EP2944681A1 - Procédé de fabrication de briquettes de charbon et appareil de fabrication de briquettes de charbon - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de briquettes de charbon et appareil de fabrication de briquettes de charbon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2944681A1
EP2944681A1 EP13868221.6A EP13868221A EP2944681A1 EP 2944681 A1 EP2944681 A1 EP 2944681A1 EP 13868221 A EP13868221 A EP 13868221A EP 2944681 A1 EP2944681 A1 EP 2944681A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coal
kinds
coals
providing
briquettes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13868221.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2944681A4 (fr
Inventor
Chang-Il Son
Nam-Hwan Heo
Jin Ho Ryou
Sang-Ho Yi
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Posco Holdings Inc
Original Assignee
Posco Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Posco Co Ltd filed Critical Posco Co Ltd
Publication of EP2944681A1 publication Critical patent/EP2944681A1/fr
Publication of EP2944681A4 publication Critical patent/EP2944681A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
    • C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/26—After-treatment of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/361—Briquettes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C21B13/0013—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state introduction of iron oxide into a bath of molten iron containing a carbon reductant
    • C21B13/002—Reduction of iron ores by passing through a heated column of carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0033—In fluidised bed furnaces or apparatus containing a dispersion of the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0046—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes making metallised agglomerates or iron oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • C21B13/143—Injection of partially reduced ore into a molten bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/32—Molding or moulds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes.
  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes capable of implementing excellent cold strength and hot strength by separating and crushing coal per each kind of coals.
  • a reducing furnace for reducing iron ores and a melter-gasifier for melting reduced iron ores are used as a heat source to melt iron ores.
  • coal briquettes are charged into the melter-gasifier.
  • reduced iron is melted in the melter-gasifier, transformed to molten iron and slag, and then discharged outside.
  • the coal briquettes charged into the melter-gasifier form a coal-packed bed.
  • oxygen is injected through a tuyere installed in the melter-gasifier, the coal-packed bed is combusted to generate combustion gas.
  • the combustion gas is transformed into reducing gas at a high temperature while increasing a temperature through the coal-packed bed.
  • the hot reducing gas is discharged outside the melter-gasifier to be supplied to the reducing furnace as the reducing gas.
  • the present invention has been made in an effort to provide a manufacturing method of coal briquettes having advantage of implementing excellent cold strength and hot strength by separating and crushing coal for each of coal kinds.
  • the present invention has been made in an effort to provide a manufacturing apparatus of coal briquettes having an advantage of implementing excellent cold strength and hot strength by separating and crushing coal per each kind of coals.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing coal briquettes charged into a dome part of the melter-gasifier to be rapidly heated in an apparatus for manufacturing molten iron including a melter-gasifier into which reduced iron is charged, and a reducing furnace connected to the melter-gasifier and providing the reduced iron.
  • the method includes i) providing a plurality of kinds of coal; ii) storing the plurality of kinds of coal, respectively; iii) providing powdered coals by crushing the plurality of kinds of coal, respectively; iv) providing mixtures by mixing the powdered coal, a hardening agent, and a binder; and v) providing coal briquettes by molding the mixtures.
  • a method for manufacturing coal briquettes may include drying the plurality of kinds of powdered coals together.
  • a water standard deviation of the plurality of kinds of powdered coals may be 0.3 or less.
  • a plurality of kinds of coal having a difference between Hardgrove Crushability Indexes (HGIs) of 10 or less may be mixed and provided together.
  • the difference between the HGIs among the plurality of kinds of coal may be 5 or less.
  • the providing of the mixture may include i) uniformly mixing the powdered coals, and ii) providing and mixing the binder and the hardening agent with the uniformly mixed powdered coal.
  • a grain size of the powdered coals may be greater than 0mm and may be 5mm or less.
  • the grain size of the powdered coals may be 1 mm to 3mm.
  • the plurality of kinds of coals may include first coal and second coal, and a crushing time of the first coal may be different from the crushing time of the second coal.
  • the crushing time of the first coal may be greater than that of the second coal, and a caking property of the first coal is smaller than that of the second coal.
