EP3012394B1 - Machine de travail equipee d'une cabine - Google Patents

Machine de travail equipee d'une cabine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3012394B1
EP3012394B1 EP15191102.1A EP15191102A EP3012394B1 EP 3012394 B1 EP3012394 B1 EP 3012394B1 EP 15191102 A EP15191102 A EP 15191102A EP 3012394 B1 EP3012394 B1 EP 3012394B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door
hinge
cabin
frame
frame part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15191102.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3012394A1 (fr
Inventor
Robert Kollmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Werk Bischofshofen GmbH
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Liebherr Werk Bischofshofen GmbH
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Publication of EP3012394A1 publication Critical patent/EP3012394A1/fr
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Publication of EP3012394B1 publication Critical patent/EP3012394B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
    • E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
    • E05F1/12—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs
    • E05F1/1207—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs with a coil spring parallel with the pivot axis
    • E05F1/1223—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by springs with a coil spring parallel with the pivot axis with a compression or traction spring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/0054—Covers, e.g. for protection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/02—Lubricating arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/02—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass gravity-actuated, e.g. by use of counterweights
    • E05F1/04—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass gravity-actuated, e.g. by use of counterweights for wings which lift during movement, operated by their own weight
    • E05F1/06—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by the weight of the wing
    • E05F1/061—Mechanisms in the shape of hinges or pivots, operated by the weight of the wing with cams or helical tracks
    • E05F1/066—Helical grooves, slots, threads or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/0054—Covers, e.g. for protection
    • E05D2011/0072—Covers, e.g. for protection for the gap between hinge parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/518—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles for working vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a working machine, in particular a wheel loader, with at least one cabin, which has a cabin door which is pivotally arranged on the cabin frame by means of a hinge arrangement, the hinge arrangement being a frame part which is arranged on the cabin frame and a part which is rotatable relative to the frame part Door part which is arranged on the cabin door.
  • Working machines for example excavators with an uppercarriage and undercarriage and, for example, wheel loaders with a front and rear carriage, are known from the prior art, with these working machines usually having a driver's cab suspended on the undercarriage, upper or front or rear carriage.
  • the cabin is usually manufactured in a rounded, cuboid shape, from a combination of tubular frame structures and surface elements, in particular sheet metal, in an intelligent composite combination, which on the one hand provides the driver with safety in the event of danger in accordance with the requirements of the ROPS (Roll-Over Protection Structure ) - Test and on the other hand offers a maximized field of view for a detection of the machine environment by means of transparent pane materials.
  • ROPS Roll-Over Protection Structure
  • access to the cab of the working machine is via an ascent, which can lead upwards over several meters and is usually carried out via stairs and ladders, with handles and handrails attached to the ascent to safely reach the access area.
  • an access platform that ensures that the respective cabin door can be opened and closed safely, i.e. that the person in question can safely position himself outside the opening area of the cabin door and ensures that the machine operator can comfortably enter and exit the cabin.
  • the cabin door is either rotatable, slidable or foldable.
  • the weight of the door is introduced indirectly via, for example, hinges into the cabin, beams, plates and / or column structure.
  • the door can be designed to be movable inside or outside the cabin. The movement can be accomplished via rails / guides and / or rollers or via hinges and combinations thereof.
  • Cabin doors for driven machines with hinges are only moved in the horizontal or vertical direction.
  • door systems are also known that have an inclined rotary plane due to the shape of the cabin frame. In combination with the hinge linkage, this causes the door rotation axis to tilt.
  • the right-angled hinge due to the inclined axis of the door rotation, results in an opening behavior that is inclined upward in the opening process in some areas of the door width, but without the hinge itself performing a vertical stroke.
  • the FR 370 331 A relates to a door hinge mechanism which causes a lifting movement on the outside thereof by means of a groove. If the door is closed, the potential energy and the corresponding groove shape cause the door to close.
  • the disadvantages of this arrangement are that the respective grooves are exposed to high levels of corrosion and icing, protected from the weather, and the entire door weight has to be raised without spring support. By executing two identical hinges in one axis, it can be too Tensions occur, which in the worst case lead to the destruction of the groove / slide pin by the large door lever.
  • the DE 21 30 291 A relates to a door hinge formation for executing a door lifting movement for a building interior, the lifting movement being carried out via a sliding surface which, due to the geometry, is exposed to a point load and can therefore wear heavily.
  • Another disadvantage is the possibility of water entering the hinge from the outside.
  • the US 2009/0241289 A1 shows a hinge mechanism for building doors with automatic door return, without causing a defined lifting of the bottom edge of the door.
  • a lifting mechanism is activated inside the hinge, which, however, does not have the task of causing the lower edge of the door to move vertically, but rather to achieve a defined opening and closing behavior of the door, taking into account the torsion spring forces.
