EP3017105B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer un non-tissé - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer un non-tissé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3017105B1
EP3017105B1 EP14734031.9A EP14734031A EP3017105B1 EP 3017105 B1 EP3017105 B1 EP 3017105B1 EP 14734031 A EP14734031 A EP 14734031A EP 3017105 B1 EP3017105 B1 EP 3017105B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
belt
press
roller
material web
woven
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Application number
EP14734031.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3017105A1 (fr
Inventor
Pierre Riviere
Herbert Aust
Kai PÖHLER
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Publication of EP3017105A1 publication Critical patent/EP3017105A1/fr
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D04H5/03—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling by fluid jet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a nonwoven fabric.
  • a nonwoven web is a web of limited length fibers, continuous filaments or cut yarns of any kind and of any origin, which are in some way joined together to form a nonwoven (ie, a fibrous web) and somehow bonded together have been.
  • Nonwoven fabrics include fiber webs made by interlacing yarns such as those used in weaving, knitting, knitting, lace making, braiding, and tufted fabric making. Also films and papers are not among the nonwovens.
  • WO2007 / 124966 A1 and DE102008054990 A1 each describe a device and a method having the features according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • nonwovens generally include nonwoven formation, nonwoven bonding and subsequent dewatering.
  • Different methods of web formation are, for example, in WO 2007/018960 A2 described.
  • the nonwoven can be formed in particular by a dry process, a wet process and / or an extrusion process.
  • an at least partially aerodynamic web formation is known, in which the web is formed at least partially from fibers by means of an air flow on an air-permeable base.
  • the fleece also be formed at least partially mechanically.
  • the fleece can be formed, for example, from carding or carding removed flores, which are superimposed, or the fleece can also be formed directly from carding machines.
  • Nonwoven also be formed at least partially by the so-called spunbond process, in which the nonwoven fabric is formed by depositing fibers which are spun from a passing through nozzle melt polymer melt and by means of cold air and / or mechanically drawn.
  • the web can also be formed, at least in part, by the so-called melt-blown process in which the web is formed by depositing fibers directly spun from a polymer melt passing through nozzles and drawn to rupture by means of hot air streams.
  • any combinations of such web-forming methods are also conceivable.
  • the subsequent nonwoven consolidation can be done, for example, by the so-called hydroentanglement process - which is also called "spunlacing".
  • the formed nonwoven is solidified by entanglement of the fibers, wherein the entangling is effected by swirling, in particular by acting on the nonwoven focused high-pressure water jets.
  • Such hydroentanglement entails further physical and visible properties of the nonwoven fabric produced.
  • the nonwoven web is primarily passed over air suction slits to remove as much liquid as possible from the web before it is fed to the dryer section, in which further dewatering and in some cases so-called thermal and / or chemical solidification done.
  • the efficiency of the drainage is limited, resulting in a correspondingly greater energy requirement for the evaporation of the excess liquid and the machine speed is lowered.
  • the drainage efficiency is limited especially for open and / or perforated nonwovens.
  • nonwoven fabric web is destroyed or at least impaired, which is particularly due to air losses at the web edges due to a non-constant width of the web.
  • the air loss at the material web edges also brings a high energy consumption with it.
  • nonwoven composition and structure of the nonwoven web e.g. may also be structured or perforated, the dry content of the nonwoven web obtained after dewatering is limited.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned, with which the aforementioned Problems are eliminated in the simplest and most reliable way possible.
  • an efficient and cost-effective drainage of the formed nonwoven material web is to be achieved, which leads to a nonwoven material web with the largest possible volume and with a uniform moisture cross profile while avoiding a water jam.
  • the structures and / or surface parameters produced during the web formation in the former are to be maintained in the course of the subsequent further dewatering of the material web, and the total product volume should as far as possible not be restricted by this further dewatering.
  • a moisture profile which is as uniform as possible up to the web edges should be ensured, in particular, even with perforated nonwovens.
  • the device While avoiding the use of air suction slits and a complex shoe press, the device is intended to ensure the highest possible dewatering capacity, as is required, in particular, to remove larger quantities of liquid introduced into the web, for example in the course of hydroentanglement, and to have as compact a structure as possible.
  • the solution according to the invention should also be feasible by the simplest possible conversion of existing machines.
  • this object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a device having the features of claim 8.
  • the object is accordingly achieved, in particular, by methods for producing a nonwoven fabric in which a nonwoven is formed in a former and the resulting nonwoven material web is subsequently further dehydrated.
  • the further dewatering of the nonwoven material web comprises the dewatering by means of a belt press, wherein the belt press has a roller to the - to form an elongated press nip or press nip - at least one applied to the roller inner band and an outer press belt - each in one certain wrapping angle - are looped, wherein the nonwoven material web at least in the region of the roller between the inner band and the outer press belt is arranged.
