EP2941339A1 - Porte-bloc avec système de coulée continue intégré pour matières synthétiques thermoplastiques - Google Patents

Porte-bloc avec système de coulée continue intégré pour matières synthétiques thermoplastiques

Info

Publication number
EP2941339A1
EP2941339A1 EP13811792.4A EP13811792A EP2941339A1 EP 2941339 A1 EP2941339 A1 EP 2941339A1 EP 13811792 A EP13811792 A EP 13811792A EP 2941339 A1 EP2941339 A1 EP 2941339A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block carrier
carrier housing
block
thermoplastic material
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13811792.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Harald Zang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maag Automatik GmbH
Original Assignee
Maag Automatik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maag Automatik GmbH filed Critical Maag Automatik GmbH
Publication of EP2941339A1 publication Critical patent/EP2941339A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • B29B9/065—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion under-water, e.g. underwater pelletizers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/255—Flow control means, e.g. valves
    • B29C48/2556—Flow control means, e.g. valves provided in or in the proximity of dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/345—Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/365—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps
    • B29C48/37—Gear pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/74—Bypassing means, i.e. part of the molten material being diverted into downstream stages of the extruder
    • B29C48/745—Bypassing means, i.e. part of the molten material being diverted into downstream stages of the extruder for plasticising or homogenising devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/009—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation after shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/04—Particle-shaped

