EP2994521A1 - Lubrifiant pour moteur marin - Google Patents
Lubrifiant pour moteur marinInfo
- Publication number
- EP2994521A1 EP2994521A1 EP14722191.5A EP14722191A EP2994521A1 EP 2994521 A1 EP2994521 A1 EP 2994521A1 EP 14722191 A EP14722191 A EP 14722191A EP 2994521 A1 EP2994521 A1 EP 2994521A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant
- cylinder
- carbon atoms
- fatty amine
- milligrams
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 340
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 214
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 189
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 67
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 63
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 63
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 63
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 62
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 55
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical class [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 53
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 amine fatty acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005609 naphthenate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 30
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 28
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- PWSBCLRIHVDWRH-SSDVNMTOSA-N methyl 2-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(e)-(4-chlorophenyl)methylideneamino]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]acetate Chemical compound N=1C(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C(CC(=O)OC)SC=1\N=C\C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PWSBCLRIHVDWRH-SSDVNMTOSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007866 anti-wear additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000010727 cylinder oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 5
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical group O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KSSJBGNOJJETTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N COC1=C(C=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=2C3(C4=CC(=CC=C4C=2C=C1)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=1C=CC(=CC=13)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC Chemical compound COC1=C(C=CC=C1)N(C1=CC=2C3(C4=CC(=CC=C4C=2C=C1)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1C=1C=CC(=CC=13)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)N(C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)OC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC KSSJBGNOJJETTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013538 functional additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- NKJOXAZJBOMXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-Oxybisoctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCC NKJOXAZJBOMXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WECIKJKLCDCIMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2-cyanoethyl)acetamide Chemical compound ClCC(=O)NCCC#N WECIKJKLCDCIMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RREANTFLPGEWEN-MBLPBCRHSA-N 7-[4-[[(3z)-3-[4-amino-5-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]pyrimidin-2-yl]imino-5-fluoro-2-oxoindol-1-yl]methyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(CC=2C(=NC(\N=C/3C4=CC(F)=CC=C4N(CN4CCN(CC4)C=4C(=CC=5C(=O)C(C(O)=O)=CN(C=5C=4)C4CC4)F)C\3=O)=NC=2)N)=C1 RREANTFLPGEWEN-MBLPBCRHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000273930 Brevoortia tyrannus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTHAQRDGBHUQMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S]P(=O)=O Chemical compound [S]P(=O)=O BTHAQRDGBHUQMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;diphenoxide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMRQTIAUOLVKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004534 cecum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004659 dithiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003879 lubricant additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamodithioate Chemical compound C(N)([S-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006112 polar polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000899 pressurised-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/06—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
- C10M135/10—Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
- C10M2203/1085—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
- C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/52—Base number [TBN]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
- C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives
Definitions
- the present invention is applicable to the field of lubricants, and more particularly to the field of lubricants for marine engines, especially for two-stroke marine engines. More particularly, the present invention relates to a marine engine lubricant comprising at least one base oil, at least one overbased detergent, at least one neutral detergent and at least one fatty amine.
- the lubricant according to the invention can be used with both high-sulfur fuel oils and low sulfur fuel oils.
- the lubricant according to the invention has a sufficient neutralization capacity with respect to the sulfuric acid formed during the combustion of high-sulfur fuel oils, while limiting the formation of deposits during the use of fuel oils. low sulfur content.
- the lubricant according to the invention more particularly makes it possible to prevent corrosion and / or to reduce the formation of deposits of insoluble metal salts in two-stroke marine engines during the combustion of any type of fuel oil, ie at high and at low fuel content. sulfur.
- the lubricant according to the invention also has good properties of thermal resistance and cleanliness of the cylinder piston assembly.
- the present invention also relates to a method for lubricating a marine engine, and more particularly to a two-stroke marine engine that can be used both with high-sulfur fuel oils and low-sulfur fuel oils using this lubricant.
- the present invention also relates to a concentrated type composition of additives comprising at least one fatty amine.
- the marine oils used in two-stroke slow-cycle engines are of two types: the cylinder oils on the one hand, ensuring the lubrication of the cylinder piston assembly, and the system oils on the other hand, ensuring the lubrication of all the moving parts other than those of the cylinder piston assembly.
- the combustion residues containing acid gases are in contact with the lubricating oil.
- Acid gases are formed during the combustion of fuel oils; these are in particular sulfur oxides (SO 2 , SO 3 ), which are then hydrolysed on contact with the moisture present in the combustion gases and / or in the oil. This hydrolysis generates sulfurous acid (HS0 3 ) or sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ). To preserve the surface of the liners and avoid excessive corrosive wear, these acids must be neutralized, which is usually done by reaction with the basic sites included in the lubricant.
- SO 2 , SO 3 sulfur oxides
- SO 4 sulfuric acid
- the capacity of neutralization of an oil is measured by its BN or Base Number in English, characterizing its basicity. It is measured according to the standard ASTM D-2896 and is expressed in equivalent weight of potash per gram of oil or mg of KOH / g of oil.
- the BN is a standard criterion for adjusting the basicity of cylinder oils to the sulfur content of the fuel used, in order to neutralize all the sulfur contained in the fuel, and likely to be converted into sulfuric acid by combustion and hydrolysis.
- BN marine oils ranging from 5 to 100 mg KOH / g oil are available on the market.
- This basicity is provided by detergents which are overbased by insoluble metal salts, especially metal carbonates.
- the detergents mainly of the anionic type, are, for example, metal salicylate, phenate, sulphonate or carboxylate soaps which form micelles in which the insoluble metal salt particles are kept in suspension.
- the usual overbased detergents intrinsically have a BN conventionally comprised between 150 and 700 mg of potash per gram of detergent. Their mass content in the lubricant is determined according to the BN level to be reached.
- Part of the BN can also be provided by non-overbased or "neutral" detergents of BN typically less than 150 mg of potash per gram of detergent.
- neutral detergents of BN typically less than 150 mg of potash per gram of detergent.
- the insoluble metal salts of the overbased detergents for example calcium carbonate, thus contribute significantly to the BN of the usual lubricants. It can be considered that at least 50%, typically 75%, of the BN of the cylinder lubricants is thus provided by these insoluble salts.
- the detergent part itself, or metal soaps, found in both neutral and overbased detergents typically provides the bulk of the BN complement.
- vessels entering these zones must use fuel with a maximum sulfur content of 1.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil or any other alternative treatment aimed at limiting SOx emissions to meet the specified values.
- the switching between these two categories of fuel oil may require adaptation of the operating conditions of the engine, in particular the implementation of appropriate cylinder lubricants.
- marine lubricants having a BN in the order of 70 mg KOH / mg of lubricant are mainly used.
- marine lubricants having a BN of the order of 40 mg KOH / mg of lubricant are mainly recommended.
- each of these lubricants has limitations of use for the following reasons: the use of a BN cylinder lubricant 70 mg KOH / g lubricant in the presence of a low sulfur fuel oil (1% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil and less) and fixed lubrication rate, creates a large excess of basic sites and a risk of destabilization micelles of unused overbased detergents, which contain insoluble metal salts. This destabilization can result in the formation of insoluble metal salt deposits (eg calcium carbonate) and having a high hardness, mainly on the piston ring, and eventually can lead to a risk of excessive wear of polishing shirt. As for the use of a cylinder lubricant of BN 40 mg KOH / g of lubricant, such a BN does not provide sufficient neutralizing capacity to the lubricant and thus can cause a significant risk of corrosion.
