RU2711857C1 - Power plant for railway refrigerator device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power plants.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power plant for railway refrigerating device, which contains electric generating unit, fuel unit, at least one railway refrigerator, monitoring system and power plant control system. Electric generating unit includes at least two power supply sources. Fuel unit is connected in fluid communication with the electric generating unit. Monitoring system serves for remote monitoring of the power plant condition and at least one railway refrigerator device. Electric generating and fuel units are detachably installed on fitting platform. One of power supply sources is backup. Electric generating unit comprises satellite communication system, monitoring and control systems, which are configured for remote monitoring of power plant condition and at least one railway refrigerator device, as well as for remote control of power plant, by means of receiving and transmitting data via satellite communication channels through satellite communication system.EFFECT: provision of modular power plant for supply of railway refrigerating devices, as well as remote control and monitoring of operation of power plant and refrigerating devices connected to it.8 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a power plant for powering railway refrigerated devices, such as refrigerated wagons and refrigerated containers, for transporting perishable goods by rail.

State of the art

Due to the constant increase in fish production in Russia, most of which falls on the Far Eastern fisheries basin, the problem of transporting perishable goods to central and other parts of Russia is highly relevant. To date, the largest volume of transportation of perishable goods over long distances is carried out by rail using various devices specially designed for this.

One of such devices is a thermos car or an isothermal car without a refrigeration unit, information about which at the time of preparing the application is available from source / 1 / “Thermos Carriages” // URL: http://www.refservice.ru/services / vt (accessed June 7, 2019). During the trip, maintaining the temperature of the cargo in such a car is ensured by thermal insulation of the cargo room. Accordingly, such a car cannot be used for transporting deep-frozen goods and transporting goods over long distances.

For transportation of perishable goods over long distances, refrigerated wagons are widely used - isothermal wagons, the cooling of which is carried out by means of refrigerating machines powered by diesel generators. Such wagons are often used as part of sections or trailers, consisting of several refrigerated wagons and one wagon containing a diesel generator set. Instead of isothermal wagons, the section may include isothermal containers equipped with refrigeration units located on fitting platforms. An example of such a section is the ZB-5 section, information about which at the time of preparing the application is available from source / 2 / “Refrigeration Section” //URL:https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/ruwiki/1121144 (date of treatment 07.06.2019). The use of such sections requires an escort team and is advisable in the case of transporting only relatively large consignments.

At the filing date, the railway fleet for the transportation of perishable goods in Russia is substantially worn out. About 70% of the fleet units are nearing the end of their life or have an expired life. There is an annual reduction in the number of diesel-generating cars and refrigerated cars. In the absence of investment in updating the railway fleet, there is a constant outflow of perishable goods from rail to road.

At the same time, in the case of transportation over long distances, the cost of transportation by road is very high, and with the increase in the distance of transportation, the risk of cargo non-safety increases significantly. While rail transportation provides high speed delivery over long distances and the ability to transport several types of products in one shipment.

The solution to the problem of depreciation and decommissioning of the fleet of isothermal and diesel-generator cars takes place in several directions.

So, one of the ways is the modernization of diesel generator cars. For this purpose, diesel generator cars with an extended service life are used, purchased, in particular, in the CIS market with subsequent restoration of the interior and diesel generator set. The advantages of this solution are its relatively low cost and the ability to continue working using proven technologies. At the same time, the service life of cars thus modernized is extremely low, and it is difficult to accurately assess the costs of modernization in each case. In addition, in Russia only one plant carries out modernization of such cars.

Another solution to the mentioned problem is the creation of diesel-generator cars based on passenger cars according to the project of the Gomel Car-Building Plant, information about which at the time of preparing the application is available from source / 3 / “Car-diesel power station” //URL:http://vsz.gomel .by / index.php / ru / vagons / specialnogo-naznacheniya / 204-vag-diz-electr.html (accessed June 7, 2019). The composition of such a carriage, in addition to the diesel room, includes service and technical premises intended for employees accompanying the car and storage. The advantages of such a car are its long service life, the possibility of using modern diesel generator sets, as well as good conditions for the escort team. The main disadvantages of the solution are the high cost of the work, the need to certify such cars and the inability to work without an escort team that performs local status monitoring and control the operation of the power plant and refrigerator devices.

