WO2012092952A1

WO2012092952A1 - Mobile crushing unit

Info

Publication number: WO2012092952A1
Application number: PCT/EP2011/006498
Authority: WO
Inventors: Viktor Raaz
Original assignee: ThyssenKrupp Fördertechnik GmbH
Priority date: 2011-01-03
Filing date: 2011-12-22
Publication date: 2012-07-12
Also published as: DE102011000019A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a mobile crushing unit having a receiving bunker (1) for the material to be crushed (4) and at least two rollers (W) which are driven in opposite directions and between which there is formed a working gap (A) for comminuting the material to be crushed (4). According to the invention, the rollers (W) are arranged directly in the receiving bunker, wherein a device for sieving particles which drop below a predetermined particle size out of the material to be crushed (4) is provided.

Description

Mobile crushing plant

Description:

The invention relates to a mobile crushing plant with a receiving bunker for the crushed material and at least two counter-rotating rollers, between which it is formed in the working gap for the crushing of the crushed material. Mobile crushing plants are often used in the extraction of mineral substances such as ores and rocks, organic substances such as coal, and for the continuous overburden extraction. In order to be able to remove the exploitable material or spoil from an extraction area with conveyor belts, the corresponding materials must not exceed a certain grain size. Thus, it is known to pour the materials to be recovered or during the exposure of the useful material the overburden arranged above it, for example, after a loose blasting with the help of a loader or excavator in the receiving bunker of the mobile crushing plant discontinuously. Since the loading of the crushed material is carried out discontinuously by an excavator or wheel loader, but the removal by means of conveyor belts should be continuously possible, the mobile crushing plant must also have a certain buffer function so that a continuous conveyor belt filling and a high throughput can be achieved during continuous operation of the crushing arrangement can.

Depending on the strength of the material to be crushed and the desired flow rate, double roller crushers, jaw crushers with pre-screening or even cone crushers are used in practice for mobile use. These crushers require a relatively large height to ensure an unhindered inflow, a reliable crushing process and a uniform crushed material discharge.

Against this background, in the known mobile crushing plants, the crushed material, which is filled discontinuously in the comparatively low receiving bunker, is conveyed to the crusher with a plate belt. The mobile crusher must also have facilities for removing the broken material, such as a discharge boom. On a common chassis thus the receiving bunker, the Piattenband, the crusher and the discharge device are arranged with a corresponding support structure.

The various elements result in a total of considerable construction volume and high weight of the mobile crushing plant, which increases the investment costs very quickly with increasing nominal throughput of the system and decreases the maneuverability of the plant.

In practice, it is desirable to provide an arrangement of two parallel tracks as a chassis, because then still a good maneuverability by a corresponding control of the two tracks is possible. Furthermore, corresponding double track suspensions are widely used in practice, so that such a solution is associated with comparatively low design costs, if not even standard designs can be used.

From the field of stationary crushing plants, various embodiments of multi-roll crushers are known. Thus, US Pat. No. 5,595,350 A describes a multi-roll crusher at the end of a cooling device, four crushing rolls being arranged next to one another. From the feed side, the first rolls rotate in a same direction to the right, with the fourth turning counterclockwise to the left. The material is passed on from the task side.

fed in orderly and placed on the crushing rollers. No comminution takes place on the rolls that are rotating at the same time. Rather, small particles, i. H. a fine grain fraction through the interstices of the rollers fall, in which case the remaining crushed material is crushed with a larger grain size in the nip between the third and the fourth roller. An intermediate storage or buffering of the crushed material is not necessary due to the continuous feed. In the stationary structure is a large free fall height available, with the weight and space requirements of the roll crushing system are irrelevant due to the stationary arrangement.

From EP 1 984 115 B1, a further stationary multi-roll breaking system is known, in which all successive rolls each have an opposite direction of rotation in alternation. The successive rolls may be adjusted in position so that their axes are arranged in a zigzag or stepped contour. This makes it possible to control the inflow of the crushed material to the individual cooperating pairs of rollers. This can be used to load all rollers as evenly as possible and to ensure a high throughput over the entire width of the roll crushing plant. Pre-separation of fine grain is not planned.

The present invention has for its object to provide a mobile crushing plant, which has a low overall height, a compact design and low weight at a high throughput. In particular, the mobile crushing plant should have good maneuverability to allow in practice a simple and flexible use.

