EP3011639B1 - Source pour antenne parabolique - Google Patents

Source pour antenne parabolique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3011639B1
EP3011639B1 EP14736313.9A EP14736313A EP3011639B1 EP 3011639 B1 EP3011639 B1 EP 3011639B1 EP 14736313 A EP14736313 A EP 14736313A EP 3011639 B1 EP3011639 B1 EP 3011639B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
delta
source
sigma
radiating
radiating elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14736313.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3011639A1 (fr
Inventor
Christophe MELLE
David CHAIMBAULT
Fabien Peleau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Data Systems SAS
Original Assignee
Zodiac Data Systems SAS
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Publication of EP3011639A1 publication Critical patent/EP3011639A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/17—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/02—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns providing sum and difference patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H01Q9/285—Planar dipole

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microwave source intended to be placed in the focus of a satellite dish.
  • Antennas used in telemetry generally include a parabolic reflector and a source placed at the focus of the parabolic reflector.
  • the source is able to send a signal to a target (such as a satellite or a flying machine for example) or to receive a signal emitted by the target.
  • the reflector has the function of directing the signal emitted by the source towards the target or of concentrating the signal emitted by the target on the source.
  • the frequency band in which the signals are transmitted or received depends on the type of target.
  • Each source is generally adapted to transmit in a given frequency band corresponding to a target type.
  • the first source is placed at the focal point of the main reflector while the second source is placed at the focal point of the auxiliary reflector.
  • the reflector auxiliary comprises a dichroic surface adapted to pass the radiation in the first frequency band and to reflect the radiation in the second frequency band.
  • the signals emitted by the target in the first frequency band are reflected by the main reflector towards the first source while passing through the auxiliary reflector.
  • the signals emitted by the target in the second frequency band are successively reflected by the main reflector and the auxiliary reflector towards the second source.
  • the source is able to emit in the frequency bands L (1 GHz to 2 GHz), S (2 GHz to 4 GHz) and C (4 to 8 GHz).
  • the source comprises a central cylindrical waveguide and three coaxial conductive cylinders extending around the central cylindrical waveguide and forming three respective coaxial waveguides. Each of the three waveguides surrounding the central waveguide is delimited by two successive cylinders.
  • the central cylindrical waveguide is adapted to generate a sum path (or sigma path) radiation in the C band.
  • the first cylindrical waveguide surrounding the central waveguide is adapted to selectively generate difference pathway radiation. (delta) in the C-band or a sum-channel radiation in the S-band.
  • the second cylindrical waveguide surrounding the first waveguide is adapted to selectively generate difference-channel radiation in the S-band or a radiation of sum channel in the L-band.
  • the third cylindrical waveguide surrounding the second waveguide is adapted to generate a difference lane radiation in the L-band.
  • the waveguides are powered by coaxial transitions via a plurality of input ports. Such waveguides are particularly difficult to excite so that their dimensioning is complex.
  • the document US2011 / 0291903 provides in particular that the source comprises radial peaks arranged inside the waveguides, each peak being coupled to an input port and a cylinder.
  • the document US4283728 describes a Cassegrain antenna, comprising a horn sum located on the axis of pointing of the main dish, and four error horns positioned around this horn sum.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a source for a dish antenna that is easier to design.
  • the invention also relates to an antenna comprising a parabolic reflector having a focus, and a source as defined above, placed in the focus of the parabolic reflector.
  • the source S for a parabolic antenna comprises a mechanical base 3 and three sigma radiating assemblies 1C, 1S and 1L providing a sigma diagram for the three frequency bands C, S and L respectively, and three delta radiating assemblies 2C, 2S and 2L providing a delta diagram for the three frequency bands C, S and L respectively.
  • the radiating assemblies are fixed on the mechanical base.
  • the delta radiation pattern provides a monotonic function signal from the target to the antenna axis while the sigma radiation pattern gives a maximum signal in the axis.
  • the source has a main transmission / reception axis A.
  • Each of the three sigma radiators 1C, 1S and 1L extends in a plane perpendicular to the main transmission / reception axis A of the source S.
  • Each of the three sigma radiators 1C, 1S and 1L comprises a sigma radiating element 11 positioned on the main transmission / reception axis A of the source S, and a sigma supply circuit 12 for supplying the sigma radiating element 11. to generate sigma path radiation.
