EP2940107B1 - Method for manufacturing coal briquettes, and apparatus for manufacturing said coal briquettes - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing coal briquettes, and apparatus for manufacturing said coal briquettes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2940107B1
EP2940107B1 EP13869240.5A EP13869240A EP2940107B1 EP 2940107 B1 EP2940107 B1 EP 2940107B1 EP 13869240 A EP13869240 A EP 13869240A EP 2940107 B1 EP2940107 B1 EP 2940107B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
graphite
coal
coal briquettes
storage bin
binder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP13869240.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2940107A4 (en
EP2940107A1 (en
Inventor
Nam-Hwan Heo
Jae-Hoon Choi
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Posco Holdings Inc
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Posco Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/361—Briquettes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
    • C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C21B13/0013—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state introduction of iron oxide into a bath of molten iron containing a carbon reductant
    • C21B13/002—Reduction of iron ores by passing through a heated column of carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0033—In fluidised bed furnaces or apparatus containing a dispersion of the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0046—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes making metallised agglomerates or iron oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • C21B13/143—Injection of partially reduced ore into a molten bath

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes capable of implementing excellent hot strength by using graphite.
  • a reducing furnace for reducing iron ore and a melter-gasifier for melting reduced iron ore are used as a heat source to melt iron ores.
  • coal briquettes are charged into the melter-gasifier.
  • reduced iron is melted in the melter-gasifier, transformed to molten iron and slag, and then discharged outside.
  • the coal briquettes charged into the melter-gasifier form a coal-packed bed.
  • oxygen is injected through a tuyere installed at the melter-gasifier, the coal-packed bed is combusted to generate combustion gas.
  • the combustion gas is transformed into a hot reducing gas while rising through the coal-packed bed.
  • the hot reducing gas is discharged outside the melter-gasifier to be supplied to the reducing furnace as the reducing gas.
  • JP 4 130826 B2 provides a menthod for producing formed charcoal, in which briquettes are formed of natural wood charcoal, a binder and artificial graphite powder.
  • WO 2005/071119 A1 discusses a method for manufacturing briquettes from coal. Two kinds of coal with different quality are used as fule constituents for the briquettes.
  • a method for manufacturing coal briquettes having excellent hot strength shall be provided. Further, an apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes having excellent hot strength shall be provided.
  • a method for manufacturing coal briquettes according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is applied to be charged into a dome part of a melter-gasifier to be rapidly heated in an apparatus for manufacturing molten iron including the melter-gasifier into which reduced iron is charged, and a reducing furnace connected to the melter-gasifier and providing the reduced iron.
  • the method for manufacturing coal briquettes includes i) providing powdered coals; ii) providing graphite suppressing hot differentiation of the coal briquettes; iii) providing a hardening agent and a binder; iv) providing a mixture by mixing the powdered coals, the graphite, the hardening agent, and the binder; and v) providing the coal briquettes by molding the mixture.
  • a ratio of the amount of graphite to the sum of the amount of powdered coals and the amount of graphite is greater than 0 and 0.3 or less.
  • the graphite is pressure-transported with a gas, stored in a graphite storage bin, and then provided.
  • the graphite is directly mixed with the hardening agent and the binder before being mixed with the powdered coals.
  • the ratio of the amount of graphite to the sum of the amount of powdered coals and the amount of graphite may be 0.1 to 0.15.
  • the graphite may be crystalline graphite or kish graphite.
  • the gas of the pressure-transporting includes nitrogen or a by-product gas.
  • the amount of binder may increase as the amount of graphite increases.
  • the coal briquettes may have an X-ray peak at 26 to 27 degrees when the coal briquettes are under X-ray diffraction analysis.
  • An apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes includes i) a powdered coal storage bin storing powdered coal; ii) a graphite storage bin storing graphite; iii) a graphite transport pipe connected with the graphite storage bin and pressure-transporting the graphite with a gas to the graphite storage bin; iv) a binder storage bin storing a binder; v) a hardening agent storage bin storing a hardening agent; vi) a mixer providing a mixture by mixing the powdered coal supplied from the powdered coal storage bin, the graphite supplied supplied from the graphite storage bin, the binder supplied from the binder storage bin, and the hardening agent supplied from the hardening agent storage bin; and vii) a molding machine receiving the mixture from the mixer to mold the mixture.