  • An apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes includes i) a plurality of coal storage tanks storing a plurality of kinds of coal; ii) a plurality of crushers connected to the plurality of coal storage tanks to provide powdered coals by crushing the plurality of kinds of coals, respectively; iii) a binder storage tank storing a binder; iv) a hardening agent storage tank storing a hardening agent; v) a mixer providing mixtures by mixing the powdered coals provided from the plurality of crushers, the binder provided from the binder storage tank, and the hardening agent provided from the hardening agent storage tank; and vi) a molding machine molding the mixture by receiving the mixture from the mixer.
  • first, second, and third are used to illustrate various portions, components, regions, layers, and/or sections, but not to limit them. These terms are used to discriminate the portions, components, regions, layers, or sections from the other portions, components, regions, layers, or sections. Therefore, the first portion, component, region, layer, or section as described below may be the second portion, component, region, layer, or section within the scope of the present invention.
  • HGI Hardgrove Crushability Index
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a flowchart of a manufacturing method of coal briquettes according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the manufacturing method of coal briquettes in FIG. 1 is just to exemplify the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the manufacturing method of coal briquettes may be variously modified.
  • the manufacturing method of coal briquettes includes providing a plurality of kinds of coal (S10), storing the plurality of kinds of coal, respectively (S20), crushing the plurality of kinds of coal, respectively (S30), providing mixtures by mixing the crushed coal, a hardening agent, and a binder (S40), and providing coal briquettes by molding the mixtures (S50).
  • the manufacturing method of coal briquettes may further include other processes.
  • step S10 the plurality of kinds of coal are provided.
  • a coal required for manufacturing the coal briquettes for example, anthracite coal, coking coal, semi-anthracite coal, weak coking coal, and the like may be used.
  • the weak coking coal may include a large amount of volatile matter.
  • coal for quality control may be mixed with powdered coals.
  • the coal for quality control coal having reflectance of a predetermined value or more may be used.
  • a grain-size distribution range of the plurality of kinds of coal is very wide as being more than 0 and 50 mm or less.
  • a Hardgrove Crushability Index (HGI) varies according to a carbonization degree. Brown coal or sub-bituminous coal having a low carbonization degree have a low HGI, bituminous coal have a high HGI, and anthracite coal having the highest carbonization degree have a low HGI again.
  • step S20 the plurality of kinds of coal are separated to be stored, respectively.
  • the quality of the coal briquettes has negatively influenced on a subsequent process for manufacturing the coal briquettes. Accordingly, the plurality of kinds of coal are separated from each other to be separately stored.
  • the plurality of kinds of coal is separately crushed to provide powdered coals. That is, the plurality of kinds of coal are separately divided and crushed.
  • the plurality of kinds of coal may be crushed to be controlled with average grain size to be 5 mm or less.
  • the average grain size of the plurality of kinds of coal is greater than 5mm, since it is difficult to uniformly mix the plurality of kinds of coal in a subsequent process, the quality of the coal briquettes may be deteriorated.
  • the average grain size of the plurality of kinds of coal is controlled in the aforementioned range.
  • the average grain size of the coal may be controlled to 1 mm to 3 mm.
  • the plurality of kinds of coal may have different HGIs.
  • a difference between HGIs of the plurality of kinds of coal may be 10 or less.
  • the difference between HGIs is controlled in the aforementioned range.
  • the difference between HGIs may be 5 or less.
  • a crushing time of the plurality of kinds of coal may be different from each other. That is, since coal having a low HGI is not crushed well as particles, the crushing time is set to be longer. On the contrary, since coal having a high HGI is crushed well, the crushing time may be reduced. Meanwhile, since coal having a high caking property is crushed well, as the caking property is higher, the crushing time is set to be longer.
  • the grain-size distribution decreases.
  • the crushing of the coal is performed by changing a capacity of a crusher, a crushing condition, a crushing speed, and the like.
  • the water deviation of the mixed coal is small and the mixed coal has a uniform grain size, coal briquettes having an excellent characteristic may be manufactured.