Another group of solutions used to provide power to perishable product transportation devices involves the use of attached autonomous diesel generator sets connected to isothermal containers placed on the fitting platform, or mounted diesel generator sets attached to isothermal containers. Such solutions are presented, for example, by the Lithuanian railways. The advantages of such solutions are the ease of connecting attached diesel-generator sets, the ability to compose a train from any number of such containers, which allows sending any size, as well as the fact that all MTU and NTU standards have already been developed for such solutions. The main disadvantages include the lack of backup power, which increases the risk of non-preservation of the goods, the small range and the inability to track the operation of the diesel generator set and the condition of the container during transportation.

The most multi-functional of the currently known technical solutions in the field of energy supply of railway refrigeration devices is a diesel-generator car offered by TVEMA, information about which at the time of preparation of the application is available from source / 4 / “Cars and utility technical modules for energy supply of the large-capacity group refrigerated containers ”//URL:https://tvema.all.biz/vagony-i-sluzhebno-tehnicheskie-moduli-g8565650 (accessed June 7, 2019). The wagon intended for energy supply of a group of large-tonnage refrigerated containers contains two diesel-generator sets operating in parallel, a fuel tank, and a room for staff. The wagon also includes a monitoring system that allows you to monitor fuel consumption in real time, the parameters of diesel generator sets and the status of each container that is part of the group, the wagon equipment control system, as well as means for determining the geographical coordinates of the wagon’s location via GPS or GLONNAS channels. This technical solution allows you to provide power to up to 100 refrigerated containers, and also provides the ability to automate the collection of data on the operation of the diesel generator car and containers in the group. The specified technical solution is selected by the applicant as the closest analogue of the present invention.

At the same time, the aforementioned technical solution has all the disadvantages characteristic of diesel generator cars. Such a car is a single set of equipment that does not provide for the possibility of using the equipment separately from each other or dismantling. At the same time, the inclusion of such a car in the accelerated container train requires special permits (telegrams) of Russian Railways, while during the idle time of the car, it is necessary to have free railway tracks to maintain it. In addition, the principle of operation of the car provides for the obligatory presence of an escort team in it, which locally monitors the operation of the control system and monitors the data of the monitoring system. The presence of such a team entails the need for additional means of ensuring the livelihoods of personnel, such as, for example, a heating system and office space, as well as the organization of an appropriate workspace, which leads to a significant increase in the cost of this technical solution and an increase in its payback period.

Thus, there is a need to create a power plant that does not have the disadvantages of the known technical solutions.

Based on the foregoing, the technical problem solved by the present invention is to propose a modular power plant for uninterrupted power supply of a group of railway refrigeration devices during long-term transportation, having a relatively low cost, characterized by ease of manufacture and maintenance, as well as providing remote control and monitoring the operation of the power plant and the refrigerated devices connected to it.

Disclosure of the invention

To solve this technical problem, the present invention proposed a power plant for at least one railway refrigerator device, comprising:

- an electricity generating unit including at least two sources of energy supply,

- a fuel unit fluidly coupled to the power generating unit,

- a system for monitoring the status of the power plant and the specified at least one railway refrigerator device, and

- a power plant control system, characterized in that the power generating unit and the fuel unit are removably mounted on the fitting platform, one of the at least two power supply sources is redundant, the power generating unit contains a satellite communication system, said monitoring and control systems are configured for remote monitoring the state of the power plant and the at least one rail refrigerated device and the remote control Lenia power plant by means of reception and transmission of data via satellite through said satellite communication system.

As can be seen from the foregoing, the proposed power plant is a modular system consisting of several blocks located on the fitting platform with the possibility of their removal. This design provides several advantages. So, if there is no need to use a power plant (for example, when moving goods a short distance in winter), the electricity generating and fuel blocks can be removed from the fitting platform for storage at the terminal, while the fitting platform can continue to be used for to your destination. Thus, the need for free railways to accommodate the power plant during downtime is eliminated. In addition, the presence of a separate fuel block allows it to be refueled separately from the location of the entire train, to place an already filled fuel tank on the platform, or to quickly replace an empty tank with a filled one. This solution improves security and simplifies installation. Finally, the modular design allows you to move its component parts separately from each other to their destination, for example, using sea, road transport or other trains, for the subsequent assembly of the power plant.