  • a hinge for the door of a crawler excavator which, in addition to the rotational movement, enables a synchronous linear movement of the door.
  • a similar hinge arrangement is from the US 2013/0180177 A1 known that allows a minimal door stroke during the opening movement by means of an external toothing.
  • the CH296605 opens a door bracket A which, in addition to a rotational movement, also enables vertical movement of the door element.
  • the present invention is based on the object of developing a work machine in such a way that its hinge arrangement, by means of which the cabin door is articulated, enables easy entry and exit and overcoming obstacles, such as a fender, without making structural changes to the work machine required are.
  • a bolt is provided in the frame part or in the door part and a receptacle for the bolt is provided in the other of the parts (door part or frame part), the receptacle being designed, at least in sections, such that a movement of the door part to the frame part also a vertical movement of the door part is connected relative to the frame part and the receptacle has different pitch heights.
  • bolt used in the context of the present invention encompasses any projection that can be accommodated in a receptacle. It can be a bolt in the narrower sense, a ball or a spherical section, etc.
  • receptacle encompasses any receptacle in which a bolt can be slidably received in the sense of the invention. It can be, for example, a groove with or without a groove base.
  • the hinge arrangement according to the invention thus enables the cabin door to be specifically raised when it is opened, a variable change in the door stroke being achieved with the angle of rotation of the door due to the different aisle heights, i.e. that not every change in the opening angle of the door results in the same stroke of the door.
  • frame part is to be understood as the part of the hinge arrangement which is directly or indirectly connected to the cabin frame.
  • door part is to be understood as the part of the hinge arrangement which is directly or indirectly connected to the cabin door.
  • Carbin frame is to be understood to mean any part of the cabin other than the door, such as, for example, bars, frame elements, columns, supports, etc. The term is therefore not restricted to a frame in the narrower sense.
  • the present invention enables variable bridging of obstacles in the door opening area.
  • the variable opening characteristic can preferably be selected.
  • the door (s) do not protrude beyond the vehicle width in the open final state, as well as in the closed state, so they do not protrude beyond the working machine and therefore do not pose any risk of injury to persons outside and damage caused by or on adjacent objects, for example vehicles as well as buildings.
  • the seals are essentially only subjected to pressure and not to shear by opening and closing the door (s), which leads to a higher rate Life of the seal leads to less energy consumption of the blower or the air conditioning system implemented in the cabin and the noise development by "whistling of the seals" is prevented.
  • This invention is preferably applicable for all types of construction machines, for example wheel loaders, excavators, dump trucks, graders, rollers, stackers, pushers or crawler loaders and tractors, but are not limited to these embodiments.
  • the opening mechanism causes a variable vertical offset of the entire door in the vertical direction, due to the hinge arrangement.
  • obstacles lying in the opening area of the door for example attachments, fenders in the pivoting area can be bridged in contrast to a door that can only be opened horizontally, thereby preventing the door from projecting beyond the working machine width when the door is fully opened.
  • the hinge arrangement preferably enables any vertical offset to be obtained in the opening or closing case and also to display any opening characteristic, for example a variable opening profile. The only limiting factor is the maximum possible height offset.
  • the inner hinge part and the outer hinge part are the frame part or the door part of the hinge arrangement.
  • the door part surrounds the frame part of the hinge arrangement and the frame part and the door part of the hinge arrangement are designed as cylindrical hollow bodies.
  • the frame part and the door part are designed such that the movement of the cabin door at the beginning of the opening process consists only or essentially only of a horizontal component and / or that there is a seal between the cabin door and the door opening of the cabin.
  • the frame part and the door part are designed in such a way that the movement of the cabin door starting from the closed cabin door from a movement without or with a first vertical component, then from a movement with a second vertical component and then thereafter consists of a movement without or with a third vertical component, the second vertical component per angle of rotation of the cabin door being greater than the first and third vertical components. It is possible to achieve such kinematics by appropriate selection of the components of the hinge arrangement and, if necessary, to change them as required.
  • a carrying and fastening element can be provided which fully or partially bears the weight of the cabin door in its fully opened state.
  • a holding element in particular at least one angle profile, is arranged on the cabin frame and supports the frame part of the hinge arrangement. It is conceivable that the frame part of the hinge arrangement is firmly or non-positively connected to the lower holder element and preferably to a centering piece arranged on the holding element.
  • the bolt can protrude radially inwards or outwards from the frame part or from the door part of the hinge arrangement.
  • the hinge arrangement can have a hinge intermediate part which is preferably designed as a hollow body.
  • This can include the receptacle, the receptacle passing through the wall of the intermediate hinge part or being arranged only on the inside thereof, it preferably being provided that the receptacle extends into an end region of the intermediate hinge part and extends there preferably in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate hinge part.