- a cylinder lubricant of BN 40 mg KOH / g of lubricant such a BN
- the optimization of the cylinder lubrication of a two-stroke engine then requires the selection of a lubricant whose BN is adapted to the sulfur content of the fuel used and the operating conditions of the engine. This optimization reduces the operating flexibility of the engine and requires a significant technical crew in the definition of the conditions in which the change of one type of lubricant to another must be achieved.
- WO 2009/153453 discloses a two-cycle marine engine cylinder lubricant usable with both high sulfur and low sulfur fuel oils and comprising at least one overbased detergent and at least one fatty amine soluble in oil.
- the presence of a neutral detergent is optional.
- the mass percentage of overbased detergents relative to the total weight of the lubricant is chosen so that the BN supplied by the carbonate metal salts represents a contribution of at most 20 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant at the total BN of the lubricant.
- the fatty amines exemplified in this document and making it possible to improve the neutralization efficiency correspond to mono- or fatty diamines.
- WO 2012/140215 discloses a two-cycle marine engine cylinder lubricant usable with both high sulfur and low sulfur fuel oils and comprising at least one overbased detergent, at least one neutral detergent and at least one less an alkoxylated fatty amine.
- alkoxylated fatty amines exemplified in this document and making it possible to improve the neutralization efficiency correspond to alkoxylated fatty monoamines.
- the BN of the lubricant described in this document can not be too high, and in particular can not be greater than 55 mg KOH / mg of lubricant.
- a cylinder lubricant for a marine engine especially for a two-stroke marine engine, which can be used both with high-sulfur fuel oils and with low-sulfur fuel oils and which makes it possible at the same time to have a high BN, especially at least 50 mg KOH / g of cylinder lubricant, and a good capacity for neutralization, while having a good thermal resistance and thus a good engine cleanliness, including the cylinder piston assembly. It would also be desirable to have a marine engine cylinder lubricant, especially for two-stroke marine engine, with no or very little risk of thickening over time, and in particular during its use.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder lubricant overcoming all or in part the aforementioned disadvantages.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder lubricant resistant to aging and retaining its properties over time.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a cylinder lubricant whose formulation is easy to implement.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for lubricating a marine engine, and more particularly a two-stroke marine engine that can be used with both high-sulfur fuel oils and low-sulfur fuel oils. .
- the present invention relates to a cylinder lubricant having a BN sufficiently high to effectively neutralize the sulfuric acid formed in the use of high sulfur fuel oils, a significant portion of said BN being provided by oil soluble species. which do not give rise to metal deposits when they are partly consumed when using low sulfur fuel oils.
- the present invention therefore relates to a cylinder lubricant having a BN determined according to ASTM D-2896 greater than or equal to 50 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, comprising:
- At least one lubricating base oil At least one lubricating base oil
- a mixture of fatty amines comprising at least one fatty amine of formula (I):
- Ri represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group comprising at least 14 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group - (Ch 2 OH, the content by weight of fatty amine of formula (I) being greater than or equal to 90% relative to the total weight of the mixture of fatty amines,
- the mass percentage of fatty amine relative to the total weight of the lubricant being chosen so that the BN supplied by this compound represents a contribution of at least 10 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said cylinder lubricant and,
- the weight percentage of the overbased detergent relative to the total weight of the lubricant being chosen so that the BN supplied by the carbonate metal salts represents a contribution of at least 20 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said lubricant cylinder .
- the Applicant has found that it is possible to formulate cylinder lubricants where a significant part of the BN is provided by soluble amines in the lubricating base oil, while maintaining the level of performance compared to conventional formulations of BN. equivalent or higher.
- the cylinder lubricant according to the invention thus has such performance, while maintaining a viscosity that makes it suitable for use.
- insoluble metal salts also have a favorable antiwear effect provided that they are kept dispersed in the lubricant in the form of stable micelles.
- the Applicant has also found, surprisingly, that in the presence of a significant contribution of BN by said fatty amines, and despite a significant contribution, ie at least 20 mg of potash per gram of lubricant, BN by Insoluble metal salts of overbased detergents, typically metal carbonates, the cylinder lubricant retains good neutralizing capacity and good thermal resistance.
- the present invention makes it possible to formulate cylinder lubricants for a marine engine, especially for a two-stroke marine engine, which makes it possible both to be used with high-sulfur fuel oils and low-sulfur fuel oils and to enable the times to have a high BN while maintaining other lubricant performance.
- the cylinder lubricants according to the invention have a good ability to neutralize sulfuric acid.
- the cylinder lubricants according to the invention have a good thermal resistance.
- the cylinder lubricants according to the invention retain a good stability of the viscosity over time.
- the cylinder lubricants according to the invention have no or very little risk of thickening depending on the conditions of use.
- the cylinder lubricant according to the invention does not comprise fatty amines other than fatty amines corresponding to formula (I).
- the cylinder lubricant according to the invention may comprise one or more fatty amines of formula (I) but does not comprise fatty amines other than the amine or fatty amines of formula (I).
- the invention relates to a cylinder lubricant having a BN determined according to ASTM D-2896 greater than or equal to 50 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, comprising:
- At least one lubricating base oil At least one lubricating base oil
- At least one primary, secondary or tertiary fatty monoalcohol the alkyl chain of which is saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched and comprising at least 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, plus preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, advantageously the primary monohydric alcohols with saturated linear alkyl chain,
- a mixture of fatty amines comprising at least one fatty amine of formula (I):
- Ri represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group comprising at least 14 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group - (CH 2 ) 2 OH, the content by weight of fatty amine of formula (I) being greater than or equal to
- the mass percentage of fatty amine relative to the total weight of the lubricant being chosen so that the BN supplied by this compound represents a contribution of at least 10 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said cylinder lubricant and,
- the weight percentage of overbased detergent relative to the total weight of the lubricant being chosen so that the BN supplied by the carbonate metal salts represents a contribution of at least 20 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said lubricant cylinder .
- the cylinder lubricant consists essentially of:
- At least one lubricating base oil At least one lubricating base oil
- a mixture of fatty amines comprising at least one fatty amine of formula (I):
- Ri represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group comprising at least 14 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group - (CH 2 ) 2 OH, the weight content of fatty amine of formula (I) being greater than or equal to
- the mass percentage of fatty amine relative to the total weight of the lubricant being chosen so that the BN supplied by this compound represents a contribution of at least 10 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said cylinder lubricant and,
- the weight percentage of overbased detergent relative to the total weight of the lubricant being chosen so that the BN supplied by the carbonate metal salts represents a contribution of at least 20 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said lubricant cylinder .
- the cylinder lubricant consists essentially of:
- At least one lubricating base oil At least one lubricating base oil
- At least one primary, secondary or tertiary fatty monoalcohol the alkyl chain of which is saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched and comprising at least 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, carbon, advantageously the primary monoalcohols linear saturated alkyl chain,
- a mixture of fatty amines comprising at least one fatty amine of formula (I):
- Ri represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group comprising at least 14 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group - (CH 2 ) 2 OH, the content by weight of fatty amine of formula (I) being greater than or equal to
- the mass percentage of fatty amine relative to the total weight of the lubricant being chosen so that the BN brought by this compound represents a contribution of not less than 10 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of the cylinder lubricant and,
- the weight percentage of overbased detergent relative to the total weight of the lubricant being chosen so that the BN supplied by the carbonate metal salts represents a contribution of at least 20 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said lubricant cylinder ,
- the invention also relates to the use of a cylinder lubricant as defined above for lubricating a two-stroke marine engine.
- the invention also relates to the use of a cylinder lubricant as defined above as a single cylinder lubricant which can be used both with fuel oils with a sulfur content of less than 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil, with fuel oil with a sulfur content ranging from 1 to 3.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil and with fuel oils with a sulfur content of greater than 3.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil.
