EP2981361B1 - Appareil et procédé pour le broyage de minerai avec recirculation - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé pour le broyage de minerai avec recirculation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2981361B1
EP2981361B1 EP14715322.5A EP14715322A EP2981361B1 EP 2981361 B1 EP2981361 B1 EP 2981361B1 EP 14715322 A EP14715322 A EP 14715322A EP 2981361 B1 EP2981361 B1 EP 2981361B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ore
elements
pulverizer
comminuting
housing
Prior art date
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EP14715322.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2981361A1 (fr
Inventor
Parviz Gharagozlu
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Micro Impact Mill Ltd
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Micro Impact Mill Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/38—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy in apparatus having multiple crushing or disintegrating zones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C15/00—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs
    • B02C15/06—Mills with rollers forced against the interior of a rotary ring, e.g. under spring action
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/0012—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B02C21/02—Transportable disintegrating plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
    • B02C23/12—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone with return of oversize material to crushing or disintegrating zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
    • B02C7/02—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs
    • B02C7/06—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills with coaxial discs with horizontal axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
    • B02C7/11—Details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for comminuting ore material or rock and / or slag in particular, wherein the ore is pulverized using water in the wet process or even without the use of water in a dry process in a particularly ecological manner.
  • Mining plays a strategic role in the extraction of raw materials. Process improvements are the first step towards more resource use rather than resource consumption.
  • the crushing principle for example, a jaw crusher works only with mechanically generated pressure.
  • the crushing of the crushed material is usually in the wedge-shaped shaft between fixed and an eccentrically moving crushing jaw. During movement, the earthenware is crushed until the material is smaller than the set crushing gap.
  • ball mills In ball mills, the mostly pre-shredded ore stone mills together with iron balls in a drum, which is set in rotation. The ground material is thereby "crushed" by the balls, which manifests itself in particle size reduction. Including a wear of the grinding balls themselves, which also contaminate the crushed ore with the iron of the iron balls.
  • the grinding cylinder In such known ball mills, however, the grinding cylinder must be designed to be particularly robust in order to be able to withstand the impact of the balls on the cylinder wall without damage, as a result of which the weight of the grinding cylinders increases greatly. As a result, the operating costs and energy consumption of such ball mills are high. Furthermore, there is a high wear of the rotating grinding cylinder due to the impact of the balls on the grinding cylinder, so that after a relatively short time both the iron balls and the grinding cylinder must be replaced.
  • ball mills are not suitable for crushing or pulverizing ore material together with slag or slag, since slag, which arises in particular during the further processing of ore as a waste product, is very brittle and has a hard structure.
  • the invention is based on the idea of providing a method and a device for comminuting ore material, wherein the device according to the invention comprises an ore feed device for feeding ore to be comminuted to a first pulverizing device.
  • the first pulverizing device of the device is constructed at least of two mutually movable crushing elements which together form at least one crushing space for the ore to be comminuted, that by at least one of the two crushing elements by at least a relative movement in the form of a rotation about the axis of rotation of at least one of the two comminution elements is partially pulverized that one or more acceleration elements, in particular projections are provided on at least one of the crushing elements, which are arranged in particular on the front side of one of the two crushing elements and which accelerate and crush the ore to be crushed by the rotation of one of the two crushing elements , so that also a meeting of this differently accelerated ore material by a so-called micro-impact for a pulverization of ore material provides.
  • the result is an acceleration of the ore to be comminuted in a particularly simple manner due to the rotation or the different relative speeds of the two comminuting elements.
  • Iron balls they are used in the prior art, are therefore not required, which caused by such iron balls costs do not occur.
  • the invention provides an improved "ball mill without bullets" such that the powdered ore is not contaminated by the galling iron balls.
  • the two crushing elements may rotate in opposite directions, or one crushing element is fixed, and the other crushing element rotates to achieve relative movement between the two crushing elements.
  • a gap is provided between the two comminution elements and / or in at least one of the two comminuting elements, through which during the rotation the pulverized ore is transported away from the center of the rotation to the outside and from the two comminuting elements.
  • the two comminuting elements are preferably designed as two mutually movable disc jaws which act as accelerators and impact bodies for the ore to be comminuted. Adjustable rotation possibilities of the driven disc jaw produce with special driver elements very high relative speeds of the rock.
  • the pulverized ore is discharged from the center of the outward rotation particularly due to the centrifugal force and gravitational force in promoted a gap, which is provided between the two crushing elements and / or in at least one of the two crushing elements.
  • an outlet means for discharging the ore pulverized by the first pulverizing means connected to the space the outlet means being connected to a separating means whereby the pulverized ore is divisible into two portions, a first portion of the pulverized ore Particle size, which is substantially greater than a predetermined particle size of the second portion of the pulverized ore, wherein the first portion of the pulverized ore to the first Pulvermaschiness worn or to a second Pulvermaschiness worn is performed and the second portion of the pulverized ore, in particular directly to a flotation to be led.
  • rock in particular in the first pulverizing device, rock is accelerated, which collides with each other several times in the chaos principle.
  • the finest rock powder is produced in no time at all.
  • the rock undergoes a very high acceleration and kinetic energy in the grinding chamber, which bumps stone on stone and single grain on single grain in the chaos principle.
  • self-collision causes breakage - without the use of mill mechanics or grinding media. No wear can occur, because the replacement of the iron balls in ball mills is costly.
  • the ore discharged from the intermediate space is preferably divided into a proportion of fine ore and a fraction of coarse ore by means of a separator.
  • Coarse ore is to be regarded as ore whose particle size and / or particle weight exceeds a predetermined threshold or fine ore is to be regarded as ore whose particle size and / or particle weight falls below a predetermined threshold.
  • at least the axis of rotation of the first rotational body and / or the second rotational body is aligned substantially parallel to one of the axes of rotation of the crushing elements.
  • only the coarse fraction of the ore or only the fine portion of the ore is supplied for further processing of the second pulverization device.
  • the second portion of the ore which is not supplied to the first and / or second pulverization device, is preferably fed or fed directly to a flotation device. Due to the clash of the The ore to be comminuted with the accelerating elements and the further micro-impact between the differently accelerated ore in the comminuting space in the first pulverizing device, the ore is pulverized in a particularly effective manner. Furthermore, the ore or at least partially processed, in particular partially comminuted, ore is preferably directly and automatically conducted into the second pulverization device, whereby the use of an operator is preferably not required.
  • the already sufficiently comminuted ore or the sufficiently comminuted ore powder is preferably fed directly to a flotation device.
  • a flotation device preferably that the sufficiently comminuted ore after being discharged from the outlet device and passing through the separating device without being subjected to a further treatment step is conveyed or conducted into the flotation device.
  • ore which is conveyed directly from the mine is fed through the hopper of the device according to the invention and is pulverized in a closed circuit, wherein the fully pulverized ore can be fed directly from the separating device to a flotation process, to select the individual components of the ore or metals.
  • one or more acceleration elements in particular projections are provided on both crushing elements, wherein a different relative velocity between the acceleration elements of a crushing element over that of the other crushing element, as this pulverization is improved and accelerated.
  • the acceleration elements which are attached to both the one comminution element and the other comminution element, provide a particularly effective micro-impact due to their different relative speeds, in particular if the acceleration elements of the one and the other comminution element are aligned with each other in such a way that the ore elements to be comminuted in each case be accelerated by the accelerating elements of the one and the other crushing element substantially in opposite directions, thereby the collision of these oppositely accelerated ore elements has a particularly positive effect and leads to a rapid and effective pulverization of the ore material.
  • the first pulverization device and the second pulverization device can also be coupled to different drive devices or can be driven by different drive devices.
  • the drive means of the first pulverizer has a power of substantially, exactly or less than 100kW, more preferably substantially, exactly or less than 50kW and most preferably substantially, exactly or less than 35kW.
  • the first pulverization device is driven with a power that is greater than 100 kW.
