EP2989809A1 - Array aus elektroakustischen aktoren und verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen arrays - Google Patents
Array aus elektroakustischen aktoren und verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen arraysInfo
- Publication number
- EP2989809A1 EP2989809A1 EP15720645.9A EP15720645A EP2989809A1 EP 2989809 A1 EP2989809 A1 EP 2989809A1 EP 15720645 A EP15720645 A EP 15720645A EP 2989809 A1 EP2989809 A1 EP 2989809A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- array
- branch
- parallel
- series
- actuator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
- H04R1/403—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers loud-speakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers
- H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/40—Details of arrangements for obtaining desired directional characteristic by combining a number of identical transducers covered by H04R1/40 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/403—Linear arrays of transducers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to arrays, and more particularly to so-called Bessei-weighted arrays of electroacoustic actuators. Speakers of a speaker array, e.g. a line array or a surface array, can be controlled differently.
- EP 0034844 A1 discloses an amplitude / phase weighting based on the function values of the Bessei function of the first kind at different orders.
- FIG. 11 (a) One possible embodiment of such an array is shown in FIG. 11 (a). It consists of five Einzeliaut Anlagenern, which are designated according to the arrangement in the example linear array with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
- the amplitude / phase weighting is shown to the left of the loudspeaker array 1 100 in FIG. 11.
- the two outermost loudspeakers have a weighting of 0.5 and the inner loudspeakers have a weighting of 1, wherein a loudspeaker, namely the loudspeaker 2 additionally has a phase shift of 180 °.
- Such an array achieves a higher sound pressure level compared to the single loudspeaker.
- the array has a larger emission area than the single speaker, the emission characteristics are hardly different from each other.
- the Bessel weighting provides the amplitude ratio plotted on the left side of the array 1100.
- the phase ratio is 0 °: 180 o : 0 o : 0 o : 0 ° of the single speakers to each other.
- Fig. 1 (b) shows an interconnection of the loudspeakers in the form of a series circuit.
- the loudspeakers 2, 3, 4 are connected in series and in turn connected in series to a parallel connection of the two outer loudspeakers 1 and 5. This results in the Bessel-like weighting required on each loudspeaker due to the corresponding voltage drop.
- the Bessel weighting may also be generated with a parallel circuit consisting of several parallel branches (FIG. 11 (c)).
- One of these parallel branches consists of a series connection of the loudspeakers 1 and 5, the remaining parallel branches each contain a single loudspeaker (2, 3, 4)
- Fig. 1 1 characterized in that the polarity of the speaker 2 is reversed in each case, compared to the polarity of the other speakers, that is, the negative input of the speaker with the corresponding positive output of the speaker amplifier, the in Fig. 1 1 is not shown connected.
- Speakers is thus the total impedance 1, 14 ⁇ or 2.29 0, this is usually well below the optimal for today's amplifier load impedances.
- the amplifier is hereby demanded too much current, which can lead to the destruction of its components.
- Bessel weighting can not be optimally implemented with typical impedance speakers, such as 4 ⁇ to 8 ⁇ .
- typical impedance speakers such as 4 ⁇ to 8 ⁇ .
- the number being greater than five, the total impedance achieved in parallel connection an even lower value and in the series connection an even greater value, if in turn is assumed by the same speaker impedance.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an improved loudspeaker array
- An array of electroacoustic actuators comprises at least five electroacoustic
- Actuators (101, 102, 103, 104, 105), wherein the electroacoustic actuators are connected so that in a first parallel branch (1 10a) at least two electroacoustic actuators are connected in series, and that in a second parallel branch (1 10b) a electroacoustic actuator is connected in series with a parallel connection of two electroacoustic actuators, and wherein the first parallel branch is connected in parallel to the second parallel branch, and
- the electroacoustic actuators are connected in such a way that at least two electroacoustic actuators are connected in parallel in a first series branch (1 10c) and that in a second series branch (1 1 Od) an electroacoustic actuator is connected in parallel to a series connection of two electroacoustic actuators wherein the first series branch is connected in series with the second series branch, and wherein the series-connected parallel branches (1 10c, 1 1 Od) are adapted to be driven by a loudspeaker amplifier (1 12).
- each parallel circuit becomes a series connection and vice versa.