- the cylinder lubricant as defined above is used as a single cylinder lubricant usable both with fuel oils with a sulfur content of less than 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil and with fuel oils. sulfur content ranging from 1 to 3.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil.
- the invention also relates to the use of a cylinder lubricant as defined above for preventing corrosion and / or reducing the formation of deposits of insoluble metal salts in two-stroke marine engines during the combustion of any type of fuel oil. whose sulfur content is less than 3.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil.
- the invention also relates to an additive concentrate, for the preparation of a cylinder lubricant having a BN determined according to ASTM D-2896 greater than or equal to 50 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, said concentrate having a BN ranging from 100 to 400 mg potash per gram of concentrate, and comprising at least one detergent based on alkali or alkaline earth metals, overbased with carbonate metal salts, at least one neutral detergent and at least one fatty amine having a BN ranging from 150 to 600 mg of potassium hydroxide / g of amine according to ASTM D-2896 and of formula (I):
- R 1 - [NR 2 (CH 2 ) 3 ] 3 -NH 2 the mass percentage of said fatty amine in the concentrate being chosen so as to provide said concentrate a BN contribution determined according to ASTM D-2896 ranging from 20 to 300 milligrams of potassium per gram of concentrate.
- the invention also relates to a method of lubricating a two-stroke marine engine comprising at least one step of contacting the engine with a cylinder lubricant as defined above or obtained from the additive concentrate as described above. .
- the invention also relates to a method for preventing corrosion and / or reducing the formation of deposits of insoluble metal salts in two-stroke marine engines during the combustion of any type of fuel oil with a sulfur content of less than 3.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil, comprising at least one step of contacting the engine with a cylinder lubricant as defined above or obtained from the additive concentrate as described above.
- the lubricant cylinder according to the invention comprises a mixture of fatty amines comprising at least one fatty amine of formula (I):
- Ri represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group comprising at least 14 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group - (Ch 2 OH, the content by weight of fatty amine of formula (I) being greater than or equal to 90% relative to the total weight of the mixture of fatty amines,
- the fatty amine having a BN determined according to ASTM D-2896 ranging from 150 to 600 milligrams of potash per gram of amine.
- Fatty amine means the fatty amine of formula (I).
- a mixture of fatty amines means a mixture of fatty amines at least one fatty amine is a fatty amine of formula (I).
- the BN of the fatty amine determined according to ASTM D-2896 can range from 250 to 600 milligrams of potash per gram of amine, preferably from 300 to 500 milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of amine.
- the BN of the amine mixture determined according to ASTM D-2896 can range from 250 to 600 milligrams of potash per gram of amine, preferably from 300 to 500 milligrams of potash per gram of amines.
- Fatty amines are mainly obtained from carboxylic acids.
- the starting fatty acids for obtaining fatty amines according to the invention may be chosen from myristic, pentadecyl, palmitic, margaric, stearic, nonadecylic, arachidic, henicosanoic, behenic, tricosanoic, lignoceric, pentacosanoic, cerotic, heptacosanoic and montanic acids.
- nonacosanoic nonacosanoic, melissic, hentriacontanoic, laceroic or unsaturated fatty acids such as palmitoleic, oleic, erucic, nervonic, linoleic, linolenic, gamma-linolenic, di-homo-gamma-linolenic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic.
- unsaturated fatty acids such as palmitoleic, oleic, erucic, nervonic, linoleic, linolenic, gamma-linolenic, di-homo-gamma-linolenic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic.
- the preferred fatty acids may be derived from the hydrolysis of triglycerides present in vegetable and animal oils, such as coconut oil, palm oil, olive oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, cotton, flax, beef tallow, .... Natural oils may have been genetically modified to enrich their content in certain fatty acids.
- vegetable and animal oils such as coconut oil, palm oil, olive oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, cotton, flax, beef tallow, ....
- Natural oils may have been genetically modified to enrich their content in certain fatty acids.
- rapeseed oil or oleic sunflower oil By way of example, mention may be made of rapeseed oil or oleic sunflower oil.
- the fatty amines used in the lubricants according to the invention can be obtained from natural, vegetable or animal resources.
- the fatty amine mixture comprises at least one fatty amine of formula (I) in which R 1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 14 to 22 carbon atoms. preferably from 16 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the fatty amine mixture comprises at least one fatty amine of formula (I) in which R 2 represents a hydrogen atom.
- the fatty amine mixture comprises at least one fatty amine of formula (I) in which:
- R 1 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 14 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably from 16 to 20 carbon atoms, and
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom.
- the mixture of fatty amines is in the form of:
- the mixture of fatty amines is in the form:
- the mixture of fatty amines is in the form of:
- R 1 represents a linear or branched unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 16 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 18 to 20 carbon atoms, and R 2 represents a hydrogen atom , and
- R 1 represents a linear or branched saturated alkyl group comprising from 16 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 18 to 20 carbon atoms and R 2 represents a hydrogen atom .
- the mixture of fatty amines is in the form:
- R 1 represents a linear or branched saturated alkyl group comprising from 16 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 18 to 20 carbon atoms and R 2 represents a hydrogen atom ,
- the sum of the weight content of said fatty amines of formula (I) being greater than or equal to 90% and strictly less than 100% relative to the weight of said mixture of fatty amines.
- mixtures of fatty amines according to the invention include the Tetrameen OV and Tetrameen T products marketed by Akzo Nobel.
- the mass percentage of fatty amine relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant according to the invention is chosen so that the BN supplied by this compound represents a contribution of at least 10 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN. said cylinder lubricant
- the part of BN provided by a fatty amine in the lubricant cylinder according to the invention is calculated from its intrinsic BN measured according to the ASTM D standard. -2896 and its mass percentage in the finished lubricant:
- Amino BN lub x. BN amine / 100
- Amine BN lub contribution of amine to BN of the finished lubricant
- Amino BN intrinsic BN of the amine alone (ASTM D-2896).
- the mass percentage of fatty amine relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant is chosen so that the BN supplied by this compound represents a contribution of 10 to 60 milligrams of potash per gram.
- lubricant more preferably 10 to 30 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said cylinder lubricant.
- the mass percentage of fatty amine relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant is chosen so that the BN supplied by this compound represents at least 10%, preferably 10 to 50% by weight. %, more preferably 10 to 30% of the total BN of said cylinder lubricant.
- the mass percentage of the mixture of fatty amines relative to the total weight of cylinder lubricant ranges from 2 to 10%.
- the mass percentage of the mixture of fatty amines relative to the total weight of cylinder lubricant ranges from 2 to 6%.
- the cylinder lubricant according to the invention does not comprise fatty amines other than fatty amines corresponding to formula (I).
- the cylinder lubricant may comprise at least one other additional fatty amine other than the fatty amines of formula (I).
- the additional fatty amine may be chosen from monoamines, diamines, fatty triamines, non-alkoxylated or alkoxylated.
- the weight content of fatty amine of formula (I) is strictly less than 100% relative to the total weight of the fatty amine mixture.
- the weight content of fatty amine of formula (I) ranges from 90 to 99.9% relative to the total weight of the mixture of fatty amines.
- the cylinder lubricant according to the invention comprises at least one detergent based on alkaline or alkaline-earth metals, overbased with carbonate metal salts and at least one neutral detergent, the weight percentage of the overbased detergent relative to the total weight of the lubricant being chosen so that the BN supplied by the carbonate metal salts represents a contribution of at least 20 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said cylinder lubricant.