It is important that the inclusion of the proposed power plant in the accelerated container train does not require special permits (telegrams) of Russian Railways.

In addition, the proposed power plant does not require an escort team and, accordingly, the organization of the necessary office and technical facilities and personnel life support systems. Equipping the power plant with a satellite communication system in conjunction with remote monitoring and control systems allows you to quickly transfer the operating parameters of the power supply sources, the fuel unit and the condition of the refrigerator devices to the central control center and send the appropriate control commands to the power plant control system. Remote monitoring of a power plant and its control via satellite can occur in real time along the entire train following the territory of Russia and across other countries (that is, regardless of territorial borders) and without the participation of accompanying personnel, which significantly reduces the cost installation and increases the efficiency of installation management. At the same time, since only one satellite system located in the power plant is used to monitor the state of the entire train, there is no need to place satellite communication modules in each container of the train.

On the contrary, the monitoring system in the invention is implemented on the basis of an internal local area network combining the power generating unit and the refrigeration devices, so that the status of the refrigeration devices is collected and packet-transmitted to the power generating unit via the local network. This allows you to further reduce operating costs, because for the monitoring system to work, it is not necessary to purchase and pay for a set of dedicated static IP (Internet protocol) addresses for each of the connected refrigeration devices. Preferably, data transmission within the system is carried out through VPN (virtual private network) tunnels, which allows reliable communication and protection against data loss during transmission, as well as from actions aimed at “hacking” and data corruption.

According to the invention, the power plant contains at least two sources of power supply, while one of them is a backup. Thus, at each moment of time, only one source of energy supply is working. The work schedule of the sources provides for a uniform distribution of operating time between them. The use of interchangeable energy sources ensures the uninterrupted operation of the power plant along the entire route of the train.

Thus, the present invention proposed a modular power plant for uninterrupted power supply of a group of railway refrigeration devices during long-term transportation, having high reliability, relatively low cost, characterized by ease of manufacture and maintenance, and providing the ability to remotely control and monitor the operation of the installation and refrigerated devices connected to it .

According to an embodiment of the invention, the power generating unit is an all-welded module made on the basis of a large-capacity sea container, and the fuel unit is a tank container.

Thanks to this, it is possible to place electric generating and fuel blocks on standard fitting platforms, usually used for transportation of large containers and fixing them at the points of attachment of large cargo containers. In addition, matching the dimensions of the power generating and fuel blocks to the dimensions of standard containers facilitates their transportation separately from the fitting platform, if necessary.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the power sources are diesel generator power plants.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the power supply sources are gas generating power plants.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the refrigeration device is a large-capacity refrigerated container.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the refrigerator device is a refrigerator car.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the power plant comprises a system for automatically commissioning a backup power source.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the power plant comprises a system for automatically refueling from a fuel block for each power supply source.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Below, a power plant according to the invention is described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

- in FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a power plant according to the invention;

- in FIG. 2 illustrates the principle of operation of a power plant according to the invention.

The implementation of the invention

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a power plant 1 according to the invention, designed to provide electricity to at least one rail refrigerated device, such as a refrigerated container or refrigerated wagon. Further, the power plant 1 is described as an example of a power plant for power supply of a group of large-tonnage refrigerated containers.

The power plant 1 includes an electric generating unit 2, a fuel unit 3, fluidly coupled to an electric generating unit 2, for example, a fuel vandal proof hose 4. Both of these units are located on the fitting platform 5.

The power generating unit 2 is an all-welded module made on the basis of a large-capacity container, in particular a 40-foot sea container, which has a certificate of conformity of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RMRS), the VERITAS certification bureau or the Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping coordinates and sizes of points of attachment to the fitting platform 5. The dimensions of the power generating unit 2 do not exceed the dimensions of a standard large-capacity container. The fuel block 3 is made in the form of a tank container.