  • the graphite storage bin is directly connected with the mixer.
  • the graphite storage bin, the binder storage bin and the hardening agent storage bin are adapted to provide graphite, binder and hardening agent to the mixer before powerded coal is provided from the powered coal storage bin.
  • coal briquettes are manufactured by using graphite, cold strength and hot strength of the coal briquettes may be largely improved. That is, it is possible to improve both size and strength of char obtained when the coal briquettes are drastically pyrolyzed in the melter-gasifier by using graphite. Further, it is possible to improve operation efficiency by using the coal briquettes with added graphite in a process for manufacturing molten irons.
  • first, second, and third are used to illustrate various portions, components, regions, layers, and/or sections, but not to limit them. These terms are used to discriminate the portions, components, regions, layers or sections from the other portions, components, regions, layers, or sections. Therefore, a first portion, component, region, layer, or section as described below may be a second portion, component, region, layer, or section within the scope of the present invention.
  • graphite includes both natural graphite and graphite manufactured artificially.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a flowchart of a method for manufacturing coal briquettes according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method for manufacturing coal briquettes in FIG. 1 is just to exemplify the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the method for manufacturing coal briquettes may be variously modified.
  • the method for manufacturing coal briquettes includes providing powdered coal (S10), providing graphite (S20), providing a hardening agent and a binder (S30), providing a mixture by mixing the powdered coal, the graphite, the hardening agent, and the binder (S40), and providing coal briquettes by molding the mixture (S50).
  • the method for manufacturing coal briquettes may further include other processes.
  • the powdered coal is supplied.
  • the powdered coal may be supplied by separating raw coals according to a grain size.
  • raw coal with a grain size of 8mm or less may be supplied as the powdered coal. That is, the raw coals are separated according to a grain size to be sorted into powdered coal having a small grain size and lump coal having a large grain size.
  • Coal briquettes having excellent cold strength may be manufacture by using powdered coal having a small grain size as the raw coal.
  • the lump coal which is raw coal with a grain size of more than 8mm may be directly charged into the melter-gasifier or crushed to be used.
  • coal for quality control may be mixed with the powdered coal.
  • coal for quality control coal with reflectance of a predetermined value or more may be used.
  • step S20 the graphite is provided.
  • the graphite natural graphite, crystalline graphite, kish graphite, and the like may be used.
  • the kish graphite is discharged as a by-product of an iron making process.
  • a grain diameter and strength of char generated by charging coal briquettes into the melter-gasifier are improved by adding the graphite to the coal briquettes.
  • the coal included in the coal briquettes charged into the melter-gasifier is differentiated while a crack is generated by shrinkage and swelling thereof. Accordingly, in order to prevent generation and propagation of the crack, thermally stable graphite is added to the coal briquettes.
  • the graphite Since the graphite is thermally stable, it stably exists during swelling and contraction of coals in the coal briquettes. Accordingly, since the graphite plays a role similar to an aggregate used in making concrete or mortar, the coal briquettes may be efficiently prevented from being differentiated at a high temperature by the graphite.
  • the grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes increases by adding graphite.
  • the increasing of the grain diameter of char means that the hot strength of the coal briquettes is improved because the coal briquettes are not differentiated well in the melter-gasifier.
  • the graphite is composed of carbon, and in the graphite, a hexagonal benzene-ring structure is very well developed as compared with other coal. That is, as a polycyclic carbon structure close to the graphite is developed, a capacity to transfer electrons or heat in the coal briquettes rapidly increases by the polycyclic carbon structure in a plane. Heat conductivity of the coal increases as the degree of coalification increases.
  • heat conductivity ( ⁇ : W ⁇ m -1 ⁇ K -1 ) of bituminous coal which is used mainly for iron making is 1 or slightly higher than 1.
