EP2951846A1 - Élément de condensateur en film métallisé comprenant des films thermoconducteurs et film thermoconducteur pour composant à énergie électrique - Google Patents

Élément de condensateur en film métallisé comprenant des films thermoconducteurs et film thermoconducteur pour composant à énergie électrique

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Publication number
EP2951846A1
EP2951846A1 EP13702632.4A EP13702632A EP2951846A1 EP 2951846 A1 EP2951846 A1 EP 2951846A1 EP 13702632 A EP13702632 A EP 13702632A EP 2951846 A1 EP2951846 A1 EP 2951846A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
thermally conductive
capacitor element
thermally
sub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13702632.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2951846B1 (fr
Inventor
Linnea Petersson
Christoph Schlegel
Sari Laihonen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Publication of EP2951846A1 publication Critical patent/EP2951846A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2951846B1 publication Critical patent/EP2951846B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
    • H01G2/08—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Ventilating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/005—Electrodes
    • H01G4/012—Form of non-self-supporting electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/018—Dielectrics
    • H01G4/06—Solid dielectrics
    • H01G4/08—Inorganic dielectrics
    • H01G4/10—Metal-oxide dielectrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/224—Housing; Encapsulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/228—Terminals
    • H01G4/236—Terminals leading through the housing, i.e. lead-through
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/32—Wound capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a metallized film capacitor element including a metal coated dielectric film wound in a plurality of turns.
  • the present invention relates in particular to dry power capacitors.
  • the invention further relates to a thermally conducting film for electrical power components.
  • a capacitor may include one or more capacitor elements connected in series or in parallel.
  • high voltage capacitor elements mostly use a film-foil technology, where a metal foil, e.g. aluminum, is wound alternating with a dielectric film, e.g. polypropylene film, into a cylindrical roll, which is then impregnated with an impregnation fluid.
  • the conductor Due to the fact that the conductor is made of metal foil, heat is effectively removed from the center of a capacitor element. Due to the metal foil in combination with the impregnation fluid, which has the ability to circulate inside the housing, a n efficient removal of dissipated energy from the capacitor is created and hotspots inside the capacitor element are reduced. However, there is a demand due to safety, energy density, and environmental reasons to design capacitors with a "dry" technology, which means without the immersion of the capacitor in an impregnation fluid. I n a dry metallized film capacitor, the conductor is made by evaporating a thin metal layer on a dielectric film to form a metallized film.
  • the metallized film is wound in a plurality of turns into a cylindrical roll, which is em bedded in an encapsulation made by a solid material, such as epoxy, polyurethane or silicone gel to form a capacitor unit.
  • a solid material such as epoxy, polyurethane or silicone gel
  • the thin metal layer of the metallized film is unable to effectively transport the heat out from the center of the capacitor element.
  • the solid encapsulation does not effectively transport the heat away from the capacitor.
  • removing of dissipated energy becomes a problem, especially in high voltage AC applications.
  • US8159812 discloses a power capacitor including at least one capacitor element, wherein the capacitor element includes a plurality of series-connected cylindrical sub- elements, where each sub-element is formed by at least two strips of a dielectrical material wound in a plurality of turns, wherein a layer of electrically conducting material is disposed between the turns of the winding, and wherein the sub-elements are disposed concentrically around each other, one externally of the other.
  • the sub- elements may also include tightly wound strips of metal-coated polymer film. Insula- tion is provided between the sub-elements.
  • One object of the present invention is to improve the removal of dissipated energy in metallized film capacitor elements and by that reduce hotspots in the capacitor ele- ments and allow the elements to be operated under higher electric field.
  • the metallized film capacitor element comprises at least two concentrically arranged cylindrical sub-elements, each sub-element including at least one metal coated dielectric film wound in a plurality of turns.
  • the capacitor element further comprises a thermally conductive section provided between the sub-elements.
  • the thermally conductive section comprises a thermally conductive sheet wound at least one turn and having a higher thermal conductivity than the metal coated dielectric film of the sub-elements.
  • the thermally conductive section provided between the sub-elements incorporates a high thermally conductive material inside the capacitor element, and thereby increases the thermal conductivity of the capacitor element and guides heat out from the center of the capacitor element to the ends faces of the capacitor element.
