Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
  • B29C33/12—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated means for positioning inserts, e.g. labels
  • B29C33/14—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated means for positioning inserts, e.g. labels against the mould wall
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
  • B29C43/18—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C43/36—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
  • B29C43/40—Moulds for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles with means for cutting the article
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
  • B29C70/72—Encapsulating inserts having non-encapsulated projections, e.g. extremities or terminal portions of electrical components
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
  • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
  • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
  • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
  • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
  • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
  • B62D29/001—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof characterised by combining metal and synthetic material
  • B62D29/004—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof characterised by combining metal and synthetic material the metal being over-moulded by the synthetic material, e.g. in a mould
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
  • B29L2031/3002—Superstructures characterized by combining metal and plastics, i.e. hybrid parts

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the technical field of plastic floors for motor vehicles.
• the manufacture of a motor vehicle begins with a step of shoeing, which consists in making a box in white, by welding between them different metal parts, body which is then bathed in a bath of cataphoresis to treat the surface of the metal parts and the weld points against corrosion.
• the box follows various assembly and painting steps, until a complete vehicle is obtained.
• plastic parts in the constitution of a vehicle is a success factor in the search for reduction of fuel consumption, thanks to the lightening provided by the replacement of a metal part. by a piece of plastic material, which is less dense.
• FR2915129 discloses a motor vehicle floor having inserts partially overmolded in a sheet of AMC (for Advanced Molding Compound), BMC (for Bulk Molding Compound) or SMC (for Sheet Molding Compound) thermosetting material particularly suitable for this application because of its mechanical strength and its ability to undergo the cataphoresis step without degrading.
• the inserts have areas not covered by the plastic, on which a weld can be made, which makes it possible to assemble the floor with other metal parts during the shoeing.
• the invention aims to overcome this difficulty.
• the subject of the invention is a mold for manufacturing a floor made of polymer material of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one metal insert in the form of partially overmolded sheet, that is to say having a part intended to be covered with polymeric material and a part intended not to be, said mold comprising a die and a punch defining an imprint, the imprint comprising a location for receiving the part intended to be covered with polymeric material of a metal insert, said mold being characterized in that, in this location of the imprint, the mold comprises gadroons on the die and on the punch, gadroons whose thickness is greater than a predetermined minimum thickness (H).
• H predetermined minimum thickness
• the gadroons are integral with the mold. They are formed integrally with the inner wall of the die or punch.
• the thickness (H) is determined, for a given polymeric material, as being the minimum thickness of polymeric material whose insert must be covered so that the floor is robust, that is to say for it to respond the specifications of the mechanical constraints that were defined during its design, taking into account its intended use.
• the thickness (H) is greater than or equal to 1 mm, preferably between 2 and 4 mm.
• the gadroons prevent the sheet is too close to the punch and the matrix, so the outer faces of the floor. Thus, there is enough plastic on each side of the sheet to ensure good mechanical continuity between the inserts and the rest of the floor.
• the gadroons have the same height on the punch and on the die, in order to keep the insert in the middle of the thickness of plastic material around the insert.
• each gadroon is dimensioned so as to come into contact with the insert by its free end, once the closed mold, and this free end by which the godron comes into contact with the insert is shaped to prevent the plastic to cover the sheet at the right of said end.
• the quality of this contact is particularly conditioned by the pressure with which the ends of the gadroons are applied against the inserts, this pressure being itself directly a function of the closing force of the mold and the orientation of the gadroons.
• the free end through which the tar comes into contact with the insert is shaped so that if there is an infiltration of material between said end and the insert, the material is not likely to come off. in different life situations of the floor.
• the insert is then pinched between the gadroons, which can be facing one another or staggered.
• gadroons facing or staggered depends in particular on the thickness of the insert and in particular its rigidity, if one wants to prevent it from flaming between its supports in case of offset gadroons.
• the gadroons are mainly distributed in a repetitive arrangement, for molding under a pressure of 100 bar, with inserts made of steel sheet for DC04 + ZE type bodywork according to standard NF EN 10152 ( XES quality index according to the old standard NF 36-401), the thickness of the sheet being between 0.7 mm and 2 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm, the length of the pattern being included between 20 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 20 mm and 55 mm.