- the detergents commonly used in the formulation of lubricants are typically anionic compounds having a long lipophilic hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic head.
- the associated cation is typically a metal cation of an alkali or alkaline earth metal.
- the detergents are preferably chosen from alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, sulphonates, salicylates and naphthenates, as well as the salts of phenates.
- the alkali and alkaline earth metals are preferably calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium. These metal salts may contain the metal in an approximately stoichiometric amount relative to the anionic group (s) of the detergent. In this case, we speak of non-overbased or "neutral" detergents, although they also bring some basicity. These "neutral" detergents typically have a BN, measured according to ASTM D2896, less than 150 mg KOH / g, or less than 100 mg KOH / g, or even less than 80 mg KOH / g detergent.
- neutral detergents can contribute in part to the BN cylinder lubricants according to the present invention.
- neutral detergents of carboxylates, sulphonates, salicylates, phenates, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal naphthenates, for example calcium, sodium, magnesium or barium, will be used.
- BN is high, greater than 150 mg KOH / g of detergent, typically ranging from 200 to 700 mg KOH / g of detergent, preferably from 250 to 450 mg KOH / g of detergent.
- the excess metal providing the overbased detergent character is in the form of oil insoluble metal salts, for example carbonate, hydroxide, oxalate, acetate, glutamate, preferably carbonate.
- the metals of these insoluble salts may be the same as those of the oil-soluble detergents or may be different. They are preferably selected from calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium.
- the overbased detergents are thus in the form of micelles composed of insoluble metal salts held in suspension in the cylinder lubricant by the detergents in the form of oil-soluble metal salts.
- These micelles may contain one or more types of insoluble metal salts, stabilized by one or more detergent types.
- Overbased detergents with a single type of detergent soluble metal salt will generally be named after the nature of the hydrophobic chain of the latter detergent.
- the overbased detergents will be said to be of mixed type if the micelles comprise several types of detergents, different from each other by the nature of their hydrophobic chain.
- the overbased detergent and the neutral detergent may be selected from carboxylates, sulfonates, salicylates, naphthenates, phenates, and mixed detergents associating at least two of these types of detergents.
- the overbased detergent and the neutral detergent are compounds based on metals chosen from calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium, preferentially calcium or magnesium.
- the overbased detergent is overbased by metal insoluble salts selected from the group of alkali and alkaline earth metal carbonates, preferentially calcium carbonate.
- the overbased detergent is chosen from phenates, sulphonates, salicylates and mixed detergents phenates - sulphonates - salicylates, overbased with calcium carbonate, more preferentially sulphonates and phenates overbased by calcium carbonate.
- part of the BN is provided by the insoluble metal salts of the overbased detergent, in particular the metal carbonates.
- the BN supplied by the carbonate metal salts (or BN carbonate or BN Ca co 3 ) is measured on the overbased detergent alone and / or on the final lubricant according to the method described below.
- the BN provided by the carbonate metal salts accounts for 50 to 95% of the total BN of the overbased detergent alone.
- neutral detergents also include some content (much less important than overbased detergents) in insoluble metal salts (calcium carbonate), and can themselves contribute to the BN carbonate.
- the weight percentage of the overbased detergent relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant is chosen so that the BN supplied by the carbonate metal salts represents a contribution ranging from 20 to 90 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, preferably from 30 to 70 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said lubricant cylinder.
- the mass percentage of the overbased detergent relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant is chosen so that the BN supplied by the carbonate metal salts represents a contribution strictly greater than 20 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said cylinder lubricant.
- the weight percentage of the overbased detergent relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant is chosen so that the BN supplied by the carbonate metal salts represents a contribution greater than 20 milligrams of potassium hydroxide. per gram of lubricant and less than or equal to 90 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant and lower, preferably ranging from 30 to 70 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said cylinder lubricant.
- insoluble metal salts have a favorable antiwear effect provided that they are kept dispersed in the lubricant in the form of stable micelles.
- the detergents themselves which may be detergent soaps of the essentially phenate, sulphonate or salicylate type, also contribute to the BN of the cylinder lubricants according to the invention.
- the BN of the cylinder lubricants according to the invention therefore comprises several distinct components, of which at least:
- organic BN The BN complement, hereinafter referred to as "organic BN", which can be measured by the difference between the total ASTM D-2896 BN of the lubricant and its BN carbonate, and provided:
- this aminated BN being determined as a function of the BN of the amines measured by ASTM D-2896 and the mass percentage of fatty amines).
- the mass percentage of the overbased detergent and the neutral detergent relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant is chosen so that the organic BN, provided by the detergent soaps, can represent a contribution of 'at least 10 milligrams of potash per gram lubricant, preferably ranging from 10 to 60 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, more preferably from 10 to 40 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant to the total BN of said lubricant cylinder.
- the weight percentage of the overbased detergent relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant can range from 8 to 30%, preferably from 10 to 30%.
- the weight percentage of the neutral detergent relative to the total weight of cylinder lubricant can range from 5 to 15%, preferably from 5 to 10%.
- the BN of the cylinder lubricants according to the present invention is provided by at least one overbased detergent based on alkali or alkaline earth metals, at least one neutral detergent and at least one fatty amine of formula (I).
- the value of this BN is greater than or equal to 50 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant.
- the BN of a marine engine cylinder lubricant will be chosen according to the conditions of use of said lubricants and in particular according to the sulfur content of the fuel oil used in combination with said cylinder lubricants.
- the BN of the cylinder lubricant can range from 50 to 100 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, preferably 60 to 90 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant.
- the BN of the cylinder lubricant ranges from 65 to 80 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, preferably from 65 to 75 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant.
- the lubricating base oils used for the formulation of cylinder lubricants according to the present invention can be oils of mineral, synthetic or vegetable origin as well as their mixtures.
- the mineral or synthetic oils generally used in the application belong to one of the groups I to V according to the classes defined in the API classification (or their equivalents according to the ATI EL classification) such that summarized below.
- the lubricating base oil (s) used in the cylinder lubricants according to the invention may be chosen from the oils of synthetic origin of group VI according to the ATI EL classification.
- the API classification is defined in American Petroleum Institute 1509 "Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System" 17th edition, September 2012.
- the ATI EL classification is defined in "The ATI EL Code of Practice", Issue 18, November 2012.
- the Group I mineral oils can be obtained by distillation of selected naphthenic or paraffinic crudes and then purification of these distillates by processes such as solvent extraction, solvent or catalytic dewaxing, hydrotreating or hydrogenation.
- the oils of Groups II and III are obtained by more severe purification methods, for example a combination among hydrotreatment, hydrocracking, hydrogenation and catalytic dewaxing.
- Group IV and V synthetic bases include polyisobutenes, alkylbenzenes and poly-alpha olefins such as polybutenes
- lubricating base oils may be used alone or in admixture.
- a mineral oil can be combined with a synthetic oil.
- Two-stroke marine engine cylinder oils have a viscosity grade SAE-40 to SAE-60, typically SAE-50 equivalent to a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C of between 16.3 and 21.9 mm 2 / s measured according to standard ASTM D445.
- SAE-40 grade oils have a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C of between 12.5 and 16.3 cSt measured according to ASTM D445.
- SAE-50 grade oils have a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C between 16.3 and 21.9 cSt measured according to ASTM D445.
- SAE-60 grade oils have a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C between 21.9 and 26.1 cSt measured according to ASTM D445.
- the cylinder lubricants have a kinematic viscosity measured according to ASTM D445 at 100 ° C ranging from 12.5 to 26.1 cSt, preferably from 16.3 to 21.9 cSt.