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of granulation of thermoplastic plastics materials, and more particularly to a block carrier having an integrated continuous casting device for forming strands of thermoplastic materials.
  • thermoplastic material in particular polymers such.
  • polymers such as polyethylene or polypropylene
  • underwater pelletizers or strand pelletizers are often used, in which initially strands are formed from the thermoplastic material, which are then comminuted by cutter heads or granulating to granules.
  • Corresponding plants are known, for example, as the strand granulation system Primo or as the underwater granulation system Sphero of the Automatik Plastics Machinery.
  • extrusion systems are mostly used, with the aid of which a downstream granulating head, a continuous caster or another extrusion tool is continuously and uniformly supplied with plastic melt.
  • FIG. 1 such an extrusion system may include a screw extruder 1, a gear pump 2 and a start-up valve 4.
  • the extrusion tool for example, a equipped with a perforated plate granulator Unterwassergranuliersystems connected.
  • a melt filter 3 may be provided.
  • the function of the gear pump 2 is the most uniform possible discharge of the gear pump 2
  • Screw extruder 1 extruded, molten plastic material against the resistance of the downstream "pressure consumers” such as the extrusion die 5, the filter 3, the starting device 4, but also of intermediate flanges, connecting lines and optionally additionally inserted adapters. 6
  • the gear pump 2 promotes the molten plastic material with a constant pressure, undesirable influences due to the variety of devices and connections through which the plastic material is to be conveyed may occur, making it undesirable at the holes or nozzles of the extrusion die 5 pressure fluctuations can come.
  • the plastic material has a relatively long residence time before it is formed into strands through the holes or nozzles of the extrusion die 5, to be subsequently granulated.
  • a block carrier with an integrated continuous casting device for thermoplastic material the block carrier further comprising a block carrier housing, a melt pump device for conveying the thermoplastic article.
  • the continuous casting apparatus may be formed, at least in part, by a perforated or nozzle plate having a plurality of nozzle openings through which the molten thermoplastic material may be pressed to form the strands of the thermoplastic material.
  • the hole or nozzle plate may be formed integrally with the block carrier housing.
  • the block carrier housing is designed in several parts, which can further improve the accessibility and serviceability and the manufacturability.
  • the block carrier housing can also be formed in one piece, which can further increase the pressure resistance.
  • the block carrier housing is divided in a longitudinal direction into two or more block carrier housing sections. More preferably, a plane that separates the block carrier housing sections extends substantially perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the melt pump device.
  • the block carrier housing is divided in a transverse direction into two or more block carrier housing sections. More preferably, a plane separating the block carrier housing sections extends substantially parallel to an axis of rotation of the melt pump device and the plane intersects the melt pump device.
  • a multi-part design of the block carrier housing allows for easier production and assembly. It is also possible in a simple manner to produce non-linear, in particular curved or curved, melt paths along which the melt flows through the block carrier. This allows to provide small-sized block carriers which are particularly suitable for use in environments subject to space constraints.
  • the melt pump device can be designed as a gear pump.
  • the starting valve can be arranged between the melt pump device and the strand forming device.
  • the block carrier may preferably further comprise a screen changing device which is integrated in the block carrier housing.
  • the block carrier may also preferably comprise heating means, in particular e.g. a heating ring which is integrated in the block carrier housing or are.
  • connection flange for connecting an upstream extruder or an upstream filter device can be formed or arranged on the block carrier housing.
  • a granulator for granulating thermoplastic material may comprise a block carrier.
  • the granulating device has a cutter head on which a plurality of blades are arranged to stroke over the hole or nozzle openings and to cut off from the hole or nozzle openings emerging strands of the thermoplastic material and granulated so.
  • the granulating device may be set up to operate according to the underwater granulation method or the hot dry stripping method.
  • Fig. 1 shows an extrusion system with downstream equipment and downstream Extrusi- onswerkmaschine according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an integrated continuous casting block carrier according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a block carrier with integrated continuous casting device according to another embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic plan view of a block carrier with integrated continuous casting device according to a further embodiment
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic plan view of a block carrier with integrated continuous casting device according to a further embodiment
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a block carrier with integrated continuous casting device according to yet another embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 shows a block carrier with integrated continuous casting device according to an embodiment which is connected downstream of an extruder.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block carrier 10 with an integrated continuous casting device for forming strands of thermoplastic material according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the block carrier 10 can be, for example, a continuous casting apparatus for a strand pelletizing system, or a component of a pelletizing device according to the underwater or hot die cut method.
  • the continuous casting device may be formed as a hole or nozzle plate 11.
  • the block carrier 10 has a block carrier housing 12, in which a melt inlet channel 16 is formed.
  • the melt inlet channel 16 serves to receive molten thermoplastic material, hereinafter referred to as a melt, from an upstream device, such as an extruder, reactor, filter, or other device.
  • an upstream device such as an extruder, reactor, filter, or other device.
  • one or more distributing chambers 15 are further formed to distribute the supplied melt and guide it to a plurality of holes or nozzles 13 formed in the perforated plate or nozzle plate 11. The melt is extruded through the holes or nozzles 13 and formed into strands of the thermoplastic material.
  • the strands can then be granulated in a known manner.
  • the orifice plate or nozzle plate 11 may be integrally formed in the block carrier case 12, or may be fixed to the block carrier case 12.
  • a nose cone 14 On the upstream side of the perforated plate or the nozzle plate 11, a nose cone 14 may be attached, which together with corresponding walls of the block carrier housing 12 form one or more distribution chamber (s) 15.
  • a melt pump device 17 is integrated in the block housing 12 of the block carrier 10.
  • the melt pump device 17 is preferably designed as a gear pump.
  • a starting valve 18 is integrated into the block housing 12 of the block carrier 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the start-up valve 18 can be arranged downstream of the melt pump device 17 in the flow direction of the melt.
  • melt pump device 17 downstream of the start-up valve 18 in the flow direction of the melt. It may be further provided that the melt pump device 17 or the start-up valve 18 directly adjacent to the distribution chamber (s) 15. An arrangement at least partially within the distribution chamber (s) 15 is also conceivable. In this way, a particularly direct influence on the melt pressure at the holes or nozzles 13 of the perforated plate or nozzle plate 11 can be achieved and a particularly short design can be achieved.
  • the order of the individual elements in the flow direction of the melt is basically variable and can be determined individually depending on the installation, space and application situation without departing from the teaching of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a block carrier 10 with integrated continuous casting device.
  • a screen changing device 22 which is advantageously arranged between the melt pump device 17 and the starting valve 18, can also be integrated into the block carrier housing 12 of the block carrier 10.
  • heating means 19 for example in the form of channels for a heat transfer fluid or in the form of an electric heating element may be provided.
  • the melt pump device 17 may also be integrated in the heating ring.
  • a connecting flange 21 may be provided, which is formed integrally with the block carrier housing 12 or is fastened thereto.
  • the connecting flange 21 may serve to fasten the block carrier 10 to upstream devices, such as an extruder 1, a filter 3 or other means.
  • the block carrier housing 12 may be made in one piece. Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the block carrier housing 12 may also be designed in several parts.
  • the block carrier housing 12 may be designed in several parts, in particular in two parts, with a first block carrier housing section 12a and a second block carrier housing 12a. gergetudeabites 12b.
  • the block carrier housing 12 is divided in the longitudinal direction into the two block carrier housing sections 12a, 12b, wherein the two block carrier housing sections 12a, 12b preferably adjoin one another substantially in a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the gear wheels of the gear pump. This allows for easier fabrication and assembly of the individual components of the block carrier 10.
  • the individual chambers, channels and walls formed in the block carrier housing 12 can be more easily formed and machined since the divided block carrier housing sections 12a, 12b allow easier access.
  • the block carrier housing 12 is divided in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis or flow direction of the melt into two or more block carrier housing sections 12c, 12d, 12e, preferably substantially in one plane is parallel to a rotational axis of a drive shaft 23 of the melt pump device 17.
  • dividing the block carrier housing 12 into a plurality of block carrier housing sections 12c, 12d, 12e may allow for simplified manufacture and assembly.
  • clamping means such as clamping rings or the like, may be provided which abut one or more surfaces of the block carrier housing 12 and the individual block carrier housing sections 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e press against each other and tension and absorb the forces exerted by the pressurized melt forces to prevent the block carrier housing sections 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e are pressed apart.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a block carrier 10 with an integrated continuous casting device, in which the melt flow from the inlet channel to the nozzles 13 is not rectilinear but undergoes a bending.
  • the integration of melt pump device 17 and start-up valve 18 within the block carrier housing 12 in this case allows that within a small overall length, the melt can be guided along a desired predetermined path.
  • the melt within the block carrier housing 12 can be performed in sections along substantially straight paths. In this way, a solution can be provided that can be adapted and designed specifically for the requirements, in particular for small plant volumes and space-constrained circumstances.
  • FIG. 7 An extrusion system, followed by a block carrier 10 for forming strands of thermoplastic material according to the second embodiment, is shown in FIG.
  • the expenditure of additional units which are in the Extrusion system must be provided, significantly reduced.
  • Figures 2, 3, 6 and 7 respectively show embodiments with branched manifolds 15 and a plurality of juxtaposed, e.g. arranged on a circular path, preferably in a plan view in two-dimensional structure arranged nozzle 13 in a corresponding nozzle plate 11.
  • the invention is not limited thereto, but in particular in the case of the application of strand pelletizers or profile extrusion devices, for example, lying on a straight line ie arranged in plan view in a one-dimensional arrangement, nozzles 13 may be embodied in a corresponding nozzle plate 11.
  • the continuous casting apparatus may also be in the form of another extrusion die or casting tool adapted to form one or more strands or profiles of thermoplastic material. It can also, as already explained above, vary the order of the correspondingly arranged functional elements in the direction of flow of the melt with respect to their arrangement in the block carrier.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un porte-bloc (10) comprenant un système de coulée continue (11) intégré pour un matériau synthétique thermoplastique. Le porte-bloc (10) comporte un boîtier de porte-bloc (12), un système de pompage de matière en fusion (17) servant à faire avancer le matériau synthétique thermoplastique et une vanne de démarrage (18), le système de pompage de matière en fusion (17) et la vanne de démarrage (18) étant intégrés dans le boîtier de porte-bloc (12).
EP13811792.4A 2012-12-21 2013-12-17 Porte-bloc avec système de coulée continue intégré pour matières synthétiques thermoplastiques Withdrawn EP2941339A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012025259.5A DE102012025259B4 (de) 2012-12-21 2012-12-21 Blockträger mit integrierter Stranggießeinrichtung für thermoplastische Kunststoffe sowie Granuliervorrichtung
PCT/EP2013/003815 WO2014095042A1 (fr) 2012-12-21 2013-12-17 Porte-bloc avec système de coulée continue intégré pour matières synthétiques thermoplastiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2941339A1 true EP2941339A1 (fr) 2015-11-11