  • the press belt is pressed onto the roll at a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m to create a mechanical pressure on the nonwoven web lying between the two belts, thereby pressing the nonwoven web and the inner belt contacting the roll against the roll to squeeze.
  • the nonwoven fabric is formed in the former on a circulating transfer belt and the resulting nonwoven material web is passed over the transfer belt at least to the belt press and through its extended press nip.
  • the belts of the belt press are preferably revolving or endless belts, which are guided together with the nonwoven material web through the (extended) press nip of the belt press.
  • the device according to the invention provided in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention accordingly comprises a former for forming a nonwoven and a belt press for further dewatering of the nonwoven material web formed from the formed nonwoven.
  • the belt press comprises a roller, around which at least one inner band lying against the roller and an outer pressing belt are wound.
  • the nonwoven material web can be arranged and preferably arranged at least in the area of the roller between the inner band and the press belt.
  • the press belt is pressed with a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m to the roller and preferably pressed.
  • the nonwoven fabric is formed on a circulating transfer belt and the resulting nonwoven material web is guided over this transfer belt at least to the belt press and through its (extended) press nip.
  • nonwoven is understood to mean a nonwoven fabric of low consistency obtained directly by the formation, whereas Nonwoven fabric is to be understood as meaning a nonwoven already having a certain or relatively higher consistency.
  • belt tension of the outer press belt is understood to mean the quotient of the tension applied to the press belt and the width of the press belt, in accordance with the usual use of this term.
  • press nip is understood to mean the gap which is formed between the inner and outer band of the belt press by pressing the outer band against the roller with a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m.
  • Due to this embodiment of the method and the device results in a total more efficient, cost-effective drainage of the formed nonwoven material web, while avoiding the previously occurring especially in connection with a shoe press water accumulation before the press nip - in comparison to the use of a shoe press - a larger volume the produced nonwoven material web is achieved because the pressure in the extended press nip of the belt press is lower than in a shoe press.
  • efficient drainage with a high degree of dewatering is ensured despite the lower compacting pressure.
  • a thermal drying device which may still be provided after the belt press, such as a TAD (Through Air Drying) or air drying device, requires only a very small amount of energy.
  • a very gentle and - based on the surface of the nonwoven material web very uniform drainage achieved, so that an impairment or even destruction of the fiber structure is reliably prevented. Due to this, fiber losses as well as contamination of the waste water are kept to a minimum.
  • an improved moisture transverse profile for the nonwoven fabric formed is also obtained.
  • the invention also makes it possible to transfer the nonwoven material web with a higher solids content to the final, in particular thermal drying device, whereby the machinability in the dryer section is increased. Due to the reduced pressure in the belt press, the volume of the nonwoven web is reduced by no more than 10% in the dewatering. Thus, the solids content of the nonwoven web can be increased relative to the water content compared to the usual dewatering over air suction slots by more than 10%, resulting in a higher production capacity, energy consumption is reduced and the provision of additional or more expensive drying facilities is avoided.
  • the inventive method in particular an excellent Maschinenschkeit.
  • this is a deterioration of the quality of the formed nonwoven fabric due to an open draw, in particular an undesirable Elongation of the nonwoven web and / or the formation of unwanted fractures in the nonwoven web, reliably avoided, especially when the nonwoven web is passed through the device at a high speed.
  • the nonwoven material web is preferably guided in a closed loop from the former via the belt press to a thermal drying device arranged downstream of the belt press.
  • the formed web is also solidified on the transfer belt before being transferred to the belt press.
  • solidification of the formed web preferably comprises consolidation by the hydroentanglement process.
  • the nonwoven web be fed downstream of the belt press by a thermal dryer, most preferably a through-air drying (TAD), to deliver the nonwoven web to the desired final dry content dry.
  • a thermal dryer most preferably a through-air drying (TAD)
  • the thermal drying device preferably no more than one TAD or air drying device is used in the above embodiment, in particular with only a single TAD drying cylinder.
  • the diameter of such a TAD drying cylinder is advantageously less than 4 m, preferably less than 3.5 m and particularly preferably less than 3 m.
  • bands of the belt press are used against drying fluid and preferably air and / or water vapor permeable belts, and simultaneously with the pressing of the nonwoven web against the roller becomes a drying fluid through the permeable belts including the transfer belt, and pressed through the nonwoven web, preferably by creating a corresponding pressure differential between the roller and the outer press belt.
  • the roller of the belt press for discharging or receiving the drying fluid is designed with an open surface.
  • At least one (endless) band wrapped around the drum of the belt press is permeable to water or adapted to receive water to absorb and / or accumulate the water produced by the mechanical press in the belt press to let pass.
  • the nonwoven material web is subjected to heat in the extended press nip of the belt press via the drying fluid and / or separately therefrom, for example via the roller and / or at least one belt of the belt press.
  • any inert gas or aerosol can be used as the drying fluid, with good results, in particular with air and / or steam.
  • air may, for example, have ambient temperature.