  • the intermediate hinge part preferably surrounds the hinge inner part.
  • the hinge arrangement By extending the receptacle to the end, preferably to the lower edge of the intermediate hinge part, it is possible to insert the intermediate hinge part on the guides and simply move it vertically by introducing the inner hinge part with external ball or other guides, the hinge arrangement preferably being designed in this way that this, for example, lower assembly / maintenance aisle area, which is vertical, ie longitudinal extends recording, is not passed through in the opening and closing operation of the door.
  • An intermediate space can be arranged between the door part and the frame part of the hinge arrangement or between the several parts of the door part or the frame part, which is filled with a lubricant, the door part and / or the frame part of the hinge arrangement having a wiper which is arranged in such a way that that it prevents lubricant from escaping from the intermediate space.
  • the working machine has at least one bearing element between the door part and the frame part or between the several parts of the door part or the frame part, which has the task of opposing the opening movement of the cabin door and / or a correct alignment between the door part and Ensure frame part or between the several parts of the door part and the frame part.
  • the vertical movement of the cabin door caused by the hinge arrangement from its closed position to the fully open position is larger than the outside diameter of the frame part and / or the door part.
  • the vertical relative movement of the door part to the frame part is carried out such that the ratio of the diameter (D1) of the frame part to the lifting height H is 0.255 with a fluctuation range of +/- 10%, in particular a fluctuation range of +/- 20%.
  • a plurality of hinge arrangements are fastened to the door, in particular in the upper and lower regions or in two regions spaced apart from one another, the hinge arrangement in the lower or upper region as a rotary lifting hinge according to the invention and the further Hinge arrangement is designed to slide and without the lifting function according to the invention.
  • the further hinge arrangement is preferably constructed in such a way that it comprises a mounting element attached to the cabin, in particular at least one angle profile, which carries the frame part of the hinge arrangement, the frame part of the hinge arrangement being fixed or non-positively to the bottom bracket element and preferably being arranged on the mounting element Centering piece is connected and in an overlap area between the centering piece and the hinge inner part is connected to the hinge inner part in a fixed or non-positive manner, the door part sliding in vertical movement relative to the hinge outer part.
  • the door is preferably fastened to the hinge outer part via a mounting element.
  • a holding device can be provided, which is designed such that it fixes the cabin door in a fully open position, wherein it is preferably provided that the holding device can be actuated by a user located in the cabin.
  • the hinge arrangement has a lifting element, in the form of a gas pressure spring, which exerts a force acting in the vertical direction of movement of the cabin door on the cabin door itself and / or on a part of the hinge arrangement connected to it, in order to support the lifting movement of the cabin door.
  • a lifting element in the form of a gas pressure spring, which exerts a force acting in the vertical direction of movement of the cabin door on the cabin door itself and / or on a part of the hinge arrangement connected to it, in order to support the lifting movement of the cabin door.
  • the frame part and / or the door part of the hinge arrangement can be made in several parts and at least one limiting means can be provided which limits the relative movement of the several parts to one another. It is conceivable that the limiting means are formed by a pin and a groove, the pin running in the groove and the stop being formed by the end of the groove. Overall, a lock can be realized for the door.
  • the hinge formation comprises an angle part towards the cabin frame, a rotating part or centering piece as a guide placed thereon, usually connected to the angle part, one fixed to the angle part attached hinge inner part, which rests on the rotating part or centering piece, projecting upwards, and with at least one radially spaced bolt, which is fixedly fastened in the inner hinge part and a hinge outer part located in the immediate vicinity, with a built-in gear that at least partially into the radial engages spaced bolts of the inner part and causes a guidance of the hinge inner part and outer hinge part.
  • the centering piece and the inner hinge part can overlap with one another and can also be secured relative to one another in this overlap area by a horizontal bore and the use of a locking pin.
  • centering piece and the inner hinge part are formed in one piece or are fixed or detachable and preferably non-positively connected to one another.
  • a lifting element in the form of a gas spring which facilitates the lifting movement of the door, can be located inside the hinge inner part adjacent to the angle part and the outer hinge part.
  • the spring can be mounted in such a way that it can absorb a rotary movement without torsion.
  • the door is fastened, for example, to the outer hinge part and receives the lifting and rotating movement.
  • the respective opening characteristic can be determined by a horizontal movement means, for example in the first section of the door opening.
  • the horizontal movement means can be the two (or more) parts of the frame part or the door part of the hinge arrangement. These are preferably arranged with respect to one another over a certain angle of rotation so that there is no lifting movement of a hinge element and thus of the door.
  • the Opening characteristics by means of a screw etc. for example by means of a lifting spindle of conventional design, increased or only provide for the lifting movement of the door.
  • the present invention further relates to a method having the features of claim 14.