  • heat conductivity of graphite has several tens of times higher value than that of bituminous coal. That is, the graphite has a very high heat transfer rate.
  • the coal briquettes are differentiated at a high temperature by a heat transfer characteristic. That is, when a reaction in which the coal briquettes are pyrolyzed to generate char is divided into many steps, in the coal briquettes at room temperature charged into the hot melter-gasifier, a heat transfer phenomenon from the surface to the inside thereof occurs.
  • the coal briquettes are differentiated into large grains or char maintaining the shape of the coal briquettes as it is can be manufactured.
  • the grain diameter of char obtained from the coal briquettes which are drastically pyrolyzed is great and the strength thereof is also high.
  • the graphite is pressure-transported by a gas and may be stored in a graphite storage bin.
  • nitrogen or a by-product gas may be used as the gas.
  • the graphite stored in the graphite storage bin may be sent out to be used.
  • step S30 the hardening agent and the binder are provided.
  • the hardening agent quicklime, slaked lime, a metal oxide, fly ash, clay, a surface active agent, a cationic resin, an accelerator, fiber, phosphate, sludge, waste plastics, waste lubricating oil, and the like may be used.
  • the binder molasses, starch, sugar, a polymer resin, pitch, tar, bitumen, oil, cement, asphalt, water glass, or the like may be used.
  • the coal briquettes are manufactured by using molasses as the binder and quicklime as the hardening agent, the cold strength of coal briquettes may be largely increased by a saccharate bond.
  • the mixture is provided by mixing the powdered coal, the graphite, the hardening agent, and the binder.
  • the powdered coal, the graphite, the hardening agent, and the binder may be mixed in a random order or specific materials among those may be first mixed.
  • the binder may be mixed and then the hardening agent may be mixed.
  • the graphite may be directly mixed with the hardening agent and the binder while being not mixed with the powdered coals in advance. That is, since dried coke dust in the graphite does not need to be mixed with the powdered coal in advance by controlling a water amount included therein, the graphite may be directly mixed with the hardening agent and the binder.
  • the amount of the binder included in the mixture is controlled in the aforementioned range.
  • the amount of the binder included in the mixture may be controlled to 8.5wt% to 9wt%.
  • the raw coal is manufactured by mixing the powdered coal and the graphite in advance and then may be mixed with the hardening agent and the binder.
  • the manufactured raw coals may be separated into coals with a predetermined grain size or more.
  • the grain size of the raw coal may be controlled to be suitable for manufacturing the coal briquettes by crushing the sorted raw coals. That is, the powdered coals and the graphite are crushed to be provided as the raw coal.
  • a ratio of the amount of graphite to the sum of the amount of powdered coal and the amount of graphite may be greater than 0 and 0.3 or less. When the amount of graphite is too great, the cold strength of the coal briquettes is lowered. Accordingly, the amount of graphite is controlled in the aforementioned range. More preferably, the ratio of the amount of graphite to the sum of the amount of powdered coals and the amount of graphite may be 0.1 to 0.15.
  • the coal briquettes are provided by molding the mixture.
  • the coal briquettes may be manufactured by continuously compacting the mixture by using a molding machine including a pair of rollers.
  • the coal briquettes include carbons. Accordingly, when an X-ray diffraction analysis of the coal briquettes is performed, the coal briquettes have X-ray peak 2 ⁇ at 26° to 27°. Preferably, the coal briquettes have X-ray peak 2 ⁇ at 26.6°.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 in FIG. 2 is just to exemplify the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, a structure of the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 may be variously modified.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 includes a powdered coal storage bin 10, a coal for quality control storage bin 20, a graphite storage bin 30, a binder storage bin 40, a hardening agent storage bin 50, a mixer 60, and a molding machine 70.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 further includes a crusher 80, a mixed coal storage bin 92, a collected coal storage bin 94, a graphite transport pipe 303, a graphite carrying device 305, and separators 801, 803, and 805.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 may further include other devices. Since a detailed structure and an operation method of respective devices included in the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 of FIG. 2 can be easily understood by those skilled in the art, the detailed description is omitted.