  • hot air may be used as the drying fluid, preferably hot air at a temperature in a range of 50 ° C to 250 ° C, more preferably at a temperature in a range of 150 ° C to 250 ° C, and more particularly preferably at a temperature in a range of 175 ° C to 225 ° C, such as at a temperature of about 200 ° C.
  • water vapor When water vapor is used as the drying fluid, it is preferably used in a steam weight / weight ratio of the nonwoven web of up to 2 kg steam / kg nonwoven web and preferably in a steam weight / nonwoven web weight ratio of 0.1 to 1 kg of steam / kg nonwoven web, such as in a steam weight / weight ratio of the nonwoven web of about 0.5 kg steam / kg nonwoven web.
  • a drying fluid is forced through the nonwoven web, with the roller of the belt press discharging or receiving the drying fluid having an open surface. It can be used as a roller of the belt press in particular a suction roll or a blow roll.
  • the drying fluid is expediently, starting from a drying fluid hood at least by the permeable outer press belt, the transfer belt, the Nonwoven material web and the permeable inner band sucked or guided into the suction roll.
  • the water dehydrated in the belt press is expediently sucked or guided into the suction roll or the permeable inner band.
  • the suction roll is preferably at a negative pressure (ie, a difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure prevailing in the suction roll) in the range of 0.25 bar to 0.6 bar and particularly preferably with a negative pressure in the range of 0.30 to 0 , 55 bar, as for example, with a negative pressure of about 0.45 bar, applied.
  • a negative pressure ie, a difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure prevailing in the suction roll
  • the belts wrapping around the roller in the direction of flow of the drying fluid comprise a permeable press belt, preferably also the transfer belt serving for solidification and a felt belt.
  • the drying fluid is preferably blown into a hood, at least through the permeable inner band, the nonwoven material web, the transfer belt and the permeable outer press belt, starting from the blower roll.
  • the water dewatered in the belt press is expediently also blown or guided into the hood or the permeable outer band.
  • the drying fluid at a pressure in the range of 0.25 bar to 0.6 bar, and more preferably at a pressure in the range of 0.30 bar to 0.55 bar, such as with a pressure in the range of about 0.45 bar, is blown above the atmospheric pressure through the permeable inner band, through the nonwoven web and through the permeable outer press belt to the hood.
  • the pressure exerted on the nonwoven web also depends on, among other things, the drying fluid flow.
  • a drying fluid flow in a range of 100 m 3 / (min m 2 ) to 300 m 3 / (min m 2 ), preferably from 150 to 250 m 3 / (min m 2 ), and more preferably from about 210 m 3 / (min m 2 ) is generated.
  • roller of the belt press in addition to the inner and the outer (endless) belt and the transfer belt, is still surrounded by one or more further (endless) belts, these other (endless) belts must also be permeable to the drying fluid, provided the nonwoven fabric Material web in the belt press to be acted upon by such a drying fluid, which - as stated above - is particularly preferred.
  • a mechanical pressure of less than 140 kPa, in particular less than 100 kPa and preferably less than 90 kPa, but of more than 30 kPa and preferably more than 45 kPa is exercised.
  • the residence time of the nonwoven material web in the extended press nip of the belt press on between 0.05 sec and 0.5 sec set is proposed in development of the invention. With such a relatively long residence time, an efficient drainage is ensured despite the relatively low pressure and the correspondingly gentle treatment of the nonwoven material web.
  • the nonwoven material web is dewatered in the belt press by at least 20%, preferably by 30 to 75% and particularly preferably by 33 to 50%.
  • this degree of dewatering denotes the percentage weight loss in the dewatering based on the total weight of the nonwoven material web prior to dewatering in the belt press.
  • the formed nonwoven is solidified prior to transfer to the belt press, it may be advantageous in certain cases if it is preconsolidated in the region of a solidification cylinder wrapped around by the transfer belt and / or directly on the transfer belt in a region without solidification cylinder, and then preferably additionally post-solidified, wherein a respective solidification is preferably carried out by the hydroentanglement process.
  • the device in question may thus comprise one or more solidification devices.
  • the provided for the preconsolidation and / or provided for the Nachverfest Trents driving solidifying each only one or more, preferably two nozzles for generating the solidification inducing water jets include
  • the formed nonwoven fabric can only be pre-consolidated without post consolidation, which is sufficient in certain cases.
  • a fabric tape or a dewatering tape provided with a porous surface is used as the transfer tape. It is particularly advantageous if a flat or a non-woven fabric web corresponding structuring and / or perforating tape is used as the transfer belt.
  • the nonwoven material web is considered to be mechanically dewatered in the web running direction immediately after the last solidification step and before the belt press, preferably via the structured transfer belt.
  • the belt press with only two roll wrapping the (endless) belts and the transfer belt provided and the nonwoven material web between these two (endless) belts and the belts is arranged touching. In this case, both the inner (endless) belt and the transfer belt contact the nonwoven web.