  • the connecting element can be connected to the centering piece and / or the inner hinge part can be connected to the centering piece by a force fit. It is also conceivable for the centering piece to be connected in one piece to the mounting element and / or to the inner hinge part.
  • the present invention comprises hinge arrangements with at least one frame part and with at least one door part that can be moved relative thereto, wherein the door part and / or the frame part can be made in one or more parts.
  • at least one intermediate hinge part can be provided, which forms part of the door part or the frame part.
  • the protrusion (s) and / or the at least one receptacle can be arranged in each of the aforementioned parts.
  • Figure 1 shows a wheel loader 1 with the ascent 6, the side platform 10, the side aisle 9, the bridging element or fender 3 and the cabin 2 according to the invention with the cabin column 11, the height element (ie the hinge arrangement) 8 and with the cabin door 7.
  • the reference numerals 4 and 5 indicate the front and rear of the wheel loader 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of the cabin 20, 40 with the door arrangement according to the invention with the door 21 and Figure 3 with the door 31 open.
  • the car door 21, 42 with the pane 41 is reached via the ascent 29, 44 and is opened by the door opening mechanism or door handle 22, 50.
  • the ascent 33 can then be used to enter the cabin.
  • the cabin door 21, 42 is transparent in the upper area.
  • the door is also known as the A-pillar on the struts 23, 46 and the strut 25 is known as the B-pillar, and is delimited in the floor and upper areas by the cabin frame 58.
  • the cabin door is indirectly connected to the cabin frame via at least one height element 30, 31.
  • the reference numeral 28, 43 denotes a bridging element, in particular a wheel arch.
  • This height element consists at least of an angle part 27 on the cabin frame, an inner hinge part 26, 53 and an outer hinge part 24, 52 and a mounting element 32, 54 which is connected to the door.
  • the inner hinge part 26, 53 is connected to the cabin, i.e. designed as a cabin part according to the invention, and the hinge outer part 24, 52 connected to the door via 51, i.e. executed as a door part according to the invention.
  • the reverse arrangement is also conceivable and encompassed by the invention.
  • FIG 3 a view of the cabin with the door arrangement according to the invention is shown with the door fully open.
  • the height element ie the hinge arrangement in the fully extended state
  • the lock mechanism which is attached to the door, consists of a lock 56 with a lock engagement 49, one Locking latch or bolt 45 and an actuating lever 50 which can be actuated from the cabin interior when the door is closed, the lock being latched into the bolt when the door is closed.
  • actuating lever 50 which can be actuated from the cabin interior when the door is closed, the lock being latched into the bolt when the door is closed.
  • a fastening element 59 can be seen, which relieves the door weight.
  • This fastening element 59 consists of a fastening element attached to the door, which is firmly connected to the door, and a fastening element, which is firmly connected to the cabin frame.
  • the height element is relieved in the last section of the door opening by shaping the contact surfaces, for example as an inclined plane, and essentially the door weight is removed.
  • the arrangement of the fastening element 59 can be located, for example, in the side region of the cabin frame, but it is also possible to attach a fastening element 59 in all of the cabin frame regions. However, this can also be realized in the form of consoles, starting from the cabin frame, in which the door weight is removed via suitable support structures, for example in the middle of the door width, via the cabin frame.
  • this fastening element 59 cannot be attached to the bridging element 43, since the cabin moves through the cabin suspension relative to the bridging element 43.
  • a further snap-in element (not visible) is additionally provided, which holds the door (width B) in the fully open position - shown in a similar design as the lock and bolt, in this case attached to the B-pillar by the door.
  • the reference number 57 denotes the sealing contact area of the door seal 42
  • the reference number 48 denotes the critical height HY which the door must at least overcome
  • the reference number 47 the ascent platform
  • the reference number 55 the side aisle towards the engine compartment.
  • FIG. 4 An embodiment of a height element according to the invention or a hinge arrangement according to the invention is shown in longitudinal section.
  • the respective height element 70 represents the connection between the door and the cabin frame (connection 71). From the cabin frame, an angle part 72 is attached, which is designed in an L-shape and is connected to the cabin frame via a fastening element 73. It is expressly pointed out that connection options such as welding, riveting and gluing are included.
  • a centering element 76 is then connected upwards in a horizontal configuration here.
  • This centering element 76 has the task of aligning with the other components, such as the inner hinge part 75 (D1: outer diameter; D2: inner diameter).
  • This centering part as shown in this case, can be fitted inside the hinge inner part or also conceivably outside the hinge inner part and can also be made as one part with the angle part.
  • the adjacent inner hinge part is, for example, a tubular inner hinge part with a defined outer diameter D1. This inner hinge part is non-positively connected to the angle part.
  • the reference numeral 74 denotes an end stop of the door.
  • FIG. 4 shows another cutting plane in the upper region of the hinge inner part.