  • mixed coals made by mixing separately crushed coals together may be dried.
  • the water deviation of the mixed coal may be minimized.
  • the quality of coal briquettes may be further improved.
  • a water standard deviation of the mixed coals in which powdered coals are mixed may be controlled to be 0.3 or less.
  • a water amount of the coal after drying the coal was automatically controlled to become a target value.
  • a large sample for measuring water is required and the sample needs to be uniformly collected. Then, it becomes more difficult to mechanically collect and dry the sample for automatically measuring the water of the coal. Accordingly, since it is difficult to control a water variation of coal before drying the coal, the automatic water control is impossible.
  • the coal is crushed and then dried after the grain sizes are uniformalized, the drying process of the coal is simplified.
  • step S40 mixtures are provided by mixing the crushed coals, a hardening agent, and a binder.
  • the crushed coals, graphite, the hardening agent, and the binder may be mixed in a random order or specific raw materials may be added first.
  • the hardening agent may be mixed therein.
  • the binder may be mixed therein.
  • quicklime As the hardening agent, quicklime, slaked lime, a metal oxide, fly ash, clay, a surface active agent, a cationic resin, an accelerator, fiber, phosphate, sludge, waste plastics, waste lubricating oil, waste toner, graphite, activated carbon, or the like may be used.
  • molasses starch, sugar, a polymer resin, pitch, tar, bitumen, oil, cement, asphalt, water glass, or the like may be used.
  • molasses as the binder and quicklime as the hardening agent, the cold strength of coal briquettes may be largely increased by a saccharate bond when the coal briquettes are manufactured.
  • step S40 the different kinds of powdered coals are first uniformly mixed and then the binder and the hardening agent are provided to provide the mixtures. That is, since the powdered coals include various kinds of coal, when the kinds of powdered coals are not uniformly mixed, the quality of coal briquettes may be deteriorated. Accordingly, before supplying the binder and the hardening agent to the powdered coal, powdered coals are uniformly mixed.
  • the coal briquettes are provided by molding the mixture.
  • the coal briquettes may be manufactured by continuously compressing the mixture by using a molding machine including a pair of rollers.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 in FIG. 2 is just to exemplify the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, a structure of the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 may be variously modified.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 includes a coal storage tank 10, a crusher 20, a binder storage tank 40, a hardening agent storage tank 50, a mixer 60, and a molding machine 70.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 further includes a dryer 90, a mixed coal storage tank 92, a collected coal storage tank 94, and a separator 805.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 may further include other devices. Since a detailed structure and an operation method of respective devices included in the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 of FIG. 2 can be easily understood by those skilled in the art, the detailed description is omitted.
  • a plurality of coal storage tanks 10 separately store a plurality of kinds of coal, respectively.
  • coal for controlling quality may be used. Accordingly, in order to mix an appropriate amount of coal for controlling quality according to an amount of the coal used as a raw material, the plurality of coal storage tanks 10 are separately installed.
  • a plurality of crushers 20 are connected to the plurality of coal storage tanks 10, respectively.
  • the plurality of crushers 20 receive different kinds of coal from the plurality of coal storage tanks 10, respectively, to crush the different kinds of coals.
  • the coal is crushed to be provided as powdered coals having a grain size of 8 mm or less.
  • the crushed powdered coals may be directly provided to the mixer 60. Further, the crushed powdered coals may be dried and then supplied to the mixer 60.
  • the drier 90 dries the crushed powdered coals together which are supplied from each crusher 20. Accordingly, a plurality of kinds of powdered coals are mixed together in the drier 90, dried, and then may be supplied to the mixer 60.
  • the binder is stored in the binder storage tank 40.
  • the binder binds the plurality of kinds of powdered coals with each other to make them in a state suitable for manufacturing the coal briquettes.
  • the binder storage tank 40 is connected with the mixer 60 to provide the binder to the mixer 60.
  • the hardening agent is stored in the hardening agent storage tank 50.
  • the hardening agent is combined with the powdered coals to harden the coal briquettes and thus the strength of coal briquettes may be optimized.