- the total impedance is again in the immediate vicinity of the individual loudspeaker impedance, in contrast to the use of parallel branches where the impedance is just below that of the ELS is, it is just above the ELS for modification with serial branches.
- loudspeaker arrays can be implemented which have a not identical but approximate Bessei weighting.
- the deviation from the ideal Bessei weighting is so small that the radiation behavior of a loudspeaker array with parallel connection of the parallel branches according to the invention is thus implemented with an easily manageable total impedance of the beam behavior of an array implemented according to FIG and actually has the ideal Bessei weighting, is almost indistinguishable.
- the problem of high or too low electrical impedances in the application of a Bessei weighting by the special shading, which causes a slightly modified Bessei weighting solved.
- the amplitude / phase weighting is implemented solely by reverse polarity or serial and parallel switching of the individual loudspeakers.
- the resulting amplitude / phase weighting of the individual loudspeakers is similar to that of FIG. 11.
- the electrical impedance of the array is due to the circuitry used in the invention, for example, to implement the modified Bessei weighting, now in the range of impedance of the speakers used. This allows the array to be easily operated with conventional amplifiers.
- structure-borne sound exciters as further examples of electroacoustic actuators. These are also referred to as exciters or shakers, which, for B, attached to a plate and through
- Fig. 1 (a) is a schematic representation of the loudspeaker array
- Fig. 1 (b) is a schematic representation of a single loudspeaker (ELS) interconnection of Fig. 1 (a) with parallel branches;
- ELS loudspeaker
- Fig. 1 (c) is a schematic representation of a single-speaker (ELS) interconnect of Fig. 1 (a) with series branches;
- ELS single-speaker
- FIG. 2 shows an illustration of a loudspeaker array with modified Bessel weighting
- Fig. 3 is a wiring example for the embodiment of Fig. 2;
- Fig. 4 (a) shows an alternative implementation of a speaker array with modified or approximated Bessel weighting
- Fig. 4 (b) shows an interconnection for the implementation of Fig. 4 (a);
- Fig. 4 (c) is a detailed circuit diagram for explaining the
- Fig. 5 shows a Verschaltungstage for an array with six active
- Fig. 6 is a tabular representation of various Verschaltungstagen
- Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the array with six active
- FIG. 8 shows a connection variant for an array with seven active individual loudspeakers
- Fig. 9 is a tabular representation of the different interconnections of the individual loudspeakers with respect to their arrangement in the array
- Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of the speaker array, wherein two
- Figs. 11 (a) to 11 (c) show a known array with a known interconnection
- Fig. 12 (a) shows an interconnection with series branches
- Fig. 12 (b) shows a weight for the interconnection with series branches
- FIG. 13 (a) shows a connection variant for an array with six individual loudspeakers
- FIG. 13 (b) shows a connection variant for an array with seven individual loudspeakers
- Modified Bessel weighted speakers of Fig. 4 (b); 17 shows an isobaric representation of the measured emission characteristic of a linear array of five loudspeakers with original Bessel weighting along the array extension;
- 18 is an isobaric representation of the measured emission characteristic of a linear array of five loudspeakers with modified bessel
- Fig. 1 (a) shows a speaker array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the loudspeaker array comprises an array housing 100 with mounted single loudspeakers 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, which are arranged in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 (a) as a line array.
- the individual speakers are interconnected by a single-speaker shading 1 10, and the Einzellaut Kirer- interconnection 1 10 is driven by a speaker amplifier 1 12 via a positive terminal 1 13 and a negative terminal 1 14.
- the single-speaker circuitry 110 is designed to achieve an approximate Bessel weighting, but the overall impedance of the loudspeaker array seen by the loudspeaker amplifier 112 is within manageable dimensions.
- the single-speaker connection 110 includes an implementation as shown in Fig. 1 (b).
- the single-speaker interconnection comprises a first parallel branch 110a, which has a series connection of individual loudspeakers, and a second parallel branch 110b, which has a series-parallel connection of individual loudspeakers.
- the first parallel branch 1 10a comprises at least two individual loudspeakers connected in series
- the second parallel branch comprises a single loudspeaker in series with a parallel connection of two individual loudspeakers.
- the two parallel branches 1 10a, 1 10b are connected in parallel and driven by the speaker amplifier 1 12 of FIG. 1 (a).
- the single-speaker circuitry 110 includes an implementation as shown in Fig. 1 (c).