The power generating unit 2 has a reinforced floor structure. The floor is insulated with non-combustible basalt slabs based on pressed basalt wool. The floor is hermetically sealed (with contour welding) with steel sheets with a thickness of at least 4 mm with notches to prevent slipping. The walls of the power generating unit 2 are insulated with non-combustible panels with a thickness of at least 50 mm.

The power generating 2 and fuel 3 blocks can be fixed on the fitting platform 5 using any suitable fixing means, for example, using standard fitting stops, and, if necessary, can be disconnected from the fitting platform 5 and removed from it.

The power generating unit 2 consists of 3 compartments: the engine room and two ventilation chambers and has one external entrance to the engine room.

In the engine room of the power generating unit 2, there are placed 6 power supply sources, made, according to an embodiment of the invention, in the form of diesel-generating power plants, each of which has a capacity of 184 kW in continuous operation. According to an embodiment, the power plant comprises two diesel generator power plants, one of which is standby and is designed to provide uninterrupted operation of the power plant 1 in case of failure of the main diesel generator power station. The standby diesel-generator power station is a complete analogue of the main power station and can be operated as the main power station, which is necessary for even distribution of operating time between the two power plants. Also, an aerosol fire extinguishing system is installed in the engine room.

According to an embodiment of the invention, an automatic refueling system from the fuel unit 3 is provided for each power supply source 6.

The proposed power plant 1 can be designed in such a way that, taking into account all the energy losses, supply at least 20 large-capacity refrigerated containers with an installed energy consumption of up to 9.6 kW per hour and at least 24 large-capacity refrigerated containers with an installed electricity consumption of up to 7.5 kW per hour.

Power plant 1 is made in compliance with applicable state standards applicable to diesel generators, systems to ensure their performance and safety of their operation.

 According to another embodiment, the power supply sources 6 are gas generating power plants.

Power plant 1 and power supply sources 6 included in it include the ability to work in the following conditions: outdoor temperature from -40 to + 50ºС; rain, snow, fog, hail; relative air humidity up to 98% at a temperature of 25ºС; height above sea level up to 2000 m; dust content of air no more than 0.01 g / m3; inclination relative to the horizontal surface up to 10º; wind speed up to 15 m / s.

The power generating unit 2 also comprises a satellite communication system 9 shown in FIG. 2, providing two-way data transmission between power plant 1 and the remote control and monitoring center. Satellite communication can be carried out, for example, through the Iridium satellite communication system or another satellite communication system. The technical means used for the organization of satellite communication systems are widely known by specialists and their detailed description is omitted in this application.

The power generating unit 2 also comprises a monitoring system 7, schematically shown in FIG. 2, for remote monitoring of the state of the power plant 1 and refrigerator containers 10 included in the train. The monitoring system 7 is implemented on the basis of a wireless network adapter with the function of forming an internal local area network with predefined IP addresses, combining the power generating unit 2 and the transmitters of the refrigerator containers 10.

So, each refrigerator container 10 is equipped with a transmitter 11, which wirelessly transmits data from sensors monitoring the parameters of the refrigerator container 10 to the monitoring system 7, on the specified local network, mainly using different VPN tunnels for each of the containers 10. Preferably, the transmitter 11 It is an industrial Internet gateway with the ability to integrate into the fourth generation network (4G). Further, the monitoring system 7, using the satellite communication system 9, transmits the received data to a remote monitoring and control center (not shown in the drawings).

In particular, the monitoring system 7 receives data on such parameters of the container as the temperature of the air in the container, the temperature of the air supplied and returned from the container, humidity, data on the fact of opening the container (for example, the position of the container door), the tightness of the liquid systems, the integrity of the fuses, fire or smoke. In addition, data on the health of the flight recorder, sensors, ventilation system, heating and cooling installations, data on the general functionality of the container and other data necessary for monitoring the status of the container are transmitted to the monitoring system 7.

The monitoring system 7 also receives data from the fuel unit 3, such as, for example, data on the tightness of the fuel unit 3, the fuel level, the health of the pumping system, and the health and safety system.

In addition, the monitoring system 7 receives data on the state of the power generating unit 2, including: the status of the connection of the refrigerator containers, operating hours from the moment of switching on, power supplied and consumed, fuel consumption, fire or smoke signals. The monitoring system 7 also receives data on the temperature of the power generating unit 2, environmental indicators, video surveillance data, general functionality and other data necessary for monitoring the operation of the power plant 1 as a whole and its components.

