EP2959492A2 - Changeur de prises en charge à éléments de commutation à semi-conducteurs et procédé pour faire fonctionner un changeur de prises en charge - Google Patents

Changeur de prises en charge à éléments de commutation à semi-conducteurs et procédé pour faire fonctionner un changeur de prises en charge

Info

Publication number
EP2959492A2
EP2959492A2 EP14701315.5A EP14701315A EP2959492A2 EP 2959492 A2 EP2959492 A2 EP 2959492A2 EP 14701315 A EP14701315 A EP 14701315A EP 2959492 A2 EP2959492 A2 EP 2959492A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
semiconductor switching
load
igbt
partial winding
changer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14701315.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2959492B1 (fr
Inventor
Andrey Gavrilov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP2959492A2 publication Critical patent/EP2959492A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2959492B1 publication Critical patent/EP2959492B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
    • G05F1/14—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices
    • G05F1/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • G05F1/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using tap transformers or tap changing inductors as final control devices combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an on-load tap-changer with semiconductor switching elements.
  • the on-load tap changer consists of several switching modules and is connected to a control winding.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating an on-load tap-changer.
  • a tap changer for voltage regulation with semiconductor switching units is known.
  • the tap changer has two parallel load branches, wherein in both load branches semiconductor switching units are connected in series.
  • a semiconductor switching unit of the first load branch and the second load branch are in pairs opposite.
  • a partial winding and a bridge are connected in parallel between the two load branches.
  • the partial windings have different numbers of turns.
  • the semiconductor switching units may be formed as thyristor or IGBT pairs. By skillfully interconnecting the semiconductor switching units, the windings can be switched on or off.
  • the transmission ratio of the transformer can be adjusted and the secondary-side voltage can thus be regulated.
  • the use of IGBT's it is also possible with the aid of a pulse-width modulation to realize an alternating switching on or off a winding part and thereby to implement a fine-step voltage control. Constant switching on and off of the semiconductor switching units causes switching losses, and the semiconductor switching units heat up, which places a high demand on the cooling device.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an on-load tap-changer for voltage regulation with semiconductor switching elements, which has lower switching losses, requires a smaller cooling device and is therefore inexpensive and safe.
  • the subclaims relate to advantageous developments of the invention.
  • the object of the invention is furthermore to provide a method for operating an on-load tap-changer with semiconductor switching elements, in which lower switching losses occur, heat generation is reduced and safety is increased.
  • This object is achieved by an inventive method for the operation of an on-load tap changer for voltage regulation according to claim 5.
  • the subclaims relate to advantageous developments of the method.
  • the on-load tap changer for voltage regulation has semiconductor switching elements and is arranged on a regulating transformer with regulating windings. This is arranged between a fixed, unregulated part of the control winding and a load derivation. Furthermore, the on-load tap changer has a first load branch and a second load branch arranged parallel thereto, wherein a partial winding is arranged between the load branches.
  • the first load branch has a first semiconductor switching element before the partial winding and a second semiconductor switching element after the partial winding.
  • the second load branch also has a first semiconductor switching element before the partial winding and a second semiconductor switching element after the partial winding.
  • the on-load tap-changer comprises at least one switching module, which comprises the first load branch and the second load branch.
  • each semiconductor switching element consists in each case of a first IGBT and a second IGBT which are interconnected antiserially to one another.
  • the IGBTs are each provided with an inverse diode such that an anode of an inverse diode having an emitter terminal and a cathode of the inverse diode are connected to a collector terminal of the first IGBT and the second IGBT.
  • the semiconductor switching elements of the first load branch and the second load branch are selectively switched off.
  • the on-load tap changer comprises a first switching module, a second switching module and a third switching module. They own the Partial windings of each switching module with each other a different turns ratio, for example, 9: 3: 1.
  • Another step according to the method of the invention relates to the definition of an active and a passive side of the switching module.
  • the semiconductor switching elements are actuated, while on the opposite side they are set in a predetermined switching state.
  • the switching states of the semiconductor switching elements of the switching module are determined.
  • the devices connected to the alternating current carrying inverse diodes of the respective active side IGBTs of the first semiconductor switching elements and second semiconductor switching elements are always off.