  • about 55 t / h of throughput in the device according to the invention (with 35 kW drive) is offset by the lower value of 16 to 18 t / h in the case of the ball mill.
  • a motor of about 750 kW is needed - or even two, three ball mills side by side.
  • noise measurements show a value of 80 dB, whereas 130 dB are the rule for breakers.
  • the device according to the invention requires about three quarters less energy than a comparable ball mill.
  • the first pulverization device and the second pulverization device can be operated simultaneously, in particular by the same drive motor. It is thus preferred that the first pulverization device and the second pulverization device are coupled by means of power transmission means, such as chains, gears and / or belts, to a common drive device. Particularly preferably, the first pulverization device and the second pulverization device are at least temporarily at the same time and most preferably always operated at the same time. Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable that one of the pulverization devices, i. the first pulverizer or the second pulverizer is operable only when the other pulverizer is out of order, or in a non-use state, or in a pause state.
  • the drive device / s are preferably designed as internal combustion engine, hydraulic motor or electric motor.
  • This embodiment is advantageous because the operation of both pulverizing devices at the same time, at least for a time, enables very rapid and efficient processing, in particular pulverization, of the ore.
  • the first and second pulverization devices are arranged in a common housing.
  • Wall parts of the first pulverization device are therefore particularly preferably wall parts of the second pulverization device.
  • the outlet device is a common outlet device of the first pulverization device and the second pulverization device, through which the pulverized ore is fed directly to the separating device.
  • the outlet device is thus preferably designed to connect to one another as the first pulverization device and the second pulverization device, and the ore pulverized by the first pulverization device is at least partially, in particular by means of a recirculation device, into the region of the second pulverization device further comminution controllable.
  • the ore fed from the first pulverization device into the second pulverization device is thus preferably conveyed back into the outlet device after processing in the second pulverization device and from there to the separation device or discharged from the device.
  • the outlet device preferably has a plurality of components.
  • a component is preferably an outlet opening, on which an outlet funnel is particularly preferably arranged.
  • the discharge funnel is preferably used for the controlled discharge of the ore from the interior of the device enclosed by a housing, the first and second pulverization device preferably being arranged in the interior space.
  • This embodiment is advantageous since, for example, pulverized ore, which already has the desired particle size after passing through the first pulverizing device, can be discharged directly from the device via the separating device, while the particles, which are e.g. are still too large or have not yet been crushed accordingly, by means of the separating device of the second Pulvermaschiness liked are zuleitbar.
  • the separating device is preferably designed as a cyclone, i. the pulverized ore is preferably guided at least partially on a spiral path, in particular by means of centrifugal forces.
  • the return or forwarding of the ore pulverized by means of the second pulverization device into the region of the outlet device for feeding to the separating device is advantageous since the entire pulverized ore can be removed via a common outlet device.
  • an outlet device for discharging the pulverized ore out of the device is provided in the region of each pulverization device, the outlet devices preferably opening into a common outlet device which supplies the pulverized ore to the separating device.
  • the size and the design of the device according to the invention are preferably modularly adaptable. Grain size measurements by Fotec in Vienna document after several seconds of operation - the first pulverizing device - a grinding quality of up to 300 ⁇ m, in particular of up to 100 ⁇ m, diameter, which can be measured with an additional aggregate - the second pulverizer - even to substantially at or below 50 microns, and preferably substantially at or below 30 microns and more preferably substantially refine to or below 10 microns.
  • Wet and / or dry both processes work well with the Micro Impact mill. With the addition of water, the freeness further refines. Considering the cost efficiency of this mill, this crusher can substitute the classic chain of crushers and ball mills.
  • the second pulverization device has at least one rotational element which is arranged such that its axis of rotation is oriented substantially parallel and / or congruent to the rotational axis of a comminution element.
  • the pulverization in a short time and in a crushing space with small dimensions is effected, which means that the device according to the invention has in their dimensions overall only small dimensions.
  • the dimensions and in particular the wall thicknesses of the rotating and possibly also fixed crushing elements are very low interpretable, and accordingly only a slight wear occurs and high efficiency is achieved.
  • the energy consumption in both the production and in the operation of the device according to the invention is low, whereby the manufacturing cost of the device according to the invention and the operating costs over known devices are particularly advantageous.
  • the second pulverization device has a plurality of rotation elements.
  • a first rotary element is designed as a rotary ring body and a second rotary element is preferably designed as a rotary body for introducing pressure forces and / or shear forces into the ore.
  • the second pulverization device has a plurality, in particular at least, at most or exactly 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, rotation elements, one of the rotation elements, in particular exactly one of the rotation elements, being designed as a rotation ring body.
  • a rotatably arranged rotary ring body is preferably provided and within the rotary ring body at least one rotatable rotary body is provided.
  • the second pulverizing device particularly preferably comprises three rotary elements, wherein two rotary elements are designed as drum-type grinding bodies and a rotary element is designed as a rotary annular body enclosing the two rotary bodies in the circumferential direction.
  • This embodiment is advantageous since the wedge effect for applying the pressure and / or shear forces to the ore to be pulverized can be effected or occurs by a plurality of effective surface areas of a rotation element by a plurality of, in particular three, rotatably interacting rotation elements, whereby a very high throughput can be generated or generated
  • the device is very small executable.
  • the second pulverization device thus has two rotational bodies, wherein the first rotational body and the second rotational body are embodied as two drum-shaped grinding bodies oriented essentially parallel to one another and are enclosed in the circumferential direction by the rotational ring body such that a driven rotation of the rotary ring body causes a rotation of the rotary body to comminute ore located between the rotary ring body and the rotary bodies.
  • the interaction of the rotary body and the rotary body ring exposes the ore to a load which has a grinding effect and thus causes further comminution or further pulverization of the ore.
  • the grinding drums are arranged to be pivotable or displaceable, wherein a pivoting or sliding movement is particularly preferably adjustable, restrictable and / or prestressable.
  • the outer surfaces of the drum-type grinding bodies are tapered conically starting from their essentially axial center towards their axial ends.
  • This embodiment is advantageous because the process speed of the comminution is significantly improved due to this shaping, in particular by the utilization of a wedge-like compression of the ore.
  • the surfaces of the grinding bodies are cylindrical or substantially cylindrical or spherical, in particular in the form of involutes. This embodiment is also advantageous because it causes a removal of the ore from the second pulverization out.
  • the rotary ring body is according to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention rotatably supported by means of two additional shafts, in particular by means of three additional shafts, wherein at least one of these additional shafts, in particular two additional shafts, is driven.
  • This embodiment is advantageous, since in particular by three additional waves optimum storage of the rotating body can be provided.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous because a high driving force can be transmitted to the ring element by the drive of several waves and thus high pressure and / or shear forces can be introduced into the ore to be pulverized.
  • the rotational bodies embodied as drum-like grinding bodies are likewise coupled via power transmission means, such as a chain, a belt, gears and / or a shaft, with one or more motors for driving the rotary ring body or another motor, and thus also are drivable.
  • the rotational bodies embodied as grinding bodies are not actively driven but only passively driven, that is, they move as a result of a rotation of the ring element.
  • the ring elements designed as a grinding body in each case via its own drive or via a common drive, in particular in response to the rotation of the ring element, depending on a process speed of the first pulverization or independently of the rotation of the ring element driven.
  • the first pulverization device is drivable by a main drive according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention and the second pulverization device is drivable by an auxiliary drive, wherein the auxiliary drive is coupled to at least one of the auxiliary shafts, and wherein the main drive and the auxiliary drive arranged on one side of the housing are, which is opposite to the side of the housing, on which the Erzzugot sensible is arranged.
  • This embodiment is advantageous because the device is extremely compact and inexpensive to produce due to this arrangement.
  • the ore to be comminuted is supplied to the device on one side of the housing and on the other side of the housing, the introduction of drive energy into the first and second pulverization device takes place.
