crew modules are assembled one above the other. Supply lines or the like can be laid in this double floor or can be provided in the different modules 2, 3, 4, 5. The lowest level of the crew modules 2 is the continuous level 12, which sits directly on the main deck 10. In principle, several continuous levels 12 are also possible. On the other hand, a continuous level 12 is not absolutely necessary for the construction of the structures 1 according to the invention.

It is also conceivable to build the continuous level 12 in a conventional manner directly on the main deck 10. Crew modules 2 would then be stacked on this conventional construction, for example.

FIG. 2 shows a view from the aft of the structures according to FIG. 1. The continuous plane 12 is covered in this figure by the supply wing 11, so that the U-shape formed by the crew modules 2 is not entirely visible. Furthermore, the two tower-like structures 21, 22 are open the starboard and port side from crew modules 2 shown. As already described in FIG. 1, 2 additional containers 6 can be stacked on the crew modules. The bridge modules 3 are placed on support modules 4 and chimney modules 5.

The chimney or exhaust pipe modules 5 can consist, for example, of chimney or exhaust pipe assemblies 43 clamped in the frame-like support modules 4. In addition, further support modules 4 are provided in order to allow the bridge 3 to protrude both on the port side and on the starboard side beyond the side drop side 14. The bridge can also be placed on the crew modules. It is also conceivable to use support modules 4 between the crew modules and the bridge in order to adapt the height of the bridge to the ship's properties.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view from above onto the continuous plane 12 of the superstructure 1 according to FIG. 1. It shows the "floor plan" of this level. As also shown in FIG. 1, the superstructures 1 are framed by containers 6 both forward and aft. In the lower continuous level 12 there are preferably communal 31, business 32 and supply rooms 33, which are provided in corresponding special modules. In addition, stairs and elevators 34 can be provided to get into the decks lying above and below the continuous level 12.

The supply rooms 33 serve, for example, for energy supply, fresh water supply, process water supply and / or sewage disposal. The vertical connection of the individual decks can also be taken into account. The horizontal connection of the individual modules or rooms is realized by the double floors 13. In addition to the passage of various supply systems in the supply rooms 33, the speaking production or disposal facilities or tanks, for example for fresh water. The economic rooms 32 shown here represent, for example, rooms for provisions and catering, in particular the kitchen and associated storage rooms. Examples of common rooms 31 are officers' or team fairs. At this level, for example, the ship's office, the laundry or rooms for pilots can also be located.

FIG. 4 again shows a sectional view from above of a plane of the superstructure 1 according to FIG. 1 lying further up. Containers 6 are located on this level in the space between the starboard and the port side towers of the crew modules. The arrangement of the superstructures 1 with additional loading capacities means that e.g. about a hundred additional containers can be transported.

One possibility that results from the division of the crew modules 2 into two separate wings is, for example, to divide these wings into a living wing for the teams 41 and a living wing for the officers 42. Additional lounges can also be provided at this level. It is also conceivable to provide a wing for additional passengers.

As shown in this figure, the size of two officers' cabins is exactly the size of three crew cabins. As a result, the individual modules are kept in a compatible module dimension, which means that mainly standardized components can be used during assembly. The contact areas and spaces formed between individual modules can be foamed, for example. This improves sound and heat insulation. From this figure it can further be seen how chimney modules 5 can be created by clamping chimney assemblies 43 in support modules 4. It is also possible to clamp other supply lines in the support modules 4 and thus to enable vertical supply.

The supply wing 11 also consists of crew modules 2. In addition to the integrated chimney modules 5, there are also spaces for additional vertical access and for supplying the bridge 3. Here, for example, stairs, pipes, cables, elevators or lines for the air conditioning system can be provided.

