EP3005383A1 - Apparatus for reducing a magnetic unidirectional flux component in the core of a transformer - Google Patents

Apparatus for reducing a magnetic unidirectional flux component in the core of a transformer

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Publication number
EP3005383A1
EP3005383A1 EP13726491.7A EP13726491A EP3005383A1 EP 3005383 A1 EP3005383 A1 EP 3005383A1 EP 13726491 A EP13726491 A EP 13726491A EP 3005383 A1 EP3005383 A1 EP 3005383A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transformer
compensation
windings
core
neutral point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13726491.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3005383B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Hamberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3005383A1 publication Critical patent/EP3005383A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3005383B1 publication Critical patent/EP3005383B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/38—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/42—Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for reducing a magnetic flux component in the core of a
  • Transformer in particular a three-phase transformer, comprising a plurality of compensation windings, which are magnetically coupled to the core of the transformer.
  • the application area is basically included
  • DC component can, for example, electronic
  • Construction components come as they are today in the
  • GIC Geomagnetically Induced Currents
  • Geomagnetically induced currents occur approximately in ten-year cycles. They are evenly distributed over all (three) phases, can reach up to 30 A per phase and flow through the neutral point of a transformer. This leads to a strong saturation of the core of the transformer in a half cycle and therefore to a strong excitation current in a half cycle. This additional excitement has a strong harmonic content and this is due to the
  • Windings and iron parts of the transformer caused. This can lead to local overheating in the transformer. Furthermore, due to the strong excitation requirement, high reactive power consumption and voltage drop occur. Together, this can lead to the instability of the energy transmission network. Simplified speaking, the behaves the
  • WO 2012/041368 AI is one in a
  • DC ratio used by a thyristor switch is connected in series with a current limiting reactor to introduce the compensation current in the compensation winding. This solution works well for
  • Capacitor is connected in the neutral point of the transformer. This solution is problematic because the charging of the capacitor creates a transfer voltage. In addition, the displacement voltage across the capacitor is limited, so that usually not the entire DC current can be blocked. This solution is also problematic if there is a short circuit in the transmission network and therefore too
  • Claim 1 is characterized in that
  • a controllable current source is provided for feeding current into the compensating windings, which is electrically connected in
  • Row is arranged with the compensation windings, with their neutral point, from the inputs of the
  • a star point generator is provided which is electrically conductive with the outputs of the compensation windings
  • Ampere turn is another term for the magnetic flux. It is the
  • Compensation current introduced by a controllable current source in the compensation windings which is usually a compensation winding per phase of the transformer
  • the neutral point generator generates a star point with respect to the outer conductor voltages of the compensation windings.
  • the star point of the compensation windings and the star point formed by the neutral point generator are at the same potential. You can now easily insert a controllable current source between these star points. Furthermore, the
  • An embodiment of the invention provides that at least one current limiting inductor is arranged electrically in series with the current source. This pre-switching of a current limiting choke can effectively filter out transient voltages so that they do not break through to the power source. Due to the controllable power source is the
  • Compensating current can be provided that the controllable current source is connected to a measuring device for detecting the magnetic DC component in the transformer.
  • a measuring device for detecting the magnetic DC component in the transformer.
  • Such measuring devices are from the WO
  • the shunt part may be connected to the core of the transformer e.g. be arranged adjacent to a leg or on the yoke to pass a portion of the magnetic flux in a bypass.
  • Shunt-guided magnetic flux can be very easily a long-term stable by means of a sensor coil
  • Gain sensor signal which optionally after signal processing the DC component (CD component) maps very well.
  • the star point generator can be used for better load distribution
  • Windings in zigzag circuit include.
  • Figure 1 is a principle circuit according to the prior art for introducing compensation current in a
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic circuit according to the invention for
  • the compensation winding K designed as a thyristor switching unit T is connected in series with a current limiting inductor L.
  • the required direct current can be adjusted by voltage synchronous ignition at a specific ignition timing of the thyristor T. Ignition of the thyristor in the voltage zero crossing, so sets the maximum direct current, but with a
  • Thyristor T is controlled by a current limiting inductor L
  • the controllable current source S is electrically connected directly in series with the compensation windings Kl, K2, K3, namely, the inputs of the compensation windings Kl, K2, K3 are interconnected in a star point PI, which is directly connected to the power source S.