  • the belt press except the inner and the outer (endless) band may also be provided with at least one further (endless) band wrapping the roller in a predetermined wrap angle.
  • the at least one further (endless) belt can be arranged in particular between the outer press belt and the transfer belt.
  • the (endless) belts wrapping the roller of the belt press comprise at least one felt belt and / or a fabric belt.
  • a felt belt is used as the inner (endless) belt that wraps around the roller of the belt press.
  • the nonwoven material web in the belt press is simultaneously passed through by a drying fluid and a suction roll is used as the roller of the belt press. Dewatering on a felt belt results in a substantially more uniform moisture cross-section than is the case, for example, with drainage by means of a suction box. In addition, with the drainage of a felt and the fiber losses are reduced.
  • the nonwoven material web in the belt press is preferably acted upon simultaneously by a drying fluid
  • all wound around the roller of the belt press (endless) belts for the drying fluid are made permeable or permeable.
  • At least one (endless) band wrapped around the drum of the belt press is permeable to water or adapted to receive water to absorb and / or accumulate the water produced by the mechanical press in the belt press to let pass.
  • an outer press belt of the belt press for example, an at least substantially smooth belt and preferably a smooth forming belt can be used.
  • a structured and / or perforated nonwoven fabric is to be produced by the method according to the invention, it is provided according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention that at least one (endless) belt of the belt press contacting the nonwoven material web is provided as a structured belt through which the nonwoven material web is structured and / or perforated accordingly.
  • the structured band may in particular be the transfer belt and / or outer press belt.
  • the (endless) bands of the belt press are suitably looped around the roller over the same angle of wrap.
  • the wrap angle of the inner band and / or outer press belt around the roller in a range of 90 ° to 180 ° and in particular in a Range of 100 ° to 120 ° is selected.
  • a retention time of the nonwoven material web required for sufficiently high and at the same time gentle, even dewatering is achieved in the press nip of the belt press.
  • the residence time of the nonwoven material web in the press nip at the same roll diameter and the same roll revolution speed is the greater the greater the wrap angle of the belts.
  • the diameter of the roller of the belt press in a range of 500 mm to 1400 mm and preferably in a range of 750 mm chosen up to 1200 mm. Since the pressure exerted on the nonwoven web in the belt press depends, inter alia, on the wrap angle of the (endless) belts and on the diameter of the roller of the belt press, such a relatively large diameter results in a relatively long press nip and a correspondingly efficient drainage due to the longer ones Dwell time of the nonwoven material web in the press nip. In principle, the greater the diameter of the roll, the greater the residence time of the nonwoven material web in the press nip at the same wrap angle of the belts and the same roll revolution speed.
  • the nonwoven material web can be guided through an additional dewatering press between the belt press and the thermal drying device.
  • a line force in a range of 20 kN / m to 100 kN / m, and more preferably a line force in a range of 50 kN / m to 90 kN / m is preferably produced to provide a gentle and uniform, but nevertheless to achieve strong drainage.
  • the transfer belt in a closed train from the former to the belt press and preferably up to the thermal drying device.
  • the transfer of the nonwoven material web from the former to the belt press or up to this downstream thermal drying device can be carried out exclusively via the one transfer belt.
  • the web formation also takes place in the former on this one transfer belt.
  • the transfer belt thus also serves as a forming screen.
  • solidification of the nonwoven fabric which in particular may comprise hydroentanglement, preferably takes place on this transfer fabric. If the nonwoven material web in closed Train is at least led to the belt press, so a water jet hardening may also be omitted.
  • the nonwoven can also have a relatively low consistency on a smooth forming fabric or a structured forming fabric that structurally and / or perforates the nonwoven, preferably on the transfer ribbon, with a solids content of 0.01 to 0.1 Wt .-% based on 100 wt .-% of the resulting web are formed.
  • the nonwoven fabric can be formed in the former by any method known to those skilled in the art, preferably by a dry method, wet method and / or an extrusion method.
  • the nonwoven may be formed in the former at least partially by a wet process, in which the fibers are in particular suspended in water and deposited on a water-permeable support.
  • the nonwoven in the former can also be aerodynamically formed at least partially.
  • the fleece is formed by depositing fibers by means of an air flow on an air-permeable base.
  • the nonwoven in the former can also be formed at least partially mechanically.
  • it can be formed at least partially from carding or carding removed flores, which are superposed, or formed by carding machines.
  • the nonwoven may be at least partially formed by the so-called spunbond method in which the nonwoven by depositing fibers spun from a polymer melt passing through nozzles and drawn by means of cold air and / or mechanically drawn.
  • the nonwoven in the former can finally be formed at least partially by the so-called melt-blow process.
  • the nonwoven fabric is formed by depositing fibers which are directly spun from a polymer melt passing through nozzles and drawn to rupture by means of hot air streams.
