EP2956280B1 - Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines verbindungs - Google Patents

Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines verbindungs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2956280B1
EP2956280B1 EP14751348.5A EP14751348A EP2956280B1 EP 2956280 B1 EP2956280 B1 EP 2956280B1 EP 14751348 A EP14751348 A EP 14751348A EP 2956280 B1 EP2956280 B1 EP 2956280B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plane
wood
joint
longitudinal direction
notches
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP14751348.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2956280A1 (de
EP2956280A4 (de
Inventor
Philipp SAUER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stora Enso Oyj
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Stora Enso Oyj
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Publication of EP2956280A1 publication Critical patent/EP2956280A1/de
Publication of EP2956280A4 publication Critical patent/EP2956280A4/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27F—DOVETAILED WORK; TENONS; SLOTTING MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES
    • B27F1/00—Dovetailed work; Tenons; Making tongues or grooves; Groove- and- tongue jointed work; Finger- joints
    • B27F1/16—Making finger joints, i.e. joints having tapers in the opposite direction to those of dovetail joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
    • B27M3/002—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected at their ends

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a method for forming joint, according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a method is known from the document US 2007/0125448 A1 .
  • the joint described herein finds particular application for the joining of wood or wood based materials, including laminated wood and wood based materials, such as glulam-type materials.
  • finger joints One concept for such joining is known as "finger joints" and is disclosed in e.g. US33888020A and US3262723A .
  • wood pieces which are to be joined by a finger joint present a principal direction which is approximately parallel with a grain direction of the wood and a substantially rectangular cross section.
  • Each wood piece thus presents a first pair of parallel and opposing side surfaces and a second pair of parallel and opposing side surfaces.
  • the side surfaces are substantially parallel with the principal direction.
  • the first and second pairs of surfaces are mutually orthogonal relative to each other.
  • Each wood piece also presents an end surface, which is parallel with the cross section and orthogonal to both pairs of side surfaces.
  • a traditional finger joint is recognized as a comb- or saw tooth-like pattern of alternating protrusions and notches on one of the side surfaces, termed the first side surface. This pattern extends throughout the wood piece orthogonally from the side surface. When seen from the adjacent side surface, i.e. one of the second side surfaces, the finger joint will generally be perceived as a straight joint which extends orthogonally through the wood piece.
  • Conventional finger joints have their protrusions and notches extending parallel with each other and transversely at right angles to two parallel side walls in the timber or plank.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide an improved joint for wood and wood based materials.
  • a method of making a joint comprising first and second members formed of wood or wood based material, the members being joined in an end-to-end relationship along a longitudinal direction by means of a finger joint.
  • An end portion of the first member presents a plurality of parallel straight finger-like projections, which enter and engage a plurality of complementary parallel straight notches provided between projections on the second member.
  • a longitudinal direction may be a direction of major extension of the members.
  • the longitudinal direction may be parallel with the side surfaces of the members.
  • a "wood based material” should be understood as a material comprising wood fibers. Such materials may have anisotropic strength properties, as would be the case where the material exhibits a principal fiber direction, which is substantially parallel with the longitudinal direction.
  • the effective contact surface between the grooves and notches may be increased, which provides a stronger finger joint.
  • the disclosure is applicable both in end-to-end joining of wood and glulam materials in order to provide beams, planks or poles which are longer than the individual material pieces forming the beam or pole.
  • the disclosure is also applicable when joining together ends of one material piece, from which a section has been cut away, as would be the case when removing for example a portion having a defect, such as a knot or crack or other weak point.
  • a wood piece, timber piece boards, pole, beam or plank may be provided presenting a joint system as described herein.
  • the disclosure finds particular application in the joining of wood and wood based materials into elongate structures, such as beams, poles, planks, strips or moldings, which have a major direction that extends along the longitudinal direction.
  • the plane(s) will extend at an angle other than a right angle to at least one side face of the members, or to a pair of opposing side faces.
  • the plane(s) may extend at right angle to one side face, or to a pair of opposing side faces.
  • the plane may extend at an angle of 80° or less, 70° or less, 60° or less, 50°, 45° or less, 40° or less, or 30° or less, to the longitudinal direction.
  • the plane(s) may extend at an angle of 10° or more, 20° or more, 30° or more or 40° or more, to the longitudinal direction.
  • the members may have a major fiber direction which substantially coincides with the longitudinal direction.
  • the projections may be tapered in cross section as seen from the member and outwardly along the longitudinal direction.