  • a compensation winding Kl, K2, K3 is on a leg of one - not here
  • connection ends are each with a connection end of the three (here lower)
  • Zigzag switching means that primary and secondary windings of a phase (here a compensation winding) on
  • Primary and secondary windings of the neutral point H are the same size, so have about the same number of turns, but are flowed through in different directions from the stream. Thus, no flux is induced in the core of the neutral point H at the same current in different windings.
  • the current source S is directly on the one hand with the neutral point PI of the compensation windings Kl, K2, K3 and on the other hand with the neutral point P2 of the neutral point H electric
  • Power source S be arranged.
  • Neutral point generator H are known per se and available.
  • the introduction of compensation windings with induced Voltages at the medium voltage level are in themselves also already proven technology.
  • the advantage of the present invention is that the controllable current source
  • T switching unit (thyristor)

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Ac-Ac Conversion (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for reducing a magnetic unidirectional flux component in the core of a transformer, in particular a three-phase transformer, comprising a plurality of compensation windings (K1, K2, K3) which are magnetically coupled to the core of the transformer. Said apparatus is characterized in that - a controllable current source (S) for feeding current into the compensation windings (K1, K2, K3) is provided and is arranged electrically in series with the compensation windings (K1, K2, K3), specifically with the neutral point (P1) thereof, which is formed by the inputs of the compensation windings (K1, K2, K3), and - a neutral earthing transformer (H) is provided and is electrically connected to the outputs of the compensation windings (K1, K2, K3), and - the current source (S) electrically connects the neutral point (P1) of the compensation windings (K1, K2, K3) and the neutral point (P2) of the neutral earthing transformer (H) to one another.

Description

Beschreibung description
Vorrichtung zur Verringerung eines magnetischen Gleichfluss- Anteils im Kern eines Transformators Device for reducing a magnetic Gleichfluß- share in the core of a transformer
Technisches Gebiet Technical area
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Verringerung eines magnetischen Gleichfluss-Anteils im Kern eines The invention relates to a device for reducing a magnetic flux component in the core of a
Transformators, insbesondere eines Dreiphasentransformators, umfassend mehrere Kompensationswicklungen, welche magnetisch mit dem Kern des Transformators gekoppelt sind. Der Einsatzbereich liegt grundsätzlich sowohl bei  Transformer, in particular a three-phase transformer, comprising a plurality of compensation windings, which are magnetically coupled to the core of the transformer. The application area is basically included
Transformatoren im Nieder- oder Mittelspannungsbereich, wie auch bei Transformatoren sehr hoher Leistung  Transformers in the low or medium voltage range, as well as in transformers of very high power
(Leistungstransformatoren, HGÜ (Hochspannungs-Gleichstrom- Übertragungs ) -Transformatoren) . (Power Transformers, HVDC (High Voltage DC Transmission) Transformers).
Stand der Technik State of the art
Bei elektrischen Transformatoren, wie sie in In electrical transformers, as in
Energieverteilungsnetzen eingesetzt werden, kann es zu einer unerwünschten Einspeisung eines Gleichstroms in die Can be used energy distribution networks, it can lead to an undesirable feed of a direct current in the
Primärwicklung oder Sekundärwicklung kommen. Eine solche Gleichstromeinspeisung, im Folgenden auch als DC-Anteil bezeichnet, kann beispielsweise von elektronischen Primary winding or secondary winding come. Such DC supply, hereinafter also referred to as DC component can, for example, electronic
Baukomponenten herrühren, wie sie heutzutage bei der Construction components come as they are today in the
Ansteuerung von elektrischen Antrieben oder auch bei der Blindleistungskompensation verwendet werden. Eine andere Ursache können sogenannte geomagnetisch induzierte Ströme (englisch "Geomagnetically Induced Currents", GIC) sein.  Control of electric drives or used in the reactive power compensation. Another cause may be so-called Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GIC).