In contrast to the structures 1 shown so far, in which the various modules have been used integrated with one another, a separable or partially separated use of the individual modules is also possible. This is shown schematically in FIG. 5. The individual modules for crew 2, for bridge 3 and for chimney (s) 5 are built separately on the main deck 10. The bridge module 3 is in turn supported by support modules 4. An antenna container 51 is shown on the bridge module 3 in this figure. By using antenna containers 51, structures on the bridge modules 3 can also be standardized and thus speed up the construction. Due to the possibility of using the individual modules 2, 3, 4 and 5 separately, the modules can be used particularly well on different types of ship, which considerably expands the application possibilities.

The ship superstructures according to the invention thus offer a simple and flexible concept in order to shorten the construction time of ship superstructures and to create additional loading capacities.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Ship superstructures (1) with

- Several modules, in particular as crew modules (2), as a bridge module (3) and / or as a chimney module, wherein

-The modules have a compatible module size and

- are self-supporting,

with at least one, in particular continuous, level (12) with crew modules (2) in the area of the main deck (10) of the ship,

-wherein the starboard and / or port side on the at least one, in particular continuous, plane (12) crew modules (2) are stacked with a clear space between the starboard (21) and port (22) modules, and

-The free distance is designed to accommodate cargo, especially containers (6) and / or general cargo.

2. ship superstructure according to claim 1,

characterized ,

that the occupation modules (2) are designed as residential modules, community (31), business (32) or supply modules (33).

3. ship superstructure according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized ,

that cargo (6) can be stacked on the crew modules (2).

4. Ship superstructure according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,

that the modules (2, 3, 4, 5) are releasably connected to one another.

5. ship superstructure according to one of claims 1 to 4,

characterized ,

that community (31) and / or supply modules (33) are provided in the at least one, in particular continuous level (12).

6. Ship superstructures according to one of claims 1 to 5,

characterized ,

that support modules (4), in particular of a scaffold-like construction, are provided and

that the support modules (4) are provided for supporting the bridge (3), the chimney (43) and / or parts of these structures and / or for the integrated accommodation of stairs (9, 34).

7. Ship superstructures according to one of claims 1 to 6,

characterized ,

that chimney modules (5) are provided which have support modules (4) into which the chimney (43) or parts of the chimney (43) are received, in particular clamped.

8. ship superstructure according to one of claims 1 to 7,

characterized ,

that the bridge (3) is placed on crew modules (2) and / or support modules (4) and

that module-free space in front of and / or below the bridge (3) is designed to accommodate cargo (6).

9. ship superstructure according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,

that the height level for the bridge (3) can be selected depending on the maximum load capacity and / or loading height of the ship, and

that the height level of the bridge (3) can be adjusted in terms of shipbuilding using support modules (4) and / or bridge modules (3).

10. ship superstructure according to one of claims 1 to 9,

characterized ,

that the crew modules (2), the bridge module (s) (3) and / or the chimney module (s) (5), in particular on the main deck (10) of the ship, can be integrated, partially separated or positioned separately.

11. Ship superstructures according to one of claims 1 to 10,

characterized ,

that the crew modules (2) seen in the longitudinal direction of the ship form an essentially U-shaped arrangement.

12. Ship superstructures according to one of claims 1 to 11,

characterized ,

that the load, in particular as a container (6) or general cargo, has a module size that is compatible with the modules (2, 3, 4, 5).

13. Ship superstructures according to one of claims 1 to 12,

characterized ,

that stacked modules (2, 3, 4, 5) form a double floor (13), especially for supply lines.

14. A method for arranging ship superstructures, which consist of several modules, in particular crew (2), bridge (3) and / or chimney modules, have a compatible module size and are self-supporting, whereby

at least one, in particular continuous, level (12) with crew modules (2) is arranged in the area of the main deck (10) of the ship and

Starboard and / or port side on the at least one, in particular continuous level (12) crew modules (2) are stacked with a clear space between starboard (21) and port (22) modules, whereby

the free distance for receiving cargo, in particular containers (6) and / or general cargo, is provided.