  • the nonwoven fabric may be formed in the former not only by one of the aforementioned methods but also, in particular, by any combination of two or more of said methods.
  • the formed nonwoven can then be solidified into a nonwoven material web, for example, by a hydroentanglement process.
  • the formed web is consolidated by entanglement of fibers to the nonwoven web which is accomplished by tumbling, in particular by the action of focused high pressure water jets on the web.
  • the fleece can be simultaneously structured and / or perforated by the application of water jet.
  • a hydroentanglement is not mandatory and may be omitted in particular when the nonwoven fibrous web is transferred in a closed train, such as by a single transfer belt, at least up to the belt press.
  • the nonwoven material web is guided over this transfer belt at least to the belt press and through its extended press nip, which is preferred is, it is ensured that the respective structure or Peroration remains unchanged.
  • the material input into the former can i) at least partially from natural fibers, preferably from northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), pulp from abaca fibers or cotton, ii) at least partially from artificial fibers, preferably from viscose, iii) at least partially made of synthetic fibers, preferably of polyester or polyamide, iv) at least partially made of mineral fibers, preferably glass fibers, v) at least partially made of carbon fibers and / or vi) consist of a mixture of any of the aforementioned substances.
  • natural fibers preferably from northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), pulp from abaca fibers or cotton
  • artificial fibers preferably from viscose
  • iii) at least partially made of synthetic fibers preferably of polyester or polyamide
  • iv) at least partially made of mineral fibers, preferably glass fibers v) at least partially made of carbon fibers and / or vi) consist of
  • the substance entry into the former can advantageously at least partially consist of fibers which are longer than 2 mm, preferably longer than 3 mm and particularly preferably longer than 4 mm.
  • the substance entry into the former may in particular also comprise wood-containing fibrous material and / or short fibers.
  • short fibers natural fibers which have an average length of 400 to 100 mm, but always longer than 1 cm.
  • the nonwoven material web is produced with a weight per unit area in the range from 10 g / m 2 to 1200 g / m 2 .
  • the nonwoven fabric can still be thermally and / or chemically solidified, if this requires the subsequent use of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the (endless) bands of the belt press are designed as compared to drying fluid and preferably against air and / or water vapor permeable (endless) bands that simultaneously with the pressing of the nonwoven material web against the roll or simultaneously with the mechanical pressurization of the nonwoven web by the belt press, preferably by a pressure differential between the roller and the outer press belt, a drying fluid can be flowed through the permeable (endless) belts and the nonwoven web.
  • At least one (endless) band wrapped around the drum of the belt press is permeable to water or adapted to receive water to absorb and / or accumulate the water produced by the mechanical press in the belt press to let pass.
  • the in the FIG. 1 purely schematically illustrated device 60 for producing a nonwoven fabric comprises a with the reference numeral 28 only indicated shaper for forming a nonwoven and a belt press 34 for further Dewatering of the nonwoven web 52 resulting from the formed web.
  • the web is formed in the former 28 by a web forming process or any combination of various such processes. It may be formed in particular by a dry process, a wet process and / or an extrusion process.
  • the formed web is, for example, by means of at least one, e.g. with two solidification devices 18, 20, which preferably operate according to the hydroentanglement method and here comprise, for example, two nozzles each.
  • a hydroentangling apparatus is not mandatory in every case.
  • the consolidated nonwoven web 52 is then further dewatered.
  • the belt press 34 comprises a roller 36, around which at least one inner band 40 resting against the roller 36 and an outer press belt 42 are looped, resulting in an extended web direction L in the press nip 12.
  • the nonwoven material web 52 is guided at least together with the inner band 40, the transfer belt 10 and the outer press belt 42 between them lying through the extended press nip 12 of the belt press 34.
  • the press belt 42 is pressed against the roller 36 with a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m.
  • the web is formed in the former 28 on a continuous, endless transfer belt 10, and the resulting nonwoven web 52 is passed through this transfer belt 10 at least to the belt press 34 and through its extended press nip 12, and preferably led to a reference numeral 46 only indicated thermal drying device.
  • the formed nonwoven together with the transfer belt 10 can, for example, pass through two solidification devices 18, 20.
  • the first hardening device 18, viewed in the web running direction L, serves for a preconsolidation and the subsequent second hardening device 20 serves for a post-consolidation of the web.
  • Both the pre-consolidation and the post-solidification takes place on the transfer belt 10, through which the solidified nonwoven material web 52 then at least to the belt press 34 and together with the bands 40, 42 through the extended press nip 12 and then preferably further to the thermal Drying device 46 is guided.
  • this thermal drying device may in particular comprise a TAD ("through air drying") or air drying device.
  • TAD through air drying
  • air drying device no more than one such TAD or air drying device is provided with preferably only one TAD cylinder.