- This viscosity can be obtained by mixing additives and base oils, for example containing Group I mineral bases such as Neutral Solvent (for example 500NS or 600 NS) and Brightstock bases. Any other combination of mineral, synthetic or vegetable bases having, in admixture with the additives, a viscosity compatible with the grade SAE-50 may be used.
- Group I mineral bases such as Neutral Solvent (for example 500NS or 600 NS) and Brightstock bases.
- Neutral Solvent for example 500NS or 600 NS
- Brightstock bases for example 500NS or 600 NS
- Any other combination of mineral, synthetic or vegetable bases having, in admixture with the additives, a viscosity compatible with the grade SAE-50 may be used.
- a conventional two-stroke marine engine cylinder lubricant formulation is SAE-40 to SAE-60, preferably SAE-50 (SA37 J300) and includes at least 40% by weight of lubricating base oil.
- lubricating base oil mineral or synthetic origin or mixtures thereof, suitable for use with a marine engine.
- a lubricating base oil of group I according to the API classification that is to say obtained by the following operations: distillation of selected crudes then purification of these distillates by processes such as solvent extraction, dewaxing with solvent or catalytic, hydrotreatment or hydrogenation, can be used for the formulation of a cylinder lubricant.
- Group I lubricating base oils have a Viscosity Index (VI) ranging from 80 to 120; their sulfur content is greater than 0.03% and their content of saturated hydrocarbon compounds is less than 90%.
- VI Viscosity Index
- a conventional two-cycle marine engine cylinder lubricant formulation contains from 18 to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of lubricant, of a BSS type I group base oil (distillation residue, kinematic viscosity).
- the cylinder lubricant may further comprise an additional compound selected from:
- primary, secondary or tertiary fatty monoalcohols whose alkyl chain is saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched and comprising at least 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, advantageously the primary monoalcohols linear saturated alkyl chain,
- saturated fatty acid monoacid esters comprising at least 14 carbon atoms and alcohols containing at most 6 carbon atoms, preferably mono- and diesters, advantageously monoesters of monoalcohols and diesters of polyols whose ester functions are at most distant; of four carbon atoms counted on the oxygen side of the ester function.
- the cylinder lubricant further comprises an additional compound chosen from primary, secondary or tertiary fatty monoalcohols, the alkyl chain of which is saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched and comprising from 16 to 18 atoms. carbon, advantageously the primary monohydric alcohols saturated linear alkyl chain.
- the additional compound content as defined above ranges from 0.01 to 10%, preferably from 0.1 to 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant.
- the cylinder lubricant may also comprise at least one additional additive selected from dispersants, anti-wear additives or any other functional additive.
- Dispersants are well known additives used in the formulation of lubricating composition, especially for application in the marine field. Their primary role is to maintain in suspension the particles present initially or appearing in the lubricant during its use in the engine. They prevent their agglomeration by playing on steric hindrance. They can also have a synergistic effect on the neutralization.
- the dispersants used as lubricant additives typically contain a polar group, associated with a relatively long hydrocarbon chain, generally containing from 50 to 400 carbon atoms. The polar group typically contains at least one nitrogen, oxygen or phosphorus element.
- the compounds derived from succinic acid are dispersants particularly used as lubrication additives.
- succinimides obtained by condensation of succinic anhydrides and amines
- succinic esters obtained by condensation of succinic anhydrides and alcohols or polyols.
- These compounds can then be treated with various compounds including sulfur, oxygen, formaldehyde, carboxylic acids and compounds containing boron or zinc to produce, for example, borated succinimides or zinc-blocked succinimides.
- Mannich bases obtained by polycondensation of phenols substituted with alkyl groups, formaldehyde and primary or secondary amines, are also compounds used as dispersants in lubricants.
- the dispersant content may be greater than or equal to 0.1%, preferably from 0.5 to 2%, advantageously from 1 to 1.5% by weight relative to the total weight. of the cylinder lubricant.
- the anti-wear additives protect the friction surfaces by forming a protective film adsorbed on these surfaces.
- the most commonly used is zinc di thiophosphate or DTPZn. This category also contains various phosphorus, sulfur, nitrogen, chlorine and boron compounds.
- anti-wear additives there is a wide variety of anti-wear additives, but the most used category is that of phospho-sulfur-containing additives such as metal alkylthiophosphates, in particular zinc alkylthiophosphates, and more specifically zinc dialkyldithiophosphates or DTPZn.
- the preferred compounds have the formula Zn ((SP (S) (OR 3 ) (OR 4 )) 2, or R 3 and R 4 are alkyl groups, preferably containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms. at levels of the order of 0.1 to 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant.
- Amine phosphates, polysulfides, especially sulfur-containing olefins, are also commonly used antiwear additives.
- Cylindrical lubricants are also usually encountered with antiwear and extreme pressure additives of the nitrogen and sulfur type, such as, for example, metal dithiocarbamates, in particular molybdenum dithiocarbamate.
- the Glycerol esters are also anti-wear additives. Mention may be made, for example, of mono, di and trioleates, monopalmitates and monomyristates.
- the anti-wear additive content ranges from 0.01 to 6%, preferably from 0.1 to 4% by weight relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant.
- the other functional additives may be chosen from thickeners, anti-foam additives to counteract the effect of detergents, which may be, for example, polar polymers such as polymethylsiloxanes, polyacrylates, antioxidant and / or anti-rust additives, for example detergents. organo-metallic or thiadiazoles. These are known to those skilled in the art. These additives are generally present at a content by weight of 0.1 to 5% relative to the total weight of the cylinder lubricant.
- the cylinder lubricant comprises:
- the cylinder lubricant consists essentially of:
- the cylinder lubricant comprises:
- At least one additional compound chosen from primary, secondary or tertiary fatty monoalcohols the alkyl chain of which is saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched and comprising at least 12 carbon atoms, preferably 12 at 24 carbon atoms, more preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, advantageously the linear saturated alkyl chain primary monoalcohols.
- the cylinder lubricant consists essentially of:
- At least one additional compound chosen from primary, secondary or tertiary fatty monoalcohols the alkyl chain of which is saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched and comprising at least 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, advantageously the primary monoalcohols linear saturated alkyl chain.
- the set of characteristics and preferences presented for the base oil, the fatty amine, the overbased detergent, the neutral detergent and the additional compound, the contribution of the fatty amine of formula (I) and the contribution of the overbased detergent to the total lubricant BN also apply to the above cylinder lubricants.
- the invention also relates to the use of a cylinder lubricant as defined above for lubricating a two-stroke marine engine.
- the subject of the invention is also the use of a cylinder lubricant as defined above as a single cylinder lubricant which can be used both with fuel oils with a sulfur content of less than 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil. with fuel oils with a sulfur content ranging from 1 to 3.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil and with fuel oils with a sulfur content of greater than 3.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil.
- the subject of the invention is the use of a cylinder lubricant as defined above as a single cylinder lubricant usable both with fuel oils with a sulfur content of less than 1% by weight with respect to total weight of the fuel oil and with fuel containing sulfur content ranging from 1 to 3.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil.
- the invention also relates to the use of a cylinder lubricant as defined above to prevent corrosion and / or reduce the formation of deposit insoluble metal salts in marine engines two-stroke during combustion of any type of fuel whose sulfur content is less than or equal to 3.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the fuel oil.
- the compounds as defined above and contained in the lubricant cylinder according to the invention, and more particularly the fatty amine of formula (I), the detergent based on alkaline or alkaline earth metals, overbased by metal salts of carbonate and neutral detergent, can be incorporated in the cylinder lubricant as separate additives, especially by separate addition of these in the base oils.