  • the use of a high thermally conductive material within the capacitor element removes heat from the spot where it is dissipated.
  • the present invention achieves an efficiently removal of dissipated energy in the capacitor element, thereby reducing hotspots inside the capacitor element, which results in increased field, higher allowed ambient temperature, higher current ratings, and larger volume/surface ratio.
  • a benefit achieved is an increase of power and energy densities for dry capacitor designs.
  • the power and energy density is crucial for space limited applications.
  • the main benefit is in high voltage DC or AC applications.
  • the invention can be useful in low as well as medium voltage applications.
  • An advantage with this solution is that it is possible to use the same winding appa- ratus for winding the thermally conductive sheet and for winding metalized film of the sub-elements.
  • the currently used winding machines can be used for manufacturing the capacitor element according to the invention.
  • the manufacturing of the capacitor element according to the invention is easy and does not require any additional equipment.
  • the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive section should preferably be larger than 0.25 W/mK, and more preferably larger than 0.3 W/mK.
  • the thermally conductive sheet has a thickness between 0.5 and ⁇ , preferably between 1 and ⁇ , and most preferably between 3 and 50 ⁇ . This embodiment ensures that it is possible to wind the thermally conductive sheet. A thinner sheet is more flexible and accordingly easier to wind.
  • the thermally conductive sheet is wound a plurality of turns.
  • the number of turns affects the thermal conductivity of the capacitor element. A large number of turns increases the thermal conductivity of the capacitor element. However, a large number of turns also increases the size and cost of the capacitor. The number of turns needed depends on the amount of energy to be removed, which depends on the type of capacitor and its application, and also on the thermal conductivity of the sheet. If the thermal conductivity of the sheet is high, a few turns are sufficient to remove the dissipated energy.
  • the thermally conductive sheet is suitably wound between 1 and 100 turns, preferably between 2 and 50 turns, and most preferably between 2 and 20 turns. A reasonable number of turns of the thin sheet do not have a major impact on design and cost of the capacitor element.
  • the capacitor element comprises a plurality of concentrically arranged cylindrical sub-elements and a plurality of thermally conductive sections arranged between the sub-elements at different radial distances from the center of the capacitor element.
  • the number of turns of the thermally conductive sheet in each section is between 1 and 20. This is possible to produce with current state-of-the-art winding machines.
  • the thermally conductive section is cylindrical and the height of the section is equal or larger than the height of the sub- elements.
  • the height of thermally conductive section should preferably be equal or larger than the height of the sub-elements.
  • the thermally conductive sheet is a metal foil, for example, aluminum or copper.
  • Thermally conductive section is electrically insulated from the metal coated dielectric film in the surrounding sub-elements.
  • suitable metal foils There exist suitable metal foils on the market. A metal foil has a high thermal conductivity and is affordable. Using a metal foil, the thermally conductive section becomes electrically conductive. To make this embodiment work, the thermally conductive section thermally conductive section needs to be insulated from the surrounding metalized films, which can be done by adding a pure insulating film, like propylene.
  • the thermally conductive sheet is a thermally conducting film including an electrically insulating film provided with a layer of thermally conductive and electrically insulating particles disposed on at least one side of the film.
  • the particles should have a thermal conductivity larger than 0.25 W/mK. Due to the fact that the film and the particles are made of electrical- ly insulating material, the thermally conductive sections becomes electrically insulating. Thus, it is not necessary to insulate the thermally conductive sections from the sub-elements, which facilitates the manufacturing of the capacitor element and accordingly reduces costs.
  • the thermally conductive particles are placed on top of an electrically insulating film, instead of being blended with a polymer.
  • the thermally conducting film has a thickness between 1 and 50 ⁇ , and more preferably between 3 and ⁇ . A film with such thickness is possible to wind. A thinner film is more flexible and accordingly easier to wind.
  • the thermally conductive particles are made of a ceramic material, such as barium titanate (BaTi03) and boron nitride (BN).
  • barium titanate (BaTi03) and boron nitride (BN) boron nitride
  • inorganic metal oxide particles should be used, such as aluminum oxide (AI203) and titanium dioxide (Ti02). Metal oxides are electrically insulating materials having high thermal conductivity and are well suitable in this application.