- the single-speaker connection comprises a first series branch 1 1 Od, which has a parallel connection of individual loudspeakers, and a second series branch 1 1 Od, which has a parallel series connection of individual loudspeakers.
- the first series branch 1 10c comprises at least two individual loudspeakers connected in parallel
- the second series branch comprises a single loudspeaker in parallel with a series connection of two individual loudspeakers.
- the two series branches 1 10c, 1 1 Od are connected in parallel and driven by the speaker amplifier 1 12 of Fig. 1 (a).
- Fig. 2 shows an array, e.g. the array of Fig. 1 (a), but here in a vertical representation.
- the single speakers 101 to 105 are represented by "1" to "5", and further the Figs modified Bessel weights are shown in Fig. 2 left of the individual speakers.
- These modified Bessel weights are achieved by the special series parallel connection of FIG.
- the first paraliel branch 110a comprises the two individual loudspeakers 2, 3 connected in series with one another
- the second parallel branch 110b comprises the individual loudspeaker 4 connected in series with the parallel connection of the two outer array loudspeakers 1 and 5.
- the negative weighting factor for the second loudspeaker 02 is achieved by opposing poles of the loudspeaker with respect to the other loudspeakers in the first parallel branch 11a, as shown schematically in FIG.
- Figs. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show an alternative implementation.
- the positions of the loudspeakers 3 and 4 are reversed in comparison to FIG. 2 or FIG. 3.
- the loudspeaker 4 in FIG. 4 (b) is now arranged in the first parallel branch 1 10a, and the loudspeaker 3 is arranged in the second parallel branch 1 1 Ob.
- the weightings of the loudspeakers are exchanged, that is, the loudspeaker 3 has a weighting of 1 and the loudspeaker 4 has a weighting of 0.75, which is an inverse compared to the corresponding weighting in FIG. 2.
- the exemplary line arrays of FIGS. 2 and 4 (a) each include five speakers.
- the loudspeakers according to FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 (b) are interconnected.
- the electrical impedance of the modified array is only 14% lower than that of the single loudspeaker, for example, 3.4 ⁇ if the speaker impedance of the individual speakers is 4 ⁇ .
- the array's electrical impedance would be 14 ⁇ for series connection 1 1 (b) or at 1, 14 ⁇ for the parallel circuit of Fig.
- the negative reverse polarity of the loudspeaker 2 is shown, in which the negative terminal of the loudspeaker 4 is coupled to the negative terminal of the loudspeaker 2, so that the 18Q ° phase shift is achieved in comparison to the other loudspeakers in the array.
- FIGS 5, 6 and 7 show further embodiments for larger line arrays.
- Such Bessel weighted line arrays are typically also used with seven and nine elements, respectively, as described in D. Keeie, "Effective Performance of Bessel Arrays.”
- Loudspeakers are the elements of the array that have an amplitude weighting not equal to zero. At the array positions with the amplitude weighting 0, no loudspeaker has to be placed. The gap should not be closed by a back-to-back of the adjacent speakers. Alternatively, a speaker may be placed at the array position with the amplitude weighting 0. However, this loudspeaker would then be inactive or would only emit substantially less sound pressure levels (e.g., at most 10%) than other loudspeakers in the array with a non-zero amplitude weighting.
- the distances between the individual loudspeaker positions are equal or equidistant. Between 3 and 5 would then be a double distance when the speaker 4 is omitted.
- Fig. 5 shows an implementation for a 7-array with six active loudspeakers.
- the position 4 that is, the middle position, is a position for a single speaker that is inactive, or is a position that is left empty, that is, no single speaker at all is arranged.
- the remaining six individual loudspeakers become as in FIG. 5 connected.
- the weights of the individual loudspeakers in FIG. 5, which are generated on the basis of the series / parallel circuit, are entered in the figure.
- the two loudspeakers with the weighting 0.4 for all the different interconnections shown in FIG. 6 are the two outermost loudspeakers.
- the positions of the loudspeakers with the weights of 0.8 and 1 can be varied accordingly, so that at least six different possibilities of arranging the individual loudspeakers are obtained at the positions shown in FIG.
- the interconnection is preferably as shown in FIG. 5, but that the positions of the loudspeakers with the weights 1 and 0.8 in FIG. 5 can be at different inner positions of the loudspeaker array, that is to say the positions 2, 3, 5, 6.