  • the device according to the invention can preferably be operated continuously, since the drive train or the drive trains are not influenced by the ore feed.
  • a control device for simultaneously controlling the drives of the first pulverization device and the second pulverization device is provided.
  • This embodiment is advantageous because it allows any adaptation of the pulverization to, for example, the ore composition or to the raw material structure.
  • the operating speeds of the first and the second pulverizing device can be chosen differently.
  • the first pulverization device is operated faster than the second pulverization device, wherein it is also conceivable that the second pulverization device is operated faster than the first pulverization device.
  • both pulverization devices are operated at the same speed.
  • the operating speed of the first pulverizing device is preferably determined by the speed of the rotating pulverizing element, and the operating speed of the second pulverizing device is preferably determined by the rotational speed of the rotary annular body.
  • the housing of the device is in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention in the extension direction of the axis of rotation of a crushing lockable from a housing cover, wherein the housing cover by means of a hydraulic device is preferably or at least substantially movable in the direction of extension of the axis of rotation to the housing of a open configuration in a closed configuration or to transfer from a closed configuration in an open configuration, wherein on the housing cover particularly preferably the ore feed device is arranged.
  • This embodiment is advantageous because the housing of the device according to the invention can be opened easily and without influencing the drive train, whereby cleaning and / or control and / or service activities can be carried out in a safe and fast manner.
  • first rotary body and / or the second rotary body are formed in a further preferred embodiment of the present invention as two substantially parallel to each other aligned drum-type grinding media.
  • a plurality of rotational bodies in particular a third and / or a fourth rotational body, are provided, which may preferably also be designed as a drum-like grinding body.
  • the grinding media may be hollow or solid in sections.
  • the grinding media are at least partially, and more preferably entirely made of metal, plastic, mineral material and / or of a composite material. This embodiment is advantageous because the wedge-shaped design of the rotary body results in a wedge effect, by which larger ore particles or ore particles and small ore particles or ore particles can be treated or comminuted by the second pulverization device.
  • the two comminution elements of the first pulverization device are constructed by a fixed fixed element and a rotating rotary element, wherein the fixed element essentially has in its center a feed opening for supplying the ore to be comminuted, and wherein the two comminution elements in a housing are accommodated, which comprises an outlet device, in particular in the form of an outlet funnel.
  • the rotary member is at least relative to the fixed element by means of a motor set in rotation, wherein between the fixed element and the rotary member of the crushing space is formed by corresponding recesses acting as acceleration elements, at least in the rotary member and Are provided or the solid element, so that the ore is pulverized by the relative movement between the fixed element and the rotary member.
  • the recesses in the end face of the comminution elements represent a particularly simple design for accelerating the ore to be comminuted.
  • the cutouts can also form corresponding protrusions, with an angle range which is particularly advantageous both in the recesses and in the protrusions is formed between the outer end face of the crushing elements and the recesses, since this angular range can be made obliquely so that the rotation of the crushing element ensures effective transmission of force to the ore to be accelerated.
  • the comminuting space between the fixed element and the rotary element is configured to taper substantially conically outward from the axis of rotation of the rotary element.
  • the rotation of the rotary member by a gear or an adjustable belt drive is variable, so that the engine can be driven in each case with optimized operating parameters.
  • the rotary element has a ramp region with increasing pitch as part of the comminution space through which the ore and / or in particular slag to be comminuted is accelerated and comminuted, then in addition to the protrusions or recesses, an advantageous comminution of ore and / or slag can be achieved with the rotation of the rotary member different cross section of the Ramp area. It is particularly advantageous if the ramp region is provided in the transport direction of the ore material and / or the slag after the feed opening of the fixed element and before the projections and / or recesses of the two comminution elements, in order to be pre-comminuted by pulverization by the protrusions and / or recesses to care.
  • the intermediate space between the two comminuting elements is adjustable in the axial direction of rotation by a variable distance between the two comminution elements, wherein the interspacing comprises in particular star-shaped Auslass incisions in the rotary element or the fixed element leading away from the axis of rotation of the rotary element.
  • the variable adjustment of the distance between the two crushing elements the pulverization and thus the average grain size of the pulverized ore material can be varied. That is, with a larger distance between the two crushing elements, the pulverized ore has a larger average grain size, and with a smaller distance between the two crushing elements, the average grain size of the pulverized ore is smaller.
  • the final result of the pulverization by the operating personnel can be predetermined as desired.
  • a ramp area is likewise provided on the fixed element, which cooperates with the ramp area of the rotary element such that the ore to be comminuted is accelerated and comminuted by the gradients of both ramp areas.
  • these ramp areas in the form of a worm can extend over a radial region on the end face of the two comminuting elements, so that together they provide for a reduction in the size of the ore immediately after feeding the ore to be comminuted and accelerate it.
  • water is supplied into the comminution space or into the first and / or second pulverization device through a water inlet and is transported away by the outlet device together with the pulverized ore.
  • the use of water to pulverize the ore may speed up the pulverization process which does not necessarily require the supply of water.
  • the supply of water reduces the formation of dust, which can have significant health consequences for the operating personnel.
  • the first and / or the second pulverizing device has a water inlet into the crushing chamber, through which water is supplied to the ore to be crushed according to a predetermined amount.
  • the addition of water to the device according to the invention makes it possible to prevent the formation of dust in the process of obtaining pulverized ore.
  • a hopper or feed hopper 1 which represents the ore feed device.
  • a screw conveyor may also be provided, which feeds the ore to be comminuted under pressure into the first pulverizing device.
  • the ore is fed through the hopper 1 to the cylinder-like housing 3, which is mounted on a foot 2 and a foot 6.
  • the pulverization of the ore to be crushed takes place.
  • a motor 8 provides a drive roller 11 and a belt 10 and a pulley 9 for the transmission of torque from the motor 8 to the first pulverizing device.
  • a suction opening 4 is optionally possible, through which the pulverized ore can be sucked by means of a negative pressure.
  • an outlet funnel 14 is provided in the lower region of the housing 3, which generally forms the first outlet device. Through this discharge funnel 14, the pulverized ore is discharged by means of gravity or by suction from the device.
  • a control flap 15 may be provided on the housing 3 to provide access to the interior of the housing if necessary. However, this is not necessary for the function of the device according to the invention. As in particular from Fig. 3 can be seen, the control flap 15 as well as the feed hopper 1 in the upper region of the device is arranged. Further, the ore may be fed through the feed hopper in a continuous manner to the first pulverizer or may be supplied non-continuously to the first pulverizer if only sporadically ore or slag is fed to the apparatus.
  • Fig. 4 respectively.
  • Fig. 5 each show a side view of the device, from which it can be seen that the outlet funnel 14 is provided in the lower region of the cylindrical housing 3.
  • the pulley 9 is, as already described, driven by the motor 8 and transmits this torque via a shaft 21 to a thereby rotating crushing element 30.
  • the crushing element 30 is constructed in the simplest form as a rotating rotary member 30 with a disk-shaped configuration, which together with a fixed fixed element 40, the first pulverization device 300 forms. How out Fig. 6 can be seen, the ore to be crushed through the inlet hopper 1 is thereby fed into the housing 3, that a feed opening 41 is provided substantially in the center of the fixed element.
  • the ore material supplied through the supply port 41 is then pulverized between the fixed member 40 and the rotating rotary member 30 and discharged and pulverized in a pulverized form radially outward between the two crushing members 30, 40 and collected within the casing 3 in pulverized form, and then from the Outlet funnel 14 discharged.
  • the material or the stone first passes into the machine via a feed funnel.
  • Per passage opening in the middle of the fixed disc jaw or the fixed crushing element 40 the material enters the space, wherein the driven disc jaw or the comminution element 30 provides for the acceleration of the material or the earthenware.
  • driving elements are preferably integrated, which put the supplied ore in a radial velocity. With the absorbed acceleration energy, the stones collide with each other and this leads to highly efficient pulverization of the ground material.