  • the layer of thermally conductive particles is disposed on the electrically insulating film in a thermally conducting pattern, thereby providing an electrically insulating film with high thermally conductive patterns.
  • a thermally conducting pattern is meant a pattern which is designed to con- duct heat in at least one direction relative the film. This embodiment makes it possible to provide an uneven thermal conductivity of the thermally conducting film.
  • the thermally conducting pattern can be designed to conduct heat in a certain desired direction relative the insulating film, for example, to conduct heat from one short side to the opposite short side of the film.
  • the thermally conductive particles are disposed on the film in a pattern extending in a longitudinal direction of the cylindrical capacitor element.
  • the pattern comprises a plurality of strings extending in a direction cross a longitudinal axis of the insulating film, and by that extending in a longitudinal direction of the cylindrical capacitor element.
  • the thickness of the layer of thermally conductive particles d is between 10 and 300nm, preferably between 10 - lOOnm, and most preferably between 10 - 50nm.
  • Another object of the present invention is to improve the thermal conductivity of electrical power components, such as, capacitors, bushings, and instrument trans- formers.
  • the thermally conducting film comprises an electrically insulating film and a layer of thermally conductive and electrically insulating particles disposed on at least one side of the film.
  • the particles can be any thermally conductive and electrically insulating particles.
  • the particles Preferably, the particles have a thermal conductivity larger than 0.25 W/mK.
  • the layer can be disposed to cover the whole side of the insulating film or to cover only a part or parts of the film.
  • thermally conducting film according to the invention is that it is not electrically conducting, and thus can be used in contact with electrically conducting parts of the power components without any need of electrical insulation to avoid short circuit. Thus, it is not necessary to insulate the thermally conductive film from the conducting parts of the power components, which facilitates the manufacturing of the capacitor element and accordingly reduces costs.
  • the thermally conducting film is flexible, and accordingly it is possible to wound it inside the component together with other wound parts of the component.
  • the thermally conductive particles are placed on top of an electrically insulating the film, instead of being blended with a polymer. It is difficult to disperse nano or micro particles good enough inside, for example polypropylene, to produce good quality films thin enough to make it flexible enough to wind. This invention makes it possible to provide thin films with good thermal conductivity.
  • the thermally conducting film can, for example, be used to improve the thermal conductivity of dry power components including a wound metallized dielectric film, and to improve the thermal conductivity of segments of electrical insulation material in electrical power components.
  • the electrical insulation material is, for example, wound paper or wound dielectric film.
  • the thermally conducting film is wound to form one or more thermally conductive sections provided between sub-elements of wound elements, such as insulation material and metallized polymer film, of the power component.
  • the thermally conducting film has a thickness between 1 and 50 ⁇ , and preferably between 3 and ⁇ .
  • a film with such thickness is possible to wind.
  • a thinner film is more flexible and accordingly easier to wind.
  • the thermally conductive particles are made of a ceramic material, such as barium titanate (BaTi03) or boron nitride (BN).
  • inorganic metal oxide particles should be used, such as aluminum oxide (AI203) or titanium dioxide (Ti02).
  • Metal oxides are electrically insulating materials having high thermal conductivity and are well suitable in this application.
  • the layer of thermally conductive particles is disposed on the electrically insulating film in a thermally conductive pattern, thereby providing an electrically insulating film with high thermally conductive patterns.
  • a thermally conducting pattern is meant a pattern designed to conduct heat in at least one direction relative the film.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to provide an uneven thermal conductivity of the thermally conducting film.
  • a thermally conducting film according to this embodiment is suitable to be used in components where it is a desire to conduct the heat in a certain direction.
  • the thermally conducting pattern is designed to transport heat in a direction cross a longitudinal axis of the film.
  • the layer of thermally conductive particles can be disposed on the film in a pattern including strings extending cross the longitudinal direction of the film.
  • the thermally conducting film has a higher thermal conductivity in a direction cross the longitudinal direction of the film, than in the longitudinal direction of the film.
  • a thermally conducting film according to this embodiment is suitable to be used in components where it is a desire to conduct the heat in a direction cross the longitu- dinal direction of the film, such as, a capacitor element. This embodiment makes it possible to reduce the amount of high thermal material on the film, and still achieve sufficient removal of the dissipated energy.
