RU47831U1 - RAILWAY CARRIAGE - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model relates to railway transport, namely to wagons intended for operation as part of sections consisting of several (up to four) freight insulated wagons and one escort wagon. The proposed car contains: an engine room equipped with two diesel generators with cooling units, which are equipped with automatically adjustable air intake and exhaust shutters and air recirculation shutters, as well as an air heater; shower room; environmentally friendly toilet with emergency drain tap and flushing toilet from the water supply network with high pressure; operator room; double and two four-seater coupe; a kitchen-dining room, which is equipped with a TV, a table with seats, a sink, a gas stove, a refrigerator and cabinets for food and utensils; boiler room; vestibule and battery compartment. Two air conditioners are installed on the roof of the car, which supply chilled air to the control room and three compartments. The hot and cold water supply system is equipped with a pressure water supply unit with water purification and disinfection. Application of the proposed utility model will allow:

- to provide increased efficiency of diesel generators by cooling the radiator blocks according to a specified algorithm for the operation of the blinds;

- ensure optimal fuel consumption of diesel generators;

- to ensure the quick start of diesel generators after a long sludge of a car at low outdoor temperatures by installing a high-performance air heater in the engine room;

- improve working and living conditions for staff by installing a ventilation system with air conditioning in rooms, kitchen equipment with a gas stove, television;

- improve the sanitary conditions in the car, as well as environmental protection by installing an environmentally friendly toilet.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to railway transport, in particular to wagons intended for operation as part of sections consisting of several (up to four) freight insulated wagons and one escort wagon.

A well-known wagon-power station with a capacity of 600 kW (model 65-196) (USSR wagons. Catalog - reference 18-8-74. NIIINFORMTYAZHMASH, Moscow 1975, p.16, 17, Fig.19), designed for centralized power supply of passenger train wagons. The wagon has a vestibule, an engine room, an office space from which diesel generator sets are controlled, a four-seater compartment, a toilet with shower and a luggage compartment. Three engine generators with a capacity of 200 kW each are installed in the engine room. Each diesel generator set has its own cooling and lubrication systems, which include a sectional radiator and a water cooler, an expansion water tank, an oil tank and a fan. Radiators are cooled by outside air, which is taken in by fans installed in the air ducts through openings in the side wall and discharged through openings on the roof. The openings in the side wall and roof are closed with blinds that regulate the air supply for cooling radiators with a manual drive. In the office room there is a shield with control devices and control diesel engines, as well as cabinets for tools, documentation and clothes. The service compartment is equipped with four semi-soft beds, luggage racks and a table. Luggage compartment

consists of a luggage room and a double compartment for luggage distributors. Wagon water supply - gravity cold and hot water. The car is equipped with forced ventilation. The heating of the car is electric. The disadvantages of this design of the car:

- air intake and exhaust shutters for cooling radiators of diesel generators are manually adjusted;

- the need for prolonged warming up of the engine room to start the diesel generators after the car stays at negative outside temperatures using electric furnaces from an external source of electricity;

- lack of comfortable working conditions for the service team (for example, air conditioning, television, etc.).

The closest technical solution is a diesel-power carriage of a five-car refrigerator section (model 16-3000). (USSR cars. Industry catalog 20-89-04. Moscow, 1980, p.125, 127. Fig. 147). The wagon has a diesel and service department, a kitchen, a relaxation compartment, a toilet with a shower, a boiler compartment, a vestibule and is equipped with ventilation, heating, water and electricity systems. At the end of the car is a battery compartment with a separate entrance from the outside. Two diesel generators with a capacity of 75 kW each, as well as various auxiliary equipment (pumps, consumables, starter batteries, diesel cooling systems, etc.) are installed in the diesel department. Water and oil diesel radiators are installed in the ducts located under the roof of the car and are cooled by outside air, which is taken in by fans installed in the ducts through openings in the opposite wall of the car. The openings for the passage of air in the walls of the car are closed by blinds, the design of which allows you to adjust the air supply for cooling radiators manually

driven. In the service compartment there are power switchboards with switchgears, automation devices and temperature control. In the kitchen, there is a stove that runs on liquid fuel, a refrigerator, a sink - a sink, a radio, a table, and chairs.

A boiler equipped with a burner operating on liquid fuel is installed in the boiler room.

The disadvantages of this design of the car:

- louvers for intake and exhaust of external air for cooling radiators are manually adjusted by a drive handle;

- long-term preparation of the car for operation, associated with the heating of the diesel room to start the diesel generators after the car is laid at negative outside temperatures using additional heat sources, for example, the installation of cars in a warm room, etc .;

lack of comfortable working and living conditions for the service team (for example, air conditioning, television, etc.).

The proposed utility model solves the problem of improving the operational characteristics of the car by equipping it with technical means to improve the efficiency of the diesel-generator equipment of the engine room, as well as improve the working and living conditions of staff.