- the phase weighting is achieved, in particular, by oppositely poling the loudspeaker arranged at the third position or at a phase mirroring at the middle of the array at the fifth position. Depending on the implementation of one of the possibilities shown in FIG. 6, this will be the corresponding loudspeaker.
- the individual positions of the loudspeakers can again be varied as shown in FIG. 9, depending on the weighting, resulting in a multiplicity of different positions of the individual loudspeakers, as long as the position 4 and the position 6 remain free or inactive inactive does not have to be completely inactive, but eg may also mean a level at z. B. may be less than 10% of the least-emitting speaker in the array, and as long as the two speakers are arranged with the weighting 0.45 at the ends of the line array.
- the loudspeakers with the weights 0.75 and 1.00 in the inner positions can be varied relatively arbitrarily, care being taken in preferred embodiments that the polarity reversal be performed for the second position and the fifth position.
- Fig. 12a shows a detailed embodiment of the implementation with series branches.
- the first series branch comprises the loudspeakers 102, 103 and the second series branch comprises the loudspeakers 104 in parallel with the series circuit of 101 and 105.
- the resulting weights are shown in Fig. 12 (b).
- Fig. 13 (a) shows the use of the series branches for the variant of six loudspeakers in analogy to Fig. 5.
- the additional loudspeaker 500 is included in the second series branch and in series with the loudspeaker 104 of Fig. 12 (a).
- Fig. 13 (b) shows the use of the series branches for the variant of seven loudspeakers in analogy to Fig. 8.
- the additional loudspeaker 500 is included in the second series branch and in series with the loudspeaker 104 of Fig. 12a.
- the additional additional speaker is arranged in the first series branch parallel to the speakers 102, 103 of FIG. 12 (a).
- FIG. 14 shows a simulated emission characteristic of a linear array of five loudspeakers with original Bessel weighting, the simulated radiation characteristic being for an array lying horizontally in the plane of the drawing and radiating upwards with respect to the plane of the drawing. Furthermore, the representation is parameterized over the frequency, namely from 100 Hz to 8000 Hz.
- FIG. 15 shows a corresponding representation for the implementation of FIG. 3, and
- FIG. 16 shows a corresponding representation for the implementation of FIG. 4 (b), ie for the approximated or modified Bessel representation, where good matches are to be seen but with a total speaker array impedance that can be optimally driven by commercially available speaker amplifiers configured for the impedance of a single speaker.
- FIG. 17 shows an isobaric representation of the measured emission characteristic of a linear array of five loudspeakers with original Bessel weighting along the array extension.
- the 0 ° line corresponds to the main beam direction, ie the 90 ° line of e.g. Fig. 16.
- the isobaric representation shows the deviation at a certain degree coordinate with respect to the sound pressure on the O-coordinate, for frequencies of 319.9 to 20,000 Hz. From a comparison of Fig. 18 and Fig. It can be seen that although the array of FIG. 4 (b) of the present invention does not fully replicate the isobaric representation of the ideal Bessel array of FIG. 17, it approximates very well.
- the two individual loudspeakers connected in parallel in the second parallel branch such as for example 1 and 5 in FIG. 3, or the corresponding loudspeakers of FIG. 5 or FIG. 8 at the array ends of a line Arrays arranged.
- each individual speaker has an impedance where the impedances of the individual speakers are equal or differ by at most 20% from an average of all the impedances of the individual speakers.
- the at least nominal impedances of the single-line speakers are the same, although deviations due to production of course can not be ruled out. Even with relatively moderately deviating loudspeaker impedances of the individual loudspeakers, that is, deviating impedances, a good overall impedance value of the array can still be achieved, which is suitable for conventional loudspeaker amplifiers.
- the individual loudspeakers arranged in series in the first parallel branch and also the single loudspeakers connected in series in the second parallel branch are arranged in the array line at inner positions and are respectively adjacent to the outside of another, typically parallel, single loudspeaker such as 1 and 5 in the array.
- Typical speaker impedances are 4 to 8 ⁇ .
- the single loudspeakers in the first pair and the second parallel branch are connected and arranged in the array with respect to each other to give at least an approximate Bessel weight to the loudspeaker array ,
- the approximate Bessel weighting indicates that in Fig. 2 the value 0.75 approximates the weighting factor 1 or that the value -0.75 approximates the weighting factor -1, etc.