Starting from a mobile crushing plant with the features described above, the object is achieved in that the

Rolls are arranged directly in the receiving bunker and that within the receiving bunker means for screening particles from the crushed material, which fall below a predetermined grain size, is provided. Because the at least two rollers are inserted directly into the receiving bunker, it is not necessary to have a crushing space for the rollers and a separate receiving bunker kept separate. In addition, long slats for transport and an elaborate support structure for different parts fall away. For a given throughput, thus the weight of the mobile crushing plant is significantly reduced.

However, in the context of the invention, a compact design with a high throughput is also favored by the fact that according to the invention a device is provided for screening particles from the crushed material which fall below a predetermined grain size. Particles which already have a suitable size for further transport or further processing so do not reach the at least one working gap, whereby this is acted upon only with a reduced flow of material, whereby the total throughput is significantly increased. Small particles already having a desired size are immediately removed by the sieving means. For this example, vibrating grid or roller grates are suitable, which are upstream of the rollers, ie the crushing rollers. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the means for screening of particles may also be formed by two adjacent rollers having a same direction of rotation, which define a screen gap between them. These rollers are expediently designed as crushing rollers with teeth, whereby a shaking movement of the crushed material is generated and whereby particles which do not fit through the sieve gap between the two rollers rotating in the same direction, are transported further.

In order to enable a loading of the mobile crushing plant with an excavator or wheel loader, there is expediently a task area for the crushing material to be crushed on one side of the receiving bunker. The crushed material then passes from the feed area first to the device for screening particles before the non-sieved components of the crushed material are fed to the at least one working gap.

As previously described, increased throughput can be achieved by screening based on size selection. Particularly preferred is an embodiment of the mobile crushing plant with at least five rollers which are arranged in the receiving bunker that there are at least two working gaps and an empty gap at which the adjacent rollers rotate in opposite directions, and in addition a sieve gap between two adjacent rolls, the have a same direction of rotation is present. As a result of the at least two working gaps, the breaking power can be further increased, wherein the working gaps, as explained in detail below, can in principle also be designed for breaking in each case different grain sizes.

According to a particularly suitable embodiment, starting from the feed area for separating a fine grain fraction from the crushed material, a first section is provided with at least two directly adjacent rolls having a same direction of rotation, wherein a second section following the first section for breaking a middle grain fraction comprises at least two rolls having a same direction of rotation and a roll arranged offset down between these rollers with an opposite direction of rotation, and wherein a second portion subsequent to the third third section for breaking a coarse grain fraction at least one

Double roll breaker assembly having two oppositely rotating rollers.

According to this embodiment, a plurality of rollers are integrated directly into the receiving bunker in such a way that they bring about a transport and screening function, a size selection as well as the breaking of the middle grain fraction and the coarse grain fraction.

The task area is usually provided on one side of the receiving bunker. Starting from this side of the receiving bunker, the crushed material passes directly or via a comparatively short conveying device within the receiving bunker to the device for screening particles. If at least one screen gap is provided here, the rollers are driven such that they move on their upper side away from the application area in the direction of the at least one subsequent working gap. A breaking function is not provided in the first section. Due to the at least one sieve gap between the rolls, however, the fine grain portion of the crushed material can fall through, so that an effective screening of this fine grain fraction takes place.

In the first section with the at least one screening nip, the rolls can expediently be provided with teeth, like conventional breaking rolls, having teeth whose tips point in the direction of rotation. By such teeth, the crushed material is set in movements that facilitate the separation of the fine grain fraction. In addition, larger particles that can not pass through the nip are transported by the teeth from roller to roller.

The number of rolls in the first section can be selected on the basis of the respective requirements and the size distribution of the particles in the crushed material

become. Thus, for example, between 2 and 10, in particular between 3 and 7 rollers can be arranged one behind the other.