  • the powdered coal is stored in the powdered coal storage bin 10.
  • the coal for quality control may be used in order to improve the quality of the coal briquettes and are stored in the coal for quality control storage bin 20.
  • the coal passes through the separator 801 to be divided into lump coal and powdered coal, and then the powdered coal may be stored in the powdered coal storage bin 10.
  • coal with a grain size of 8 mm or less may be used as powdered coal.
  • the lump coal separated by the separator 801 may be directly charged into a melter-gasifier 210 (illustrated in FIG. 3 ).
  • the graphite storage bin 30 stores the graphite supplied from the graphite carrying device 305 through the graphite transport pipe 303.
  • a tank lorry and the like may be used as the graphite carrying device 305.
  • the graphite is pressure-transported by a gas and stored to be supplied in the graphite storage bin 30 from the graphite carrying device 305.
  • nitrogen or a by-product gas is used as the gas to prevent ignition of the graphite.
  • the by-product gas is a gas generated during a process in a steel mill.
  • the graphite is directly mixed with the hardening agent and the binder without being mixed with the powdered coal in advance.
  • the graphite transport pipe 303 may be used by manufacturing the pipe itself with a specific material or coating an inner side of the pipe with basalt or the like. Since the graphite is stored and transported in a large sack, it is preferred that the graphite is loaded for being used in the graphite carrying device 305, but the graphite may be stored in the graphite storage bin 30 by directly removing the sack.
  • the mixed coal is separated in the separator 803 and the mixed coal with a predetermined grain size or more is crushed by the crusher 80.
  • the crushed mixed coal and the mixed coal with less than a predetermined grain size are stored in the mixed coal storage bin 92.
  • the mixed coal stored in the mixed coal storage bin 92 is provided to the mixer 60.
  • the binder is stored in the binder storage bin 40.
  • the binder binds the powdered coal and the graphite to each other to be made into a state suitable for manufacturing the coal briquettes.
  • the binder storage bin 40 is connected with the mixer 60 to provide the binder thereto.
  • the hardening agent is stored in the hardening agent storage bin 50.
  • the hardening agent is coupled with the powdered coal, the graphite, and the binder to harden the coal briquettes and thus the strength of coal briquettes may be optimized.
  • the hardening agent storage bin 50 is connected with the mixer 60 to provide the hardening agent to the mixer 60.
  • the mixer 60 mixes the powdered coal, the graphite, the binder, the hardening agent, and the like with each other to provide the mixture for manufacturing the coal briquettes. Meanwhile, the graphite storage bin 30 is directly connected with the mixer 60 to provide the graphite to the mixer 60. Since the water and the grain size of the graphite are controlled, the graphite may be immediately used in the mixer 60.
  • the molding machine 70 includes a pair of rolls that rotate in opposite direction to each other.
  • the mixture is compacted by the pair of rolls by providing the mixture therebetween to manufacture the coal briquettes.
  • the powdered coal is stored in the collected coal storage bin 94 by separating the manufactured coal briquettes through the separator 805 again.
  • the powdered coal stored in the collected coal storage bin 94 is re-supplied to the mixer 60 again to be used as a raw material of the coal briquettes. As a result, use efficiency of the powdered coal may be improved.
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates an apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 which is connected to the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 of FIG. 2 and uses the coal briquettes obtained by the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100.
  • a structure of the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 in FIG. 3 is just to exemplify the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 in FIG. 3 may be modified in various shapes.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 in FIG. 3 includes a melter-gasifier 210 and a reducing furnace 220.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 may include other devices. Iron ore is charged into and reduced in the reducing furnace 220. The iron ore charged into the reducing furnace 220 is dried in advance and then prepared as reduced iron while passing through the reducing furnace 220. The reducing furnace 220 with a packed bed type, receives the reducing gas from the melter-gasifier 210 to form a coal-packed bed therein.
  • coal briquettes manufactured by the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 of FIG. 2 are charged into the melter-gasifier 210 of FIG. 3 , a coal-packed bed is formed in the melter-gasifier 210.