  • the three sigma radiator assemblies 1C, 1S and 1L are in accordance with the sigma1 radiating assembly generally represented on the figure 6 .
  • each sigma radiating element 11 comprises a radiating circular patch (or pad) 111 and a ground plane 112 having coupling slots 113.
  • the sigma radiating element 11 comprises three metallization layers and two substrates.
  • the sigma radiating element 11 and the sigma supply circuit 12 are separated by the ground plane 112 in which electromagnetic coupling slots 113 are etched to provide power to the sigma radiating element 11.
  • Each sigma radiating element 11 is coupled with the sigma supply circuit 12 at coupling points 125 via the coupling slots 113.
  • the coupling slots 113 and the coupling points 125 are arranged in an invariant pattern. rotation of 90 degrees around the main axis of emission / reception A of the source S. The symmetry of this configuration makes it possible to minimize cross polarization.
  • the four coupling slots 113 are arranged in a cross. In other words, the coupling slots 113 are arranged in pairs along two perpendicular axes centered on the main axis of transmission / reception of the source.
  • Each sigma power supply circuit 12 includes two power ports 127a and 127b each positioned in two layers on each side of the radiating circular patch 111 in two layers of dielectrics. These two power ports 127a and 127b are in phase.
  • Each of the power supply ports 127a and 127b supplies two power supply branches 128a1 and 128a2 and 128b1 and 128b2 respectively on each side of the radiating circular patch 111 and coupled with the radiating patch at four coupling points 125a1, 125a2, 125b1 and 125b2. .
  • the power ports 127a and 127b each generate a linear polarization mode, the rectilinear polarization modes of the two power supply branches being orthogonal in pairs and in quadrature phase. It is thus possible to generate a circular polarization in both directions, left and right.
  • the radiating elements 11 of the sigma paths all have symmetries on two orthogonal axes. This allows good decoupling between the power ports 127a and 127b having rectilinear and orthogonal polarizations, as well as between the delta and sigma paths.
  • Each of the delta radiating assemblies 2S, 2C, 2L comprises eight delta radiating elements, respectively 21S, 21C, 21L, and a delta supply circuit, respectively 22S, 22C, 22L.
  • the radiating elements delta21S, 21C or 21L of the same set are arranged on a circle centered on the main transmission / reception axis A of the source S.
  • the radiating elements delta21S, 21C, 21L are arranged with a angular spacing of 45 degrees between two successive delta elements 21S, 21C, 21L.
  • Each delta radiating element 21S, 21C, 21L comprises a radiating patch 211S, 211C, 211L connected to the delta supply circuit associated 22S, 22C, 22L by a 225S, 225C, 225L feed point.
  • the set of patches 211 S, 211C, 211L of the same radiating assembly delta2S, 2C, 2L and their feed points 225S, 225C, 225L are arranged in an invariant pattern by rotation of 45 degrees around the main axis transmission / reception A of the source S.
  • the delta21L radiating elements of the first delta radiation assembly 2L each extend in a plane parallel to the main transmission / reception axis A of the source S and tangential to a cylinder of revolution having as its axis the main axis of transmission / reception A of the source S.
  • Each of the eight delta21L radiating elements of the first delta radiation array 2L comprises a patch 211L having a rectangular dielectric substrate 2111L and a metal conductor layer 2113L typically made of copper.
  • the metal conductor 2113L has a first section 21131L extending in the direction of the axis of the source and a second section 21132L extending in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the source and included in the plane of the radiating elements delta 21 L.
  • the second part has a length substantially equal to half the average wavelength ⁇ of the first band of wavelength L.
  • the delta supply circuit 22L of the first set of delta radiation 2L comprises: each of the eight patches 211L a 228L supply line feeding the patch 211L at a feed point 225L positioned at the center of the patch.
  • the current supplied on each line 228L is in phase opposition so that the current is maximum in the center of the patch.
  • Each of the eight patches 211L delta radiating elements 21L of the first set of delta radiation 2L resonates in half wave, like a dipole.
  • the radiating elements delta 21L of the first set of delta radiation 2L are polarized tangentially with respect to the circle on which the delta radiating elements 21L are arranged.
  • the delta radiating elements 21C of the second set of delta radiation 2C extend in the same plane perpendicular to the main transmission / reception axis A of the source S.
  • the delta radiating elements 21S of the second delta radiation assembly 2S also extend in the same plane perpendicular to the main transmission / reception axis A of the source S.
  • the eight delta radiating elements 21C of the third delta-radiation assembly 2C each comprise a ground plane 211C, a first dielectric substrate 212C in contact with the ground plane 211C, a quarter-wave 211C trapezoidal copper patch formed on the first substrate dielectric 212C and connected in short circuit with the ground plane 213C.