  • the thickness of the said layer of ther- mally conductive particles is between 10 and 300nm, preferably between 10 - lOOnm, and most preferably between 10 - 50nm.
  • the thermally conducting film can be used for improving the thermal conductivity of power components including segments of wound electrical insulation material, when the thermally conducting film is provided inside the segments of wound electrical insulation material.
  • the thermally conducting film can be used for improving the thermal conductivity of dry power components including segments of a wound metallized dielectric film, when the thermally conducting film is provided inside the segments of wound metallized polymer material.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a metallized capacitor element according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section A-A through the capacitor element shown in figure 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section B-B through the capacitor element shown in figure 1 and 2.
  • Fig. 4a shows an enlarged view of a region of the capacitor element shown in figure 2 including a first example of a thermally conductive section provided between two sub-elements of the capacitor element.
  • Fig. 4b shows an enlarged view of a region of the capacitor element shown in figure 2 including a second example of a thermally conductive section provided between two sub-elements of the capacitor element.
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross section through a capacitor element according to a second em- bodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 6a-b show examples of thermally conducting films provided with different patterns of thermally conductive particles. Detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention
  • a capacitor may include one or more capacitor elements connected in series or in parallel.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a capacitor element 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section A-A through the capacitor element 1 and figure 3 shows a cross section B-B through the capacitor element.
  • the capacitor element is cylindrical and comprises a winding core 2 and a plurality of cylindrical sub-elements 3a-b concentrically arranged with the winding core.
  • the winding core 2 is, for example, a stiff polymer rod. However, cardboard, metal and ceramic winding cores can also be used.
  • the capacitor element 1 includes two concentrically arranged cylindrical sub-elements 3a, 3b.
  • Each sub- element 3a-b includes a metallized film, in the form of a metal coated dielectric film wound in a plurality of turns.
  • the metallized film is tightly wound to remove air.
  • the dielectric film is preferably a polymer film, for example, made of polypropylene or polyester.
  • the metal coating is, for example, made of aluminum, zinc, silver or combinations thereof.
  • the metallization of the metallized film is done by means of evapo- ration.
  • the metallized film may have patterns.
  • the metallized film of the innermost sub-element 3a is attached to the core 2, for example, by means of welding, and wound around the core.
  • the sub-elements are connected in series or in parallel.
  • the capacitor element further comprises an insula- tion section 5 of electrical insulating film made of pure polymer film, such as polypropylene or polyester, wound 1- 300 turns.
  • the capacitor element is then imbedded in an electrical insulating material forming an encapsulation surrounding the sub- elements 3a-b.
  • the capacitor element includes an upper and a lower electrode 6a-b deposited on each end, which contacts the film of the sub-elements.
  • the sub-element may include two types of metal coated polymer films.
  • the capacitor element 1 further comprises a thermally conductive section 4 provided between the sub-elements 3a-b.
  • the thermally conductive section 4 includes a sheet wound one or more turns and including a thermally conducting material having a higher thermal conductivity than the metal coated polymer film of the sub-elements.
  • the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive section is larger than 0.25 W/mK, and more preferably larger than 0.3 W/mK.
  • the thermally conductive sheet has a thickness between 0.5 and ⁇ , preferably between 1 and ⁇ , and most preferably between 3 and 50 ⁇ , to make it possible to wind. The thickness needed depends on the material of the sheet.
  • the thermally conductive section can be arranged as a separate ring, or alongside the metallized film.
  • the thermally conductive section Without the thermally conductive section, the low thermal conductivity of the metallized polymer film of the sub-elements leads to significantly higher temperature in the center of the element than at the side faces. Elevated temperatures in metallized film capacitor elements lead to premature ageing. This temperature gradient towards higher temperature in the center of the capacitor element can be reduced by introducing the thermally conductive section.
  • the thermally conductive sheet of the thermally conductive section is wound around the innermost sub-element 3a.
  • the metalized film of outermost sub-element 3b is wound around the thermally conductive section 4.
  • the thermally conductive section may include a number of turns of the thermally conductive sheet.