  • bolts 83 are incorporated into the respective hinge inner part, screwed in as an example, and braced laterally on the hinge inner part on the outside thereof with an enlarged area on the head side of the bolt.
  • two bolts are shown in the upper region, which are spaced apart in the radial direction from the inner hinge part and are firmly connected to the inner hinge part.
  • the bolts 83 are embedded in the respective intermediate part 80 (inner diameter D2) and are guided on the intermediate hinge part 80 and have a round shape.
  • a non-ferrous metal for example brass
  • a non-ferrous metal for example brass
  • the shape of the bolt is not limited to the shape shown and can, for example, be flattened, rounded, chamfered as a cuboid, cylinder or in any shape, and consist of several bolts that are listed as a chain.
  • the intermediate hinge part is shown by way of example in a tubular configuration with an intermediate space 88 adjacent to the inner hinge part.
  • the intermediate hinge part experiences a relative movement with respect to the bolt in the guide.
  • the intermediate hinge part thus serves as a frame part or door part of the hinge arrangement.
  • the gears or guides and their course are shown by way of example with the arrangement of the gears 92 (dashed lines), for example with two bolts in two course courses, the stroke characteristic being based on the Figures 5 and 6 is referred to and it is noted that in the concerned Figure 4 the spatial curvature and radii of the aisles in the intermediate hinge part were not taken into account.
  • care must be taken that the passages 92 are spaced apart sufficiently that the stability of the intermediate hinge part is ensured.
  • the course of the gears is described as an example for a hinge rotation angle of 180 °.
  • the defined spacing between the inner hinge part and the outer hinge part can be carried out via a bearing element 82 in order to bring about a defined spacing of the two parts.
  • the bearing element can be designed, for example, as a plastic bushing, which are non-positively applied to the hinge inner part in a groove without further measures, but they can also include any type of bearing, also of metallic shape, which can be applied, for example, to the outside of the hinge inner part.
  • a continuous lubricating film is generated by the relative movement of the seal 78, which is incorporated in the lower region of the intermediate hinge part 80, which is connected to the
  • the intermediate hinge part can, for example, be glued, vulcanized or connected in another common way.
  • the seal also prevents dirt from getting into the movement area of the height element, into the intermediate space 88, thereby producing stiffness and preventing lubrication.
  • the lubricant is either supplied once upon delivery or through lubrication points not shown, for example grease nipples.
  • hinge outer parts 81 and 85 Radially adjacent are the hinge outer parts 81 and 85, which are connected to one another and form a so-called hat, and are connected, for example, to the intermediate hinge part via the hinge outer part fastening.
  • This hat shape is that the guidance of the intermediate hinge part is protected against environmental influences and thus corrosion and abrasion of the guide and bolt can be largely avoided.
  • connection of the intermediate hinge part to the hinge outer parts is shown as an example, however, any type of connection can include any position. It is important that the intermediate hinge part and the hinge outer parts are non-positively connected to one another, since the holding element, which must reliably carry off the weight of the door via the relevant parts.
  • a spring element 77 which is intended to facilitate the lifting movement of the height element and to absorb a large part of the door weight.
  • This spring element is positioned in the intermediate space 89 and, depending on the configuration, is positioned between the angle element or centering part and the hinge outer part 85, whereby depending on the spring stiffness and spring dimensions, only a part of the relevant height can be used, for example via a centering part with an adjusted height.
  • the space 90 will increase or decrease in the course of the lifting and lowering process.
  • the spring lies in the area of the inner diameter D3 of the hinge inner part 75 in the space 89 on the side walls, in the area indicated above a spring centering element 87 is required, which is connected to the outer hinge part 85 and which at least projects into the hinge space and in the case of a stroke up to Maximum height HX ensures that the spring element does not bulge in the upper area and can support the opening and damping of the closing movement.
  • HX means the maximum height
  • the door stroke is the same as the hinge stroke.
  • the length of the spring centering element is shown here by way of example and can protrude into the intermediate space 89 and have a chamfer in the lower region towards the outside.
  • the spring can be constructed in such a way that rotary movements can be absorbed or the relative movements between the inner hinge part, intermediate part and / or outer part can be absorbed as a separate component by means of axial or radial bearings.
  • a spring centering element can be omitted or a centering can be incorporated into the hinge outer part.
  • the centering in the outer hinge part can be circular or annular.
  • the hinge inner part fastening and outer part fastening are identified by the reference numerals 84 and 86.
  • the reference number 79 denotes a mounting element.
  • 91 is the guide or the receptacle for the bolt in the intermediate part 80.
  • the inner hinge part as a screw, ie to design the tubular inner hinge part in question with incorporated guide channels.