The rollers of the first section are arranged with their axes preferably rising on a straight line and / or in the direction of the subsequent section. Due to the increase, starting from the application area, the first roller can be arranged very deep directly above the bottom of the receiving bunker, so that the entire height of the receiving bunker can be used there for receiving and buffering the usually discontinuously placed crushed material. The slope at the same time sufficient space is created to subsequently arrange rollers with a height offset to each other. Finally, the separation is improved because the crushed material is conveyed against gravity. While center grain and coarse grain is conveyed upwards at the at least one screen gap by the rolls and the dynamic pressure of the subsequent crushed material against the gravitational force along the successive rolls, the fine grain fraction falls back against gravity when conveyed and finally through the screen gaps between the rolls. The first section is preferably followed by the second section, which is provided on the one hand for breaking the center grain portion and on the other hand for further transport of the coarse grain portion. In principle, the rollers arranged at the transitions of the sections may be functionally assigned to both of the adjacent sections. For example, the last roller of the first section may at the same time be the first roller of the second section in its function.

In the second section, at least two rollers with a same direction of rotation and at least one offset between these rollers are offset downward.

ordered roll provided with an opposite direction of rotation. The at least two overhead rollers are driven so that they move on their upper side in the direction of the subsequent third section. Due to the distance between the at least two identically rotating rollers, a size selection takes place.

Coarse grain, which does not get into the gap between the two rolls due to its size, is conveyed further by the rectified rotation to the third section. Particles of average grain size, on the other hand, may fall into the nip between the two rolls of the second section rotating in the same direction and are then comminuted by cooperation with the oppositely rotating roller below.

The described arrangement can be present several times in the second section. For the size selection is always the distance between two equal rotating, overhead rollers crucial. In the case of more than two overhead, uniformly rotating rolls, it is always possible to provide the same or a different spacing between any two adjacent rolls. In particular, there is the possibility that the gap dimension in the transport direction continues to increase, thereby resulting in a further size selection in the second section. The distance between the successive rolls with the same direction of rotation can be used to always have an optimal load distribution, ie. H. to achieve a maximum utilization of the individual rollers.

In the third section, finally, the breaking of the coarse grain fraction takes place with oppositely rotating rolls. A further transport is not provided here. Rather, all the particles that have entered the third section, in the gap between the oppositely running rollers

retracted and broken. Particularly preferred is an embodiment with several, for example, four wedge-like crushing rollers which are driven in groups, so that even very large chunks are drawn ever deeper into the downwardly tapering gap and successively crushed. In such a configuration, a first counter-rotating pair of rollers and a second counter-rotating driven roller pair is provided with a smaller nip dimension, wherein in both pairs the direction of rotation is directed towards each other so that the crushed material is moved into the nip.

The rollers in the second section, the third section and preferably also in the first section have the usual form of crushing rollers with a plurality of teeth. In particular, it may be provided that in the second section and the third section in the areas in which breaking occurs, the teeth of oppositely driven rollers mesh. The gap size is to be selected depending on the desired grain size of the fractured material.

In order to be able to remove the broken material, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a trigger belt is arranged on the underside of the receiving bin, which extends along the feed direction of the crushed material.

In the context of the invention there is the advantage that virtually the entire length of the receiving bunker can be used to discharge the screened or comminuted material, whereby a very high throughput is achieved overall. As already described above, the configuration of the sections, that is, the number, the shape and the exact arrangement of the individual rollers can be variable according to the respective

Requirement, in particular taking into account the particle size distribution of the crushing done. Due to the sieve function an optimal utilization can be achieved in the individual areas. For example, in the preferred embodiment with three sections in the third section, although very large parts must be crushed, however, an additional burden is avoided by the breakage of center grain by the previous separation. Due to the described arrangement of the rolls in several sections, the middle grain fraction and the coarse grain fraction, which require a significantly higher residence time in the process chamber of the crusher, removed from the abandoned crushed material by the onward transport and in a dedicated section in the middle or at the end of the Crusher crushed. By shifting the center grain or coarse grain from the main material flow through the described transport function, the throughput performance variations of the mobile crusher are significantly reduced and the applicability of a multi-roll crusher is also made possible for mobile crushers.

In order to avoid excessive loading of the rolls arranged below the application area by the impact of the crushed material and / or to reduce the Bunkerbeladehöhe in the discontinuous pouring of the crushing material (wheel loader instead of excavators), within the receiving bunker also a comparatively short conveyor, such as a plate belt provided be. The plate belt can absorb the impact energy without it being damaged or excessively loaded. The material conveyed by the slat conveyor is transferred directly to the rollers of the first section, which rotate in the same direction, without a significant height offset, thereby avoiding mechanical loads.

