Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
  • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
  • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
  • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
  • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
  • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
  • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
  • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
  • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
  • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
  • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2210/00—Converter types
  • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
  • B60L2210/42—Voltage source inverters
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
  • B60L2270/20—Inrush current reduction, i.e. avoiding high currents when connecting the battery
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
  • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Definitions

• the invention relates to systems with batteries, in particular systems with batteries formed by battery modules arranged in series, and in particular electric or hybrid traction electric vehicles.
• an electric converter is used in these systems to feed a load from the direct current that can be supplied by a battery.
• converters such as inverters are used to supply sinusoidal currents to an electric motor, for example three-phase currents.
• the converter and the motor form a powertrain.
• the batteries can be composed of a plurality of battery modules arranged in series, and the modules can be independently put in series or not, that is to say switched. In other words, depending on the voltage that is to be supplied to the load, a higher or lower number of battery modules is activated.
• the voltage at the terminals of a battery can therefore vary during the operation of a system.
• a capacitor is disposed between the battery and the load so as to smooth the high frequency currents but also the transient currents absorbed by the converter.
• the battery ie the set of modules
• the converter for example within a vehicle at start-up
• strong transient currents occur and may damage the components, for example example the capacitor, the relays used or the power switches.
• the voltage across the battery varies, currents may appear, since both the battery and the capacitor behave as voltage generators.
• jolts generated by the motor may appear when the voltage varies across the battery.
• the capacitor is generally charged so that the voltage across the capacitor is equal to the voltage across the battery after it has varied.
• EP 2 361 799 which describes a system for increasing the voltage across the capacitor before connecting the powertrain, that is to say a pre-charge system of the capacitor.
• This document proposes in particular to use a resistor to form an R-C type circuit for charging the capacitor.
• This system has the disadvantage of not allowing to obtain a complete charge of the capacitor, the charging time being too long.
• This system also has the drawback of adding a series resistance to the system. This system can only be used to start the vehicle because of this resistance. It is therefore not suitable for activating or deactivating a battery module during the operation of the vehicle.
• the invention therefore aims to limit the appearance of high currents, sometimes called sur-currents, when switching modules of the battery, and to prevent jolts that may occur during these switches.
• the object of the invention is a method for managing a load supplied by a converter itself powered by a battery comprising modules that can be switched, a capacitor being arranged between the battery and the converter.
• the converter supplies a low power to the load
• the converter supplies normal power to the load.
• normal power is meant in particular a power which is not limited, and which, for example for a motor vehicle, corresponds to the command desired by the driver.
• the converter supplies a normal power to the load, the load is no longer supplied with a weak power, unless the converter was already intended to operate at low power (low speed vehicle). speed).
• a battery comprising modules that can be switched is a battery in which additional modules can be connected in series or disconnected at any time. These switching operations are, for information only, ordered by a battery management unit generally designated by the acronym "BMS: Battery Management System". These switches can be implemented at any time, for example, within a vehicle, they can be implemented while the vehicle rolls, during a load, or during a regenerative braking phase.
• the converter can provide zero power to the load.
• a plurality of switches of said converter can be opened to provide zero power to the load, for example all switches of an inverter.
• a switch can be opened between the capacitor and the converter to provide zero power to the load. This switch can then be closed at the end of the capacitor charge to allow normal operation of the system.
• the load can be an electric machine of a powertrain of a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid traction.
• the subject of the invention is a system for managing a load supplied by a converter itself powered by a battery comprising modules that can be switched, a capacitor being placed between the battery and the converter.
• the system comprises:
• Said means configured to provide low power to the load may be configured to provide zero power to the load.
• Said means configured to provide low power to the load is configured to provide zero power to the load including means configured to open a plurality of switches of said converter.
• the system may further include a switch disposed between the capacitor and the converter.
• the invention is obj and a motor vehicle electric or hybrid traction comprising an electric machine of a power train forming said load and comprising said system.
• FIG. 1 schematically represents a system according to the prior art