Aufgrund von Sonnenwinden wird das Erdmagnetfeld verändert und damit werden an Leiterschleifen an der Erdoberfläche sehr niederfrequente Spannungen induziert. Bei langen elektrischen Energieübertragungsleitungen kann die induzierte Spannung relativ große niederfrequente Ströme (Quasi-Gleichströme) bewirken. Geomagnetisch induzierte Ströme treten ungefähr in Zehnjahreszyklen auf. Sie verteilen sich gleichmäßig auf alle (drei) Phasen, können pro Phase bis zu 30 A erreichen und fließen über den Sternpunkt eines Transformators ab. Dies führt zu einer starken Sättigung des Kerns des Transformators in einem Halbzyklus und daher zu einem starken Erregerstrom in einem Halbzyklus. Diese zusätzliche Erregung hat einen starken Oberwellenanteil und dadurch werden durch das Due to solar winds, the earth's magnetic field is changed and thus very low-frequency voltages are induced on conductor loops on the earth's surface. For long electrical power transmission lines, the induced voltage cause relatively large low-frequency currents (quasi-DC currents). Geomagnetically induced currents occur approximately in ten-year cycles. They are evenly distributed over all (three) phases, can reach up to 30 A per phase and flow through the neutral point of a transformer. This leads to a strong saturation of the core of the transformer in a half cycle and therefore to a strong excitation current in a half cycle. This additional excitement has a strong harmonic content and this is due to the
Streufeld mit Oberwellenanteil Wirbelstromverluste in Stray field with harmonic content eddy current losses in
Wicklungen und Eisenteilen des Transformators verursacht. Dies kann zu lokaler Überhitzung im Transformator führen. Weiters kommt es durch den starken Erregungsbedarf zu einem hohen Blindleistungsverbrauch und Spannungsabfall. Gemeinsam kann dies zur Instabilität des Energieübertragungsnetzes führen. Stark vereinfacht gesprochen verhält sich der  Windings and iron parts of the transformer caused. This can lead to local overheating in the transformer. Furthermore, due to the strong excitation requirement, high reactive power consumption and voltage drop occur. Together, this can lead to the instability of the energy transmission network. Simplified speaking, the behaves the
Transformator in einer Halbwelle wie eine Drossel. Transformer in a half-wave like a choke.
Manche Energieübertragungsunternehmen verlangen daher in der Spezifikation von Transformatoren bereits 100 A Gleichstrom für den Sternpunkt des Transformators. For this reason, some energy transmission companies already require 100 A DC for the neutral point of the transformer in the specification of transformers.
Gemäß der WO 2012/041368 AI wird eine in einer According to WO 2012/041368 AI is one in a
Kompensationswicklung induzierte elektrische Spannung genutzt und für die Kompensation des störenden magnetischen  Compensation winding induced electrical voltage used and for the compensation of the disturbing magnetic
Gleichfluss-Anteils herangezogen, indem ein Thyristorschalter in Serie mit einer Strombegrenzungsdrossel geschaltet wird, um den Kompensationsstrom in die Kompensationswicklung einzubringen. Diese Lösung funktioniert gut für  DC ratio used by a thyristor switch is connected in series with a current limiting reactor to introduce the compensation current in the compensation winding. This solution works well for
auszugleichende Gleichströme in einem Bereich, die um eine Größenordnung kleiner sind als geomagnetisch induzierte to be compensated DC currents in a range that are smaller by an order of magnitude than geomagnetically induced
Ströme, also etwa im Bereich unter 10 A. Für geomagnetisch induzierte Ströme müsste man auf die Mittelspannungsebene gehen, also in den Bereich von etwa 5 kV, und leistungsstarke Thyristoren einsetzen. Aufgrund der hohen Verlustleistung derartiger Thyristoren ist diese Lösung aber nicht Currents, say in the range below 10 A. For geomagnetically induced currents would have to go to the medium voltage level, ie in the range of about 5 kV, and use high-performance thyristors. Due to the high power dissipation of such thyristors, this solution is not
wirtschaftlich . Eine andere Lösung für geomagnetisch induzierte Ströme stellt der sogenannte DC Blocker dar, bei dem im Prinzip ein economically. Another solution for geomagnetically induced currents is the so-called DC blocker, which in principle a
Kondensator in den Sternpunkt des Transformators geschaltet wird. Diese Lösung ist problematisch, weil durch das Aufladen des Kondensators eine Verlagerungsspannung entsteht. Darüber hinaus ist die Verlagerungsspannung am Kondensator begrenzt, sodass in der Regel nicht der gesamte Gleichstrom geblockt werden kann. Problematisch ist diese Lösung auch, wenn es zu einem Kurzschluss im Übertragungsnetz und daher zu Capacitor is connected in the neutral point of the transformer. This solution is problematic because the charging of the capacitor creates a transfer voltage. In addition, the displacement voltage across the capacitor is limited, so that usually not the entire DC current can be blocked. This solution is also problematic if there is a short circuit in the transmission network and therefore too
Nullströmen kommt. Zero current comes.