- the subject of the invention is also an additive concentrate, for the preparation of a cylinder lubricant having a BN determined according to ASTM D-2896 greater than or equal to 50 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, said concentrate having a BN ranging from 100 to 400 mg of potash per gram of concentrate, and comprising at least one detergent based on alkali or alkaline earth metals, overbased with carbonate metal salts, at least one neutral detergent and at least one fatty amine having a BN ranging from 150 to 600 mg of potassium hydroxide / g of amine according to ASTM D-2896 and of formula (I):
- Ri represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group comprising at least 14 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group - (CH 2 ) 2 OH, the mass percentage of said fatty amine in the concentrate being chosen so as to provide said concentrate with a BN contribution determined according to the ASTM D standard; 2896 ranging from 20 to 300 milligrams of potash per gram of concentrate.
- the additive concentrate may comprise:
- At least one additional compound chosen from primary, secondary or tertiary fatty monoalcohols whose alkyl chain is saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched and comprising at least 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably linear saturated alkyl chain primary monoalcohols.
- R 1 represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group comprising at least 14 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group - (CH 2 ) 2 OH.
- the additive concentrate may comprise:
- Ri represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group comprising at least 14 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group - (CH 2 ) 2 OH.
- the additive concentrate may comprise:
- Ri represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl group comprising at least 14 carbon atoms
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group - (CH 2 ) 2 OH. All of the features and preferences shown for the fatty amine, the overbased detergent, the neutral detergent and the supplemental compound also apply to the above additive concentrates.
- the additive concentrate according to the invention can be added at least one base oil to obtain a cylinder lubricant according to the invention.
- Another object of the invention relates to a method for lubricating a two-cycle marine engine, said method comprising at least one step of contacting the engine with a cylinder lubricant as described above or obtained from a concentrate of additives as described above.
- Another object of the invention relates to a method for preventing corrosion and / or reducing the formation of deposits of insoluble metal salts in two-stroke marine engines during the combustion of any type of fuel oil whose sulfur content is less than 3 , 5% relative to the total weight of the fuel oil, comprising at least one step of contacting the engine with a cylinder lubricant as defined above or obtained from the additive concentrate as described above. All the characteristics and preferences presented for the cylinder lubricant or for the additive concentrate also apply to the above process.
- the various objects of the present invention and their implementations will be better understood on reading the examples which follow. These examples are given for information only, and are not limiting in nature.
- the method for measuring the contribution of the insoluble metal salts present in the BN-based overbased detergents of the cylinder lubricants containing said overbased detergents is defined as follows:
- BN Base Number
- ⁇ BN said organic brought by the metallic soap of the detergent type essentially phenate or salicylate, or sulfonate.
- BN CaCO 3 The BN carbonate, hereinafter referred to as BN CaCO 3, is measured on the cylinder lubricant or the overbased detergents alone, according to the following procedure. This one has the principle of attacking the overbasing, carbonate (of calcium), of the sample by sulfuric acid. This carbonate is transformed into calcium sulphate with evolution of carbon dioxide according to the reaction;
- the volume of the reactor being constant, the pressure increases proportionally to the release of C0 2 .
- the reaction vessel may be pyrex, glass, polycarbonate, ... or any other material that promotes heat exchange with the surrounding environment, so that the internal temperature of the vessel equilibrates rapidly with that of the ambient environment.
- a small amount of 600 NS type fluid base oil is introduced into the reaction vessel containing a small magnet bar.
- the cap and pressure gauge assembly is screwed onto the reaction vessel.
- the threads can be greased. We tighten to have a perfect seal.
- the whole is cleaned with a solvent of the heptane type.
- V Volume of the container (m 3 ).
- n number of moles of C0 2 released
- BN carbonate BN expressed in equivalent KOH for 1g.
- m mass of product introduced into the reaction vessel.
- the BN supplied by the metallic soaps of detergents also designated by "organic BN" is obtained by difference between the total BN according to ASTM D2896 and the BN Ca co3 thus measured.
- the enthalpy test for measuring the neutralization efficiency of lubricants against sulfuric acid is defined as follows.
- the acid-base neutralization reactions are generally exothermic and it is therefore possible to measure the heat release obtained by reaction of sulfuric acid with the lubricants to be tested. This evolution is followed by the evolution of the temperature over time in an adiabatic reactor of the DEWAR type. From these measurements, it is possible to calculate an index quantifying the neutralization efficiency of a lubricant according to the present invention with respect to a lubricant taken as a reference, and for an amount of added acid representing a fixed number of BN points. to neutralize. To test BN 70 lubricants, the following examples thus add an amount of acid corresponding to the neutralization of 70 BN points.
- the efficiency index is thus calculated with respect to the reference oil to which the value of 100 is attributed. This is the ratio between the neutralization reaction times of the reference (S ref ) and the sample. measured (S mes ):
- the duration S is equal to the difference t f -1 between the time at the end of reaction temperature and the time at the reaction start temperature.
- the time t at the reaction start temperature corresponds to the first rise in temperature after switching on the stirring.
- the time t f at the final reaction temperature is that from which the temperature signal remains stable for a duration greater than or equal to the half-duration of reaction.
- the lubricant is all the more effective as it leads to short periods of neutralization and therefore to a high index.
- the reactor and agitator geometries as well as the operating conditions were chosen so as to be in a chemical regime, where the effect of the diffusional stresses in the oil phase is negligible.
- the fluid height must be equal to the inside diameter of the reactor, and the stirring propeller must be positioned at about 1/3 of the height of the fluid.
- the apparatus consists of a cylindrical adiabatic reactor of 300 ml, the inner diameter of which is 52 mm and the internal height 185 mm, of a stirring rod provided with a propeller with inclined blades, 22 mm in diameter; the diameter of the blades is between 0.3 and 0.5 times the diameter of the DEWAR, that is to say from 15.6 to 26 mm.
- the position of the propeller is set at a distance of about 15 mm from the bottom of the reactor.
- the stirring system is driven by a variable speed motor of 10 to 5000 rpm and a temperature acquisition system as a function of time.
- This system is suitable for measuring reaction times of the order of 5 to 20 seconds and the temperature rise measurement of a few tens of degrees from a temperature of about 20 ° C to 35 ° C preferably about 30 ° C.
- the position of the temperature acquisition system in the DEWAR is fixed.
- the stirring system will be adjusted so that the reaction proceeds in a chemical regime: in the configuration of the present experiment, the speed of rotation is set at 2000 rpm, and the position of the system is fixed.
- the chemical regime of the reaction is also dependent on the oil level introduced in the DEWAR, which must be equal to the diameter of the latter, and which corresponds in the context of this experiment to a mass of approx. g of the lubricant tested.
- the amount of acid corresponding to the neutralization of 70 BN points is introduced into the reactor.
- the reactor is charged with 7.01 g of 75% concentrated sulfuric acid and 86 g of test lubricant for a BN 70 lubricant.
- stirring is started to follow the reaction in chemical regime .
- the acquisition system is permanent.
- This lubricant cylinder is obtained from a mineral lubricating base oil obtained by mixing a distillate of density at 15 ° C between 880 and 900 Kg / m 3 with a distillation residue of density between 895 and 915 Kg / m 3 (Brightstock) in a distillate / residue ratio of 3.
- a concentrate in which a BN overbased calcium sulfonate equal to 400 mg KOH / g, a dispersant, a BN overbased calcium phenoxide equal to 250 mg KOH / g.