  • the intermediate hinge part can be omitted and bolts are inserted radially inwards into the outer hinge part. It is therefore different from the Figure 4 the guide is fastened in the inner hinge part and the bolts in the outer hinge part.
  • the disadvantage of this arrangement is that in the extended state below the hinge outer part, the respective incorporated gears can be caused by premature wear of the guides and the bolts due to environmental influences.
  • the height difference can be accommodated on the outer hinge part with the angle part by means of a telescopic arrangement of displaceable rings and the exposed inner part of the hinge can be protected by abutment or fastening on the angle part.
  • This protective device of the inner hinge part can also be designed as a sleeve, similar to shock absorbers, with the disadvantage that the inner hinge part and the outer hinge part perform relative movements in the radial and vertical directions and therefore a compensation must be carried out, which must take the form of compensating rings and unscrewing areas , Stops can also be optionally installed that prevent the height element from over-rotating, for example at the end stop of the closed door, so as not to put excessive strain on the bolt and guide, as well as the lock and bolt.
  • FIG. 5 shows one of the Figure 4 deviating second hinge arrangement, which is arranged in the upper area between the cabin and the door (in Figure 3 , not shown).
  • the hinge arrangement according to Figure 5 differs from that in Figure 4 shown arrangement in that this hinge arrangement 70 can not perform active lifting movements, but only supporting the door movement stabilized. The rotation and lifting movement are stabilized by sliding the inner hinge part 75 or the bearing element 82. This eliminates the need for complex receptacles with gears or bolts for guiding along the inner hinge part 75.
  • end stop 74 and a bearing element 82 it is possible in suitable applications on the in Figure 4 and 5 illustrated end stop 74 and a bearing element 82.
  • Lubrication can take place for both figures in question, in an upper region 99, for example via grease nipples. Another arrangement of the lubrication points 99 in the entire outer area is conceivable.
  • the Figure 6 describes a stroke characteristic according to the embodiment Figure 4 , where the lifting height H and the opening angle W are plotted.
  • the completely closed cabin door is regarded as Start 104.
  • a first section V1 100 there is almost no stroke, but a horizontal movement is carried out.
  • the cabin seal ( Fig. 2 , Item 42) in the opening is only subjected to pressure.
  • the significant lifting movement of the height element takes place in a further section V2, 101.
  • a third section V3, 103 takes place similarly to the first section, predominantly horizontally, up to the fully opened door designated as end 105.
  • Figure 6a shows an embodiment of an intermediate hinge part 80 with a receptacle 92, wherein the intermediate hinge part 80 is designed as a hollow profile.
  • Bolt ( Fig. 4 , Pos. 83) are guided in the respective aisles 92, with the respective aisle sections, in this case a first almost horizontal, a second widespread vertical and a third almost horizontal section.
  • Several gears can run parallel over the circumference.
  • a connection of the intermediate hinge part 80 to the outer hinge part ( Fig. 5 , Item 85) is carried out via the relevant bores and connecting means 86.
  • a seal 78 on the inside which is mentioned above as a wiper.
  • the reception of the intermediate hinge part is designed as an opening through its wall, i.e. the recording has no groove bottom.
  • Figure 6b shows a further embodiment of an intermediate hinge part 80 as a hollow profile with a receptacle, differing from the Figure 6a the respective corridors or receptacles were continued downwards to ensure installation-friendly insertion in the event of assembly and revision.
  • the receptacle 92 extends only on the inside of the wall of the intermediate hinge part, i.e. is not carried out through the wall.
  • the intermediate hinge part 80 is simply screwed into the inner hinge part 75.
  • the gears of the intermediate hinge part 80 have been optimized to accommodate 92 balls.
  • balls are inserted into the inner hinge part 75 as counter-engagement.
  • To enter the balls in the hinge inner part To be able to perform 75, at least grooves must be created, which are approximately in the area of the above-mentioned bolts. These grooves preferably have a height of half the ball diameter and are in particular inserted into the hinge inner part in such a way that a positive and / or positive fit is obtained.
  • assembly or disassembly there is thus first a linear insertion movement of the inner hinge part into the intermediate hinge part and then a rotary movement in accordance with the design of the receptacles 92.
  • this subsequent attachment of the projections is not necessary. Rather, these can be arranged there from the start on the hinge inner part and the hinge outer or intermediate part is put on. A subsequent screwing or the like of the projections is not necessary in this case.
  • Figure 6c is a cross section of the relevant end of the intermediate hinge part 80, wherein the balls of the inner hinge part are inserted into the passage extensions 98.
  • Figure 7 shows a representation according to Figure 6 only for a further embodiment with standardized components, the tendency to return is carried out here by spring elements, since carrying out a slight slope H1 and H3 is expensive.