  • the two alternating current-carrying IGBT 's of the active side one is always conducting, namely that IGBT whose collector terminal is connected to a negative pole and emitter terminal to a positive pole of the partial winding.
  • the two alternating current-carrying IGBT 's of the active side one is clocked, namely the one whose collector terminal is connected to the positive pole and the emitter terminal to the negative pole of the partial winding.
  • On the passive side of a semiconductor switching element is always locked and the other semiconductor switching element always conductive.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a tap changer in conjunction with a
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the tap changer with semiconductor
  • Figure 3 is an illustration of the electronic structure of the semiconductor switching elements
  • Figure 4a -4d is an illustration of the various switching positions of the on-load tap-changer
  • FIG. 5 a representation of the semiconductor switching elements in a switching position
  • FIG. 6 shows a further illustration of a switching position of the semiconductor switching element
  • Figure 7 is a schematic representation of the interconnection of three switching modules.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an on-load tap-changer 1 for voltage regulation in a control transformer 2 and a control winding 3.
  • the on-load tap-changer 1 is arranged between the fixed, unregulated part of the control winding 3 and a load discharge line 4.
  • the on-load tap-changer 1 consists of at least one switching module 5.
  • the switching module 5 has a first load branch 6 and a second load branch 7 arranged parallel thereto.
  • the first and the second load branch 6, 7 of the switching module 5 is conductively connected to one another via a partial winding 8.
  • the first load branch 6 has a first semiconductor switching element 61 between the control winding 3 and the partial winding 8 and a second semiconductor switching element 62 after the partial winding 8, ie towards the discharge line 4, on.
  • the second load branch 7 likewise has a first semiconductor switching element 71 in front of the partial winding 8 and a second semiconductor switching element 72 after the partial winding 8.
  • each of the semiconductor switching elements 61, 62, 71 and 72 consists of a first insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) 11 and a second IGBT 12 which are connected in antiseries.
  • the first IGBT 1 1 and the second IGBT 12 are each provided with an inverse diode 14.
  • Each IGBT 1 1 and 12 has a collector terminal C, an emitter terminal E and a gate G.
  • Each of the inverse diodes 14 has its anode connected to the emitter terminal E and the cathode connected to the collector terminal C connected to the respective IGBT 11 or 12.
  • the turns of the partial winding 8 are subtracted from the fixed part of the control winding 3.
  • the current I flows independently of the direction through the first semiconductor switching element 61 in the first load branch 6, the partial winding 8 and the second semiconductor switching element 72 in the second load branch 7.
  • a nominal position 22 (FIGS. 4c and 4d)
  • the current I is directed past the partial winding 8 either via the first or the second load branch 6, 7.
  • the turns of the partial winding 8 have no influence on the control winding 3.
  • a passive and an active side of the switching module 5 must be set; this is the rule.
  • Each one side always includes the semiconductor switching elements 61 and 71 or 62 and 72, which lie on the same side before or after the partial winding 8.
  • first semiconductor switching element 61 of the first load branch 6 and the first semiconductor switching element 71 of the second load branch 7 are active and the second semiconductor switching element 62 of the first load branch 6 and the second semiconductor switching element 72 of the second load branch 7 are passive or vice versa.
  • 1 1 and 12 of semiconductor switching elements 61, 62, 71 and 72 have the IGBTs are switched differently.
  • the semiconductor Switching elements on the fixed, passive side are always kept as conducting during the process, with one semiconductor switching element being conductive and the other nonconducting.
  • the semiconductor switching elements are actively switched due to the pulse width modulation carried out, ie they assume different states. When switching between sales position 20 and additional position 21 both sides are active.
  • the second semiconductor switching element 72 of the second load branch 7 is always conductive.
  • the second semiconductor switching element 62 of the first load branch 6 is always nonconductive.
  • the current I thus flows either through the first IGBT 1 1 and the inverse diode 14, which is connected to the second IGBT 12 upper in the reverse direction by the second IGBT 12 and the inverse diode 14, which is connected to the first IGBT 11.
  • the first and second IGBTs 1 1 and 12 of the second semiconductor switching element 62 in the first load branch 6, however, are always blocking, so that there is no current I flows.
  • the first or the second IGBTs 1 1 or 12 of the first semiconductor switching elements 61 and 71 whose forward direction does not correspond to the current flow direction are blocked.
  • the other two IGBTs 1 1 or 12 of the first semiconductor switching elements 61 and 71 one is always conducting, namely the one whose collector terminal C is connected to a negative pole " - "And the emitter terminal E is connected to a positive pole" + "of the partial winding 8, possibly via other IGBT's or inverse diodes.
  • the fourth IGBT of the active side is clocked with a duty cycle corresponding to the intermediate stage to be achieved.
  • the collector terminal C of this IGBT thus lies at the positive pole "+" and at the emitter terminal E at the negative pole "-".