  • This micro-impact is based on the material being accelerated by the relative movement of the comminuting elements 30, 40 or of the jaws, and due to the narrowness of the interspace, the comminution takes place in very rapid time intervals.
  • the driver elements on the disc jaws 30, 40 ensure the high speeds in the radial as well as in the axial direction, so that in the sequence the resulting powder is pressed outward from the gap and as powder or powder for further processing by discharge funnel 14 back out of the device 290 arrives.
  • a pump device 410 adjoins the outlet funnel 14, to which in turn a separating device 413 adjoins.
  • the separating device 413 is particularly preferably designed as a centrifuge.
  • the ore fed via the outlet funnel 14 of the pump device 410 is preferably accelerated and / or pressurized by means of the pump device 410 and introduced into the separating device 413 via a line section 419, in particular a pipe or a hose.
  • the pump device 410 is directly or directly connected to the separating device 413.
  • Ore is discharged via the first outlet 414, which is again to be supplied to the first pulverization device, in particular to the size reduction elements 30, 40.
  • the feed of the ore discharged via the first outlet 414 preferably takes place according to the transport path T2, ie the ore to be further comminuted is preferably fed to the feed hopper 1.
  • the housing 3, the first pulverization device 300 and / or the feed hopper 1 has a supply port 520, can be supplied via the flowable substances of the first Pulvermaschines worn 300.
  • the ore conveyed via T2 is regarded as flowable substance.
  • the feed port 520 may have a plurality of coupling points for coupling one or more further line elements.
  • a line or a line element for supplying a liquid, in particular water or a liquid having water is coupled via the feed connection 520 to the device 290 according to the invention.
  • the separating device 41 preferably has a second outlet 416, from which the already sufficiently comminuted ore is discharged.
  • the sufficiently comminuted ore or ore which is no longer to be supplied to the first pulverization device 300, ie the comminution elements 30, 40, is preferably conveyed corresponding to the transport path T3 directly to a further processing device, in particular a second pulverization device (cf. Fig. 17 ) or a flotation device.
  • the spring device 504 may be formed, for example, as a mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic suspension means and is preferably arranged between the pulley 9 and the shaft 21. However, it is conceivable that the spring device 504 may also be formed or provided at other positions in the region of the shaft 21.
  • the reference character S1 indicates a displacement path which can be traveled by the shaft 21 or between which the shaft 21 is variably supported when the shaft 21 is displaced in its axial direction and causes a deflection of the spring device 504.
  • the pressure generated threatens to increase further, whereby the load on the device components, in particular the crushing elements 30, 40, the drive shaft 21, the bearings 506, 508, etc. also increases sharply and can even reach a level , from which damage to one or more of these components is possible.
  • a spring device 504 according to the invention, overloading of the components during operation of the first pulverization device 300 can be prevented. Namely, the spring device 504 springs in when the load becomes too great or exceeds a certain, in particular adjusted, level. Due to the deflection of the spring device 504 results in a displacement of a crushing element 30, whereby the crushing elements 30, 40 are spaced from each other.
  • comminution projections 35, 45 of the comminuting elements 30, 40 can occur in the region of comminution projections 35, 45 of the comminuting elements 30, 40 and do not disintegrate as a result of the pressure acting on them. Since the comminution projections 35, 45 of the comminution elements 30, 40 are arranged radially spaced from the center of the comminution projections 35, 45, ore particles or ore particles in this area cause the formation of high moments, which damage the first pulverization device 300, in particular one or both comminution elements 30 , 40, the drive shaft 21, etc., can lead.
  • the inventive arrangement of a spring means 504 preferably also in this case allows a deflection of a comminution element 30, 40, in particular of the comminuting element 30, which is coupled to the shaft 21, to take place.
  • the type of pulverization according to the invention requires only a short time due to the small space requirement of the comminuting space, whereby the pulverized ore is transported away through a gap 60 between the two comminution elements 30, 40 during the rotation of the rotary element to the outside and from both comminuting elements 30, 40, as exemplified by the powdered ore 55 in Fig. 7 is shown.
  • This means that the ore lumps are pulverized by a relative movement in the form of a rotation between the two comminution elements 30, 40, wherein according to another embodiment, two comminution elements 30, 40 can be used with different rotational speeds and the same or opposite direction of rotation.
  • Fig. 7 Analogous to Fig. 6a the ore to be comminuted is fed via the feed opening 41, which is preferably located substantially in the center of the comminution section 40, which is preferably designed as a fixed element, into a comminuting space between the fixed element 40 and the rotary element 30.
  • Fig. 7 By way of example, individual ore lumps 50 are shown, which show the ore to be comminuted.
  • the two crushing elements form a crushing space, wherein one or more acceleration elements are arranged on at least the rotary element or the fixed element in order to provide for an acceleration and a corresponding comminution of the supplied ore.
  • one or more acceleration elements are arranged on at least the rotary element or the fixed element in order to provide for an acceleration and a corresponding comminution of the supplied ore.
  • Fig. 8 shows the two crushing elements of Fig. 7 in the unfolded state along with exemplarily arranged to be comminuted ore 50 and pulverized ore 55.
  • the ore to be comminuted 50 is fed via the feed opening 41 through the fixed element 40 in the crushing space between the two crushing elements, as already explained.
  • the rotary member 30 has a ramp portion 31 which from the beginning of the ramp 32 to the ramp end 33 has a rising slope and may be part of the crushing space.
  • the ore 50 to be comminuted is already comminuted on account of the rising ramp region 31, as shown schematically by the decreasing spherical ore particles 51 and 52.
  • the ramp region 31 cooperates with a ring region 42 of the fixed element 40. Subsequently, the ore of protrusions 35 acting as accelerating members is accelerated and pulverized due to the rotation of the rotary member 30, which is in Fig. 8 are arranged at a uniform spacing in the circumferential direction of the rotary member 30.
  • the fixed element 40 may also have projections 45, which are arranged analogously to the projections 35 of the rotary member 30. Between the projections 35 of the rotary member corresponding recesses 36 are provided on the end face of the rotary member 30 as part of the crushing space.
  • the protrusions 35 have a predetermined angle in the transition to the recesses 36 to accelerate the ore to be crushed in both the radial direction in accordance with the rotation and the axial direction of the rotation axis of the rotary member.
  • the ore to be comminuted is accelerated into the center of the comminution space, where it encounters other accelerated ore elements, resulting in a fictitious pulverization by the micro-impact.
  • the fixed element 30 has corresponding recesses 46 between the projections 45 of the fixed element 40.
  • the intermediate space 60 is formed by the variable distance between the two comminution elements 30, 40, wherein, in addition to the variable distance, outlet passages 61 leading away from the rotational axis of the rotary element 30 in the rotary element 30 may be provided in the rotary element 30.
  • Auslasseinterrorisme 62 are provided in the fixed element 40 at a uniform spacing.
  • the pulverized ore 55 is discharged to the outside through the outlet recesses 61 and 62, respectively.
  • the variable distance between the two comminution elements can be adjusted in particular by a hydraulic device, wherein preferably the fixed element 40 can be variably positioned in the axial direction with respect to the rotary element 30 to adjust the pulverization in particular to a different ore material in terms of size or composition can.
  • the fixed element 30 or the rotary element 40 or the two comminution elements can be moved apart hydraulically in the axial direction for repair and assembly work. Alternatively, they can be removed from the operating position by a pivoting movement of one of the two crushing elements from each other.
  • the acceleration elements 35 or other elements of the first pulverization device subjected to high mechanical stress can be processed or replaced.
  • this enables mechanically highly loaded elements within the first pulverization device or for example the acceleration elements or projections 35 to be constructed from different materials and can be exchanged as required. This allows wear parts within the crushing space, such as the projections, also adapted to different ore material.