The indicated data is transmitted by the monitoring system 7 via a satellite communication channel to a remote monitoring and control center of the power plant 1 for operational monitoring of its status and proper functioning.

If a malfunction of any equipment of the power plant 1 is detected, or its parameters do not meet the set values / set status, the monitoring system 7 via the satellite communication channel signals a malfunction with an indication of the malfunction code. In the case of the normal functioning of the power plant 1, the monitoring system 7 transmits to the monitoring and control center a signal about the proper functioning of the plant.

In the event that, as a result of the analysis of the data transmitted by the monitoring system 7, it becomes necessary to adjust the operation of the power plant 1 or to carry out scheduled operations at certain stages or at certain intervals during cargo transportation, the control and monitoring center issues an appropriate command to the control system 8, also included in the power plant according to the invention. Such a command is transmitted to the control system 8 through the satellite communication system 9 of the power plant 1.

After receiving the appropriate commands, the control system 8 manages the devices included in the power plant 1, for example, drives a backup diesel generator set, includes a fire extinguishing system and fire alarm and performs other necessary operations programmed during the manufacture and / or maintenance of the installation.

The described monitoring systems (7) and control (8) are hardware and software systems that can equally well be implemented on the basis of one or more controllers as part of the power generating unit 2. It is preferable to implement monitoring systems (7) and control (8) as SCADA (supervisory control and data collection) systems.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the invention, the power plant 1 comprises systems for automatically commissioning a backup power supply source 6 and automatic fuel refueling systems from the fuel unit 3 for each power supply source 6.

Data transmission using the satellite communication system 9 allows you to monitor the power plant 1 and control it in real time throughout the route of the train. At the same time, the territory on which continuous remote monitoring of power plant 1 can be carried out is not limited to the territory of Russia and includes the territories of other countries over which the train is moving, which would be extremely difficult to implement using cellular communication systems, given the need for interaction with many national mobile operators.

However, according to an embodiment of the invention, it may be possible to communicate the power plant 1 with a remote control and monitoring center via a backup cellular communication channel.

According to the described embodiment, the power plant 1 operates in stand-alone mode with constant remote monitoring of serviceability and functionality of its operation.

According to another embodiment, it may be possible to periodically inspect the installation by maintenance personnel at stopping and unloading indicators of the installation.

Thus, the present invention proposed a modular power plant for uninterrupted power supply of a group of railway refrigeration devices during long-term transportation. The installation has high reliability, relatively low cost, is easy to manufacture and maintain, and provides the ability to remotely control and monitor the operation of both the power plant itself and the refrigerated devices connected to it.

Claims (13)

1. Power plant (1) for at least one rail refrigerated device (10), comprising: - an electric generating unit (2), including at least two power supply sources (6), - a fuel unit (3) fluidly coupled to an electric generating unit (2), - a system (7) for monitoring the condition of a power plant and at least one railway refrigerator device (10) and - power plant control system (8), characterized in that the power generating unit (2) and the fuel unit (3) are removably mounted on the fitting platform (5), one of these sources of energy supply (6) is redundant, the power generating unit contains a satellite communication system (9), and said monitoring systems (7) and controls (8) are configured for remote monitoring of the state of a power plant (1) and at least one railway refrigerator device (10), as well as for remote control of a power plant (1), by receiving and transmitting data via satellite communication channels through the specified satellite communication system (9). 2. A power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the power generating unit (2) is an all-welded module made on the basis of a large-capacity sea container, and the fuel unit (3) is a tank container. 3. A power plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the power supply sources (6) are diesel generator power plants. 4. A power plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the power supply sources (6) are gas generating power plants. 5. Power plant according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that the refrigeration device (10) is a large-capacity refrigerated container. 6. Power plant according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, characterized in that the refrigeration device is a refrigerated wagon. 7. Power plant according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, characterized in that it contains a system for automatically putting into operation a backup source (6) of power supply. 8. Power plant according to any one of paragraphs. 1-7, characterized in that it contains a system of automatic refueling from the fuel block (3) for each source (6) of power supply.

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