  • the belts 40, 42 of the belt press 34 and the transfer belt 10 are preferably designed as drying fluid and preferably against air and / or water vapor permeable belts 40, 42, 10 so that simultaneously with the pressing of the nonwoven material web 52 against the roller 36th by a pressure difference between the roller 36 and the outer press belt 42, a drying fluid through the permeable belts 40, 42, the transfer belt 10 and the nonwoven material web 52 can flow.
  • the roller 36 of the belt press 34 is designed for dispensing or receiving the drying fluid with an open surface
  • At least one endless belt 40, 42 looped around the drum of the belt press is permeable to water or adapted to receive water to absorb the water generated by the mechanical pressing occurring in the belt press 34 and / / or to be allowed to pass.
  • the belt press 34 may be configured such that the nonwoven web 52 is separated in its extended nip 12 via the drying fluid and / or separated therefrom, e.g. is applied via the roller 36 and / or one of the guided through the extended press nip 12 tapes, with heat.
  • the circulating endless outer press belt 42 and the circulating endless transfer belt 10 - another circulating endless belt 50 passed through the extended press nip 12 of the belt press 34.
  • this further circulating belt 50 comes to rest in the press nip 12 between the transfer belt 10 and the outer press belt 42.
  • the nonwoven fabric web 52 guided on the transfer belt 10 into and through the press nip 12 is guided by the press nip 12 between the transfer belt 10 and the inner belt 40.
  • the nonwoven material web 52 is guided together with one and the same transfer belt 10 in a closed train from the former 28, optionally through the solidification devices 18, 20, through the belt press 34 and finally to the thermal drying device 46.
  • the outer circumferential endless belt 42 of the belt press 34 serving as a press belt is for generating a mechanical pressure on the between the two Endless belts 40, 42 lying nonwoven fabric web with a belt tension of at least 15 kN / m stretched around the roller 36 and pressed to this roller 36.
  • this press belt 42 the nonwoven material web 52, the transfer belt 10 and the roller 36 touching inner endless belt 40 are pressed against the roller 36.
  • the endless belts 40, 42, the transfer belt 10, the further belt 50 and the nonwoven material web 52 it is preferred to press a drying fluid through the endless belts 40, 42, the transfer belt 10, the further belt 50 and the nonwoven material web 52, simultaneously with the mechanical pressurization of the nonwoven material web 52 by the press belt 42 of the belt press 34 by making a pressure difference between the roller 36 and the outer press belt 42.
  • the endless belts 40, 42 and the transfer belt 10 and the other endless belt 50 in the present case for the drying fluid permeable, ie permeable to the drying fluid.
  • air or water vapor can be used as the drying fluid, it being possible to use air at ambient temperature or also hot air as the drying air.
  • the roller 36 of the belt press 34 can be designed in particular as a suction roll or as a blow roll.
  • a suction roll the drying fluid from a drying fluid hood is sucked into the suction roll at least through the permeable outer endless belt 42, the transfer belt 10, the nonwoven web and the permeable inner endless belt 40.
  • the drying fluid is blown from the blow roll at least through the permeable inner endless belt 40, the transfer belt 10, the nonwoven web and the permeable outer endless belt 42 into the hood.
  • the endless belts 40, 42, 50 wrapping the roller 36 of the belt press 34 comprise at least one felt belt and / or at least one fabric belt.
  • the roller 36 of the belt press 34 looping inner endless belt 40 may be provided a felt belt.
  • an outer endless belt 42 of the belt press 34 for example, an at least substantially smooth belt, in particular smooth forming belt, can be used.
  • At least one endless belt 40, 42 of the belt press 34 contacting the nonwoven material web is designed as a structured belt, by means of which the nonwoven material web is structured and / or perforated accordingly.
  • the endless belts 40, 42, 50 of the belt press can in particular be wound around the roller 36 over the same angle of wrap.
  • the nonwoven material web 56 can be dried in particular to the final dry content.
  • the non-woven material having a solids content of in particular 0.01 to 0.1% can be formed on a smooth forming fabric or a structured forming fabric which structurally and / or perforates the nonwoven, preferably on the transfer tape 10.
  • the nonwoven can also be structured and / or perforated at the same time by the optionally provided hardening device 18, 20, which operates in particular according to the hydroentanglement method.
  • a hydroentanglement device 18, 20 is therefore particularly in such Cases preferred in which the nonwoven or the nonwoven material web 52 is additionally structured and / or perforated.
  • the furnish in the former 28 may be i) at least partially made from natural fibers, such as northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), abaca fiber pulp, cotton or the like, ii) at least partially from man-made fibers, such as Viscous or the like, iii) at least partially made of synthetic fibers, in particular of polyester, polyamide or the like, iv) at least partially of mineral fibers, in particular glass fibers or the like, v) at least partly of carbon fibers and / or vi) of a mixture of any of the aforementioned substances.