  • the orientation of the voltage U is such that on the upper side of the partial winding 8 the positive pole "+” and on the lower side the negative pole "-" rest.
  • the first IGBT 's 1 1 of the first semiconductor switching elements 61 and 71 Since the current I flowing from left to right, this will be the first IGBT 's 1 1 of the first semiconductor switching elements 61 and 71 and the inverse diodes 14, 12 of the first semiconductor switching elements are connected in parallel 61 and 71, the second IGBT, used , Considering the first IGBT 's 1 1 of the first semiconductor switching elements 61 and 71, is present at the collector terminal C of the first IGBT 1 1 of the first semiconductor switching element 71 in the second load branch 7, the positive terminal "+" of the part winding 8, and at the emitter terminal E, the negative pole "-" of the partial winding 8 at. This is thus clocked while the first IGBT 1 1 of the first semiconductor switching element 61 in the first load branch 6 is permanently conductive.
  • the second IGBT 12 of the first semiconductor switching element 71 in the second load branch 7 is turned on shortly before the current zero crossing, ie before the change of direction of the current I. After each change of voltage or current direction is always redefined which IGBT's conducting, which blocking and which are clocked. In this case, a change of the active and passive sides of the uniform distribution of losses serve and thus lead to an extension of the life of the components.
  • the direction of the current I and the orientation of the voltage U at the partial winding 8 change at the same time.
  • the orientation of the voltage U changes offset to the change in direction of the current I.
  • the switching module 5 of Figure 5 is shown.
  • the left side of the switching module 5 with the semiconductor switching elements 61 and 71 is still active as previously determined and the right side of the switching module 5 with the semiconductor switching elements 62 and 72 is passive.
  • the direction of the current I has changed, so that it flows from the right side to the left side of the switching module 5.
  • the orientation of the voltage U at the partial winding 8 has also been reversed.
  • At the upper end of the partial winding 8 are now the negative pole "-" and at the lower end of the partial winding 8 of the positive pole "+" on.
  • the current I is applied via the second semiconductor switching element 72 in the second load branch 7, in particular the second IGBT 12 of the second semiconductor switching element 72 and the inverse diode 14, which is connected to the first IGBT 11 of the second semiconductor chip.
  • Switching element 72 is connected in parallel, guided.
  • the second semiconductor switching element 62 in the first load branch is always non-conductive.
  • the current I can be switched only via the inverse diodes 14, which are connected in parallel to the first IGBTs 1 1 of the first and second semiconductor switching elements 61 and 71, and the second IGBTs 12 of the first and second semiconductor switching elements 61 and 71 are flowing.
  • the positive pole "+" is applied to the collector terminal C of the second IGBT 12 of the first semiconductor switching element 71 in the second load branch 7, so that the latter is clocked is, the second IGBT 12 of the first semiconductor switching element 61 in the first load branch 6 is thus connected permanently conducting.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an on-load tap-changer 1 in which a first switching module 51, a second switching module 52 and a third switching module 53 are connected in series.
  • the partial windings 8 of these switching modules 51, 52 and 53 have different Windungsön. Particularly advantageous is the distribution of Windungshunt 9: 3: 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un changeur de prises en charge (1) pour assurer la régulation de tension, qui comporte des éléments de commutation à semi-conducteurs (61. 62, 71, 72) ainsi qu'un procédé pour assurer la régulation de tension d'un transformateur de régulation (2). Ledit changeur de prises en charge (1) présente une première branche de charge (6) et une seconde branche de charge (7), montée parallèlement à la première. Un enroulement partiel (8) est disposé entre la première et la seconde branche de charge (6, 7). Dans la première branche de charge (6), un premier élément de commutation à semi-conducteurs (61) est prévu avant l'enroulement partiel (8) et un second élément de commutation à semi-conducteurs (62) est prévu après l'enroulement partiel (8). Dans la seconde branche de charge (7), un premier élément de commutation à semi-conducteurs (71) est prévu avant l'enroulement partiel (8) et un second élément de commutation à semi-conducteurs (72) est prévu après l'enroulement partiel (8). Le changeur de prises en charge (1) se compose d'au moins un module de commutation (5) qui comprend la première branche de charge (6) et la seconde branche de charge (7) du changeur de prises en charge.
EP14701315.5A 2013-02-20 2014-01-15 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un changeur de prises en charge avec des éléments de commutation à semi-conducteurs Not-in-force EP2959492B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013101652.9A DE102013101652A1 (de) 2013-02-20 2013-02-20 Laststufenschalter mit Halbleiter-Schaltelementen und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Laststufenschalters
PCT/EP2014/050697 WO2014127932A2 (fr) 2013-02-20 2014-01-15 Changeur de prises en charge à éléments de commutation à semi-conducteurs et procédé pour faire fonctionner un changeur de prises en charge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2959492A2 true EP2959492A2 (fr) 2015-12-30
EP2959492B1 EP2959492B1 (fr) 2017-12-27