- This lubricant cylinder is formulated specifically to have a neutralization capacity sufficient for use with high sulfur content fuels, namely sulfur contents greater than 3% or even 3.5% relative to the total weight of the fuel oil.
- This reference lubricant contains 25.50% by weight of this concentrate. Its BN of 70 mg KOH / g of lubricant is exclusively provided by the overbased detergents (phenates and overbased sulfonates) contained in said concentrate.
- This reference lubricant has a viscosity at 100 ° C of between 18 and 21.5 mm 2 / s measured according to ASTM D445.
- the neutralization reaction time of this oil (hereinafter referred to as Href) is 75 seconds and its neutralization efficiency index is set at 100.
- - lubricating base oil 1 mineral oils of group I or Brightstock with a density of between 895 and 915 Kg / m 3 ,
- lubricating base oil 2 mineral oils of group I, in particular called Neutral 600NS with a viscosity at 40 ° C. of 120 cSt measured according to the ASTM standard
- detergent package comprising a neutral phenate of BN equal to 150 mg KOH / g of phenate, an overbased phenate of BN equal to 250 mg KOH / g of overbased phenate, an overbased sulfonate of BN equal to 400 mg KOH / g of overbased sulfonate a succinimide PIB dispersant, a fatty alcohol which is a mixture of monoalcohols having a hydrocarbon chain comprising from 16 to 18 carbon atoms and an antifoaming agent,
- fatty amine 1 a mixture comprising 99.9% by weight of a fatty amine of formula (I) in which R 1 is an alkyl group comprising from 14 to 16 carbon atoms, R 2 is a hydrogen atom, a fatty amine of formula (I) in which R 1 is an alkyl group comprising 18 carbon atoms, R 2 is a hydrogen atom and a fatty amine of formula (I) in which R 1 is an alkyl group comprising at least 20 carbon atoms, R 2 is a a hydrogen atom and having a BN measured according to the ASTM D-2896 standard equal to 471 mg of potash per gram of amine (Tetrameen OV from the company Akzo Nobel),
- - Fatty amine 2 a mixture comprising 99.9% of a fatty tri-amine comprising an alkyl group comprising from 14 to 16 carbon atoms, a fatty tri-amine comprising an alkyl group comprising 18 carbon atoms and a fatty tri-amine comprising an alkyl group comprising at least 20 carbon atoms and having a BN measured according to ASTM D-2896 equal to 420 mg of potassium hydroxide per gram of amine (Triameen OV from the company Akzo Nobel).
- the cylinder lubricants L-1 and L 2 are described in Table I; the percentages given correspond to mass percentages.
- This test simulates a high temperature engine piston on which the lubricant from the crankcase is sprayed.
- the test uses aluminum beakers that simulate the shape of pistons.
- This brush was driven in a rotary motion at a speed of 1000 revolutions per minute, which creates a projection of lubricant on the lower surface of the beaker.
- the beaker was maintained at a temperature of 310 ° C by an electric heating resistor controlled by a thermocouple.
- the test lasted 12 hours and the lubricant spray was continuous for the duration of the test. This procedure simulates the formation of deposits in the piston-segment assembly. The result is the measured deposit weight on the beaker.
- the cylinder lubricant according to the invention has a slightly improved thermal resistance with respect to the reference cylinder oil.
- fatty amine 3 a mixture comprising 99.9% of a fatty amine of formula (I) in which R 1 is an unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 18 to 20 carbon atoms, R 2 is a hydrogen atom and a fatty amine of formula (I) in which R 1 is a saturated alkyl group comprising from 18 to 20 carbon atoms, R 2 is a hydrogen atom and having a BN measured according to ASTM D-2896 equal to 477 mg of potash per gram of amine (Tetrameen T from AKZO NOBEL),
- fatty amine 4 a mixture comprising 99.9% of a fatty triamine comprising an unsaturated alkyl group comprising from 18 to 20 carbon atoms and a fatty triamine comprising a saturated alkyl group comprising from 18 to 20 atoms of carbon and a BN measured according to the ASTM D-2896 standard equal to 430 mg of potash per gram of amine (Triameen T from the company Akzo Nobel),
- the cylinder lubricants L 3 and L 4 are described in Table IV; the percentages given correspond to mass percentages.
- Examples 1, 2 and 3 demonstrate the advantage of the specific choice of a fatty amine of formula (I) with respect to other fatty polyamines, making it possible to obtain both a very good neutralization efficiency and improved thermal resistance properties, and therefore cleaner the improved cylinder piston assembly.
- Example 4 Evaluation of the Viscosity of Cylindrical Lubricants According to the Invention with Respect to Sulfuric Acid
- fatty amine 5 ethoxylated oleic monoamine and having a BN measured according to the ASTM D-2896 standard equal to 160 mg of potash per gram of amine (Ethomeen 0/12 from the company AKZO NOBEL)
- the cylinder lubricants L 5 and L 6 are described in Table VIII; the percentages given correspond to mass percentages.
- the lubricant L 7 was prepared from the following compounds:
- fatty amine 6 a mixture of fatty amines comprising 80% of fatty amine of formula (I) in which R 1 is a hydrocarbon chain comprising from 16 to 20 carbon atoms, R 2 is a hydrogen atom, and 20% of a mixture of monoamines and fatty di-amines and having a BN measured according to ASTM D-2896 equal to 460 mg of potash per gram of amine (Polyram S from CECA)
- Examples 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 demonstrate the advantage of the specific choice of a mixture of fatty amines having a fat amine content by weight of formula (I) of at least 90% and preferentially strictly less than 100% relative to the total weight of the mixture of fatty amines relative to mixtures of fatty amines having a weight content of fatty amine of formula (I) less than 90% relative to the total weight of the mixture , relative to other fatty polyamines or with respect to alkoxylated amines, making it possible to obtain both a very good neutralization efficiency and improved thermal resistance properties, while maintaining satisfactory stability of the viscosity over time .