  • natural fibers such as northern bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood pulp (LBKP), abaca fiber pulp, cotton or the like
  • man-made fibers such as Viscous or the like
  • synthetic fibers in particular of polyester, polyamide or the like
  • mineral fibers in particular glass fibers or the like
  • the substance entry into the former 28 at least partially consists of fibers which are longer than 2 mm, preferably longer than 3 mm and particularly preferably longer than 4 mm.
  • hydroentanglement is not mandatory. However, it can be provided in particular in the case that the nonwoven material web 52 is additionally structured and / or perforated. Such structuring or perforation can take place, inter alia, via the solidifying devices 18, 20 operating according to the hydroentanglement method.
  • the belt press 34 may also be provided with at least one structural band structuring and / or perforating the nonwoven material web 52, which is accordingly looped around the roller 36 again. In particular, it can perform the transfer belt 10 as the nonwoven material web 52 structuring and / or perforating structure band.
  • the nonwoven on one and the same simultaneously serving as a forming fabric transfer belt 10 and formed by the belt press 34th through as well as to the thermal drying device 46, results in an overall extremely compact design.
  • the thermal drying device 46 preferably comprises no more than one TAD or air drying device, preferably with only one TAD drying cylinder.
  • the diameter of such a TAD drying cylinder is preferably less than 4 m, preferably less than 3.5 m and particularly preferably less than 3 m.
  • a respective preconsolidation may, if appropriate, take place in the region of a solidification cylinder 16 looped by the transfer belt 10 and / or directly on the transfer belt 10 in a region without consolidation cylinder, as illustrated by the solidification device 18.
  • the post consolidation as shown by the solidification device 20, takes place directly on the transfer belt 10 in a region without solidification cylinder.
  • Pre-consolidation is not always required. In certain cases, pre-consolidation without post consolidation may be sufficient.
  • a dewatering device for the mechanical dewatering of the nonwoven material web 52 over the structured transfer belt 10 can be provided, in particular, between the last hardening device 20 in the web running direction L and the belt press 34.
  • a line force in a range of 20 kN / m to 100 kN / m and preferably a line force in a range of 50 kN / m to 90 kN / m can be generated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé pour fabriquer un non-tissé, dans lequel on forme un voile dans une section de formage (28) et on essore ensuite encore la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) ainsi obtenue, dans lequel l'essorage complémentaire de la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) comprend l'essorage au moyen d'une presse à bandes (34), qui comprend un rouleau (36) autour duquel au moins une bande intérieure (40) appliquée sur le rouleau (36) et une bande de presse extérieure (42) sont enroulées, dans lequel on dispose la bande de matériau non-tissé (25) au moins dans la région du rouleau (36) entre la bande intérieure (40) et la bande de presse extérieure (42), dans lequel on presse la bande de presse (42) avec une contrainte de bande d'au moins 15 kN/m sur le rouleau (36) et on presse ainsi la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) et la bande intérieure (40) contre le rouleau (36), et dans lequel on forme le voile dans la section de formage (28) sur une bande de transfert en circulation (10) et on guide la bande de matériau non-tissé ainsi obtenue (52) au moyen de cette bande de transfert (10) au moins jusqu'à la presse à bandes (34) et à travers l'emprise (12) de celle-ci, caractérisé en ce que l'on consolide le voile formé sur la bande de transfert (10), avant qu'il soit transféré à la presse à bandes (34), dans lequel la consolidation du voile formé comprend de préférence une consolidation selon le procédé de consolidation à jets d'eau.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on guide la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) en aval de la presse à bandes (34) à travers un dispositif de séchage thermique (46), de préférence à travers un dispositif TAD ("through air drying") ou un dispositif de séchage à l'air.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en l'on n'utilise comme dispositif de séchage thermique (46) pas plus d'un dispositif TAD ou de séchage à l'air avec de préférence seulement un cylindre de séchage TAD.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre du cylindre de séchage TAD est inférieur à 4 m, de préférence inférieur à 3,5 m et de préférence encore inférieur à 3 m.
  5. Procédé selon au moins une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on guide la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) au moyen de la bande de transfert (10) au-delà de la presse à bandes (34) jusqu'au dispositif de séchage thermique (46) et à travers celui-ci.
  6. Procédé selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme bandes (40, 42, 10) de la presse à bandes (34) des bandes (40, 42, 10) perméables par rapport au fluide de séchage et de préférence par rapport à l'air et/ou à la vapeur d'eau et en même temps que le pressage de la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) contre le rouleau (36) on presse un fluide de séchage à travers les bandes perméables (40, 42), la bande de transfert (10) et la bande de matériau non-tissé (52), notamment de préférence en produisant une différence de pression correspondante entre le rouleau (36) et la bande de presse extérieure (42), dans lequel le rouleau (36) de la presse à bandes (34) est réalisé avec une surface ouverte pour la cession ou la captation du fluide de séchage.
  7. Procédé selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme bande de transfert (10) une bande plate ou une bande structurant et/ou perforant de façon correspondante la bande de matériau non-tissé (52).