  • FIG. 6 which illustrates a schematically enlarged distance between the rotary member 30 and the fixed member 40, it can be seen that at only a small distance the ore to be crushed is thrown radially outwardly by the rotation and is caught by the casing 3 before the pulverized Ore is discharged via the outlet funnel 14 of the inventive device 290, for example, only by gravity or additionally by a suction device or a pump device or the like.
  • Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment of a fixed element 140, which has a feed opening 141 in the center.
  • the fixed element 140 is that of Fig. 8 identical, wherein the fixed element 140 has obliquely Auslasseinitese 162 through which the pulverized ore is transported to the outside.
  • FIG. 9 shown fixed element 41 may also be used in the illustrated form as a second rotary element, which compared to the in Fig. 8 illustrated rotary member 30 may have a different relative speed.
  • a comminution element shown has an angular range 144, which extends in each case on both sides from the acceleration element 143 to the recess 145.
  • these two angular regions 144 may also be provided on only one side of the acceleration element 143 in order to accelerate the ore to be comminuted, depending on the direction of rotation of the comminuting element, both radially and axially with respect to the rotation of the comminuting element.
  • Fig. 10 is a cross section of the fixed element 40 of Fig. 8 illustrated, wherein the feed opening 41 has a funnel-shaped structure.
  • FIG. 11 a further embodiment of the crushing elements according to the present invention is shown.
  • FIGS. 7 to 10 are in the Fig. 11 to Fig. 13 further embodiments for cooperating crushing elements, which within the device according to Fig. 6 can be arranged.
  • a fixed element 240 and a rotating rotary element 230 are shown, wherein the ore to be comminuted 50 is fed via the feed opening 241 into the comminuting space between the fixed element 240 and the rotary element 230.
  • the crushing space between the fixed member 240 and the rotary member 230 is formed from the rotation axis of the rotary member 230 to the outside substantially conically tapered, whereby the pulverization of the ore is accomplished on the one hand.
  • the other is off Fig. 12 it can be seen that the rotary element 230 has recesses 236, which are arranged at a uniform distance around the axis of rotation of the rotary element.
  • These recesses 236 provide in particular by the obliquely arranged transitions of the recess 236 for an acceleration and thus a pulverization of the ore due to the rotation, which ensures a relative movement between the rotary member 230 and the fixed element 240.
  • Fig. 13 is the fixed element 240 of Fig. 11 shown, which together with the rotary member 230 of Fig. 12 interacts.
  • the fixed element 240 shows in cross section in Fig. 13 the feed opening 241.
  • the fixed element 240 has analogous to the rotary member 230 recesses 246 in the radial direction about the center of the axis of rotation.
  • the chamfered portions of the recesses 236, 246 of the rotary member 230 and the fixed member 240 provide for an acceleration and crushing of the ore, which is discharged in powdered form through the gap 260 between the rotary member 230 and the fixed member 240 to the outside.
  • water can still be fed through the ore feed device into the comminution chamber during the comminution process through a water inlet (not shown) or through the supply of water.
  • the water forms together with the ore during and after the pulverization a mud-like compound, wherein the water is transported together with the pulverized ore material through the outlet device.
  • the ramp area 31 is particularly advantageous for the slag crushing, since such a ramp area on the rotary member for pre-shredding of slag due to the rotation of the rotary member provides, in the transport direction after the ramp area projections and / or recesses according to the invention in the Crushing elements are provided to pulverize the particularly brittle and hard slag.
  • the number of protrusions on the two comminution elements may be the same, however, a different number of accelerator elements may be provided on the two comminution elements.
  • both crushing elements can rotate in the opposite direction to increase the relative movement between the two crushing elements.
  • the shape of the crushing chamber which is formed by the two crushing elements, in different ways executable, with different types of accelerating elements may be arranged in plate-shaped or wedge-shaped or similar form, accelerated by the ore to be crushed between the two crushing elements and thereby pulverized becomes.
  • a further crushing chamber which is provided independently of the two crushing elements, but is integrated into the device according to the invention.
  • an apparatus and a method for comminuting ore material and / or slag in particular, which comprises an ore feed device for supplying ore to be comminuted to a first pulverization device, wherein the first pulverization device is constructed of at least two mutually movable crushing elements, which in such a way form at least one comminuting space for the ore to be comminuted, that the ore to be comminuted is pulverized by a relative movement in the form of a rotation of at least one of the two comminuting elements by providing one or more acceleration elements, in particular protrusions, on at least one of the comminution elements are arranged in particular on the front side of at least one of the two crushing elements and which accelerate by the rotation of one of the two crushing elements to crushing ore and zer and wherein between the two crushing elements and / or in at least one of the two crushing elements, a gap is provided, through which during the rotation, the pulverized ore is transported from the center
  • FIG. 14 an exploded perspective view of the device 290 according to the invention is shown.
  • This illustration shows that the device 290 in the area a first pulverization device 300, a feed device 1, in particular a feed hopper 1, by means of the ore to be processed in the housing 3 to the first pulverization device 300 is conductive.
  • the housing 3 is preferably positioned by means of two plate-like feet 2, 6 with respect to the ground or with a preferably below the housing 3 arranged frame member 305 coupled.
  • the housing 3 of the first pulverization device 300 preferably has an opening 4, in particular a suction opening 4 for the suction of already crushed ore.
  • an outlet device 14 (cf. Fig. 17 ) educated.
  • Reference numeral 340 preferably denotes a hydraulic device (cf. Fig. 20a / b ).
  • the second pulverizer 301 is formed laterally adjacent to the first pulverizer 300.
  • the first pulverizer 300 and the second pulverizer 301 are disposed on the same frame member 305.
  • a housing wall 306 of the housing 3 is coupled on the one hand to the first pulverization device 300 and on the other hand to the second pulverization device 301.
  • the housing wall 306 preferably has a plurality of fixing points 354, 381 for arranging, receiving and / or fixing a first means 302 for fixing and / or supporting a preferably designed as Mahlring 344 rotational body, a second means 303 for fixing and / or storing the grinding ring 344th and a third means 304 for fixing and / or supporting the grinding ring 344.
  • the Mahlring 344 is preferably movably supported and driven by the movement means 302, 303 and 304.
  • the grinding ring 344 preferably encloses in the radial direction at least one further rotation body 345 and particularly preferably at least or exactly two rotational bodies 345, 380, which are particularly preferably designed as drum-like bodies.
  • an opening 382 is preferably formed in the housing wall 306.
  • the first opening 382 is particularly preferred for performing the drive shaft, which is provided for driving the crushing element 30.
  • the first means 302 and the second means 303 are preferably identical in design and preferably arranged below a center of the grinding ring 344 in the vertical direction.
  • the means 302, 303 may also be referred to as axles or movable shafts 371, 313.
  • the first means 302 and the second means 303 each have a force introduction element, in particular a drive wheel 367, on.
  • the drive elements 367 are preferably mechanically coupled together and thus simultaneously or synchronously movable or driven.
  • the drive wheel 367 is preferably followed in the axial direction by a disk element 364, a fixing element 366, a stop element 361, rolling bearings and / or one or more receiving sleeves 356, by means of which the axles or shafts 371, 313 preferably engage with the grinding ring 344 in an operative connection can be brought on.
  • a drive wheel 367 of a means 302, 303 is directly or indirectly connected to a further drive element 368, in particular a gear for transmitting drive forces.
  • the toothed wheel 368 is preferably connected via an endless element 369, in particular a chain or a belt, to a further drive element, in particular a further toothed wheel 368, which is preferably arranged directly on a drive device, in particular a motor 370.
  • the motor 370 directly cooperates with one of the drive wheels 367 or is arranged thereon.
  • the third means for fixing and / or force transmission 304 which is preferably also denoted as upper axis or shaft 357, is preferably arranged above the center of the grinding ring 344 and particularly preferably arranged in the vertical direction just above the center of the grinding ring 344.
