EP2942438A1 - Excavator bucket with a sieve unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an excavator bucket (1) with a sieve unit (2a) comprising a first opening with a receptacle (4) for bulk material (S) and a second opening, the sieve unit (2a) closing the bucket (1) downwards and the two openings at two ends (5a, 5b) of the bucket (1) are arranged. According to the invention, it is provided that at least one second screening unit (2b) is provided, which subdivides a volume of the excavator bucket (1) into two areas (6a, 6b), the second screening unit (2b) above the first screening unit (2a) being spaced therefrom is arranged. Furthermore, the invention relates to a use of an excavator bucket (1) according to the invention.

Description

The invention relates to an excavator bucket with a sieve unit, comprising a first opening with a receptacle for bulk material and a second opening, wherein the sieve unit closes the bucket at the bottom and the two openings are arranged at two ends of the bucket.

Moreover, the invention relates to a use of such an excavator bucket.

Bulk material is a lumpy, granular mixture of building materials such as stones of different grain sizes. In the area of a construction site, bulk material is usually transported with the excavator bucket of an excavator. Often, bulk goods should not only be transported, but also separated or sorted into different proportions depending on their grain sizes. In order to separate large masses in a relatively short time, there are excavator buckets with a screening unit in use.

Such excavator buckets with a screening unit are known from the prior art. In a simple variant of an excavator bucket with a screening unit, a lower part of this is designed as a sieve, so provided with recesses. Thus, bulk material can be separated quickly, but only in two different proportions of different grain sizes.

Other known from the prior art excavator buckets with a screening unit comprise a plurality of mutually movably mounted items as well as several screening units. The in the US 5,743,030 A For example, the excavator bucket comprises two sieve units, one of which can carry out vibratory movements. These variants of excavator buckets have the disadvantage that the movably mounted items are prone to error, as components of the bulk material can get stuck between them and the excavator buckets are therefore often serviced or parts thereof must be replaced.

The object of the invention is to provide an excavator bucket with a screening unit, which allows a simple, but efficient sorting of bulk material.

It is another object of the invention to provide a use of such an excavator bucket.

The first object is achieved according to the invention in that at least one second screening unit is provided, which subdivides a volume of the excavator bucket into two areas, wherein the second screening unit is arranged above the first screening unit at a distance therefrom.

An advantage achieved by the invention is to be seen in particular in that, by means of the at least one second screening unit, bulk material can be separated in a simple manner into at least three components having different particle sizes. Next, the individual components of the excavator bucket are stored stationary; There are no moveable components. As a result, the bucket is robust and low maintenance. The two ends of the bucket are arranged at the front and rear of the bucket, which are approximately opposite. According to the invention, more than two sieve units can also be provided in order to subdivide bulk material into more than three fractions of different grain sizes, wherein the individual sieve units can be arranged approximately parallel to one another. If several sieve units are provided, it can be favorable if hydraulically movable flaps are provided which, depending on the orientation of the bucket, close or release openings in the latter, in order to allow a single emptying of a region. A bulk material located in the excavator bucket can be screened by means of pivoting movements of the same by the at least two sieve units arranged one above the other. The pivoting movement is carried out by a mounted on the excavator handle hydraulic punch, the bucket on the excavator handle can be fastened. The screening units are preferably made of the same material as the rest of the bucket, with a steel is particularly well suited.

In order to receive bulk material via the receptacle, it is advantageously provided that an upper region is formed at the front end with the first opening, wherein the upper region is bounded below with the second screening unit and above has a means for attachment to an excavator handle. An emptying of the upper area is carried out with the appropriate orientation of the bucket also on the first opening. The first opening closes above the recording of these. At a top of the Upper region of this is designed such that the bucket on the excavator handle of an excavator is attached. The excavator handle connects at the other end to an excavator arm of the excavator. Particularly advantageously, it can be provided that the top of the upper portion is formed so that the bucket is attached to any excavator handle with the least possible amount of work, for example with a bolt.