As described above, the mobile crushing plant is characterized by a compact design and low weight. Even if large throughputs of at least 800 tons per hour (t / h) or preferably more than 1000 t / h are provided, the chassis of the mobile crushing plant can be formed from only two rows of feed trains, in particular two parallel tracks. Depending on the crushing material and design of the mobile crushing plant throughputs in the range of 3000 t / h, 5000 t / h, 10 000 t / h or even 20 000 t / h are possible. By only two rows of propulsion results in a particularly easy maneuverability of the entire system.

In the context of the invention, a compact mobile crushing plant is provided with an overall low overall height and a low weight, so that the investment costs are reduced and the substitutability of the mobile crushing plant in practice simplified in particular for large throughputs. In addition, it is also avoided that the material to be crushed reaches the crushing rollers with a large drop height. The risk of increased wear and malfunction are thereby reduced.

The invention will be explained in the following with reference to a drawing showing only one exemplary embodiment.

Show it:

1 is a schematic view of a mobile crushing plant,

FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the crushing plant shown in FIG. 1, FIG.

3 shows the plant shown in Fig. 1 during operation,

Fig. 4 shows an alternative roller arrangement.

FIG. 1 shows a mobile crushing plant with a receiving bunker 1, a plurality of rolls W and a feed area 3 for the crushed material 4 to be comminuted. A take-off strip 5 is arranged on the underside of the receiving bunker 1, which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rolls W runs over the entire length of the receiving bunker 1. Furthermore, a chassis 6 is indicated in the form of two parallel tracks.

The height of the receiving bunker 1 in the feed area 3 is chosen so that a direct loading with a wheel loader or excavator is possible. This loading is usually discontinuous, with the receiving bunker 1 correspondingly having a buffer function.

According to the embodiment, the rollers W are arranged in three sections I, II, III, starting from the feed section 3 a separation of a fine grain portion 4a and a transport function for coarse grain 4c and middle grain 4b, a combined transport function for the coarse grain 4c and a breaking function for the Provide center grain 4b and a refractive function for the coarse grain 4c. The first section I is formed by the rollers W slightly rising along a straight line.

The function of the crushing plant results in particular from FIG. 3. In the first section I, the rollers W are driven with a same direction of rotation, in the embodiment right-handed. Correspondingly, the rollers W also have teeth 7 which point in the direction of rotation with their tooth tip. Due to the same clockwise rotation of the rollers W, a shaking motion is generated by the teeth 7, which leads to that fine grain 4a through

the sieve gap S between adjacent rolls W falls. Center grain 4b and coarse grain 4c are, however, transported by the teeth 7 against gravity in the direction of the second section II. The last roll W of the first section I is at the same time the first roll W of the second section II. In the second section II, at least two rolls W with a same direction of rotation and at least one roll W offset between these adjacent rolls W are provided, which has an opposite direction of rotation, so in the present case turns to the left. In the specific embodiment, the second section has three overhead right-handed rolls W and two left-handed rolls W located below.

In the second section II a combined transport and breaking function is realized. The proportion of center grain 4b of the material to be crushed 4 can pass through the gap between the upper rolls W and then be broken by the interaction of these rolls W with the underlying, counter-rotating rolls W at the corresponding working gaps. Due to the directions of rotation of the rollers involved W, an empty gap L results between two working gaps A. Coarse grain 4c, which does not fit through the distance between two upper rollers W of the second section II, finally becomes the third section due to the clockwise rotation of the upper rollers W III transported to break the coarse grain 4c.

In the third section III, the coarse grain 4c is crushed by counter-rotating rolls W. As before, at the transition from the first section I to the second section II, the last roller W of the second section II is simultaneously the first roller W of the third section III.

In the described embodiment, in the third section III, an upper pair of oppositely arranged rollers W are provided, which pre-shred the coarse grain 4c. The pre-shredded coarse grain 4c is then comminuted to the desired size in the corresponding working gap A by means of a second counter-rotating pair W of rolls W having a smaller nip dimension. The sieved or crushed crushed material 4 is then removed from the withdrawal belt 5. The system is characterized by a very compact and simple design, so that in addition to an excellent maneuverability even with a comparatively large throughput yield low investment costs. The system is also characterized by a particularly advantageous cost efficiency during operation.