  • a glue or adhesive may be applied to the surfaces of at least parts of the projections and/or notches.
  • At least one of the members may be formed of solid wood.
  • At least one of the members may be formed of at least two laminated material pieces with a lamination plane extending parallel to the longitudinal direction.
  • the members may present four major side faces, all of which being substantially parallel with the longitudinal direction.
  • the disclosure may be embodied in an elongate member of wood or wood based material comprising at least one joint system as described above.
  • a wood or wood based member may be a beam, pole, planks, strip or molding.
  • the elongate member may be of solid wood or laminated wood, such as glulam, where a lamination plane may be substantially parallel with the longitudinal direction.
  • the method comprises providing a first member formed of wood or wood based material and forming a plurality of parallel, straight notches, which run across an end portion of the first member, whereby a plurality of parallel straight finger-like projections are formed.
  • the method further comprises forming the notches such that a plane comprising substantially the entire length of each protrusion tip, or a plane comprising substantially the entire length of each notch bottom, extends at an angle other than a right angle to the longitudinal direction.
  • the method further comprises providing the first member by arranging first and second laminated material pieces such that the second material piece extends further than the first material piece by a length substantially corresponding to T / tan(a), where T is the thickness of the second material piece, and subsequently cutting the first laminated material piece at a plane which substantially tangents an end part of the first laminated material piece at a line directly adjacent the second laminated piece, such that only triangular portions are cut away.
  • the loss of material can be reduced when joining ends of so-called glulam materials.
  • the method further comprises providing a second member formed of wood or wood based material, forming a plurality of parallel, straight notches, which run across an end portion of the second member, whereby a plurality of parallel straight finger-like projections are formed, and joining the first and second members by causing the projections of the first member to enter and engage the notches of the second member and vice versa.
  • the notches of the second member may be formed such that a plane comprising substantially the entire length of each protrusion tip, or a plane comprising substantially the entire length of each notch bottom, extends at an angle other than a right angle to the longitudinal direction.
  • the method further comprises forming an end plane at the end portion of the first and/or second member, at an angle other than a right angle to the longitudinal direction and subsequently forming the notches in the end plane.
  • Such forming may include a cutting operation performed during a movement of the cutter in a direction parallel with the end plane.
  • the end plane is formed prior to the forming of the notches.
  • Figures 1, 2 and 7a-7d show embodiments which do not fall within the scope of claim 1, but which are referred to for illustration of the operation and production of the claimed invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic three dimensional view of a pair of joined-together pieces of material 1, 2.
  • Fig. 1 also illustrates the coordinate system which will be used in the description below.
  • the pieces of material 1, 2 have been joined by a so-called finger joint 3.
  • the pieces of material 1, 2 present a respective major side surface 11a, 11b; 21a, 21b and a respective minor side surface 12a, 12b; 22a, 22b.
  • the pieces of material, 1, 2 are joined to form a common member which extends along a longitudinal direction L.
  • the pieces of material may have a substantially rectangular or square cross section, optionally with rounded corners.
  • Other cross sections are possible, such as circular, elliptic, prismatic, polygonal, etc. the cross section may be substantially constant along the longitudinal direction L.
  • the joint 3 presents a joint angle a, which is less than 90° relative to the major side surface 11a, 21a.
  • an end portion of the first member 1 presents a plurality of alternating arranged finger-like projections 31 and notches 32.
  • the projections 31 present a respective side surface 311, 313 and a tip surface 312. At the bottom of each notch 32, there is a notch bottom surface 321.
  • the projections 31 form parallel ridges between which parallel notches are formed.
  • the projections 31 may be formed such that all projections extend substantially equally far in the longitudinal direction L, such that the tips or tip surfaces 312 define a common tip plane Pt.
  • the notches 32 may be substantially equally deep in the longitudinal direction L, such that the notch bottom surfaces 321 also define a common notch plane Pn.
  • the tip plane Pt and the notch plane Pn are substantially parallel and extend at a joint angle a, relative to the major surface 11a, 21a (and the longitudinal direction L), which is less than 90°. Moreover the planes Pt, Pn are substantially orthogonal to the minor side surface 12a, 22a.
  • the joint angle a may be 80° or less, 70° or less, 60° or less, 50°, 45° or less, 40° or less, or 30° or less to the major surface 11a, 21a. Moreover, the joint angle a may be 10° or more, 20° or more, 30° or more or 40° or more to the major surface 11a, 21a.
  • the joint angle a may be on the order of 20°-40°, 40°-50° or 50°-70°.
  • the protrusions 31 are further designed, as is conventional, with respect to notch depth Dn, tip width Wt, notch bottom width Wn and side angle b.
  • Fig. 4 schematically illustrates the joining together of a first 1 and a second 2 member along the longitudinal direction L.