Darstellung der Erfindung Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a
Vorrichtung zur Verringerung eines magnetischen Gleichfluss- Anteils im Kern eines Transformators zur Verfügung zu  Device for reducing a magnetic Gleichfluß- share in the core of a transformer available
stellen, welche einerseits ohne die hohe Verlustleistung leistungsstarker Thyristoren auskommt und welche andererseits nicht begrenzt ist durch eine Verlagerungsspannung an einem Kondensator . provide, on the one hand without the high power dissipation powerful thyristors and which on the other hand is not limited by a shift voltage to a capacitor.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den jeweiligen abhängigen Ansprüchen definiert . This object is achieved by a device having the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the respective dependent claims.
Anspruch 1 ist gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass Claim 1 is characterized in that
- eine steuerbare Stromquelle zum Einspeisen von Strom in die Kompensationswicklungen vorgesehen ist, welche elektrisch in a controllable current source is provided for feeding current into the compensating windings, which is electrically connected in
Reihe mit den Kompensationswicklungen angeordnet ist, und zwar mit deren Sternpunkt, der von den Eingängen der Row is arranged with the compensation windings, with their neutral point, from the inputs of the
Kompensationswicklungen gebildet wird, und Compensation windings is formed, and
- ein Sternpunktbildner vorgesehen ist, der elektrisch leitend mit den Ausgängen der Kompensationswicklungen  - A star point generator is provided which is electrically conductive with the outputs of the compensation windings
verbunden ist, und is connected, and
- die Stromquelle den Sternpunkt der Kompensationswicklungen und den Sternpunkt des Sternpunktbildners elektrisch  - The current source the star point of the compensation windings and the star point of the neutral point generator electrically
miteinander verbindet. Das Prinzip der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung beruht wieder auf der Gleichstromkompensation mittels Kompensationswicklungen, indem gezielt Strom in die Kompensationswicklungen connects with each other. The principle of the solution according to the invention is based again on the DC compensation by means of compensation windings, by targeted current in the compensation windings
eingespeist wird, dessen Wirkung dem Gleichfluss-Anteil entgegengerichtet ist und die Aufmagnetisierung des Kerns des Transformators verhindert. Mit anderen Worten werden is fed, the effect of which is opposite to the direct current component and prevents the magnetization of the core of the transformer. In other words
sogenannte Gegenamperewindungen in den Transformator so-called Gegenamperewindungen in the transformer
eingebracht, wobei Amperewindung ein anderer Begriff für die magnetische Durchflutung ist. Dabei wird der Ampere turn is another term for the magnetic flux. It is the
Kompensationsstrom durch eine steuerbare Stromquelle in die Kompensationswicklungen eingebracht, wobei in der Regel pro Phase des Transformators eine Kompensationswicklung  Compensation current introduced by a controllable current source in the compensation windings, which is usually a compensation winding per phase of the transformer
vorgesehen ist. is provided.