According to the invention it is provided that the receptacle terminates a lower region at a front end, wherein the lower region is delimited from above and below with the sieve units. The lower area is thus arranged below the upper area. As a result, bulk material can be received in the upper area, without any parts of it reach the lower area and unintentionally contaminate it with bulk material of large particle sizes. Furthermore, the receptacle is thereby designed such that a large amount of bulk material can be received in the upper region via the latter in one step. Bulk material is stored in the lower area, which is already screened through the second screening unit from the upper to the lower area.

It is advantageously provided that the lower region is formed at a rear end with the second opening in order to empty the lower region or to separate out bulk material therefrom. For this it is advantageous if the bucket is aligned accordingly. The rear end is arranged opposite the receptacle.

It is advantageous if the upper region is closed or closable at the rear end. This ensures that no accidental separation of bulk material from the upper area takes place via an additional opening. At the front end, the upper portion is open to receive bulk material through the receptacle.

Advantageously, it is further provided that recesses in the second screening unit are larger than recesses in the first screening unit. As a result, those portions of the bulk material, which have small, by recesses of both screening units passing through grain sizes, excreted downwards, as long as the bucket is moved back and forth. Portions of the bulk material having average grain sizes pass through the recesses in the second screen unit but are too large to pass through To cut through recesses in the first screening unit and are thus collected in the lower area. These portions of the bulk material can be separated from the bucket via the second opening at the rear end, wherein this can be done at a different location than the elimination of the shares of the bulk material with small particle sizes. The remaining portion of the bulk material, which has grain sizes which are larger than the recesses in the second screening unit, is collected in the upper region and excreted again via the first opening at the front end. The recesses may have any shape, for example, they may be round or square. Further, the recesses may be formed, for example, as holes of a replaceable sieve insert.

It is advantageous if the lower area is formed smaller volume than the upper area. This makes it possible to pick up a lot of bulk material in one step in the upper area and subsequently to sort by grain sizes. If more than two sieve units are provided, it may be useful for a volume of the separated regions to decrease from top to bottom, since the bulk of the bulk material often decreases after sieving through each sieve unit.

In accordance with the advantages set out above, an excavator preferably has a pivotably mounted bucket according to the invention.

A use of an excavator bucket according to the invention is advantageously carried out for separating bulk material into at least three fractions having different particle sizes.

• Fig. 1 einen Bagger mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Baggerschaufel bei einer Aufnahme von Schüttgut;
• Fig. 2 einen Bagger mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Baggerschaufel beim Sieben von Schüttgut;
• Fig. 3 einen Bagger mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Baggerschaufel beim Entleeren eines oberen Bereiches;
• Fig. 4 einen Bagger mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Baggerschaufel beim Entleeren eines unteren Bereiches;
• Fig. 5 eine Verteilung von Schüttgut nach einem Siebprozess.

Other features, advantages and effects will become apparent from the embodiment illustrated below. In the drawings, to which reference is made, show:

• Fig. 1 an excavator with an excavator bucket according to the invention when receiving bulk material;
• Fig. 2 an excavator with a bucket according to the invention in the screening of bulk material;
• Fig. 3 an excavator with a bucket according to the invention when emptying an upper portion;
• Fig. 4 an excavator with an excavator bucket according to the invention when emptying a lower portion;
• Fig. 5 a distribution of bulk material after a sieving process.

Fig. 1 shows an excavator B with an attached to the dredge handlebar BS invention excavator bucket 1 with a sieve unit 2a. The bucket 1 is preferably pivotally mounted and is in a first position for receiving bulk material S with shares of different grain sizes. According to Fig.1 takes the excavator bucket 1 bulk material S, which has grain sizes between 0 mm and X mm, that is formed arbitrarily large. The picking up of the bulk material S takes place via a receptacle 4 and via a first opening 3a or receiving opening arranged above it. Received bulk material S is stored as a whole before performing a screening in an upper area 6a. The first opening 3a and the receptacle 4 are arranged at a front end 5a of the bucket 1. A rear end 5b is located approximately opposite the front end 5a. The upper portion 6a is closed or closable at the rear end 5b, so as not to inadvertently discharge absorbed bulk material S via the rear end 5b. Next, above the upper portion 6a, the bucket 1 is preferably pivotally mounted on the bucket BS of the excavator B, the bucket BS is attached to a Baggeram.