  • a glue may be provided on the side surfaces 311, 313 of the ridges and notches and optionally also on the tip and bottom surfaces 312, 321.
  • the members may be forced towards each other while the glue is activated.
  • Activation of the glue may be achieved by e.g. radiation, heating or vibrations.
  • Fig. 5 schematically illustrates the joining of a pair laminated members 1', 2'.
  • material pieces 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d to be laminated have their major surfaces being laminated to each other.
  • the finger joint 3 is provided such that, according to the invention, the joint angle a extends at an angle a other than a right angle to the major surfaces of the material pieces 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d and at a right angle to the minor surfaces of the material pieces 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d.
  • a joint 3 as disclosed herein may be produced according to the following.
  • a pair of members 1, 2 to be joined are provided.
  • the members 1, 2 may be in the form of relatively short pieces of material, e.g. on the order of 0.5-2 m in length or relatively long pieces of material, e.g. on the order of 2-5 m in length.
  • each member 1, 2 is then cut away, such that end planes 30 are provided, presenting an angle a corresponding to the joint angle of the finger joint that is to be produced.
  • notches 32 are then formed in the end surfaces 30.
  • the notches may be formed by a cutting operation using a multi-tipped cutter tool (not shown), which is caused to move along the end plane, i.e. linearly along a path which makes the angle a relative to the longitudinal direction L.
  • glue may be applied to all or parts of the side surfaces of the protrusions 31 and notches 32.
  • the members 1, 2 are brought together along the longitudinal direction L and are optionally forced towards each other during at least part of the time it takes for the glue to cure.
  • Fig. 8 schematically illustrates a method which may be used in the joining of laminated members.
  • each laminated member may be formed of a plurality of material pieces 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d.
  • the material pieces are arranged, according to the invention, such that a second material piece 13b extends further along the longitudinal direction than a first material piece 13a by a length E corresponding to about T/tan(a), where T is a thickness of the second material piece 13b. If the laminated member comprises further material 13c, 13d pieces, each subsequent material piece may thus be arranged to protrude beyond the previous one in a similar manner as the second material piece 13b.
  • the finger joint 3 may then be formed as described with respect to Figs 7c-7d .
  • the effective glue surface may be increased as compared to the prior art finger joints having an orthogonal joint angle. Hence, the amount of glue used will increase.
  • the left bar represents a prior art 90° joint plane.
  • the middle bar represents a 60° joint plane which provided a 13 % increase in bending strength at a 15 % increase in adhesive cost.
  • the right bar represents a 45° joint plane which provided a 49 % increase in bending strength at a 41 % increase in adhesive cost.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Verbindung, umfassend:
    Bereitstellen eines ersten Elements (1), das aus Holz oder einem Holzwerkstoff gebildet wird;
    Bereitstellen eines zweiten Elements (2), das aus Holz oder einem Holzwerkstoff gebildet wird;
    wobei das erste und das zweite Element Seitenflächen aufweisen, die parallel zu einer Längsrichtung der Elemente verlaufen;
    Bilden einer Fingerverbindung (3), umfassend:
    Bilden einer Vielzahl von parallelen, geraden Kerben (32), die über einen Endabschnitt des ersten Elements (1) verlaufen, wodurch eine Vielzahl von parallelen, geraden, fingerartigen Vorsprüngen (31) gebildet wird,
    Bilden einer Vielzahl von parallelen, geraden Kerben, die über einen Endabschnitt des zweiten Elements verlaufen, wodurch eine Vielzahl von parallelen, geraden, fingerartigen Vorsprüngen gebildet wird, und
    Durchgehendes Verbinden des ersten und zweiten Elements entlang der Längsrichtung mittels der Fingerverbindung (3);
    wobei die Kerben so ausgebildet sind, dass eine Ebene, die im Wesentlichen die gesamte Länge jeder Fingerspitze umfasst, und/oder eine Ebene, die im Wesentlichen die gesamte Länge jedes Kerbenbodens umfasst, sich in einem anderen Winkel (a) als einem rechten Winkel zur Längsrichtung (L) erstreckt,
    gekennzeichnet durch
    Bereitstellen des ersten Elements durch Anordnen eines ersten und eines zweiten laminierten Materialstücks (13a, 13b), sodass sich das zweite Materialstück (13b) ferner als das erste Materialstück (13a) um eine Länge (E) erstreckt, die im Wesentlichen T / tan(a) entspricht, wobei T die Dicke des zweiten Materialstücks (13b) ist, und
    anschließendes Schneiden des ersten Elements entlang einer Schnittebene (Pc), die im Wesentlichen einen Endteil des ersten laminierten Materialstücks (13a) an einer direkt an das zweite laminierte Materialstück (13b) angrenzenden Linie berührt, sodass nur dreieckige Abschnitte (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) abgeschnitten werden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, umfassend:
    Bilden einer Endebene an dem Endabschnitt des ersten und/oder des zweiten Elements in einem anderen Winkel als einem rechten Winkel zu mindestens einer Seitenfläche des Elements und anschließendes Bilden der Kerben in der Endebene.
EP14751348.5A 2013-02-13 2014-02-12 Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines verbindungs Active EP2956280B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1300113A SE538233C2 (sv) 2013-02-13 2013-02-13 Skarvsystem och förfarande för att åstadkomma ett skarvsystem
PCT/IB2014/000144 WO2014125358A1 (en) 2013-02-13 2014-02-12 Joint system and method for providing a joint system