  • the third means 304 preferably comprises a disk element 365, a fixing body 363, an inner cover element 362, a nut 360, a washer 359, roller bearings 358 and / or one or more receiving sleeves 355, by means of which the shaft 357 preferably with the grinding ring 344 can be brought into an operative connection, on.
  • the first means 302, the second means 303 and / or the third means 304 are preferably aligned substantially or exactly parallel to each other, wherein preferably at least one of these means 302, 303, 304 is also aligned substantially or exactly parallel to a rotation axis of a crushing element ,
  • the reference numeral 307 denotes a fourth means for fixing and / or force transmission.
  • the fourth means 307 is preferably used for aligning or holding the rotary body 345, 380 with respect to the Mahlring 344.
  • the fourth means 307 has a drive means for the active drive or a rotational body 345, 380 or with a coupled to such a drive device.
  • the fourth means 307 may preferably be referred to as an axle or shaft 351 and preferably comprises an outer cover element 354, a fixing device 366, an inner cover element 352, a spacer element 348 for receiving and / or spacing the axles 347, Wälzlagerabdeckmaschine 348, axles 347 and /. or rolling bearings 346 on.
  • the rotary bodies 345, 380 are therefore rotatably supported by the bearings 346.
  • Fig. 15 is a detailed perspective view of components of the second pulverization device 301 shown.
  • the second pulverization device 301 has a rotational body designed as a grinding ring 344, which encloses two further rotational bodies 345, 380, which are embodied as drum-like grinding elements or grinding drums, radially at least in sections and preferably completely.
  • the grinding ring 344 and the grinding drums 345, 380 preferably have substantially the same length, wherein it is also conceivable that the grinding drums 345, 380 are made axially longer than the grinding ring 344 or vice versa.
  • the grinding drums 345, 380 preferably have an outer surface 383, which are preferably spherical, in particular starting from its substantially axial center tapering towards its axial ends, are formed.
  • the inner surface 383 of the grinding ring 344 is preferably cylindrical, wherein it is also conceivable that it is negative or substantially negative to the outer surface 383 of the grinding drums 345, 380 is formed.
  • the outer surface 384 of the grinding ring 344 is preferably cylindrical. With the outer surface 384 of the grinding ring 344 are preferably exactly three means 302, 303, 304 for fixing and / or force transmission, in particular via a respective element 55 for guiding the grinding ring 344, preferably in a line contact and particularly preferably in a surface contact.
  • the reference numeral 348 preferably denotes a bearing cover, which preferably the drum body of the grinding drum 380 and the storage, preferably as a roller bearing consisting of preferably at least or exactly two rolling bearings 346 (see. Fig. 14 ), at least partially radially overlapped, in particular covered such that the storage is protected from the entry of ore powder.
  • the axes of rotation of the two grinding drums 344, 380 are preferably arranged spaced apart by a spacing element 349.
  • the spacing element 349 is preferably designed as a strut-shaped, in particular plate-shaped, receiving element, in particular of metal.
  • a fixing body 366 is also preferably arranged on the spacing element 349 or coupled to the spacing element 349.
  • the fixing body 366 can in this case be provided for the one-sided attachment of the grinding drum unit 345, 380, 348, 349 to a housing part (not shown), in particular a further housing wall.
  • the fixing body 366 is designed as a drive unit 366 and serves for actively driving the grinding drums 344, 380.
  • the first means for fixing and transmitting 302 and the second means for fixing and transmitting 303 have gears 367 which are interconnected by a chain 360. It can also be seen that the second means for fixing and transmitting 303 is also provided with a circular disk-like power transmission plate 368 formed radially for receiving a belt 372 through which the second means for fixing and transmitting power 302 with another round power transmission plate 368 which in turn is connected to a drive device 370, in particular a motor for operating the second pulverization device 301.
  • Fig. 16 is a sectional view represented by the Erzzerklein mecanicsvortechnisch 290 according to the invention.
  • the device housing 3 which by means of feet 6 against a substrate or a support frame (see. Fig. 19 or Fig. 20a / b ) is held.
  • the housing 3 encloses the second pulverization device 301 preferably completely in the circumferential direction.
  • On the inner surface of the housing 3 and on the second Pulvermaschiness responded 301 facing surface side of the housing preferably a plurality of holding devices, in particular exactly three holding devices namely a first holding device 402, a second holding device 403 and a third holding device 404, arranged.
  • the holding devices 402, 403, 404 are preferably used for positioning or holding drive and / or guide elements 355.
  • the drive and / or guide elements 355 are preferably rollers which are rotatably arranged on the holding devices 402, 403, 404.
  • at least one of the drive and / or guide elements 355 is driven by means of a motor.
  • two or all drive and / or guide elements 355 are driven, in particular by a motor or by a respective motor.
  • the drive and / or guide elements 355 serve for driving and / or guiding the grinding ring 344.
  • the grinding ring 344 is preferably adjacent to the housing wall 406.
  • the housing wall 406 preferably has a central opening 382 which is used to pass through a drive device, in particular a shaft, for driving the first pulverization device 300, in particular the comminution element 30 (cf. Fig. 6 and Fig. 17 ) is provided. Furthermore, in the housing wall 406, a feed device 408 is formed or the feed device 408 is preferably tubular and extends through the wall 406 therethrough. The feed device 408 is preferably used for feeding material already pulverized with the first pulverization device 300. The feed device 408 preferably extends within the housing 3 or into a region enclosed by the grinding ring 344 in such a way that the material supplied by means of the feed device 408 is introduced in front of the first grinding drum 345.
  • the grinding ring 344 preferably rotates in the direction indicated by the reference R, whereby the material introduced in front of the first grinding drum 345 is conveyed between the grinding ring 344 and the grinding drum 345. Through the interaction of grinding ring 344 and grinding drum 345, the material is further crushed or pulverized. Furthermore, a second grinding drum 380 is shown, it is thus conceivable that a plurality of grinding drums 345, 380 are used. It is preferably conceivable that any number of grinding drums 345, 380, in particular exactly, more or less than one, two, three, four or five grinding drums, are used.
  • the individual grinding drums 345, 380 are preferably rotatable and particularly preferably actively driven by means of a drive device.
  • the grinding drums 345, 380 only passively, ie driven or rotated as a result of rotation of the grinding ring 344.
  • the grinding drums 345, 380 are preferably arranged on the housing wall 406 via spacer elements 349 for receiving the grinding drums 345, 380 via coupling points 412. It is conceivable that the positions of the grinding drums 345, 380 means the spacing elements 349 is variable or adjustable. The distance, in particular a maximum distance, of the outer grinding drum surface to the inner Mahlringober decoration is preferably adjustable.
  • the grinding drums 345, 380 or one of the grinding drums 345, 380 is spring-loaded or pressed against the grinding ring or biased.
  • Fig. 17 is one opposite the Fig. 6a around the second pulverizing device 301 extended ersatz grinding device 290 according to the invention shown.
  • the ore shredder device 290 has a feed hopper 1, via which coarse material to be shredded can be introduced into the device.
  • the material is comminuted by means of the first pulverization device 300, in particular by the cooperating elements 30, 40, ie the comminution element 30 and the solid element 40.
  • the comminuted pieces of material are moved out of the area between the elements 30, 40, in particular by gravity, and reach a funnel 14.
  • the elements 30, 40 are preferably at a distance of substantially, exactly or at most 7 cm and more preferably in FIG a distance of substantially, exactly or at most 5 cm and more preferably at a distance of substantially, exactly or at most 3.5 cm to each other. It is conceivable that the distance between the elements 30, 40 is adjustable, in particular variable, is. Particularly preferably, the distance between the elements 30, 40 can be adjusted continuously or in predefined stages.
  • the funnel 14 passes the comminuted material, according to the arrow T1, via a pump device 410 into a separator or into a separating device 413.
  • the separator 413 separates, in particular ciclo-type, sufficiently comminuted material portions of material portions which have not been sufficiently comminuted.