Damit der Kompensationsstrom leistungsarm eingebracht werden kann, muss das Problem der in den Kompensationswicklungen induzierten Spannungen gelöst werden. Dies geschieht durch einen an sich bekannten Sternpunktbildner, der auch als In order for the compensation current to be introduced with little power, the problem of the voltages induced in the compensation windings must be solved. This is done by a known star point generator, which also as
Nullpunktsbildner oder Erdungstransformator bezeichnet wird. Der Sternpunktbildner generiert einen Sternpunkt bezüglich der Außenleiterspannungen der Kompensationswicklungen. Damit liegen der Sternpunkt der Kompensationswicklungen und der durch den Sternpunktbildner gebildete Sternpunkt auf gleichem Potential. Zwischen diese Sternpunkte kann man nun problemlos eine steuerbare Stromquelle einfügen. Weiters hat der Zero point generator or grounding transformer is called. The neutral point generator generates a star point with respect to the outer conductor voltages of the compensation windings. Thus, the star point of the compensation windings and the star point formed by the neutral point generator are at the same potential. You can now easily insert a controllable current source between these star points. Furthermore, the
Sternpunktbildner den Vorteil, dass Gleichströme, die über seinen Sternpunkt eingebracht werden und sich dann Star point formers have the advantage that DC currents that are introduced via its neutral point and then
gleichmäßig auf alle (drei) seiner Schenkel verteilen, keine Aufmagnetisierung des Kerns des Sternpunktbildners bewirken. distribute evenly on all (three) of its legs, causing no magnetization of the core of the neutralizer.
Eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass zumindest eine Strombegrenzungsdrossel elektrisch in Reihe mit der Stromquelle angeordnet ist. Durch dieses Vorschalten einer Strombegrenzungsdrossel kann man transiente Spannungen effektiv ausfiltern, sodass diese nicht auf die Stromquelle durchschlagen . Durch die steuerbare Stromquelle wird den An embodiment of the invention provides that at least one current limiting inductor is arranged electrically in series with the current source. This pre-switching of a current limiting choke can effectively filter out transient voltages so that they do not break through to the power source. Due to the controllable power source is the
Kompensationswicklungen immer genau jener Strom zugeführt, der für die Kompensation der unerwünschten Gleichströme notwendig ist. Für die Bestimmung des notwendigen  Compensation windings always supplied exactly that current that is necessary for the compensation of the unwanted direct currents. For the determination of the necessary
Kompensationsstroms kann vorgesehen sein, dass die steuerbare Stromquelle mit einer Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen des magnetischen Gleichfluss-Anteils im Transformator verbunden ist. Derartige Messeinrichtungen sind etwa aus der WO Compensating current can be provided that the controllable current source is connected to a measuring device for detecting the magnetic DC component in the transformer. Such measuring devices are from the WO
2012/041368 AI in Form eines magnetischen Nebenschluss-Teils mit einer Sensorspule bekannt. Der Nebenschluss-Teil kann am Kern des Transformators z.B. an einem Schenkel oder am Joch anliegend angeordnet sein, um einen Teil des magnetischen Flusses in einem Bypass zu führen. Aus diesem, im 2012/041368 AI in the form of a magnetic shunt part with a sensor coil known. The shunt part may be connected to the core of the transformer e.g. be arranged adjacent to a leg or on the yoke to pass a portion of the magnetic flux in a bypass. For this, in the
Nebenschluss geführten magnetischen Fluss, lässt sich mittels einer Sensorspule sehr leicht ein langzeitstabiles Shunt-guided magnetic flux can be very easily a long-term stable by means of a sensor coil
Sensorsignal gewinnen, welches gegebenenfalls nach einer Signalaufbereitung den Gleichfluss-Anteil (CD-Anteil) sehr gut abbildet. Der Sternpunktbildner kann zur besseren Lastverteilung  Gain sensor signal, which optionally after signal processing the DC component (CD component) maps very well. The star point generator can be used for better load distribution
Wicklungen in Zickzackschaltung umfassen. Windings in zigzag circuit include.