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2956280A1 EP2956280A1 (de) 2015-12-23
EP2956280A4 EP2956280A4 (de) 2016-12-28
EP2956280B1 true EP2956280B1 (de) 2021-04-07

Family

ID=51353534

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14751348.5A Active EP2956280B1 (de) 2013-02-13 2014-02-12 Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines verbindungs

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2956280B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2014217545B2 (de)
SE (1) SE538233C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2014125358A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2574356B1 (es) * 2014-12-16 2017-05-05 Manuel PÉREZ ROMERO Unión estructural dentada a testero para tablas planas, y método de contrucción

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB124592A (en) * 1918-04-02 1919-04-02 William Nassau Walters Improvements in Joints for Wood.
US3262723A (en) 1961-05-29 1966-07-26 Univ Washington Finger jointing of lumber
US3388020A (en) 1966-06-10 1968-06-11 Koppers Co Inc Method and apparatus for finger-joining lumber
GB8817632D0 (en) * 1988-07-23 1988-09-01 Hunting Eng Ltd Quick release joint
JP3960658B2 (ja) * 1997-06-27 2007-08-15 株式会社太平製作所 スロープトフィンガージョイント材の製作装置
US20070125448A1 (en) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-07 Abbott Richard T Assembly and method for providing an interlocking angular end joint
US20080277026A1 (en) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Gary Sill Joint for connecting wood members
EP2760650A1 (de) * 2011-09-27 2014-08-06 3B Structure SPRL Keilverzahnte verbindung zum zusammensetzen von bauteilen aus fasermaterialien
SK6558Y1 (sk) * 2013-01-29 2013-10-02 Jozef Rybarik Finger joint

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE1300113A1 (sv) 2014-08-14
EP2956280A1 (de) 2015-12-23
AU2014217545A1 (en) 2015-08-06
AU2014217545B2 (en) 2018-04-26
EP2956280A4 (de) 2016-12-28
SE538233C2 (sv) 2016-04-12
WO2014125358A1 (en) 2014-08-21

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