Family

ID=50002696

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14701315.5A Not-in-force EP2959492B1 (fr) 2013-02-20 2014-01-15 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un changeur de prises en charge avec des éléments de commutation à semi-conducteurs

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US9588527B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2959492B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2016507907A (fr)
KR (1) KR20150119877A (fr)
CN (1) CN105009241B (fr)
BR (1) BR112015019248A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013101652A1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1214678A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2015135326A (fr)
WO (1) WO2014127932A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106252040A (zh) * 2016-08-18 2016-12-21 中国电力科学研究院 一种无弧有载自动调压配电变压器装置及其调压方法
EP3327911B1 (fr) * 2016-11-23 2020-10-21 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH Procédé de commande d'un module de commutation faisant appel à des éléments de commutation de thyristor
WO2019233585A1 (fr) 2018-06-07 2019-12-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour convertir une tension continue électrique en une tension alternative

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL278413A (fr) * 1961-05-15
JPS62184514A (ja) * 1986-02-10 1987-08-12 Toshiba Corp サイリスタ制御式電圧位相調整器
JPH0645320U (ja) * 1992-11-24 1994-06-14 株式会社明電舎 変圧器内蔵式電圧調整装置
EP0764296A4 (fr) * 1994-04-06 1998-06-17 Utility Systems Technologies I Commutateurs en charge
NL1000914C2 (nl) * 1995-08-01 1997-02-04 Geb Zuid Holland West Nv Werkwijze en inrichting voor continue instelling en regeling van een transformatoroverzetverhouding, alsmede transformator voorzien van een dergelijke inrichting.
US6087738A (en) * 1998-08-20 2000-07-11 Robicon Corporation Variable output three-phase transformer
JP2000125473A (ja) * 1998-10-19 2000-04-28 Toshiba Corp 電力調整装置及びその装置の制御方法
JP2000287447A (ja) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-13 Hitachi Ltd 電圧制御機能付き常時商用無停電電源装置
ATE308150T1 (de) * 2000-08-18 2005-11-15 John Vithayathil Schaltungsanordnung zur statischen erzeugung einer veränderbaren elektrischen leistung
JP3816487B2 (ja) * 2003-12-25 2006-08-30 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・データ・イー・エックス・テクノ 無停電電力供給機能を付加した交流電圧制御装置
US8203319B2 (en) * 2009-07-09 2012-06-19 General Electric Company Transformer on-load tap changer using MEMS technology
GB0916190D0 (en) * 2009-09-15 2009-10-28 Imp Innovations Ltd Method and apparatus for performing on-load mechanical switching operations
DE102009060132B3 (de) * 2009-12-23 2011-05-12 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter mit Polungsschalter an einem Regeltransformator
UA112302C2 (uk) * 2010-12-17 2016-08-25 Машіненфабрік Райнхаузен Гмбх Ступеневий перемикач
DE102011012080A1 (de) * 2011-02-23 2012-08-23 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9588527B2 (en) 2017-03-07
HK1214678A1 (zh) 2016-07-29
CN105009241A (zh) 2015-10-28
CN105009241B (zh) 2017-09-08
DE102013101652A1 (de) 2014-08-21
WO2014127932A3 (fr) 2015-06-18
US20150338861A1 (en) 2015-11-26
WO2014127932A2 (fr) 2014-08-28
BR112015019248A2 (pt) 2017-08-22
KR20150119877A (ko) 2015-10-26
RU2015135326A (ru) 2017-03-27
JP2016507907A (ja) 2016-03-10
EP2959492B1 (fr) 2017-12-27

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