2 shows a variant of the described mobile crushing plant, in which an additional, comparatively short conveying device is arranged within the receiving bunker 1 in the feeding area 3. The conveyor in the form of a plate belt 8 serves to absorb 4 impact energies in the pouring of the crushed material. This avoids that the rollers W of the first section I are excessively stressed by the falling crushing material 4.

Figures 1 to 3 relate to a preferred, possible embodiment of the mobile crushing plant according to the invention. In principle, however, another arrangement with fewer rollers W is conceivable. Only by way of example, Fig. 4 shows an embodiment with only five rolls W, wherein only the Anord tion of the rolls W itself is shown. The further embodiment of the mobile crushing plant with the receiving bunker 1, the

Discharge tape 5 and the chassis 6 corresponds to the embodiment described above. The crushed material 4 is applied as above on the left side, wherein the two first rolls W form starting from the feed area 3 a sieve gap S, is screened out on the fine grain 4a. Subsequently, the non-screened crushed material 4 passes to two working gaps A, between which an empty gap L is formed. A further selection between middle grain 4b and coarse grain 4c does not take place. By the distribution of the crushing material 4 on two working gaps A but a satisfactory overall throughput is also achieved here.

If, as a device for screening particles according to a preferred embodiment, at least one sieve gap S is provided, the mobile crushing plant has at least three rolls W, at a first transition of two adjacent rolls W by a same direction of rotation of the wire nip S and at a second transition to form the working gap A between two adjacent rolls W by means of an opposite direction of rotation, which feeds the crushed material 4.

Claims

1. Mobile crushing plant with a receiving bunker (1) for the crushed material (4) and at least two counter-rotating rollers (W), between which a working gap (A) for the crushing of the crushed material (4) is formed, characterized in that the rollers (W) are arranged directly in the receiving bunker (1) and that within the receiving bunker (1) a device is provided for screening particles from the crushed material (4) which fall below a predetermined grain size.

2. Mobile crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for screening of particles by at least two adjacent, a same direction of rotation having rollers (W) is formed, which define a sieve gap (S).

3. Mobile crusher according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a task area (3) for the crushed crushing material (4) on one side of the receiving bunker (1), wherein the crushed material (4) of the task area (3) first passes to the device for screening of particles before the non-screened components of the crushed material (4) are supplied to the at least one working gap (A).

4. Mobile crusher according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by at least five rollers (W) which are arranged in a receiving bunker (1), that at least two working gaps (A) and an empty gap (L) are present, in which the each adjacent rollers (W) rotate in opposite directions, and in addition there is a sieve gap (S) between two adjacent rollers (W), which have a same direction of rotation.

5. crushing plant according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that

in that, starting from the application area (3), a first section (I) is provided with at least two directly adjacent rollers (W) having a same direction of rotation, such that a second section (II) following the first section (I) comprises at least two rollers (W) having a same direction of rotation and at least one between these rollers (W) offset downwardly disposed roller (W) having an opposite direction of rotation, and that the second section (II) subsequent third section (III) for breaking a coarse grain fraction at least a working gap (A) between two oppositely rotating rollers (W).

6. Mobile crushing plant according to claim 5, characterized in that the successive rolls (W) of the first section (I) in the direction of the subsequent second section (II) are arranged rising.

7. Mobile crusher according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the d ritte section (III) for breaking the coarse grain portion, a first counter-rotating pair of rollers (W) and a second arranged below counter-driven pair of rollers (W) with a having smaller nip.

8. Mobile crushing plant according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that on the underside of the receiving bunker (1) a trigger belt (5) is arranged, which extends along a feed direction of the crushed material (4).

9. Mobile crushing plant according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a drive train formed from two rows of advances (6) is provided.

10. Mobile crushing plant according to claim 9, wherein the chassis (6) is formed by two parallel crawler belts.

11. Mobile crushing plant according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the maximum flow rate of the crushed material (4) is at least 800 t / h, preferably at least 1000 t / h.

12. Mobile crusher according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein within the receiving bunker (1) a conveyor is arranged, which feeds the crushed material (4) of the device for screening particles.

13. Mobile crushing plant according to claim 12, wherein the conveyor is a plate belt (8).