Fig. 2 shows the excavator bucket 1 according to the invention, which is arranged on an excavator B, during the sifting of bulk material, which can be done by pivoting movements of the bucket 1. The pivoting movements are carried out hydraulically and without shaking by means of a bucket cylinder attached to the bucket BS, which transmits its movement to the bucket 1. The bucket 1 comprises two superimposed sieve units 2a, 2b, which divide a volume of the bucket 1 into two areas 6a, 6b. The sieve units 2a, 2b have in Fig. 2 not shown differently sized recesses 7, which may be formed arbitrarily, for. B. as round or square holes. Furthermore, sieve inserts can also be provided. According to the invention, the bucket 1 may also comprise more than two screening units 2a, 2b, depending on how many fractions of different grain sizes bulk material S is to be subdivided. This may be beneficial if hydraulically closable openings are provided to a single Ensure emptying of each area. It can be provided that a size of the recesses 7 in the excavator handle BS decreases from top to bottom. For Fig. 2 this means that the recesses 7 in a second screening unit 2b are made larger than those in a first screening unit 2a. Thus, a screening of the bulk material S from top to bottom. Portions of the bulk material S which have a smaller grain size than the recesses 7 in the second screening unit 2b and in the first screening unit 2a are large, pass through both areas 6a, 6b via both screening units 2a, 2a and are in the direction of the bottom of the excavator bucket 1 excretable. The precipitated portions may include, for example, grain sizes between 0 mm and 16 mm. Portions of the bulk material S, which have a mean grain size which is smaller than the recesses 7 in the second screening unit 2b, pass from the upper area 6a via the second screening unit 2b into a lower area 6b. These portions of the bulk material S can not leave this upper region 6a downwards, since the recesses 7 in the first screening unit 2a are smaller than the particle sizes of the bulk material S. Thus, this proportion initially remains in the lower region 6b. Portions of the bulk material S having a grain size which is larger than the recesses 7 in the second screening unit 2 b are screened by none of the screening units 2 a, 2 b and initially remain in the upper area 6 a. The upper portion 6a is usually formed larger volume than the lower portion 6b, since a mass of the bulk material S often after each screening unit 2a, 2b decreases.

Fig. 3 shows an excavator B with the excavator bucket 1 according to the invention when emptying an upper portion 6a. The bulk material S, which is located in the upper region 6a, can be excreted again via the first opening 3a in the case of a suitable embodiment of a pivoting movement of the bucket 1. In contrast, the bulk material S, which, as in Fig. 3 shown, located in the lower region 6b, in this position, the bucket 1 not out of this addition, since the lower portion 6b is closed at the front end 5a with the receptacle 4. An emptying of the bulk material S with large grain sizes is preferably spaced from the bulk material S with small grain sizes. For example, portions of the bulk material S with particle sizes between 32 mm and X mm can be separated out via the first opening 3a.

Fig. 4 shows an excavator B with the excavator bucket 1 according to the invention when emptying a lower portion 6b. At the rear end 5b, the upper portion 6a is closed or closable designed to prevent leakage of bulk material S at the rear end 5b. In contrast, the lower portion 6b is formed at the rear end 5b with a second opening 3b. As a result, bulk material S, which is located in the lower region 6b, can be excreted through the second opening 3b with suitable alignment of the bucket 1. By way of example, portions of the bulk material S which have particle sizes between 16 mm and 32 mm can be eliminated via the second opening 3b. This separation is again preferably spaced from the other two portions of the bulk material S.

The excavator bucket 1 and the sieve units 2a, 2b are preferably made of the same material. Particularly suitable for this is a steel which is robust to heavy and angular proportions of bulk material S and is little worn.