  • the hardening agent storage tank 50 is connected with the mixer 60 to provide the hardening agent thereto.
  • the mixer 60 mixes the powdered coal, the binder, the hardening agent, and the like with each other to provide the mixtures for manufacturing the coal briquettes.
  • the plurality of kinds of coal are stored and pre-mixed in the mixed coal storage tank 92 together and uniformly mixed with each other in the mixer 60 again. Since the powdered coals include a plurality of kinds of coals, the powdered coals are uniformly mixed by driving the mixer 60 in advance before the binder and the hardening agent are put into the mixer 60. When the binder and the hardening agent are directly charged into the mixer 60, the plurality of kinds of powdered coals are not uniformly mixed and thus the quality of coal briquettes may be deteriorated. Accordingly, the plurality of kinds of powdered coals are first mixed in the mixer 60.
  • the molding machine 70 includes a pair of rolls that rotate in an opposite direction to each other.
  • the mixtures are compressed by the pair of rolls by supplying them between the pair of rolls to manufacture the coal briquettes.
  • the powdered coals are stored in the collected coal storage tank 94 by dividing the manufactured coal briquettes through the separator 805 again.
  • the powdered coals stored in the collected coal storage tank 94 is re-supplied to the mixer 60 again to be used as a raw material of the coal briquettes. As a result, use efficiency of the powdered coals may be improved.
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 which is connected to the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 of FIG. 2 , and uses the coal briquettes manufactured by the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100.
  • a structure of the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 in FIG. 3 is just to exemplify the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 in FIG. 3 may be modified in various forms.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 of FIG. 3 includes a melter-gasifier 210 and a reducing furnace 220.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 may include other devices. Iron ore is charged into and reduced in the reducing furnace 220. The iron ore charged into the reducing furnace 220 is dried in advance and then prepared as reduced iron while passing through the reducing furnace 220.
  • the reducing furnace 220 as a packed-bed reducing furnace, receives the reducing gas from the melter-gasifier 210 to form a packed bed in the reducing furnace 220.
  • coal briquettes manufactured by the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 of FIG. 2 are charged into the melter-gasifier 210 of FIG. 3 , a coal-packed bed is formed in the melter-gasifier 210.
  • a dome part 2101 is formed at an upper portion of the melter-gasifier 210. That is, in the dome part 2101 having a wider space than another part of the melter-gasifier 210, hot reducing gas exists.
  • the coal briquettes are charged into the dome part 2101 of the melter-gasifier 210 and then drastically heated while falling down to the lower portion of the melter-gasifier 210.
  • Char generated by a pyrolysis reaction of the coal briquettes moves downward in the melter-gasifier 210 to exothermically react with oxygen supplied through a tuyere 230.
  • the coal briquettes may be used as a heat source which keeps the melter-gasifier 210 at a high temperature.
  • the char since the char has permeability, a large amount of gas generated from the lower portion of the melter-gasifier 210 and reduced iron supplied from the reducing furnace 220 may more easily and uniformly pass through the coal-packed bed in the melter-gasifier 210.
  • lump carbonaceous materials or cokes may be charged into the melter-gasifier 210.
  • the tuyere 230 is installed at an outer wall of the melter-gasifier 10 to inject oxygen. Oxygen is injected to the coal-packed bed to form a raceway. The coal briquettes are combusted in the raceway to generate reducing gas.
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates another apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 300 which is connected to the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 of FIG. 2 , and uses the coal briquettes manufactured by the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100.
  • a structure of the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 300 in FIG. 4 is just to exemplify the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 300 in FIG. 4 may be modified in various shapes. Since the structure of the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 300 in FIG. 4 is similar to the structure of the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 in FIG. 3 , like reference numerals refer to like parts, and the detailed description is omitted.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 300 includes a melter-gasifier 210, a fluidized-bed reducing furnace 310, a reduced iron compression device 320, and a compacted irons storage tank 330.
  • the compacted irons storage tank 330 may be omitted.