Kurzbeschreibung der Figuren Brief description of the figures
Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird im nachfolgenden Teil der Beschreibung auf die Figuren Bezug genommen, aus der weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen, Einzelheiten und To further explain the invention, reference is made in the following part of the description to the figures, from the further advantageous embodiments, details and
Weiterbildungen der Erfindung zu entnehmen sind. Es zeigen: Developments of the invention can be seen. Show it:
Figur 1 eine Prinzipschaltung nach dem Stand der Technik zum Einbringen von Kompensationsstrom in eine Figure 1 is a principle circuit according to the prior art for introducing compensation current in a
Kompensationswicklung, umfassend einen  Compensation winding, comprising a
Thyristorkreis ,  Thyristor circle,
Figur 2 eine erfindungsgemäße Prinzipschaltung zum FIG. 2 shows a basic circuit according to the invention for
Einbringen von Kompensationsstrom in  Introduction of compensation current in
Kompensationswicklungen mittels einer steuerbaren Stromquelle . Ausführung der Erfindung Compensation windings by means of a controllable current source. Embodiment of the invention
Gemäß dem Stand der Technik in Fig. 1 wird bei der According to the prior art in Fig. 1 is in the
sogenannten Gleichstrom-Kompensation gezielt Gleichstrom in eine Kompensationswicklung K eingebracht, um die so-called direct current compensation targeted DC current introduced into a compensation winding K to the
Gleichstrommagnetisierung des Transformatorkerns aufzuheben. Zum Einbringen der notwendigen magnetischen Durchflutung (der sogenannten Gleichstrom-Amperewindungen) in die To cancel DC magnetization of the transformer core. For introducing the necessary magnetic flux (the so-called DC Amperewindungen) in the
Kompensationswicklung K macht man sich die in der Compensation winding K makes you look in the
Kompensationswicklung K induzierte Wechselspannung zunutze, die Kompensationswicklung K wirkt wie eine  Compensation winding K induced alternating voltage advantage, the compensation winding K acts as a
Wechselspannungsquelle. An der Kompensationswicklung K wird eine als Thyristor ausgebildete Schalteinheit T in Serie mit einer Strombegrenzungsdrossel L geschaltet. Der erforderliche Gleichstrom kann durch spannungssynchrones Zünden bei einem bestimmten Zündzeitpunkt des Thyristors T eingestellt werden. Zündet man den Thyristor im Spannungsnulldurchgang, so stellt sich der maximale Gleichstrom ein, der jedoch mit einem  AC voltage source. At the compensation winding K designed as a thyristor switching unit T is connected in series with a current limiting inductor L. The required direct current can be adjusted by voltage synchronous ignition at a specific ignition timing of the thyristor T. Ignition of the thyristor in the voltage zero crossing, so sets the maximum direct current, but with a
Wechselstrom von der Amplitude des Gleichstroms und der AC of the amplitude of the DC and the
Netzfrequenz überlagert ist. Zündet man den Thyristor T später, so wird der Gleichstrom kleiner, es entstehen jedoch auch Oberschwingungswechselströme. Der Stromverlauf im Grid frequency is superimposed. If the thyristor T is ignited later, the direct current becomes smaller, but also harmonic alternating currents occur. The current flow in the
Thyristor T wird durch eine Strombegrenzungsdrossel L Thyristor T is controlled by a current limiting inductor L
begrenzt, dimensionierend für die Strombegrenzung ist die zulässige thermische Belastung des Thyristors T. limited, dimensioning for the current limit is the permissible thermal load of the thyristor T.
Erfindungsgemäß werden in Fig. 2 statt dem Thyristor T, und in dieser Ausführungsform auch statt der According to the invention in Fig. 2 instead of the thyristor T, and in this embodiment also instead of
Strombegrenzungsdrossel L, eine steuerbare Stromquelle S und ein Sternpunktbildner H verwendet. Current limiting inductor L, a controllable current source S and a neutral point H used.
Die steuerbare Stromquelle S ist elektrisch direkt in Reihe mit den Kompensationswicklungen Kl, K2, K3 geschaltet, und zwar sind die Eingänge der Kompensationswicklungen Kl, K2, K3 in einem Sternpunkt PI zusammengeschaltet, der direkt mit der Stromquelle S verbunden ist. Je eine Kompensationswicklung Kl, K2, K3 ist auf einem Schenkel eines - hier nicht The controllable current source S is electrically connected directly in series with the compensation windings Kl, K2, K3, namely, the inputs of the compensation windings Kl, K2, K3 are interconnected in a star point PI, which is directly connected to the power source S. Depending on a compensation winding Kl, K2, K3 is on a leg of one - not here
dargestellten - Dreiphasentransformators angeordnet. Beim Sternpunktbildner H sind die drei (hier oberen) shown - arranged three-phase transformer. At the star point former H, the three (here upper)
Primärwicklungen mit ihrem einen Anschlussende jeweils an einen Ausgang einer Kompensationswicklung Kl, K2, K3 Primary windings with their one terminal end in each case to an output of a compensation winding Kl, K2, K3
angeschlossen. Die anderen Anschlussenden sind jeweils mit einem Anschlussende der drei (hier unteren) connected. The other connection ends are each with a connection end of the three (here lower)
Sekundärwicklungen in Zickzackschaltung verbunden. Die anderen Anschlussenden der Sekundärwicklung sind gemeinsam in einem künstlichen Sternpunkt P2 zusammengeführt, der direkt mit der steuerbaren Stromquelle S verbunden ist. Secondary windings connected in a zigzag circuit. The other terminal ends of the secondary winding are combined together in an artificial star point P2, which is connected directly to the controllable current source S.