To achieve the specified technical result in a carriage containing an engine room equipped with two diesel generators with a capacity of 100 kW each and cooling units for diesel generators, a shower, a toilet, an operator room, a double and two four-seater compartments, a kitchen - a dining room, a boiler room, a vestibule and a battery room a department equipped with ventilation, heating, water and electricity supply systems, diesel generator cooling units are equipped with automatically adjustable intake and exhaust shutters

air and air recirculation louvers by them in the engine room. In order to reduce the time of putting the car into operation from the sludge mode at negative outside air temperatures, an air heater OV-95 with a heating capacity of 95,000 kcal / h was installed in the engine room. The ventilation system is equipped with heated external air in a water heater from the heating system or in an electric heater from a working diesel generator, and at parking lots from an external electric source with a voltage of 380 V. In this case, after sludge, the rooms are warmed up due to air circulation through the operator's room and three compartments with heating it in an electric heater. In order to create comfortable working and living conditions for staff in the summer, two air conditioners are installed on the roof of the car, which supply cooled air through the fresh air duct to the control room and three compartments. At the same time, depending on the temperature in the rooms, one or two air conditioners can work.

The cold and hot water supply system is equipped with a pressurized water supply installation containing a pumping station consisting of two pressure boosting pumps (one standby) and a hydraulic accumulator, as well as flow and volume electric water heaters. At the same time, water is cleaned with coarse and fine filters with disinfection in an ultraviolet disinfectant (UV lamp), and an environmentally friendly toilet is equipped with an emergency drain tap with a toilet flush from the pressurized water supply network. The kitchen-dining room is equipped with a TV, a table with seats, a sink, a gas stove with gas supply from gas cylinders located in a separate equipped room at the end of the car, as well as a refrigerator and cabinets for food.

Thus, the proposed technical solution differs from the known design of the carriage by the introduction of additional technical means to the carriage equipment to ensure an increase

the efficiency of the diesel-generator equipment of the engine room of the car, as well as the improvement of the working and living conditions of the staff.

The claimed car is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Figure 1 - shows the car - a General view;

Figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1;

Figure 4 is a section bb in figure 2;

In Fig.5 is a view of G in Fig.1;

Figure 6 shows a diagram of a cooling unit

The following notation is accepted:

1 - engine room;

2 - diesel generator;

3 - cooling unit;

4 - shower;

5 - toilet;

6 - longitudinal corridor;

7 - operator;

8 - double coupe;

9 - four-seater coupe;

10 - kitchen - dining room;

11 - boiler room;

12 - vestibule;

13 - battery compartment;

14 - ventilation system;

15 - heating system;

16 - water supply system;

17 - power supply system;

18 - duct;

19 - a block of a radiator;

20 - fan unit;

21 - automated block blinds;

22 - air intake blinds;

23 - air discharge blinds;

24 - air recirculation blinds;

25 - electric hand drive;

26 - (t _n , t _g , t _p ) - temperature sensors:

t _n - outdoor air

t _g - air behind the radiator block,

t _p - air in the engine room;

27 - air heater;

28 - air conditioning;

29 - duct of the ventilation system;

30 - shutter;

31 - pumping station;

32 - pump;

33 - accumulator;

34 - volume electric heater;

35 - flowing electric water heater;

36 - coarse filter;

37 - fine filter;

38 - disinfectant;

39 - television;

40 - a table with seats;

41 - washing;

42 - gas stove;

43 - gas cylinder;

44 - refrigerator;

45 - cabinets.

The wagon contains an engine room 1, equipped with two diesel generators 2 and cooling units 3 of diesel generators 2, a shower room 4, a toilet room 5 and located along a longitudinal corridor 6, an operator room 7, a two-seater compartment 8, two four-seater compartment 9, and a kitchen - dining room 10, boiler room 11, vestibule 12 and battery compartment 13. The rooms are equipped with life support systems: ventilation 14, designed for air exchange in the premises, as well as heating or cooling the air entering the carriage; heating 15, designed to heat rooms in cold weather; water supply 16, designed to provide water for a shower 4, toilet 5, kitchen-dining room 10 and replenishment of the heating system 15; power supply 17, designed to ensure the operation of thermostatic and fire extinguishing systems of cargo pens, as well as its own consumers. The cooling unit 3 of the diesel generator 2 consists of an air duct 18, a radiator unit 19, a fan unit 20, and an automated louvre unit 21 containing air intake louvers 22, air discharge louvers 23 and air recirculation louvers 24. All the louvers 22, 23, 24 are equipped with electric drives 25 with an MEO mechanism (electric one-turn mechanism) and with the help of air temperature sensors (26t _n is the outdoor temperature sensor, 26t _g is the air temperature sensor behind the radiator block, 26t _n is the air temperature sensor in the engine room) They are designed to provide the required coolant temperature of diesel generators 2 and air temperature in the engine room 1 depending on the outdoor temperature. An air temperature sensor 26t _{n is} installed outside the car under the control room 7, 26t _{g is} installed behind the radiator blocks 19, 26t _{n is} installed in engine room 1. An air heater (ОВ-95) 27 is installed on the floor of the engine room 27. The ventilation system 14 is equipped with air conditioners 28 installed