  • the start and end points are identified by 104 and 105.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Machine de travail (1), en particulier chargeur sur roues, avec une cabine (20, 40), qui présente une porte de cabine (21, 42), qui est disposée de manière à pouvoir pivoter au niveau du châssis de cabine (58) au moyen d'un ensemble formant charnière (8), dans laquelle l'ensemble formant charnière (8) présente une partie châssis, qui est disposée au niveau du châssis de cabine (58), et une partie porte pouvant tourner par rapport à la partie de châssis, qui est disposée au niveau de la porte de cabine (21, 42), dans laquelle une partie faisant saillie (83) radiale, en particulier un boulon, est prévue dans la partie châssis ou dans la partie porte et un logement (92) servant à loger de manière à pouvoir coulisser la partie faisant saillie (83) est prévu dans l'autre des parties, dans laquelle le logement (92) présente différents pas, dans laquelle un pas inférieur est obtenu par une faible pente d'un évidement du logement (92), et dans laquelle le logement (92) est réalisé au moins par endroits de telle manière qu'un déplacement de la partie porte vers la partie châssis est lié à un déplacement vertical de la partie porte par rapport à la partie châssis, et dans laquelle la partie porte constitue une partie extérieure de charnière (24, 52), qui entoure la partie châssis, laquelle constitue une partie intérieure de charnière (26, 53),
    dans laquelle un ou plusieurs espaces creux sont disposés entre la partie châssis et la partie porte, qui peuvent présenter des diamètres différents, et dans laquelle
    la partie intérieure de charnière (26, 53) et la partie extérieure de charnière (24, 52) sont réalisées en tant que corps creux cylindriques et un élément de levage sous la forme d'un ressort à gaz est disposé à l'intérieur de la partie intérieure de charnière (26, 53) de telle manière que celui-ci soutient le déplacement de levage vertical de la partie porte par rapport à la partie châssis, et que le déplacement vertical provoqué par l'ensemble formant charnière (8) est plus important depuis sa position fermée vers la position totalement ouverte que le diamètre extérieur de la partie châssis ou de la partie porte.
  2. Machine de travail selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu que la partie faisant saillie (83) et le logement (92) sont fermés hermétiquement vers l'extérieur par la partie porte de sorte que ceux-ci ne sont pas accessibles depuis l'extérieur, et/ou que se trouve entre la partie porte et la partie châssis au moins un racleur, qui ferme l'espace creux entre la partie porte et la partie châssis vers l'extérieur et qui suit le déplacement vertical de la partie porte par rapport à la partie châssis.
  3. Machine de travail selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la partie châssis et la partie porte sont réalisées en tant que corps ou corps creux cylindriques, qui s'étendent sur toute la hauteur ou du moins sur 2/3 de la hauteur de l'ensemble formant charnière (8).
  4. Machine de travail selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la partie châssis et la partie porte sont réalisées de telle manière que le déplacement de la porte de cabine (21, 42) en partant de la porte de cabine (21, 42) fermée est constitué d'un déplacement sans ou avec une première composante verticale, puis d'un déplacement avec une deuxième composante verticale puis d'un déplacement sans ou avec une troisième composante verticale, dans laquelle la deuxième composante verticale est par angle de rotation de la porte de cabine (21, 42) plus grande que la première et la troisième composante verticale.
  5. Machine de travail selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'est disposé au niveau du châssis de cabine un élément de fixation (32, 54), en particulier au moins un profilé d'angle, qui supporte la partie châssis de l'ensemble formant charnière.
  6. Machine de travail selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la partie châssis de l'ensemble formant charnière est reliée de manière solidaire ou à force à l'élément de fixation (32, 54) et de préférence à une pièce de centrage disposée au niveau de l'élément de fixation (32, 54), et/ou que la partie intérieure de charnière est reliée de manière solidaire ou à force à l'élément de fixation (32, 54).
  7. Machine de travail selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la partie faisant saillie (83) dépasse radialement vers l'intérieur ou l'extérieur de la partie châssis ou de la partie porte de l'ensemble formant charnière (8).
  8. Machine de travail selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'ensemble formant charnière (8) présente une partie intermédiaire de charnière (80) réalisée en tant qu'un corps creux, qui comprend le logement (92), dans laquelle le logement (92) traverse la paroi de la partie intermédiaire de charnière (80) ou est disposé seulement sur le côté intérieur de celle-ci, dans laquelle il est prévu de préférence que le logement (92) s'étend jusque dans une zone d'extrémité de la partie intermédiaire de charnière (80) et s'y étend de préférence dans la direction longitudinale de la partie intermédiaire de charnière (80).