Zickzackschaltung bedeutet, dass Primär- und Sekundärwicklung einer Phase (hier einer Kompensationswicklung) auf Zigzag switching means that primary and secondary windings of a phase (here a compensation winding) on
verschiedenen Schenkeln des Sternpunktbildners H angeordnet sind bzw. dass die Windungen auf dem selben Schenkel zu unterschiedlichen Phasen (unterschiedlichen different legs of the neutral point H are arranged or that the turns on the same leg to different phases (different
Kompensationswicklungen) gehören . Compensation windings).
Primär- und Sekundärwicklungen des Sternpunktbildners H sind gleich groß, haben also etwa die gleiche Windungszahl, werden aber in unterschiedlichen Richtungen vom Strom durchflössen. Damit wird bei gleichem Strom in unterschiedlichen Wicklungen kein Fluss im Kern des Sternpunktbildners H induziert. Die Stromquelle S ist direkt einerseits mit dem Sternpunkt PI der Kompensationswicklungen Kl, K2, K3 und andererseits mit dem Sternpunkt P2 des Sternpunktbildners H elektrisch Primary and secondary windings of the neutral point H are the same size, so have about the same number of turns, but are flowed through in different directions from the stream. Thus, no flux is induced in the core of the neutral point H at the same current in different windings. The current source S is directly on the one hand with the neutral point PI of the compensation windings Kl, K2, K3 and on the other hand with the neutral point P2 of the neutral point H electric
verbunden . Ähnlich zur Fig. 1 könnte auch bei Fig. 2 eine connected . Similar to Fig. 1 could also in Fig. 2 a
Strombegrenzungsdrossel L elektrisch in Reihe mit der  Current limiting inductor L electrical in series with the
Stromquelle S angeordnet sein. Power source S be arranged.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Methode können leistungsarm große Kompensationsströme und damit große Gegenamperewindungen in den Transformator eingebracht werden. Die dafür verwendeten Komponenten an der Mittelspannungsebene, wie der With the method according to the invention, low-power large compensation currents and thus large counterampere turns can be introduced into the transformer. The components used for this purpose at the medium voltage level, such as
Sternpunktbildner H, sind an sich bekannt und verfügbar. Das Einbringen von Kompensationswicklungen mit induzierten Spannungen auf Mittelspannungsebene stellt an sich ebenfalls bereits erprobte Technik dar. Der Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, dass die steuerbare Stromquelle auf Neutral point generator H, are known per se and available. The introduction of compensation windings with induced Voltages at the medium voltage level are in themselves also already proven technology. The advantage of the present invention is that the controllable current source
Erdpotential liegt. Man kann mit der Mittelspannungsebene auf 10 kV, 20 kV oder 30 kV gehen. Dabei reduziert sich der Earth potential lies. You can go with the medium voltage level to 10 kV, 20 kV or 30 kV. This reduces the
Kompensations-Gelichstrom und man kann mit handelsüblichen Stromquellen arbeiten. Der Sternpunktbildner ist sehr  Compensating Gelichstrom and you can work with commercial power sources. The neutral point generator is very
unempfindlich gegen Sternpunkts-Gleichströme, da sich diese gleichmäßig aufteilen und keine zusätzliche Insensitive to neutral DC currents, as they divide evenly and no additional
Kernmagnetisierung bewirken. Cause nuclear magnetization.