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1354182A FR3005474B1 (fr) | 2013-05-07 | 2013-05-07 | Lubrifiant pour moteur marin |
PCT/EP2014/059232 WO2014180843A1 (fr) | 2013-05-07 | 2014-05-06 | Lubrifiant pour moteur marin |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2994521A1 true EP2994521A1 (fr) | 2016-03-16 |
EP2994521B1 EP2994521B1 (fr) | 2019-08-07 |
Family
ID=48856884
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14722191.5A Active EP2994521B1 (fr) | 2013-05-07 | 2014-05-06 | Lubrifiant pour moteur marin |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9896639B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2994521B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP6324492B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20160006736A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN105189721B (fr) |
AR (1) | AR096204A1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112015028034A2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2751683T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3005474B1 (fr) |
HK (1) | HK1217509A1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2667063C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2014180843A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3017876B1 (fr) | 2014-02-24 | 2016-03-11 | Total Marketing Services | Composition d'additifs et carburant de performance comprenant une telle composition |
FR3017875B1 (fr) | 2014-02-24 | 2016-03-11 | Total Marketing Services | Composition d'additifs et carburant de performance comprenant une telle composition |
FR3018079B1 (fr) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-06-23 | Total Marketing Services | Composition lubrifiante a base de nanoparticules metalliques |
FR3039835B1 (fr) | 2015-08-03 | 2019-07-05 | Total Marketing Services | Utilisation d'une amine grasse pour prevenir et/ou reduire les pertes metalliques des pieces dans un moteur |
FR3043691A1 (fr) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-19 | Total Marketing Services | Compositions lubrifiantes pour prevenir ou diminuer la combustion anormale dans un moteur de vehicule automobile |
EP3423430B1 (fr) * | 2016-02-29 | 2020-04-08 | Nouryon Chemicals International B.V. | Compositions dialkyl-polyalkylamine, procédé pour leur préparation et leur utilisation |
EP3211062B1 (fr) * | 2016-02-29 | 2022-07-27 | TotalEnergies OneTech | Lubrifiant pour moteur marin deux temps |
FR3053049A1 (fr) * | 2016-06-28 | 2017-12-29 | Total Marketing Services | Reduction des oxydes d'azote |
US10577571B2 (en) | 2016-11-08 | 2020-03-03 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Non-aqueous cleaner for vegetable oil soils |
FR3065964B1 (fr) * | 2017-05-04 | 2020-03-13 | Total Marketing Services | Utilisation d'une amine grasse pour reduire et/ou controler la combustion anormale du gaz dans un moteur marin |
FR3071252B1 (fr) | 2017-09-19 | 2020-04-03 | Total Marketing Services | Utilisation d'ester dans une composition lubrifiante pour ameliorer la proprete moteur |
US11845905B2 (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2023-12-19 | Totalenergies Onetech | Lubricant for a marine engine |
FR3127955A1 (fr) | 2021-10-07 | 2023-04-14 | Totalenergies Marketing Services | Composé spiro comme additif détergent dans des lubrifiants pour moteurs marins |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6242394B1 (en) | 1991-05-30 | 2001-06-05 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Two-stroke cycle lubricant and method of using same |
US6004910A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1999-12-21 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Crankcase lubricant for modern heavy duty diesel and gasoline fueled engines |
US5900392A (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 1999-05-04 | Loeffler Chemical Corporation | Aqueous belt lubricant composition based on fatty alkyl propylene tettramines and fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers and method for lubricating belt conveyor systems |
FR2808534B1 (fr) | 2000-05-03 | 2002-08-02 | Total Raffinage Distribution | Composition lubrifiante biodegradable et ses utilisations, notamment dans un fluide de forage |
FR2879621B1 (fr) | 2004-12-16 | 2007-04-06 | Total France Sa | Huile pour moteur marin 4-temps |
CA2643358A1 (fr) * | 2006-02-21 | 2007-08-30 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Composition d'huile lubrifiante |
PT1914295E (pt) | 2006-10-11 | 2014-03-05 | Total Marketing Services | Lubrificante marítimo para óleo combustível com alto ou baixo teor de enxofre |
US8114822B2 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2012-02-14 | Chemtura Corporation | Soluble oil containing overbased sulfonate additives |
EP2045314B1 (fr) * | 2007-10-04 | 2017-11-08 | Infineum International Limited | Détergent à base de sulfonate métallique surbasé |
FR2924439B1 (fr) | 2007-12-03 | 2010-10-22 | Total France | Composition lubrifiante pour moteur quatre temps a bas taux de cendres |
FR2928934B1 (fr) | 2008-03-20 | 2011-08-05 | Total France | Lubrifiant marin |
FR2932813B1 (fr) * | 2008-06-18 | 2010-09-03 | Total France | Lubrifiant cylindre pour moteur marin deux temps |
FR2943678B1 (fr) | 2009-03-25 | 2011-06-03 | Total Raffinage Marketing | Polymeres (meth)acryliques de bas poids moleculaire, exempts de composes soufres,metalliques et halogenes et de taux de monomeres residuels faible,leur procede de preparation et leurs utilisations |
FR2945754A1 (fr) | 2009-05-20 | 2010-11-26 | Total Raffinage Marketing | Nouveaux additifs pour huiles transmission |
FR2953853B1 (fr) | 2009-12-15 | 2013-02-08 | Total Raffinage Marketing | Composition lubrifiante biodegradable et son utilisation dans un fluide de forage notamment pour reservoirs tres enfouis |
FR2968011B1 (fr) | 2010-11-26 | 2014-02-21 | Total Raffinage Marketing | Composition lubrifiante pour moteur |
FR2974111B1 (fr) * | 2011-04-14 | 2013-05-10 | Total Raffinage Marketing | Lubrifiant cylindre pour moteur marin deux temps |
FR2980799B1 (fr) | 2011-09-29 | 2013-10-04 | Total Raffinage Marketing | Composition lubrifiante pour moteur marin |
-
2013
- 2013-05-07 FR FR1354182A patent/FR3005474B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-05-06 US US14/888,477 patent/US9896639B2/en active Active
- 2014-05-06 CN CN201480025857.7A patent/CN105189721B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-05-06 ES ES14722191T patent/ES2751683T3/es active Active
- 2014-05-06 WO PCT/EP2014/059232 patent/WO2014180843A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2014-05-06 EP EP14722191.5A patent/EP2994521B1/fr active Active
- 2014-05-06 AR ARP140101845A patent/AR096204A1/es unknown
- 2014-05-06 BR BR112015028034A patent/BR112015028034A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-05-06 JP JP2016512342A patent/JP6324492B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-05-06 RU RU2015152024A patent/RU2667063C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-05-06 KR KR1020157034816A patent/KR20160006736A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2016
- 2016-05-17 HK HK16105631.6A patent/HK1217509A1/zh unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2014180843A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3005474B1 (fr) | 2016-09-09 |
JP2016521308A (ja) | 2016-07-21 |
JP6324492B2 (ja) | 2018-05-16 |
AR096204A1 (es) | 2015-12-16 |
WO2014180843A1 (fr) | 2014-11-13 |
US20160177216A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
HK1217509A1 (zh) | 2017-01-13 |
KR20160006736A (ko) | 2016-01-19 |
RU2015152024A (ru) | 2017-06-14 |
RU2015152024A3 (fr) | 2018-03-29 |
CN105189721B (zh) | 2018-10-16 |
FR3005474A1 (fr) | 2014-11-14 |
EP2994521B1 (fr) | 2019-08-07 |
RU2667063C2 (ru) | 2018-09-14 |
BR112015028034A2 (pt) | 2017-09-12 |
CN105189721A (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
ES2751683T3 (es) | 2020-04-01 |
US9896639B2 (en) | 2018-02-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2994521B1 (fr) | Lubrifiant pour moteur marin | |
EP2304006B1 (fr) | Lubrifiant cylindre pour moteur marin deux temps | |
EP2697344B1 (fr) | Lubrifiant cylindre pour moteur marin deux temps | |
EP2271731B1 (fr) | Lubrifiant marin | |
EP1914295B1 (fr) | Lubrifiant marin pour fioul à basse et haute teneur en soufre | |
EP3212745B1 (fr) | Lubrifiant pour moteur marin | |
WO2009101276A1 (fr) | Composition lubrifiante pour moteur quatre temps a bas taux de cendres | |
FR2980799A1 (fr) | Composition lubrifiante pour moteur marin | |
EP3523407B1 (fr) | Composition lubrifiante pour moteur marin ou moteur stationnaire | |
WO2014096328A1 (fr) | Composition lubrifiante a base d'ether de polyglycerol | |
EP2964736A1 (fr) | Composition lubrifiante pour moteur marin |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20151130 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20190222 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1163870 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20190815 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602014051252 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: FP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191209 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191107 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191107 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 1163870 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20190807 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191108 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20191207 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2751683 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 Effective date: 20200401 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20200224 Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602014051252 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG2D | Information on lapse in contracting state deleted |
Ref country code: IS |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20200603 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20200423 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200531 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200531 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200506 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200506 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20210531 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190807 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20220519 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20210531 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20220524 Year of fee payment: 9 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20220520 Year of fee payment: 9 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20220524 Year of fee payment: 9 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20220519 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20220725 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602014051252 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20230601 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20230506 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230601 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230506 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20231201 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230506 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230531 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20240628 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230507 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230507 |