  9. Machine de travail selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que se trouve entre la partie porte et la partie châssis de l'ensemble formant charnière (8) ou entre plusieurs parties de la partie porte et de la partie châssis un espace intermédiaire (89), qui est rempli d'un milieu de lubrification, et que la partie porte et/ou la partie châssis de l'ensemble formant charnière (8) présentent un racleur (78), qui est disposé de telle manière qu'il empêche que le milieu de lubrification ne sorte de l'espace intermédiaire (89) quand la partie porte est déplacée dans le cadre du déplacement vertical par rapport à la partie châssis.
  10. Machine de travail selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'ensemble formant charnière (8) est réalisé de telle manière que lors de l'ouverture ou de la fermeture de la porte (21, 42), le rapport entre le diamètre de la partie châssis et la hauteur de levage liée au déplacement vertical de la partie porte par rapport à la partie châssis est de 0,255 ± 10 %, de préférence ± 20 %.
  11. Machine de travail selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un dispositif de maintien est prévu, qui est réalisé de telle manière que celui-ci bloque la porte de cabine (21, 42) dans une position totalement ouverte, dans laquelle il est prévu de préférence que le dispositif de maintien peut être actionné par un utilisateur se trouvant dans la cabine (20, 40), dans laquelle il est prévu de préférence que l'ensemble formant charnière (8) est réalisé de telle sorte que la porte (21, 42) subit directement avant d'atteindre sa position totalement ouverte un déplacement horizontal ou sensiblement horizontal.
  12. Machine de travail selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que sont fixés plusieurs ensembles formant charnière au niveau de la porte (21, 42), qui sont tenus à distance les uns des autres dans une direction verticale de la porte (21, 42), dans laquelle un des ensembles formant charnière (8) est réalisé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes et un des ensembles formant charnière (8) est réalisé en tant qu'une charnière sans une fonction de levage.
  13. Procédé de montage d'un ensemble formant charnière (8) d'une machine de travail (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    A) l'agencement de l'élément de fixation (32, 54) et de la pièce de centrage ;
    B) la liaison de l'élément de fixation (32, 54) à la pièce de centrage ;
    C) la liaison de la partie intérieure de charnière (26, 53) à la pièce de centrage ;
    D) l'introduction du ressort à gaz dans l'espace creux de la partie intérieure de charnière (26,53) ;
    E) l'agencement de la partie faisant saillie (83) dans le logement (92) ; et
    F) l'agencement de la partie extérieure de charnière (24, 52) avec le rattachement de porte.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce que la liaison de l'élément de fixation (32, 54) à la pièce de centrage et/ou la liaison de la partie intérieure de charnière (26, 53) à la pièce de centrage sont effectuées à force, et/ou qu'une partie intermédiaire de charnière (80) se trouve entre la partie intérieure de charnière (26, 53) et la partie extérieure de charnière (24, 52), et qu'un moyen de lubrification est introduit dans l'espace intérieur entre la partie intérieure de charnière (26, 53) et la partie intermédiaire de charnière (80).
EP15191102.1A 2014-10-23 2015-10-22 Machine de travail equipee d'une cabine Active EP3012394B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014015711.3A DE102014015711A1 (de) 2014-10-23 2014-10-23 Arbeitsmaschine mit Kabine

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EP3012394A1 EP3012394A1 (fr) 2016-04-27
EP3012394B1 true EP3012394B1 (fr) 2020-01-22

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DE (1) DE102014015711A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016004247A1 (de) 2016-04-08 2017-10-12 Liebherr-Werk Bischofshofen Gmbh Arbeitsmaschine mit Kabine

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH296605A (de) * 1951-05-11 1954-02-28 Lana Ettore Tür-Fischbandpaar.

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR370331A (fr) * 1906-10-09 1907-02-04 Victor Lecomte Dispositif de charnière ou gond
DE2130291A1 (de) * 1970-07-06 1972-01-13 Walter Pfaeffli Tuerscharnier
US4228562A (en) * 1978-09-25 1980-10-21 Hsu Yun T Bilateral swingable self-closing door hinge
DE102005018258A1 (de) * 2005-04-20 2006-10-26 Linde Ag Arbeitsmaschine mit einer Kabinentür und bombierten Scharnierbolzen
KR100761904B1 (ko) * 2006-08-08 2007-09-28 주식회사 아이원이노텍 건자재용 도어의 자동복귀 힌지장치
DE202010001053U1 (de) * 2009-03-10 2010-04-15 Schulte Duschkabinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Scharnier und Duschabtrennung
US8556330B2 (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-10-15 Chrysler Group Llc Removable door with hinge detent
DE112012006305T5 (de) * 2012-05-03 2015-01-29 Volvo Construction Equipment Ab Vorrichtung zum halbautomatischen Öffnen/Schließen einer Tür einer Baumaschine

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH296605A (de) * 1951-05-11 1954-02-28 Lana Ettore Tür-Fischbandpaar.

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EP3012394A1 (fr) 2016-04-27

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