  • the thermally conductive sheet can be wound between 1 and 100 turns, preferably between 2 and 50 turns, and most preferably between 2 and 20 turns. The thermally conductive sections are introduced during the winding process of capacitor element.
  • Figure 4a shows an enlarged view of a region 8 of the capacitor element shown in figure 2 disclosing a first example the thermally conductive section 4.
  • the innermost sub-element 3a includes a plurality of turns 9 of a metallized film
  • the outermost sub-element 3b also includes a plurality of turns 11 of the metallized film.
  • the thermally conductive section 4 provided between the two sub-elements 3a-b includes a three turns 10 of a sheet wound around the innermost sub-element 3a and having a higher thermal conductivity than the metal coated dielectric film.
  • the thermally conductive section 4 consists of the wound sheet.
  • Figure 4b shows an enlarged view of the region 8 of the capacitor element shown in figure 2, including a second example of a thermally conductive section 4' provided between two sub-elements 3a-b of the capacitor element.
  • the sub-elements 3a-b includes a plurality of turns of a metallized film in the same way as in the embodiment shown in figure 4a.
  • the metallized film does not end at the thermally conductive section, as shown in the embodiment in figure 4a. Instead the film continues through the thermally conductive section 4' and is wound together with thermally conductive sheet.
  • the thermally conductive section 4' includes a plurality of turns 10a of the thermally conductive sheet and a plurality of turns 10b of the metalized film.
  • the thermally conductive sheet is a metal foil
  • the metal layer on the metalized film is removed, e.g. by burn out, in the thermally conductive section 4' to electrically insulate the metal foil from the sub-elements.
  • the thermally conductive sheet is electrically insulating, for example, the thermally conductive film de- scribed later, the metal layer does not have to be removed.
  • This embodiment makes the winding easier and accordingly facilitates the manufacturing of the capacitor element.
  • the thermally conductive section has the shape of a hollow cylinder.
  • the wall of the thermally conductive section has a thickness of 10 ⁇ - 5 cm.
  • the thermally conductive section 4 extends between the sub-elements 3a-b and terminates at the end faces of the capacitor element.
  • the thermally conductive section 4 should preferable be in line with at least one of the electrodes to transport heat out to end faces of the capacitor element.
  • the height of the thermally conductive section 4 should preferably be equal or larger than the height of the sub-elements. In the embodiment shown in figure 3, the height of the thermally conductive section 4 is larger than the height of the sub-elements 3a-b.
  • the thermally conductive section 4 extends outside the sub-elements 3a-b and thereby carries the heat into the encapsulation.
  • the number of thermally conductive sections 4 may vary between 1 and 100, but preferably between 1 and 20 in order to be economically motivated.
  • the number of concentrically arranged cylindrical sub-elements 3a-b may also vary in dependence of the number of thermally conductive sections.
  • Placement of the thermally conductive sections 4 inside the capacitor element can be made in different ways. In one embodiment, the thermally conductive sections 4 are evenly distribution with regard to distance from the core 2 or an equal area of the metallized film. In another embodi- ment, the placement of the thermally conductive sections 4 is uneven, for example, the sections are arranged closer to each other in the center of the capacitor element where they are needed.
  • Figure 5 shows a second embodiment of the capacitor element, comprising three concentrically arranged cylindrical sub-elements 3a-c, and two concentrically ar- ranged thermally conductive sections 4a-b, extending between the sub-elements.
  • the thermally conductive sections 4a-b are arranged radially outside each other.
  • the thermally conductive section includes a wound metal foil.
  • the metal foil is, for example, made of aluminum or copper.
  • the thermal conductivity of aluminum is 237 W/mK and thermal conductivity of copper is 401 W/mK.
  • Such metal foils are commercially available in suitable thicknesses, for example 4 urn.
  • a metal foil is electrically conductive.
  • the thermally conductive section needs to be insulated from the surrounding metal- ized films.
  • the thermally conductive section is electrically insulated from the surrounding sub-elements by means of a pure polymer film.
  • the metal foil cannot be attached to both the top and bottom electrode.
  • the metal foil can be attached to one of the electrodes, the top or bottom electrode.
  • the metal foil needs to have sufficient distance to the bottom electrode to avoid flash over. It can also be a free metal foil, i.e. not attached to any of the electrodes.