If bulk material S is to be screened by means of an excavator bucket 1 according to the invention, this is taken up in a first step by the excavator B with the sieve units 2a, 2b via the receptacle 4 and the first opening 3a into the upper area 6a. In one embodiment of a pivoting movement, which is carried out 1 by means of a mounted on the excavator handle BS hydraulic punch, the bucket 1 is reciprocated and the bulk material S is sieved through the second sieve unit 2b, wherein portions of the bulk material S, which are formed larger than the recesses 7 in the second screening unit 2b, remain in the upper region 6a and can be excreted again with the orientation of the bucket 1 via the first opening 3a, wherein the first opening 3a at the front end 5a of the bucket 1 is arranged. The remaining portions of the bulk material S reach the lower region 6b, which is delimited from above and from below with the sieve units 2a, 2b. During a pivotal movement of the bucket 1, in turn, only these portions of the bulk material S pass through the first sieve unit 2a, which are smaller than the recesses 7 in this large, wherein the recesses 7 of the first sieve unit 2a are formed smaller than this in the second Sieve unit 2b. Thus, small portions of the bulk material S in executing a pivoting movement of the bucket 1 through both screening units 2a, 2b excreted down. The lower portion 6 b can be emptied with a suitable orientation of the bucket 1 via the second opening 3 b, which at the rear end 5 b of the bucket 1 is arranged. The emptying of the two areas 6a, 6b takes place preferably at spaced places.

In a classification process, the in Fig. 5 shown state of classification of the bulk material S can be achieved. According to the invention, the bulk material S can be subdivided into regions of different particle sizes, depending on how large the recesses 7 are formed in the sieve units 2a, 2b. In Fig. 5 are three fractions of bulk material S shown with different grain sizes, which are selected by way of example. A fourth fraction comprises mixed bulk material S, which is taken up by the excavator bucket 1 before sieving.

The advantages of the bucket 1 according to the invention can be seen, in particular, in the simple but very efficient possibility of sorting bulk material S into more than two fractions with different grain sizes. For this purpose, it is necessary that at least two screening units 2 a, 2 b are provided, which are arranged one above the other. The bucket 1 includes no movably mounted parts and is therefore durable, robust and low maintenance. A storage of the bucket 1 on a bucket BS of an excavator B is preferably carried out with a bolt or the like, so that the bucket 1 according to the invention by means of quick change mechanism to any excavator B can be attached.

Claims (9)

Excavator bucket (1) with a sieve unit (2a), comprising a first opening (3a) with a receptacle (4) for bulk material (S) and a second opening (3b), wherein the sieve unit (2a) the excavator bucket (1) down and the two openings (3a, 3b) are arranged at two ends (5a, 5b) of the excavator bucket (1), characterized in that at least one second screening unit (2b) is provided, which divides a volume of the bucket (1) into two Regions (6a, 6b) is divided, wherein the second screening unit (2b) above the first screening unit (2a) spaced therefrom. An excavator bucket (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that an upper portion (6a) is formed at the front end (5a) with the first opening (3a), the upper portion (6a) facing downwardly with the second screening unit (2b). is limited and above a means for attachment to a dredge handlebar (BS). Excavator bucket (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the receptacle (4) a lower portion (6b) at a front end (5a) terminates, wherein the lower portion (6b) from above and below with the screening units (2a , 2b) is limited. Excavator bucket (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lower portion (6b) at a rear end (5b) with the second opening (3b) is formed. Excavator bucket (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the upper region (6a) at the rear end (5b) is closed or closable. Excavator bucket (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that recesses (7) in the second screening unit (2b) are larger than recesses (7) in the first screening unit (2a). Excavator bucket (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the lower portion (6b) is formed smaller volume than the upper portion (6a). Excavator (B), comprising a pivotally mounted bucket (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7. Use of an excavator bucket (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7 for separating bulk material (S) into at least three fractions with different grain sizes.

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