• the technical effect of the repetitive arrangement is to maintain the sheet in its position over its entire length.
• the length of the repetitive arrangement is defined as a function of the molding pressure, the material and the thickness of the sheet and the direction of closure of the mold.
• each arrangement comprises three gadroons, including two gadroons close together, and the distance between these two close gadroons is 10 to 15 mm.
• the gadroons are shaped to facilitate demolding the floor.
• the contact end of the godron has a substantially trapezoidal shape, with a bottom of 1 to 2 mm and an angle draft from 1 to 3 degrees.
• the contact end of the godron may have a rectangular shape, since the demoulding is in the direction perpendicular to the contact surface.
• the subject of the invention is a floor made of polymer material of a motor vehicle, comprising at least one metal insert in the form of a partially overmolded sheet, characterized in that it comprises, in the thickness of the polymer material, at least one opening opening on said insert.
• This or these openings correspond to the locations of the gadroons in contact with the inserts during overmolding.
• the plastic floor has a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and comprises at least one partially molded insert in the form of steel sheet for body type DC04 + ZE according to standard NF EN 10152 (index of XES quality according to the old standard NF 36-401), with a thickness of 0.7 mm to 2 mm.
• polymer denotes homopolymers as well as copolymers (especially binary or ternary).
• the homopolymers are linear or branched polymers of equivalent monomer.
• copolymers include, but are not limited to: random copolymers, block copolymers, block copolymers and graft copolymers.
• a mixture of polymers or copolymers may also be used, as well as a mixture of polymeric materials with inorganic, organic and / or natural fillers such as, for example, but not limited to: carbon, salts and other inorganic derivatives, natural or polymeric fibers. It is also possible to use multilayer structures consisting of stacked and solid layers comprising at least one of the polymers or copolymers described above.
• a polymer often used is polyester, especially in a bulk composite material (BMC or AMC) or sheet (SMC).
• BMC bulk composite material
• SMC sheet
• FIG. 1 is a set of six diagrams representing a mold during an implementation of the method according to the invention
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a side insert of a floor
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an insert before a floor
• FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a rear insert of the floor of the Figure 9;
• FIG. 5 is a view along V of a portion of a floor
• FIG. 6 is a view along VI of a portion of the floor of Figure 7;
• FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a floor obtained by molding with the inserts of Figures 2 to 4;
• FIG. 8 is a sectional view along VIII-VIII of Figure 7;
• FIG. 9 is a sectional view along IX-IX of Figure 7;
• FIG. 10 is a close-up view of the part X of the diagram f of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a rear godron of the mold
• FIG. 12 is a sectional view along XII-XII of Figure 5;
• FIG. 13 is a sectional view along XIII-XIII of Figure 6.
• Figure 1 which comprises six diagrams a, b, c, d, e, f is a two-part mold in six successive steps of a method of manufacturing a piece of polymeric material.
• the mold is mounted on a press (not shown) having a fixed plate 1 and a movable plate 3.
• the mold comprises a die 5, which is mounted on the fixed plate 1 of the press, and a punch 7, mounted on the movable plate 3.
• the die is the female half (concave) of the mold, while the punch is its half male (convex).
• the mold is of the compression chamber type, which means that, during its closing movement from its open position (steps a, b, c in FIG. 1), there comes a moment when the cavity of the mold is a space closed 9, as seen in diagram d. At this time, the mold is in a closed filling position.
• the space 9 of course has a volume greater than that of the mold cavity, which is defined when the mold has reached the molding position, and which corresponds to the finished part.
• the punch 7 slides like a piston along a surface that delimits a compression chamber. The sealing of the mold vis-à-vis the material flowing in the mold to produce the finished part is in principle ensured at the compression chamber.
• the surface delimiting the compression chamber is constituted by a peripheral movable wedge 11, which can take a retracted position (step a) in the mobile part 3 of the press and an exit position (step d).
• This movable wedge 11, which, although drawn in one piece, can be in several pieces, performs two functions.