  • the material of the thermally conduc- tive section is electrically insulating, for example, a high thermally conducting polymer.
  • the thermally conductive section can be attached to both the top and bottom electrode. It can also be a free film that is not attached to any of the electrodes.
  • the sheet of the thermally conductive section is a thermally conducting film made of an electrically insulating film having a layer of thermally conductive and electrically insulating particles disposed on at least one side of the insulating film.
  • the thermal conductivity of the particles is larger than 0.25 W/mK, and more preferably larger than 0.3 W/mK.
  • the particles can be disposed on one side of the film, or on both sides of the film.
  • the particles can be disposed on the film by any type of printing or evaporation technique, such as inkjet printing.
  • the particles are dispersed in a solvent during production of the thermally conducting film.
  • a printing method can be used to apply the solvent on the insulating film. When the solvent has evaporated, a percolated layer of particles is formed on the film. The layer may cover the entire insulating film or only parts of the film.
  • the insulating film can suitably be a polymer film, such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, polyamide, polyimide or terephthalate.
  • the insulating film can also be made of Teflon or glass.
  • the insulating film is, for example, covered with a layer of a ceramic material.
  • the ceramic material is, for example, a metal oxide, such as percolated inorganic metal oxide particles.
  • suitable inorganic metal oxide particles are aluminum oxide (AI203) and titanium dioxide (Ti02).
  • the thermal conductivity of aluminum oxide is 30 W/mK, which makes it very suitable in this applica- tion. Thermal conductivity of titanium dioxide vary between 2 and 12 W/mK depending on its crystal structure.
  • Particles of other ceramic materials can also be used, for example, Boron nitride (BN), having a thermal conductivity between 3 and 700 W/mK depending on its crystal structure, and barium titanate (BaTi03) having a thermal conductivity of 2.9 W/mK.
  • BN Boron nitride
  • BaTi03 barium titanate
  • the layer of metal oxide particles on the insulating film should be thicker than one mono layer, minimum thickness > 10 nm.
  • the insulating film is covered with a diamond-like carbon (DLC) electrically insulating coating, which has a thermal conductivity between 3.5 and 700 W/mK.
  • the thermally conductive particles can be disposed on the electrically insulating film in a thermally conducting pattern.
  • the pattern can cover 0.5 - 99.5 % of the surface area of the film.
  • the height of the pattern can be 1 - 10000 nm.
  • the pattern can be made by any thermally conductive and electrically insulating particles, such as metal oxide particles. If the pattern is made by metal oxide particles the thickness of the pattern should be larger than 10 nm.
  • the thermally conducting film can have the same thermal conductivity in all directions on the film, or an uneven thermal conductivity, for example, more thermal conductive in one direction. The pattern can be de- signed to achieve uneven thermal conductivity.
  • Figures 6a-b show examples of thermally conducting films provided with different patterns of thermally conductive particles.
  • Figure 6a shows a thermally conductive film 11a including an insulating film 12 and a pattern of thermally conductive particles disposed on the insulating film.
  • the pattern includes a plurality of parallel strings 13a extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the film.
  • the strips 13a are extending in a longitudinal direction of the capacitor element and thereby increasing the conductivity in the axial direction of the capacitor element.
  • Figure 6b shows a thermally conductive film lib including an insulating film 12 and a pattern 13b of thermally conductive particles disposed on the insulating film.
  • the pattern includes a plurality of strings 13b extending in a direction angular to the longitudinal direction of the film.
  • Both the thermally conducting patterns 13a-b are designed to transport heat in a direction cross a longitudinal axis L of the film, i.e. from one short side of the film to the opposite short side of the film.
  • the thermally conducting film described above can be used for other types of power components to improve the thermal conductivity of the components.
  • the thermally conducting film is particularly useful in applications where high voltages lead to significantly increased temperatures in the center of the component compared to the out- side.
  • the invention can be used for AC as well as DC components, and for low, medium and high voltage power components.