• FIG. 2 schematically represents various steps of a method according to one embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows a system for managing a load according to the prior art.
• This system can be embedded in a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid traction.
• This system comprises a battery 1, for example comprising a plurality of battery modules that can be connected in series to obtain a voltage across the battery equal to the sum of the voltages at the terminals of each of the connected modules.
• the modules of this battery can be switched.
• the system also comprises a capacitor 2 whose two armatures are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 1. It is the capacitor 2 which is pre-charged in the solutions of the prior art to protect it as well as the other components, for example during a vehicle start (connection of the battery 1) or during the connection or switching of a battery module.
• the capacitor 2 is also connected to a power unit 3, which comprises a converter 4, here an inverter, and a load 5, here a three-phase motor which comprises mechanical parts which can be damaged when the currents appear too high when connecting the battery or a battery module.
• the inverter stage 4 comprises a plurality of switches 6, here bipolar transistors with isolated gate designed to control the load 5 with three-phase currents on three connections 7. In parallel with each switch 6, a diode 8 is connected.
• FIG. 2 schematically shows the steps of a charge management method according to the invention, for example an electric motor powered by a converter, for example an inverter 4 which is powered by a battery. comprising modules that can be switched, for example a battery 1.
• a switching command is detected, for example a command issued by a BMS-type device, or any other device capable of controlling the switching of the battery modules.
• the converter supplies a weak power to the load (E02).
• the converter can also provide zero power to the load, for example by opening one or more switches to prevent flow of current to the load. It can be noted that it is possible, before totally limiting the power or applying zero power, to progressively reduce the power to be supplied. As an indication, we can apply the low power (or zero) once a current threshold is crossed. For this purpose, it is possible to use means configured to measure the current.
• the duration of the switching of one or more modules can be known, this duration being generally fixed. It will be possible advantageously to choose a long switching time, in particular longer than the duration of the servocontrol of the converter. This produces a commutation that is imperceptible to the driver of a vehicle since it does not produce jerks.
• the duration during which a weak power is supplied to the load is longer than the time necessary to implement a switching. However, this time is short enough to be imperceptible by the driver. It is then necessary to use components fast enough to implement the step E02 without a vehicle driver can observe that the powertrain operates in a limited manner or is disconnected.
• FIG. 3 shows a system SYS for managing a load 5, here an electric motor, powered by a converter 4, here an inverter.
• a load 5 here an electric motor
• a converter 4 here an inverter.
• the elements bearing the same reference numerals are identical to those of FIG.
• the SYS system can be integrated within a vehicle computer, for example within an electronic control unit.
• the SYS system comprises means 9 configured to detect a switching command.
• the means 9 may implement the step E0 1 described with reference to FIG.
• the SYS system comprises means 1 1 configured to control a switch 12 and implement the step E02, in which there is provided here a power zero to the load since the power of the converter is cut by opening the switch .
• the control means 1 1 of the switch communicate with the means 9 by means of an electrical connection 13, and the control means of the switch control the switch by means of an electrical connection 14.
• Switch 12 is controlled to be open when a switch command is detected, so capacitor 2 can be charged without providing power to the load. When the capacitor 2 is charged, and switching is performed, the switch 12 can be closed to allow normal operation of the power train 3 (step E04).
• the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 3 makes it possible to completely isolate the powertrain as soon as a switching command is detected. It can be noted that during use of the vehicle, the motor then operates freewheel as soon as the switch 12 is open.
• the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 4 differs from that described with reference to FIG. 3 in that the power unit 3 is not completely isolated from the battery and the capacitor during a voltage variation. at the terminals of the battery 1.
• FIG. 4 shows a system SYS 'in which the means 9 can control means configured to control the switches 6 of the converter 4.
• a set of electrical connections 16 makes it possible to control the switches 6.
• the invention has the advantage of using a reduced number of additional components, and is therefore inexpensive.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
• Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
• Inverter Devices (AREA)
• Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=49322517

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2013
  • 2013-06-18 FR FR1355711A patent/FR3007227B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2014
  • 2014-06-13 KR KR1020167000603A patent/KR102276402B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2014-06-13 CN CN201480035223.XA patent/CN105409108A/zh active Pending
  • 2014-06-13 WO PCT/FR2014/051457 patent/WO2014202879A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2014-06-13 EP EP14735621.6A patent/EP3011672A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-06-13 JP JP2016520574A patent/JP2016530856A/ja active Pending
  • 2014-06-13 US US14/899,414 patent/US10538176B2/en active Active

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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