  • the quarter-wave trapezoidal patch 211C is powered by a 216C coaxial cable at a power point 225C.
  • the eight delta radiating elements 21S of the second delta radiation assembly 2S each comprise a ground plane 213S, a first dielectric substrate 212S in contact with the ground plane, a half-wave trapezoidal patch 211S made of copper deposited on the first dielectric substrate 212S, a second dielectric substrate 214S in a plane parallel to the first dielectric substrate 212S and a parasitic patch 215S of copper deposited on the second dielectric substrate 214S.
  • the half-wave trapezoidal patch 211S is powered by a 216S coaxial cable at a 225S power point.
  • the parasitic patch 215S plays the role of director and modifies the field radiated by the half-wave trapezoidal patch 211S.
  • the delta radiating elements 21S and 21C of the second and third delta radiation assemblies 2S and 2C are radially polarized with respect to the main transmission / reception axis A of the source S.
  • the delta radiating elements 21S, 21C, 21L of the first, second and third delta radiating assemblies comprise two groups of four radiating elements delta21S, 21C, 21L, each group being fed by the delta supply circuit 22S, 22C, 22L in TE21 mode.
  • the radiating elements delta21S, 21C, 21L of one group being supplied in phase quadrature relative to the delta radiating elements 21S, 21C, 21L of the other group.
  • the radiating elements delta21S, 21C, 21L of each delta radiating assembly generate an electromagnetic field map equivalent to that of the TE21 mode existing in the waveguides.
  • the delta radiating elements of the same delta radiating assembly are energized in equi-amplitude and in such a way that the radius of the circle on which the eight delta radiating elements are positioned is less than the wavelength corresponding to the maximum frequency of the frequency band of the delta radiating assembly.
  • the central symmetry of the delta radiating elements 21S, 21C, 21L associated with central symmetry sigma radiators allows the decoupling of the sigma diagrams and the delta diagrams.
  • the advantage is that the generation of sigma diagrams and delta diagrams in the different frequency bands L, S and C is done independently. In addition, it follows that the sigma and delta diagrams in the different frequency bands L, S are decoupled.
  • the sigma radiating elements 1S, 1C, 1L of the first, second and third sigma radiating assemblies 1S, 1C, 1L are arranged in stages and centered on the main transmission / reception / reception axis A of the source, the radiating patches in FIG. each frequency band thus serve as a ground plane for the sigma radiating elements 1S, 1C, 1L of the upper stages, the sigma radiating elements 1S, 1C, 1L being staggered, in the direction of propagation of the electromagnetic wave, according to their band of operating frequencies, i.e., from the lowest frequencies to the highest frequencies.
  • the radiating elements of the first radiating assembly 2L are positioned around the second radiating assembly 2S.
  • the dielectric constants of the various dielectrics 212C, 214S, 212S, 12S, 12C, 12L are chosen so as to respect the maximum radius of the network.
  • the source described is characterized by a small footprint, low weight and good performance of directivity, G / T merit factor and tracking of a moving target for a multi-band antenna. Moreover, this type of multi-band source is also well suited for equipping small-diameter and large diameter prime-focus dishes.
  • the source can receive in the three frequency bands L, S and C simultaneously and, simultaneously simultaneously, carry out a monopulse type tracking.
  • the tracking or deviation slopes are homogeneous in all planes and do not degrade as a function of the polarization of the received signal.
  • the described source makes it possible, for example, to keep an existing reception system in the S-band and to pre-equip this system for the future band C.
  • the source described it is no longer necessary to change source to change the frequency band, the source change operation requiring means, maneuvering time and focus.
  • the invention can also be implemented to generate other telecommunication frequency bands, telemetry, or any other reception frequency band.
  • the described multi-band source is placed at the focus of a parabolic main reflector.
  • the described multi-band source makes it possible to avoid the use of a two-reflector, main reflector and sub-reflector assembly, commonly known as cassegrain mounting, in particular on small diameter antennas.
  • a dichroic subreflector is not required and this also avoids problems of coupling between separate sources.
  • the source allows simultaneous reception and monopulse tracking of moving targets in the three frequency bands L, S and C while being light and compact.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP14736313.9A 2013-06-17 2014-06-16 Source pour antenne parabolique Active EP3011639B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1355655A FR3007215B1 (fr) 2013-06-17 2013-06-17 Source pour antenne parabolique
PCT/EP2014/062497 WO2014202498A1 (fr) 2013-06-17 2014-06-16 Source pour antenne parabolique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3011639A1 EP3011639A1 (fr) 2016-04-27
EP3011639B1 true EP3011639B1 (fr) 2018-03-21