on the roof of the car, which cool the air in the duct 29 of the ventilation system 14, supplied in the compartment 8, 9 and the operator 7. The duct 29 is equipped with a shutter 30, which closes the duct 29 when the air conditioners 28 are turned on. The water supply system 16 is equipped with cold and hot water pressurized water supply containing a pumping station 31, consisting of two pressure boosting pumps 32 (one of them is reserve) and a hydraulic accumulator 33. Water is heated in a volumetric electric heater 34 with a capacity of 80 l, as well as in a flow-through electric water heater 35 (ЭВПЗ-15). Water purification is carried out by coarse filters 36 and fine filters 37, and water disinfection is carried out in ultraviolet disinfector 38 (UV lamp). Environmentally friendly toilet 5 is equipped with an emergency drain valve, which allows waste to be drained off the railway track outside the sanitary zones. The toilet is flushed to the storage tank from the pressurized water supply network. The kitchen - dining room 10 is equipped with a TV 39, a table with seats 40, a sink 41, a gas stove 42 with gas supply from gas cylinders 43, located in a separate equipped room at the end of the car, as well as a refrigerator 44 and 45 cabinets for food.

The cooling system of diesel generators 2 operates as follows. The cooling of the radiator blocks 19 of the diesel generators 2 is carried out by external air, which is taken by the fans 20 through the openings from the blinds in the side wall of the car and thrown out through the openings in the opposite wall. Maintaining the required coolant temperature of diesel generators 2 is achieved by automatically controlling the air intake shutters 22 and air exhaust shutters 23. To maintain the optimum air temperature in the engine room 1 in the cold period

the use of heat of diesel generators 2 by recirculation of air through the blinds 24, engine room 1 and cooling units 3.

Adjustment of the blinds is carried out by electric drives 25 with MEO mechanisms according to the signals of the temperature sensors 26 (t _n , t _g , t _p ) according to the specified algorithm for the operation of the blinds.

The blind control algorithm is shown in table 1

Table 1 DG operation mode Air temperature Adjustable blinds Outdoor Recirculation DG disabled tH <+ 8 ° C 3 ABOUT tH> + 8 ° C any DG start tH <+ 8 ° C 3 ABOUT tH> + 8 ° C ABOUT 3 DG work tH> + 8 ° C ABOUT 3 tH <+ 8 ° C tГ <+ 50 ° C 3 ABOUT tP <+ 30 ° C tГ <+ 8 ° C tP <+ 50 ° C 1/2 O 3 tH> + 30 ° C tP <+ 8 ° C tG> + 50 ° C ABOUT 3 tH> + 30 ° C 1n <+ 8 ° C tH> + 50 ° C ABOUT ABOUT tH <+ 30 ° C where: 3 - the blinds are closed; Oh - the blinds are open.

When the car is put into operation from the sludge mode at negative outside air temperatures, the quick warm-up of the engine room 1 and diesel generators 2 for their start-up is achieved by an air heater 27 operating on liquid fuel, which is controlled by maintenance personnel. After the start of the diesel generators 2, the ventilation system 14 is turned on and the rooms of the control room 7, compartment 8, 9 and the kitchen-dining room 10 are quickly heated. After the premises of the car and the boiler heating network are heated up, the heating system 15 is refilled with water and the boiler is turned on. The car is ready for operation. Heating of the car during operation, depending on the temperature of the outside air, can be combined: from the boiler of the heating system 15 and ventilation system 14. The air conditioners 28 are turned on and operated after the duct 29 of the ventilation system 14 is shut off by a shutter 30 with a supply of cooled air in compartment 8, 9 and operator 7.

Application of the proposed utility model allows:

- to provide increased efficiency of diesel generators by cooling the radiator blocks according to a given algorithm of work;

- ensure optimal fuel consumption of diesel generators;

- to ensure the quick start of diesel generators after a long sludge of a car at low outdoor temperatures by installing a high-performance air heater in the engine room;

- to improve working and living conditions for staff by installing a ventilation system with air conditioning to create a microclimate in the premises, as well as equipping the wagon with a gas stove for quick cooking, a TV, a refrigerator, etc.

- To improve the sanitary and hygienic conditions in the car, as well as environmental protection by installing an environmentally friendly toilet with an emergency drain tap and flushing the toilet from the water supply network with high pressure.

Claims (1)

A wagon containing an engine room equipped with two diesel generators and diesel generator cooling units, a shower room, a toilet room and an operator room, a double and two four-seater compartments along with a longitudinal corridor, as well as a kitchen-dining room, a boiler room, a vestibule and a battery compartment equipped with systems ventilation, heating, water supply and electricity supply, characterized in that the cooling units of diesel generators are equipped with automatically adjustable air intake and exhaust shutters and recirculating shutters air in the engine room, while an air heater is installed on the floor of the engine room, and the ventilation system is equipped with air conditioners installed on the roof, with the supply of chilled air in three compartments and an operator room, and depending on the room temperature, one or two air conditioners can be operated, in addition, the hot and cold water supply system is equipped with a pressure water supply unit with water purification and disinfection, while the environmentally friendly toilet is equipped with an emergency tap the first flush with flushing the toilet from the pressurized water supply network.