- further series / parabolic switches with the goal of average total impedances are also apparent to those skilled in particular for larger arrays in view of the present illustration.
- the correspondingly larger array compared to FIG. 3 includes the additional loudspeaker in the second parallel leg 500, which has a weight of 0.8.
- the larger array is shown in FIG. 8 and comprises, in comparison to FIG. 5, in addition to the loudspeaker 500 likewise present in FIG. 5 in the first parallel branch, the additional loudspeaker 800.
- FIGS In a method for producing a loudspeaker array, FIGS
- the single-line speakers are connected so as to give the described parallel connection of parallel branches, whereupon the interconnected speakers with a speaker amplifier, which typically and preferably for the impedance of a
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
- Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014208256.0A DE102014208256B4 (de) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Array aus elektroakustischen Aktuoren und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Arrays |
| PCT/EP2015/058792 WO2015165794A1 (de) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-23 | Array aus elektroakustischen aktoren und verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen arrays |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2989809A1 true EP2989809A1 (de) | 2016-03-02 |
| EP2989809B1 EP2989809B1 (de) | 2017-10-04 |
Family
ID=53052821
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15720645.9A Not-in-force EP2989809B1 (de) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-23 | Array aus elektroakustischen aktoren und verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen arrays |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10425735B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2989809B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP6364485B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN105393556B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102014208256B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2015165794A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB717222A (en) * | 1951-10-08 | 1954-10-20 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Improvements in or relating to transducers having an adjustable electrical impedance |
| NL8001119A (nl) * | 1980-02-25 | 1981-09-16 | Philips Nv | Richtingsonafhankelijk luidsprekerszuil- of vlak. |
| US6115475A (en) * | 1998-07-23 | 2000-09-05 | Diaural, L.L.C. | Capacitor-less crossover network for electro-acoustic loudspeakers |
| US6801631B1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2004-10-05 | Donald J. North | Speaker system with multiple transducers positioned in a plane for optimum acoustic radiation pattern |
| KR20030039926A (ko) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-05-22 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 스피커 일체형 리시버 |
| US20040017921A1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-01-29 | Mantovani Jose Ricardo Baddini | Electrical impedance based audio compensation in audio devices and methods therefor |
| US20060018490A1 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2006-01-26 | Stiles Enrique M | Bessel array |
| CN101124848A (zh) * | 2004-11-18 | 2008-02-13 | 阿佩里奥恩音频公司 | 用于减少扬声器阻抗响应偏差的分频电路 |
| US20080013759A1 (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-17 | Baird Derrick L | Impedance selection circuit |
| JP2008109281A (ja) * | 2006-10-24 | 2008-05-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Engineering Co Ltd | スピーカ装置 |
| US8238588B2 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2012-08-07 | Meyer Sound Laboratories, Incorporated | Loudspeaker system and method for producing synthesized directional sound beam |
| JP2008258968A (ja) * | 2007-04-05 | 2008-10-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Engineering Co Ltd | アレイスピーカ |
| DE102009010278B4 (de) * | 2009-02-16 | 2018-12-20 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Lautsprecher |
| GB2486688A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-27 | Wolfson Microelectronics Plc | Speaker system using several low-frequency loudspeakers around a high-frequency loudspeaker |
-
2014
- 2014-04-30 DE DE102014208256.0A patent/DE102014208256B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-04-23 CN CN201580000959.8A patent/CN105393556B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-04-23 WO PCT/EP2015/058792 patent/WO2015165794A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2015-04-23 EP EP15720645.9A patent/EP2989809B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2015-04-23 JP JP2016528560A patent/JP6364485B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-12-09 US US14/964,531 patent/US10425735B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
| See also references of WO2015165794A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2989809B1 (de) | 2017-10-04 |
| DE102014208256B4 (de) | 2016-03-24 |
| HK1222078A1 (zh) | 2017-06-16 |
| JP6364485B2 (ja) | 2018-07-25 |
| CN105393556A (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
| DE102014208256A1 (de) | 2015-11-05 |
| CN105393556B (zh) | 2019-01-11 |
| JP2016527814A (ja) | 2016-09-08 |
| US20160094915A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
| US10425735B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
| WO2015165794A1 (de) | 2015-11-05 |
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