Family

ID=49378389

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14736313.9A Active EP3011639B1 (fr) 2013-06-17 2014-06-16 Source pour antenne parabolique

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US9520654B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3011639B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP6047673B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101656204B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN105531872B (zh)
FR (1) FR3007215B1 (zh)
IL (1) IL243105A (zh)
WO (1) WO2014202498A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (8)

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KR101675790B1 (ko) * 2015-01-29 2016-11-15 한국과학기술원 쿼시 야기 안테나 및 이를 이용한 넓은 방향의 원형 편파 발생 안테나
FR3042917B1 (fr) 2015-10-22 2018-12-07 Zodiac Data Systems Dispositif d'antenne d'aide a l'acquisition et systeme d'antenne pour le suivi d'une cible en mouvement associe
CN106099364B (zh) * 2016-08-03 2021-03-30 成都锦江电子系统工程有限公司 一种高精度多馈源全自动换馈系统
CN107565217A (zh) * 2017-07-31 2018-01-09 中国电子科技集团公司第三十九研究所 一维钟摆式换馈机构
US11658379B2 (en) * 2019-10-18 2023-05-23 Lockheed Martin Corpora Tion Waveguide hybrid couplers
CN112563732B (zh) * 2020-12-01 2021-12-31 中国人民解放军63923部队 一种uhf-s双频段抛物面天线改造方法
US11342687B1 (en) * 2021-04-20 2022-05-24 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Endfire antenna structure on an aerodynamic system
CN115101930B (zh) * 2022-07-15 2022-11-15 广东工业大学 边缘加载谐振枝节的双频卫星导航天线

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3011639A1 (fr) 2016-04-27
FR3007215A1 (fr) 2014-12-19
CN105531872A (zh) 2016-04-27
US9520654B2 (en) 2016-12-13
JP2016524822A (ja) 2016-08-18
CN105531872B (zh) 2018-03-02
US20160141764A1 (en) 2016-05-19
KR20160011704A (ko) 2016-02-01
WO2014202498A1 (fr) 2014-12-24
JP6047673B2 (ja) 2016-12-21
KR101656204B1 (ko) 2016-09-08
IL243105A (en) 2016-06-30
FR3007215B1 (fr) 2015-06-05

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