  8. Dispositif (60) pour fabriquer un non-tissé, en particulier pour exécuter le procédé selon au moins une des revendications précédentes, avec une section de formage (28) pour la formation d'un voile ainsi qu'avec une presse à bandes (34) pour l'essorage complémentaire de la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) provenant du voile formé, dans lequel la presse à bandes (34) comprend un rouleau (36), autour duquel au moins une bande intérieure (40) appliquée sur le rouleau (36) et une bande de presse extérieure (42) sont enroulées, la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) peut être ou de préférence est disposée au moins dans la région du rouleau (36) entre la bande intérieure (40) et la bande de presse (42), la bande de presse (42) peut être et de préférence est pressée sur le rouleau (36) avec une contrainte de bande d'au moins 15 kN/m, et le voile est formé dans la section de formage (28) sur une bande de transfert en circulation (10) et la bande de matériau non-tissé ainsi obtenue (52) est guidée par cette bande de transfert (10) au moins jusqu'à la presse à bandes (34) et à travers l'emprise (12) de celle-ci, caractérisé en ce que le voile formé traverse avec la bande de transfert (10) au moins un dispositif de consolidation (18, 20), dans lequel il est consolidé sur la bande de transfert (10), avant d'être transféré à la presse à bandes (34), dans lequel ledit au moins un dispositif de consolidation (18, 20) comprend de préférence un dispositif de consolidation à jets d'eau.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) est guidée en aval de la presse à bandes (34) à travers un dispositif de séchage thermique (46), de préférence à travers un dispositif TAD ("through air drying") ou un dispositif de séchage à l'air.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de séchage thermique (46) ne comprend pas plus d'un dispositif TAD ou de séchage à l'air avec de préférence seulement un cylindre de séchage TAD.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre du cylindre de séchage TAD est inférieur à 4 m, de préférence inférieur à 3,5 m et de préférence encore inférieur à 3 m.
  12. Dispositif selon au moins une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) est guidée par la bande de transfert (10) au-delà de la presse à bandes (34) jusqu'au dispositif de séchage thermique (46) et à travers celui-ci.
  13. Dispositif selon au moins une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les bandes (40, 42, 10) de la presse à bandes (34) sont réalisées en forme de bandes (10, 40, 42) perméables par rapport au fluide de séchage et de préférence par rapport à l'air et/ou à la vapeur d'eau, de telle manière qu'en même temps que le pressage de la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) contre le rouleau (36) un fluide de séchage puisse s'écouler à travers les bandes perméables (40, 42), la bande de transfert (10) et la bande de matériau non-tissé (52) en raison d'une différence de pression entre le rouleau (36) et la bande de presse extérieure (42), dans lequel le rouleau (36) de la presse à bandes (34) est réalisé avec une surface ouverte pour la cession ou la captation du fluide de séchage.
EP14734031.9A 2013-07-04 2014-06-17 Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer un non-tissé Active EP3017105B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013213070 2013-07-04
PCT/EP2014/062620 WO2015000686A1 (fr) 2013-07-04 2014-06-17 Procédé et dispositif permettant de produire un non-tissé

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EP3017105B1 true EP3017105B1 (fr) 2017-08-02

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CN106996054A (zh) * 2017-03-22 2017-08-01 仙鹤股份有限公司 一种木浆水刺复合无纺布用纸的生产方法
CN109112725A (zh) * 2018-10-17 2019-01-01 广州市汉氏卫生用品有限公司 水刺无纺布及其制备方法
CN110616509B (zh) * 2019-09-27 2022-01-21 俊富非织造材料(肇庆)有限公司 一种用于弹簧包布的新型纺粘水刺无纺布及其制备方法
CN112251917A (zh) * 2020-11-02 2021-01-22 黄淑珠 一种纺织无纺布生产设备

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AU2003230277A1 (en) * 2002-05-08 2003-11-11 Polymer Group, Inc. Nonwoven fabrics having intercalated three-dimensional images
US20070018364A1 (en) 2005-07-20 2007-01-25 Pierre Riviere Modification of nonwovens in intelligent nips
DE102005036891A1 (de) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-08 Voith Patent Gmbh Maschine zur Herstellung von Tissuepapier
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US7550061B2 (en) * 2006-04-28 2009-06-23 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Dewatering tissue press fabric for an ATMOS system and press section of a paper machine using the dewatering fabric
DE102006042507A1 (de) * 2006-09-07 2008-03-27 Andritz Küsters GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung einer ein Vlies umfassenden Warenbahn
EP1961849A1 (fr) * 2007-02-22 2008-08-27 ALBIS Spa Nappe de spunbond pré-consolidé, composite non tissé comprenant cette nappe, procédé et système continu de production de ce composite
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WO2015000686A1 (fr) 2015-01-08
CN105452553B (zh) 2018-09-25
CN105452553A (zh) 2016-03-30
EP3017105A1 (fr) 2016-05-11

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