Bezugs zeichenliste : H Sternpunktbildner Reference character list: H star point generator
K, Kl, K2 , K3 Kompensationswicklung  K, Kl, K2, K3 compensation winding
L Strombegrenzungsdrossel  L Current limiting choke
PI Sternpunkt der Kompensationswicklungen Kl, K2,  PI star point of the compensation windings Kl, K2,
K3  K3
P2 Sternpunkt des Sternpunktbildners H P2 star point of the neutral point generator H
T Schalteinheit (Thyristor)  T switching unit (thyristor)

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung zur Verringerung eines magnetischen 1. Device for reducing a magnetic
Gleichfluss-Anteils im Kern eines Transformators,  DC component in the core of a transformer,
insbesondere eines Dreiphasentransformators, umfassend mehrere Kompensationswicklungen (Kl, K2, K3) , welche magnetisch mit dem Kern des Transformators gekoppelt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  in particular a three-phase transformer, comprising a plurality of compensating windings (Kl, K2, K3) which are magnetically coupled to the core of the transformer, characterized in that
- eine steuerbare Stromquelle (S) zum Einspeisen von Strom in die Kompensationswicklungen (Kl, K2, K3) vorgesehen ist, welche elektrisch in Reihe mit den  a controllable current source (S) is provided for feeding current into the compensating windings (Kl, K2, K3), which are electrically connected in series with the
Kompensationswicklungen (Kl, K2, K3) angeordnet ist, und zwar mit deren Sternpunkt (PI), der von den Eingängen der Kompensationswicklungen (Kl, K2, K3) gebildet wird, und Compensation windings (Kl, K2, K3) is arranged, with its neutral point (PI), which is formed by the inputs of the compensation windings (Kl, K2, K3), and
- ein Sternpunktbildner (H) vorgesehen ist, der elektrisch leitend mit den Ausgängen der Kompensationswicklungen (Kl, K2, K3) verbunden ist, und - A star point generator (H) is provided, which is electrically connected to the outputs of the compensation windings (Kl, K2, K3), and
- die Stromquelle (S) den Sternpunkt (PI) der  - the current source (S) the star point (PI) of
Kompensationswicklungen (Kl, K2, K3) und den Sternpunkt (P2) des Sternpunktbildners (H) elektrisch miteinander verbindet .  Compensating windings (Kl, K2, K3) and the neutral point (P2) of the neutral point generator (H) electrically interconnects.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eine Strombegrenzungsdrossel (L) elektrisch in Reihe mit der Stromquelle (S) angeordnet ist. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one current limiting inductor (L) is arranged electrically in series with the current source (S).
3. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die steuerbare Stromquelle (S) mit einer Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen des magnetischen 3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the controllable current source (S) with a measuring device for detecting the magnetic
Gleichfluss-Anteils verbunden ist.  DC share is connected.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass pro Phase des Transformators eine Kompensationswicklung (Kl, K2, K3) vorgesehen ist.  in that a compensation winding (K1, K2, K3) is provided per phase of the transformer.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass der Sternpunktbildner (H) Wicklungen in Zickzackschaltung umfasst.  in that the star point former (H) comprises zigzag windings.
EP13726491.7A 2013-05-28 2013-05-28 Apparatus for reducing a magnetic unidirectional flux component in the core of a transformer Active EP3005383B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/060948 WO2014191023A1 (en) 2013-05-28 2013-05-28 Apparatus for reducing a magnetic unidirectional flux component in the core of a transformer

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EP3005383B1 EP3005383B1 (en) 2019-10-09

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EP (1) EP3005383B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101806293B1 (en)
CN (1) CN105229759B (en)
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WO (1) WO2014191023A1 (en)

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PL3179492T3 (en) * 2015-12-09 2019-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Protective device for a transformer against geomagnetically induced currents
CN115389807B (en) * 2022-10-27 2023-03-24 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Transformer neutral point direct current sensor based on fluxgate

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US20160125999A1 (en) 2016-05-05
US10083789B2 (en) 2018-09-25
CA2910674C (en) 2018-03-13
WO2014191023A1 (en) 2014-12-04
CN105229759B (en) 2017-06-30
EP3005383B1 (en) 2019-10-09
BR112015029477B8 (en) 2023-04-25
CA2910674A1 (en) 2014-12-04
KR20160012223A (en) 2016-02-02
CN105229759A (en) 2016-01-06
BR112015029477B1 (en) 2021-06-29
BR112015029477A2 (en) 2017-07-25

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