  • the manufactured coal briquettes are charged into the melter-gasifier 210.
  • the coal briquettes generate reducing gas in the melter-gasifier 210, and the generated reducing gas is supplied to a fluidized-bed reducing furnace 310.
  • Fine iron ores are supplied to the fluidized-bed reducing furnace 310 and manufactured to be reduced irons while flowing by reducing gas supplied to the fluidized-bed reducing furnace 310 from the melter-gasifier 210.
  • the reduced irons are compressed by the apparatus for manufacturing compacted irons 320 and then stored in the compacted irons storage tank 50.
  • the compacted irons is supplied from the compacted irons storage tank 330 to the melter-gasifier 210 to be melted in the melter-gasifier 210.
  • coal briquettes are charged into the melter-gasifier 210 to be transformed to char having permeability, a large amount of gas are generated at a lower portion of the melter-gasifier 210 and the compacted irons more easily and uniformly pass through the coal-packed bed in the melter-gasifier 210 to manufacture molten iron with a good quality. Meanwhile, oxygen is supplied through the tuyere 230 to combust the coal briquettes.
  • Coal samples configured by coal A, coal B, and coal C having a grain size of 5 mm to 20 mm were prepared. Coal A was coking coal, coal B was weak coking coal of high volatile matter, and coal C was semi-anthracite coal. The entire amount of coal A, coal B, and coal C was crushed by using a crusher so that the grain size became 5 mm or less. In addition, a grain-size distribution was measured by dividing coal A, coal B, and coal C. The measured grain-size distribution is represented by the following Table 1. (Table 1) NO Coal HGI 1 Coal A 80 to 90 2 Coal B 50 to 60 3 Coal C 80 to 90
  • coal A and coal C were 80 to 90 and coal B was 50 to 60.
  • the HGI value is large, the crushing is performed well, and when the HGI value is small, the crushing is not performed well. Accordingly, it was well known that coal A and coal C were crushed well as compared with coal B.
  • a grain-size distribution of each coal according to an HGI difference is listed in the following Table 2.
  • Table 2 in coal A and coal C having a high HGI value, a coarse grain-size ratio of 1 to 5 mm was relatively low as compared with coal B having a low HGI value.
  • coal A and coal C a fine grain-size ratio of 0.25 mm or less was relatively high as compared with coal B. Accordingly, when coal A, coal B, and coal C are mixed together and then crushed, coal A and coal C have a high possibility to be over-crushed and coal B has a high possibility to be non-crushed. Accordingly, the grain sizes of coal A and coal C are relatively decreased, while the grain size of coal B may be relatively increased.
  • Coal A, coal B, and coal C were prepared. Maximum grain-size upper limits of coal per each kind of coals were divided into 5mm, 3mm, and 1 mm, respectively.
  • Each kind of coal, a binder, and a hardening agent were mixed at an appropriate ratio and then pressed by using a roll press at room temperature to manufacture coal briquettes with a pillow shape with a diameter of 51 mm, a width of 37mm, and a thickness of 24mm.
  • the volume of coal briquettes was 25 cm 3
  • a compressive strength of coal briquettes was calculated according to the following Equation 1.
  • Compressive strength kgf compressive strength by compressive strength measurer average value measured 10 times
  • Table 3 lists a compressive strength of coal briquettes accoridng to the aforementioned grain-size distribution. As listed in Table 3, coal A to coal C had the highest compressive strength when the maximum upper-limit grain size was 3mm. When pressure was applied to coal having a layered structure, cracks due to pressure occurred, and as a result, it is assumed that as the grain size was increased, the crack was increased and thus the compressive strength of coal briquettes was regarded to be deteriorated.
  • an HGI of coal B was lower than HGIs of coal A and coal C, a ratio of coarse coal was high and coarse coal had a large influence on the compressive strength. Further, an arithmetic mean grain size of coal B calculated by the following Equation 2 was significantly larger than an arithmetic mean grain size of coal A.