  • the insufficiently comminuted material portions, which have been separated by the separator 413 from the sufficiently comminuted material portions, are discharged from the separator 413 via a first outlet port 414 or branch, and are conveyed according to the conveyor line indicated by the reference numeral T2 of a feed device 408 (cf. Fig. 16 ).
  • the introduction device 408 is preferably mounted in the region of the wall 406 and serves for introducing the material fractions to be further comminuted into the second pulverization device 301. It is additionally or alternatively also conceivable for the further material fractions to be comminuted to be fed again to the first pulverization device 300.
  • the reference numeral 416 is a second outlet opening or a further branch marked.
  • the sufficiently pulverized ore according to the conveyor line T3 can be diverted or discharged from the area of the device 290, wherein the ore is preferably conveyed or conducted directly to a flotation device.
  • the separator 413 has three outlet devices and the comminuted material assigns three material size range, wherein the already sufficiently comminuted material is further promoted according to T3 and the insufficiently comminuted material is divided into a coarse and a fine portion. The coarse fraction can then be fed again to the first pulverization device 300 and the fine fraction can be fed to the second pulverization device 301, in particular according to FIG.
  • the sufficiently comminuted, in particular pulverized, material fractions are removed from the ore comminution device via the arrow marked in accordance with the arrow designated by the reference symbol T3, and are particularly preferably supplied directly to a flotation device.
  • the shafts 357, 371 serve to drive the elements for guiding and / or driving 355.
  • the individual shafts 357, 371 are connected to drive devices 304.
  • a third wave is particularly preferred (cf. Fig. 14 ) for driving a third guiding and / or driving element 355 (cf. Fig. 15 ) intended.
  • the grinding drums 345, 380 are shown, which are enclosed in the circumferential direction of the Mahlring.
  • the reference numeral 504 denotes a spring device, which may be formed, for example, as a mechanical compression spring or coil spring, gas spring or as a hydraulic spring.
  • the spring means 504 causes the shaft 21 and thus the crushing means 30 is axially loaded with a force of several tons. This means that an axial displacement of the shaft 21 in the X direction only occurs when, for example, as a result of a material jam between the crushing elements 30, 40 generates forces which are directed in the X direction and exceed the spring force.
  • the spring device 504 thus advantageously causes the shaft 21 and the crushing elements 30, 40 to be exposed in X-direction only to a predetermined or set maximum force, whereby these elements are protected from damage.
  • the displacement S1 of the shaft 21 as a result of a deflection of the spring means 504 is preferably in the range of a few or a few millimeters to a few or a few centimeters.
  • the spring force can be set or predefined in such a way that defined ore particle sizes can be generated. The smaller the spring force, the larger the resulting ore particle sizes.
  • the spring force is infinitely or continuously or in stages adjustable.
  • roller bearings 506 and 508 denote roller bearings, by means of which the shaft 21 is preferably mounted.
  • the roller bearings 506 are preferably designed as ball bearings and the rolling bearings 508 are preferably designed as a tapered bearing or needle roller bearings.
  • Fig. 18 is the in Fig. 17 shown embodiment in an open configuration.
  • at least the comminution element 30, and preferably the entire interior of the device 290 is preferably accessible to a person for maintenance work.
  • the housing cover 420 is by means of an actuator 434 or by means of several actuators, in particular exactly two actuators 434, a hydraulic device (see. Fig. 21a / b ) move to the open position.
  • a transport device 386 is shown in a plan view, on which a shredding device 290 according to the invention is arranged.
  • the transport device 386 is preferably designed as a trailer that can be pulled by a motor vehicle.
  • the transport device 386 has a frame 388, on which the shredding device 290 is preferably arranged permanently.
  • the shredding device 290 is detachably coupled to the transport device 386.
  • On the frame 388 are preferably at least or exactly two wheels each Axis arranged.
  • the transport device 386 has exactly one axis, it being conceivable that it has several, in particular two or three, axes. Via the coupling point 392, the transport device 386 can be coupled to a motor vehicle or another trailer.
  • Fig. 19b is a side view of in Fig. 19a shown representation
  • the shredding device 290 may alternatively be arranged on a scaffold or a platform.
  • the shredding device 290 shown arrangement is advantageous because the discharge area 394, from which the crushed material is removed, is easily accessible due to the distance between the crusher 290 and the ground.
  • the drive means or motors characterized, via which the rotary ring body 344 (see. Fig. 15 ) is drivable.
  • the device 290 of the invention is shown in a closed configuration.
  • the housing cover 420 which preferably communicates with the supply funnel 1, abuts against the housing 3, in particular sealingly.
  • the housing cover 420 is preferably held by means of a closure device 430, which is particularly preferably designed as a hydraulic device, and preferably pressed against the housing 3.
  • the hydraulic device 430 preferably has a stator 432, which is particularly preferably arranged in the region of the housing 3 or on the housing 3.
  • the stator 430 is preferably coupled to an actuator 434 such that it is displaceable in the direction of extension of the axis of rotation of the comminution element 30.
  • such a hydraulic device 430 is arranged on both sides of the housing 3. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the said hydraulic devices are also arranged in the region of the upper and lower wall region of the housing 3. It is also conceivable that more than two, in particular three or four, hydraulic devices 430 are provided, in particular in the upper and lower housing region and in the lateral housing regions. In the case of a plurality of hydraulic devices 430, these are preferably actuatable at the same time, in particular via a control device.
  • the actuator 434 is preferably connected or coupled to the housing cover 420 via an actuator housing cover coupling point 436.
  • device 290 is shown in an open or opened configuration.
  • the open or open configuration is characterized in that the housing cover 420 is at least partially removed from the housing 3 or spaced. Such spacing may be as shown, ie, the housing cover 420 may be spaced from the housing 3 by a generally predetermined distance. However, it is also conceivable that the housing cover 420 on the one hand bears against the housing 3 and is pivoted about the contact point by means of the closure device or hydraulic device 430.
  • the feed hopper 1 and the comminution element 40 are preferably arranged on the housing cover 420.
  • the ore to be supplied is preferably through the housing cover 420 and through the crushing element 40 into the closed housing 3 (see. Fig. 21a ) can be filled
  • Fig. 21b to take a designated by the reference numeral 500 human.
  • the housing cover 420 with the devices arranged thereon, in particular the comminution element 40 is movable to a particular extent such that a human 500 is moved into the device 290 by the opening 502 resulting from the housing cover displacement can go into it or wait for some or all components in it.
  • maintenance work wear elements such as the ramp portion 31, the projections 35, the projections 45 of the two crushing elements 30, 40 (see. Fig. 8 ) be replaced.
  • the hydraulic device 432 may additionally or alternatively serve as a spring device for the variable storage of the comminution element 40.
  • the device according to the invention has process engineering advantages in the dry and / or wet process. In this context, the process independence of water is particularly important.
  • the device according to the invention works both dry and wet - an advantage which the process chain of crushers and mills has to distinguish on the basis of the function.
  • the Micro Impact mill also crushes slag or a mixture of slag and ore material, which overstrains the shredding technology of classic plants due to the hardness of the material.
  • this device can process rock and / or slag. Even bricks from blast furnaces do not bother her.
  • the device according to the invention can even replace the entire process chain of several crushers and ball mill.
  • Rock fragments preferably up to 80 cm, more preferably up to 50 cm and particularly preferably up to 40 cm are processed directly flotationsnic in one process step. This is faced with several crushing stages with crushers until then a ball mill does its job.