Family

ID=49880678

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13811792.4A Withdrawn EP2941339A1 (fr) 2012-12-21 2013-12-17 Porte-bloc avec système de coulée continue intégré pour matières synthétiques thermoplastiques

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20150290839A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2941339A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012025259B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014095042A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT516295A1 (de) 2014-09-10 2016-04-15 Next Generation Analytics Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren für die Herstellung und zum Testen von Werkstücken
AT516777B1 (de) 2015-01-30 2017-07-15 Andritz Tech And Asset Man Gmbh Aufgabevorrichtung für pastöse Produkte auf ein Band
CN105711054A (zh) * 2016-03-21 2016-06-29 苏州市双虎科技有限公司 一种往复式挤出造粒机组
JP2018199274A (ja) * 2017-05-29 2018-12-20 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 ビードフィラー成形装置

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5887013A (ja) * 1981-11-18 1983-05-24 Japan Steel Works Ltd:The 連続混練造粒装置
JPS5967215U (ja) * 1982-10-29 1984-05-07 株式会社日本製鋼所 連続混練造粒装置
JPH06238657A (ja) * 1993-02-15 1994-08-30 Kobe Steel Ltd 造粒装置
JP2989122B2 (ja) * 1995-06-13 1999-12-13 株式会社日本製鋼所 合成樹脂の押出造粒方法およびその装置
JPH0996281A (ja) * 1995-10-03 1997-04-08 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd ギアポンプ
JP2963380B2 (ja) * 1995-11-15 1999-10-18 株式会社日本製鋼所 熱可塑性樹脂の造粒方法および造粒装置
DE19602091A1 (de) * 1996-01-22 1997-07-24 Uth Gmbh Extruder
EP0894594A3 (fr) * 1997-07-24 1999-03-10 Mitsubishi Chemical MKV Company Procédé pour produire des granules ou des produits moulés en résine à base de chlorure de vinyle
DE10034468A1 (de) * 2000-07-15 2002-01-31 Kreyenborg Verwaltungen Siebwechsler mit Schmelzepumpe
DE10150796C2 (de) * 2001-10-15 2003-08-07 Collin Gmbh Dr Vorrichtung zur Prüfung der Reinheit von Kunststoffschmelzen
EP1607200A4 (fr) * 2003-03-12 2009-05-27 Sekisui Plastics Patrice de granulation, dispositif de granulation, et procede de fabrication d'une granule de resine thermoplastique expansible
JP4173850B2 (ja) * 2004-10-13 2008-10-29 株式会社日本製鋼所 Ｕｗｃ装置、ｕｗｃ装置におけるｐｃｗ循環システム、及びｕｗｃ装置を用いたペレット成形加工方法
JP2009248533A (ja) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-29 Japan Steel Works Ltd:The 熱媒装置及び熱媒制御方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102012025259B4 (de) 2016-03-17
WO2014095042A1 (fr) 2014-06-26
US20150290839A1 (en) 2015-10-15
DE102012025259A1 (de) 2014-06-26

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