  • a dome part 2101 is formed in an upper portion of the melter-gasifier 210. That is, in the dome part 2101 having a wider space than another part of the melter-gasifier 210, hot reducing gas exists.
  • the coal briquettes are charged into the dome part 2101 of the melter-gasifier 210 and then rapidly heated to fall down to the lower portion of the melter-gasifier 210.
  • Char generated by a pyrolysis reaction of the coal briquettes moves to the lower portion of the melter-gasifier 210 to exothermic-react with oxygen supplied through a tuyere 230.
  • the coal briquettes may be used as a heat source which keeps the melter-gasifier 210 at a high temperature.
  • the char provides permeability, a large amount of gas generated from the lower portion of the melter-gasifier 210 and reduced iron supplied from the reducing furnace 220 may more easily and uniformly pass through the coal-packed bed in the melter-gasifier 210.
  • lump carbon ash or coke may be charged into the melter-gasifier 210.
  • the tuyere 230 is installed at an outer wall of the melter-gasifier 210 to inject oxygen. Oxygen is injected into the coal-packed bed to form a raceway. The coal briquettes are combusted in the raceway to generate a reducing gas.
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates another apparatus for manufacturing molten irons 300 which is connected to the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100 of FIG. 2 and uses the coal briquettes manufactured by the apparatus for manufacturing coal briquettes 100.
  • a structure of the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 300 in FIG. 4 is just to exemplify the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Accordingly, the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 300 in FIG. 4 may be modified in various shapes. Since the structure of the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 300 in FIG. 4 is similar to the structure of the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 200 in FIG. 3 , like reference numerals are used in like parts, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the apparatus for manufacturing molten iron 300 includes a melter-gasifier 210, a reducing furnace 310, a device for compacting reduced iron 320, and a compacted reduced iron storage bin 330.
  • the compacted reduced iron storage bin 330 may be omitted.
  • the manufactured coal briquettes are charged into the melting gasifier 210.
  • the coal briquettes generate reducing gas in the melter-gasifier 210 and the generated reducing gas is supplied to the fluidized-bed reducing furnace 310.
  • Fine iron ore is supplied to the fluidized-bed reducing furnace 310 and manufactured to reduced iron while fludizing by the reducing gas supplied to the fluidized-bed reducing furnace 310 from the melter-gasifier 210.
  • the reduced iron is compacted by the device for compacting reduced iron 320 and stored in the compacted reduced iron storage bin 330.
  • the compacted reduced iron is supplied from the compacted reduced iron storage bin 330 to the melter-gasifier 210 to be melted therein.
  • coal briquettes are supplied to the melter-gasifier 210 to be transformed to char having permeability, a large amount of gas generated from the lower portion of the melter-gasifier 210 and the compacted reduced iron more easily and uniformly pass through the coal-packed bed in the melter-gasifier 210 to manufacture molten iron with good quality. Meanwhile, oxygen is supplied through the tuyere 230 to combust the coal briquettes.
  • a mixture was manufactured by mixing coal and graphite. Molasses was mixed in the mixture at 8.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture to manufacture coal briquettes.
  • 1000g of coal briquettes were charged into a reaction tube maintained at 1000 °C and heat-treated for 60 minutes while rotating at 10 rotations per minute.
  • the coal briquettes obtained by heat treatment were separated.
  • a hot strength index of coal briquettes was evaluated by representing a percentage of a weight of char passed through a sieve opening of 10mm or more with respect to a weight of the entire char.
  • the experimental result is represented in the following Table 1.
  • Coal briquettes were manufactured by using coal A which was weak coking coal without coking force. An amount of volatile matter of coal A was 35%.
  • a grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes increased. That is, a ratio of the char of the coal briquettes with a grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes of 10 mm or more rapidly increased to 77.7%.
  • Coal briquettes were manufactured by using coal A which was weak coking coal without coking force. An amount of volatile matter of coal A was 35%.
  • a grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes increased. That is, a ratio of the char of the coal briquettes with a grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes of 10 mm or more rapidly increased to 91.2%.