  • the invention can also be used in capacitors that is not dry, such as capacitors immersed in an impregnation fluid, to improve the thermal conductivity of the capacitor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément de condensateur en film métallisé comprenant une pluralité de sous-éléments cylindriques agencés de manière concentrique (3a-c), chaque sous-élément comprenant au moins un film diélectrique revêtu de métal enroulé selon une pluralité de tours. L'élément condensateur comprend en outre une ou plusieurs sections thermoconductrices (4a-b) situées entre les sous-éléments. Chacune des sections thermoconductrices comprend une feuille enroulée selon au moins un tour et ayant une conductivité thermique supérieure à celle du film diélectrique revêtu de métal des sous-éléments. La seconde invention concerne également un film thermoconducteur pour améliorer la conductivité thermique de composants à énergie électrique. Le film thermoconducteur comprend un film isolant et des particules thermoconductrices et électriquement isolantes disposées sur au moins un côté du film.
EP13702632.4A 2013-02-01 2013-02-01 Element capacitif à enroulement de film métallisés comprenant un film conducteur thermique et un film conducteur thermique pour les éléments de puissance électriques Active EP2951846B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2013/052059 WO2014117862A1 (fr) 2013-02-01 2013-02-01 Élément de condensateur en film métallisé comprenant des films thermoconducteurs et film thermoconducteur pour composant à énergie électrique

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EP2951846A1 true EP2951846A1 (fr) 2015-12-09
EP2951846B1 EP2951846B1 (fr) 2018-01-03

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EP13702632.4A Active EP2951846B1 (fr) 2013-02-01 2013-02-01 Element capacitif à enroulement de film métallisés comprenant un film conducteur thermique et un film conducteur thermique pour les éléments de puissance électriques

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US (1) US9865393B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2951846B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105190806B (fr)
AU (1) AU2013376448B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR112015018066B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2899769C (fr)
ES (1) ES2659220T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2015133155A (fr)
WO (1) WO2014117862A1 (fr)

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US10128044B2 (en) 2015-11-17 2018-11-13 General Electric Company Film capacitor and the method of forming the same
CN110504105A (zh) * 2019-08-27 2019-11-26 艾华新动力电容(苏州)有限公司 一种超低电感的直流支撑电容器及其制作方法
CN111027187B (zh) * 2019-11-26 2023-04-07 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 基于热参数等效的变压器多物理场绕组结构简化分析方法

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DE1464564A1 (de) * 1963-03-12 1969-04-10 Ero Starkstrom Kondensatoren Wickelschaltungen bei fluessigkeitsgekuehlten Starkstrom-Kondensatoren
US3483448A (en) 1968-01-25 1969-12-09 Cornell Dubilier Electric Capacitor including internal heat dissipating structure
US5844770A (en) * 1997-08-21 1998-12-01 K Systems Corporation Capacitor structures with dielectric coated conductive substrates
DE102004039565A1 (de) * 2004-08-13 2006-02-23 Kerafol Keramische Folien Gmbh Mehrlagige Wärmeleitfolie
US7297399B2 (en) * 2005-10-11 2007-11-20 General Electric Company Thermal transport structure and associated method
SE529278C2 (sv) 2005-11-07 2007-06-19 Abb Technology Ltd Kondensatorelement, förfarande för tillverkning av ett kondensatorelement samt användning av en kraftkondensator
CN101483096B (zh) * 2008-11-11 2012-03-14 佛山市顺德区创格电子实业有限公司 具有高散热功率的电容器
JP5843533B2 (ja) * 2011-09-09 2016-01-13 日東電工株式会社 熱伝導性シートおよびその製造方法
US8675336B2 (en) * 2012-01-31 2014-03-18 Electronics Concepts, Inc. Multiple concentric wound film capacitors

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Publication number Publication date
BR112015018066A2 (pt) 2017-07-18
WO2014117862A1 (fr) 2014-08-07
US9865393B2 (en) 2018-01-09
AU2013376448A1 (en) 2015-09-24
CA2899769C (fr) 2018-03-13
CN105190806B (zh) 2018-04-20
RU2015133155A (ru) 2017-03-07
EP2951846B1 (fr) 2018-01-03
CA2899769A1 (fr) 2014-08-07
US20150318115A1 (en) 2015-11-05
CN105190806A (zh) 2015-12-23
BR112015018066B1 (pt) 2021-06-29
ES2659220T3 (es) 2018-03-14
AU2013376448B2 (en) 2016-04-14

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