  • the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention make it possible to comminute and pulverize slag per se or together with ore material, since due to the small dimensioning of the comminuting space and the relatively small sized comminution elements with a corresponding rotation of high forces on the crushing ore material or act on the slag to be crushed and thereby effective pulverization takes place. Due to the rotation, which due to the dimensions 100 can have up to approximately 2000 revolutions per minute of a comminution element, also slag can be effectively pulverized, which is very brittle and has a hard structure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Dispositif (290), destiné à broyer du minerai et/ou des scories, lequel comprend un carter, un système d'alimentation du minerai (1), destiné à alimenter le minerai qui doit être broyé, et un premier système de pulvérisation (300) vers lequel le minerai à broyer est alimenté par le système d'alimentation du minerai (1), le premier système de pulvérisation (300) étant constitué d'au moins deux éléments de broyage (30, 40) mobiles l'un vers l'autre, lesquels forment ensemble au moins un espace de broyage pour le minerai à broyer, de telle sorte que par un déplacement relatif sous la forme d'une rotation autour d'un axe de rotation d'au moins l'un des deux éléments de broyage (30, 40), le minerai à broyer en soit au moins partiellement pulvérisé, en ce que sur au moins l'un des éléments de broyage (30, 40) sont prévus un ou plusieurs éléments d'accélération (35), notamment des saillies (35), lesquelles sont placées notamment sur la face frontale de l'un des deux éléments de broyage (30, 40) et lesquelles par la rotation de l'un des deux éléments de broyage (30, 40) accélèrent et broient le minerai à broyer,
    et entre les deux éléments de broyage (30, 40) et/ou dans au moins l'un des deux éléments de broyage (30, 40) étant prévu un espace intermédiaire (60), à travers lequel pendant la rotation, le minerai pulvérisé est transporté du centre de la rotation vers l'extérieur et évacué par les deux éléments de broyage (30, 40),
    et le dispositif comprenant un système de sortie (14) pour évacuer le minerai pulvérisé par le premier système de pulvérisation, lequel est relié avec l'espace intermédiaire (60), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comprend un deuxième système de pulvérisation,
    le système de sortie pouvant être relié avec un système séparateur (413) par lequel le minerai pulvérisé est divisible en deux fractions, une première fraction du minerai pulvérisé présentant une taille de particules qui est sensiblement supérieure à une taille de particules prédéfinie de la deuxième fraction du minerai pulvérisé,
    la première fraction du minerai pulvérisé pouvant être alimentée vers le premier système de pulvérisation ou vers le deuxième système de pulvérisation et la deuxième fraction du minerai pulvérisé pouvant être alimentée vers un système de flottation,
    le deuxième système de pulvérisation (301) comportant au moins un élément de rotation (344, 345, 380) qui est placé de telle sorte que son axe de rotation se trouve sensiblement à la parallèle et/ou en coïncidence avec l'axe de rotation de l'un des éléments de broyage (30, 40) du premier système de pulvérisation (300),
    le premier système de pulvérisation (300) et le deuxième système de pulvérisation (301) étant placés dans le même carter.
  2. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième système de pulvérisation (301) comporte un organe annulaire rotatoire (344) et au moins un organe rotatoire (345), destiné à introduire des forces de compression et/ou des forces de cisaillement dans le minerai.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième système de pulvérisation comporte deux organes rotatoires (345, 380), le premier organe rotatoire (345) et le deuxième organe rotatoire (380) étant conçus sous la forme de deux organes broyeurs (345, 380) en forme de tambours, orientés sensiblement à la parallèle l'un de l'autre et étant entourés dans la direction périphérique par l'organe annulaire rotatoire (344), de telle sorte qu'une rotation entraînée de l'organe annulaire rotatoire (344) provoque une rotation des organes rotatoires (345, 380) pour broyer du minerai qui se trouve entre l'organe annulaire rotatoire (344) et les organes rotatoires (345, 380).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'en partant de leur centre sensiblement axial, les surfaces extérieures (383) des organes broyeurs (345, 380) en forme de tambour sont conçues en se rétrécissant sous forme conique en direction de leurs extrémités axiales.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'organe annulaire rotatoire (344) est logé en rotation au moyen de deux arbres additionnels, notamment au moyen de trois arbres additionnels, au moins l'un desdits arbres additionnels, notamment deux arbres additionnels étant entraînés.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier système de pulvérisation peut être entraîné par un entraînement principal et le deuxième système de pulvérisation peut être entraîné par un entraînement additionnel, l'entraînement additionnel étant couplé avec au moins l'un des arbres additionnels et l'entraînement principal et l'entraînement additionnel étant placés sur un côté du carter, lequel est placé en regard du côté du carter sur lequel est placé le système d'alimentation du minerai.
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un système de commande pour commander simultanément les entraînements du premier système de pulvérisation et du deuxième système de pulvérisation.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le système de sortie (14) est un système de sortie commun du premier système de pulvérisation et du deuxième système de pulvérisation, par lequel le minerai pulvérisé est alimenté directement vers le système séparateur (413).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8 précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans la direction d'extension de l'axe de rotation d'un élément broyeur, le carter du dispositif peut se fermer par un couvercle de carter, le couvercle de carter étant déplaçable au moyen d'un système hydraulique dans la direction d'extension de l'axe de rotation, pour amener le carter d'une configuration ouverte dans une configuration close ou d'une configuration close dans une configuration ouverte, sur le couvercle de carter étant placé le système d'alimentation du minerai.
  10. Procédé, destiné à broyer du minerai et/ou notamment des scories, en utilisant un dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2.
EP14715322.5A 2013-04-05 2014-04-07 Appareil et procédé pour le broyage de minerai avec recirculation Active EP2981361B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102013005931.3A DE102013005931A1 (de) 2013-04-05 2013-04-05 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzzerkleinern mit Rückführung
PCT/EP2014/056904 WO2014162012A1 (fr) 2013-04-05 2014-04-07 Dispositif et procédé servant à broyer du minerai avec recyclage

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AU (1) AU2014247021B2 (fr)
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CL (1) CL2015002954A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013005931A1 (fr)
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DE102014014945A1 (de) * 2014-10-09 2016-04-14 Micro Impact Mill Limited Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzzerkleinern mit einer hydraulischen Federeinrichtung
CN107029827A (zh) * 2017-04-07 2017-08-11 朱保群 一种桄榔粉研磨机
CN107744862A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2018-03-02 绵阳市奇帆科技有限公司 一种无介质玻璃粉粉碎系统
CN108117320B (zh) * 2017-12-25 2019-09-13 广州市宏翰混凝土有限公司 一种建筑建设用混凝土的制备方法
CN109013022A (zh) * 2018-07-04 2018-12-18 合肥欧语自动化有限公司 一种自动化豆浆研磨机
CN110548567B (zh) * 2019-09-11 2021-05-11 马鞍山市新桥工业设计有限公司 一种矿浆二次处理使用的碎浆机及专用刮板
CN113333105B (zh) * 2021-05-20 2022-08-02 萍乡市华顺环保化工填料有限公司 一种氧化铝生产用研磨设备
CN115254364B (zh) * 2022-07-27 2023-05-05 黄淮学院 一种发酵中药饲料喂食用粉碎设备及其方法

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DE400229C (de) 1922-03-23 1924-08-02 Schumacher Sche Fabrik Verfahren zur stetigen Nassvermahlung in Kugelmuehlen
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DE3815217A1 (de) * 1988-05-04 1989-11-16 Pfeiffer Christian Maschf Verfahren zur zerkleinerung von sproedem mahlgut
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DE102009047818A1 (de) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-07 Gharagozlu, Parviz, Bucalemu Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von Erzmaterial
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CA2910741A1 (fr) 2014-10-09
ZA201507357B (en) 2017-03-29
US20160136653A1 (en) 2016-05-19
CN105408024A (zh) 2016-03-16
AU2014247021A1 (en) 2015-11-19
WO2014162012A1 (fr) 2014-10-09
AU2014247021B2 (en) 2018-06-28
DE102013005931A1 (de) 2014-10-09
US10556237B2 (en) 2020-02-11
EP2981361A1 (fr) 2016-02-10
CL2015002954A1 (es) 2016-06-24
CN105408024B (zh) 2018-02-02

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