  • Coal briquettes were manufactured by using coal A which was weak coking coal without coking force. An amount of volatile matter of coal A was 35%.
  • a grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes slightly increased. That is, a ratio of the char of the coal briquettes with a grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes of 10mm or more rapidly increased to 89%.
  • Coal briquettes were manufactured by using coal B which was coking coal having a large coking force. An amount of volatile matter of coal B was 25%.
  • a grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes increased. That is, a ratio of the char of the coal briquettes with a grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes of 10mm or more rapidly increased to 72.9%.
  • Coal briquettes were manufactured by using coal B which was coking coal having a large coking force. An amount of volatile matter of coal B was 35%.
  • a grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes increased. That is, a ratio of the char of the coal briquettes with a grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes of 10 mm or more rapidly increased to 93.2%.
  • FIG. 5(a) is a photograph of coal briquettes manufactured according to Experimental Example 5
  • FIG. 5(b) is a photograph of char obtained by heat-treating the coal briquettes of FIG. 5 (a) .
  • the char in which the shape of the coal briquettes was almost left as it is was manufactured. That is, a ratio of char of the coal briquettes with a grain diameter of 10 mm was 93.2%, and the grain diameter of the char was maintained almost the same as the grain diameter of the coal briquettes before heat treatment.
  • coal briquettes were manufactured by only coal A without adding graphite.
  • the experimental processes were the same as those of the aforementioned Experimental Example 1.
  • a ratio of large grains of 10 mm or more was very low at 12.3%, it could be seen that the coal briquettes were rapidly pyrolyzed to be differentiated into small pieces.
  • Coal briquettes were manufactured by using coal A which was weak coking coal without coking force. An amount of volatile matter of coal A was 35%.
  • a grain diameter of char of the coal briquettes was slightly decreased. That is, a ratio of char of the coal briquettes with a grain diameter of the char of the coal briquettes of 10 mm or more as 83.8 % was reduced as compared with a ratio of char of coal briquettes of Experimental Examples 1 to 5. Accordingly, it could be seen that an adding effect of graphite was deteriorated.
  • the aforementioned Experimental Examples 1 to 5 are represented in the following Table 1 by comparing them with Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
  • a mixture was manufactured by mixing coals and graphite. Molasses was mixed in the mixture at 8.5 parts by weight based on 100 weights of the mixture to manufacture coal briquettes.
  • coal briquettes charged through a hot dome part of a melter-gasifier were transformed to char, an experiment was performed in order to verify whether the strength of char was deteriorated according to an increase in size of the char.
  • the strength of the char was evaluated under the same conditions as a hot strength (CSR) measuring method of coke for metallurgy used in a blast furnace.
  • CSR hot strength
  • the char was put in an I-type drum for measuring the hot strength (CSR) of coke and rotated 600 times at 20rpm, and then the content of the remaining char with a size of 10mm or more was measured.
  • a length of the I-type drum was 600mm.
  • the experimental result is represented in the following Table 1. In the case of Comparative Example 1 without adding graphite, the char strength was 75%, but in Experimental Examples 1 to 5 with added graphite, the char strengths were increased to 80% or more.
  • Coal briquettes were manufactured by using kish graphite and crystalline graphite. In addition, the hot strength of the coal briquettes was measured.
  • Coal briquettes were manufactured by using kish graphite that is a by-product of an iron making process. Since the kish graphite was generated by precipitating a carbon component dissolved in molten iron, purity and crystallinity thereof were excellent.
  • the coal briquettes manufactured by adding kish graphite at 10wt% to coal A was transformed to char. In this case, a hot strength index of the char of the coal briquettes was 82.7%. Further, an I-drum strength index representing the char strength was relatively high at 86%.
  • Coal briquettes were manufactured by using crystalline graphite.
  • the coal briquettes manufactured by adding crystalline graphite at 10wt% to coal A was transformed to char.
  • the hot strength index of the char of the coal briquettes at 77.7% was slightly lower than the hot strength index of the char of the coal briquettes of Experimental Example 6.