  • Arithmetic mean grain size mm weight ratio of grain size of 3 to 5 mm ⁇ 4 mm + weight ratio of grain size of 1 to 3 mm ⁇ 2 mm + weight ratio of grain size of 1 mm or less ⁇ 0.5 mm
  • the coal briquettes manufactured as described above were completely dried for 24 hours.
  • the coal briquettes were put in a circular reaction furnace with an inert atmosphere at 1000 °C and rotated at 10 rpm for 60 minutes.
  • char having a grain size of 10 mm or more was put in an I drum strength machine and rotated 600 times at 20 rpm for 30 minutes.
  • a ratio of coarse chars of 10 mm or more was set as a char strength according to the following Equation 3.
  • Char strength % ( ( char weight g having grain size of 10 mm or more after measuring l drum strength / char weight g having grain size of 10 mm or more before measuring l drum strength ⁇ 100
  • the char strength according to the upper-limit grain size difference per each kind of coals is shown in the following Table 5. As listed in Table 5, unlike the aforementioned compressive strength, the char strength in coal A and coal B was good as the maximum upper-limit grain size was increased, but the maximum upper-limit grain size of coal C was decreased, the char strength of coal C was good. (Table 5) NO Coal Maximum upper-limit grain size of coal -5 mm -3 mm -1 mm 1 Coal A 46.8 % 42.4 % 41.0 % 2 Coal B 65.6 % 64.7 % 59.0 % 3 Coal C 49.1 % 51.5 % 54.6 %
  • the compressive strength representing quality of coal briquettes in a cold state and the char stength representing quality of coal briquettes in a hot state had different characteristics per each kind of coals and each grain size. Accordingly, in order to manufacture the coal briquettes having good charateristics of the compressive strength and the char strength of the coal briquettes, it was determined to be preferred for various kinds of coal to be separated and crushed by considering unique coal characteristics such as an HGI and a grain shape. In order to support the determination, another experiment was performed as follows.
  • Coal A, coal B, and coal C were separated, crushed, and dried per each kind of coals, respectively, to manufacture coal briquettes. That is, a particle characteristic of coal was considered by separately crushing coal A, coal B, and coal C, and the crushed coal A, coal B, and coal C were mixed and dried together to manufacture the coal briquettes. Coal A, coal B, and coal C were mixed with each other at a mixing ratio of 40wt%, 30wt%, and 30wt%, respectively. In addition, the compressive strength and the char strength of the coal briquettes were measured.
  • Table 6 exhibits a measuring result of compressive strength and char strength of the coal briquettes manufactured according to Experimental Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
  • the compressive strength was increased by approximately 8.8 % and the char strength was increased by approximately 5.4 % as compared with Comparative Example 1. Accordingly, it could be seen that in the case of using a separating and crushing process per each kind of coals of Experimental Example 1 instead of an integral crushing process per each kind of coals of Comparative Example 1, quality of the coal briquettes may be improved in a hot and cold state.
  • Table 6 NO Experimental Example Compressive strength Char strength 1 Experimental Example 1 47.1 kgf 54.6 % 2 Comparative Example 1 43.3 kgf 51.8 %
  • Standard deviations were calculated by measuring water amounts of mixed coal 20 times when the coal briquettes of Experimental Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were manufactured to be compared with each other.
  • Table 7 exhibits water standard deviations of mixed coal of Experimental Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 which are compared with each other.

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EP13868221.6A 2012-12-26 2013-12-12 Procédé de fabrication de briquettes de charbon et appareil de fabrication de briquettes de charbon Withdrawn EP2944681A4 (fr)

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KR101696628B1 (ko) * 2015-09-25 2017-01-16 주식회사 포스코 성형탄, 그 제조 방법과 제조 장치 및 용철 제조 방법
KR101709202B1 (ko) * 2015-04-10 2017-03-08 주식회사 포스코 성형탄의 제조 방법 및 성형탄의 제조 장치
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KR101709204B1 (ko) * 2015-08-12 2017-02-22 주식회사 포스코 성형탄의 제조 방법 및 건조 장치
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EP2944681A4 (fr) 2016-09-07
KR101405478B1 (ko) 2014-06-11

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