  • the I-drum strength index representing the char strength as 84% was similar to the char strength of the coal briquettes of Experimental Example 6.
  • Coal briquettes including graphite at 2 wt% and using molasses as a binder was manufactured. An operation was observed by charging the coal briquettes in the melter-gasifier. The operation was continuously performed and a coal kind and a usage condition of molasses were equally maintained for a continuous operation period.
  • the hot strength of the coal briquettes, and a yield of molten iron and fuel cost of the melter-gasifier were summarized by average values for the operation period. The hot strength was represented based on +16 mm, the hot strength was largely increased by adding the graphite, the yield of molten iron largely increased by improving permeability and flowage, and the fuel cost was reduced.
  • the coal briquettes was secondarily acid-treated for 3 hours again in a hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution at 48% heated at 50°C, washed using distilled water, and then dried to manufacture a sample for analysis.
  • HF hydrofluoric acid
  • an X-ray diffraction analysis was performed by using a copper (CU) target at a speed of 1 degree/min with an acceleration voltage of 20kV at 100mA.
  • Coal briquettes including graphite of 5wt% were manufactured.
  • the rest of the experimental processes were the same as those of the aforementioned Experimental Example 1.
  • a sample for analysis was extracted according to the aforementioned method.
  • Coal briquettes including graphite at 10wt% were manufactured.
  • the rest of the experimental processes were the same as those of the aforementioned Experimental Example 1.
  • a sample for analysis was extracted according to the aforementioned method.
  • Coal briquettes including graphite are 15wt% were manufactured.
  • the rest of the experimental processes were the same as those of the aforementioned Experimental Example 1.
  • a sample for analysis was extracted according to the aforementioned method.
  • Coal briquettes including graphite of 20wt% were manufactured.
  • the rest of the experimental processes were the same as those of the aforementioned Experimental Example 1.
  • a sample for analysis was extracted according to the aforementioned method.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an X-ray diffraction graph of coal briquettes manufactured according to Experimental Examples 10 to 13 and Comparative Example 1.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP13869240.5A 2012-12-27 2013-12-16 Method for manufacturing coal briquettes, and apparatus for manufacturing said coal briquettes Not-in-force EP2940107B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020120155437A KR101405479B1 (ko) 2012-12-27 2012-12-27 성형탄 제조 방법 및 성형탄 제조 장치
PCT/KR2013/011666 WO2014104631A1 (ko) 2012-12-27 2013-12-16 성형탄 제조 방법 및 성형탄 제조 장치

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EP2940107A1 EP2940107A1 (en) 2015-11-04
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EP2940107B1 true EP2940107B1 (en) 2019-03-06

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KR101739858B1 (ko) * 2014-12-18 2017-05-25 주식회사 포스코 성형탄, 이의 제조 방법 및 장치
KR101728824B1 (ko) * 2014-12-23 2017-04-20 주식회사 포스코 성형탄 제조 방법 및 그 장치
KR102425269B1 (ko) * 2019-12-20 2022-07-25 주식회사 포스코 성형탄, 그 제조방법 및 용철 제조방법

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KR850000895B1 (ko) * 1983-06-03 1985-06-26 대진연료공업 주식회사 흑연질 무연탄을 이용한 연탄의 제조방법
KR100424849B1 (ko) * 2001-03-13 2004-03-27 (주)서신엔지니어링 저공해 고발열량 성형탄의 제조방법
KR20050077103A (ko) * 2004-01-26 2005-08-01 주식회사 포스코 넓은 입도 분포의 석탄을 직접 사용하는 용철제조장치 및이를 이용한 용철제조방법
JP4130826B2 (ja) * 2005-04-26 2008-08-06 ハイウッド株式会社 燃料用成形木炭の製造方法

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WO2014104631A1 (ko) 2014-07-03
EP2940107A4 (en) 2016-08-31
CN104884588B (zh) 2017-07-28
KR101405479B1 (ko) 2014-06-11
CN104884588A (zh) 2015-09-02
EP2940107A1 (en) 2015-11-04

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