• the wedge 11 forms, with a wedging zone having a face 13 provided on the die 5, opposite the face 11a of the moving wedge 11, an immobilizing means of one or more inserts which will be described later.
• the movable wedge 11 is in one piece with a frame which is mounted on jacks 12 carried by the punch 7 so as to be able to approach the wedging zone 13 before the punch 7 slidably engages in the compression chamber.
• the wedge is a separate part of the frame, mounted on the underside thereof.
• FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 lateral metal inserts 15, front 27 and rear 29, respectively, which are intended to be placed in the mold in the open position, are seen.
• Each insert has an elongated shape that is rectilinear for the lateral inserts 15 and rear 29 of Figures 2 and 4, non-rectilinear for the front insert 27 of Figure 3.
• the lateral insert 15 is positioned on the die 5 so that a portion 15a of said insert covers the face 13 of the wedging zone and a portion 15b of said insert is housed in the mold cavity.
• the portion 15b housed in the cavity of the mold is a part of the insert 15 which is intended to be overmolded.
• This portion of each insert which is intended to be overmolded will be referred to as an "overmolded portion”.
• the portion 15a covering the face 13 is a portion which is intended to protrude from the molded part.
• This last portion 15a of the insert 15 will be referred to as the "uncovered portion”.
• the boundary 15c called the overmolding limit, between the portion 15b intended to be overmoulded and the exposed portion 15a, is an immaterial line. schematically by a broken line in Figure 2.
• the same overmoulding limit 27c exists between the exposed portions 27a and overmolded 27b of the front insert 27.
• the overmolding limits 15c, 27c and 29c extend from a first end A of each insert to an opposite end B of said insert, without leaving the insert and approximately following its edge 15d, 27d, 29d which is not not necessarily straight.
• each of the inserts has particular outlines that are specific to the floor model to be obtained. Similarly, each insert has a cross section bent at a particular angle which may be different from one insert to another or from one location to another of the length of the same insert. These specificities of form inserts will not be described in detail in the present description.
• each insert 15, 27, 29 comprises fastening holes 21 intended to be filled by the plastic for a good holding of the sheet, as known to those skilled in the art.
• the lateral insert 15 includes centering holes 19 to center it in the direction of its length, the X direction (see Figure 9).
• the mold comprises lateral flutes 10 (see also Figure 10), front (not shown) and rear 30 (see Figure 11) on the die 5 and the punch 7 or the shim.
• the gadroons 10 are forms integral with the mold, formed in one piece with the inner wall of the die 5 or the punch 7.
• the gadroons 10 are arranged to come into contact with the inserts 15 on either side, so that to maintain them in a predetermined position during the molding of the floor, away from the walls of the footprint.
• Each godron 10, respectively 30, is dimensioned so as to come into contact with the insert 15, respectively 27, 29 by its free end 32, respectively 33 (see FIG. 11), once the mold is closed, and the free end contact 32, 33 with the corresponding insert is shaped to prevent the plastic material 11 to cover the sheet at said end 32, 33.
• the rear godron 30 is seen in detail.
• the rear flutes 30 are shaped to facilitate demolding of the floor in the direction Z.
• the free end 33 of the godron (intended to come into contact with the insert) has a substantially trapezoidal shape whose width increases following the demolding direction Z, with a bottom e of 1 to 2 mm, a draft angle of 1 to 3 degrees on the length L of 25 mm and an overmolding thickness H of 2 mm.
• the rear godets 30 are mainly distributed according to a repetitive arrangement 43, for molding under a pressure of 100 bars, with inserts made of sheet steel of the XES type (standard NF 36-401). , the thickness of the sheet being 0.67 mm.
• the length P of the pattern is 50 mm.
• Each arrangement 43 comprises three gadroons 30, including two gadroons close together, the distance E between these two close gadroons being 10 mm.
• the lateral flutes 10 are shaped to facilitate the demolding of the floor in the direction Z.
• the contact end 32 of the godron 10 has a substantially rectangular shape whose overmolding length L is 25 mm and the width is 1 to 2 mm (preferably 1 mm). Its thickness H is 2 mm.
• the lateral flutes 10 are mainly distributed according to a repetitive arrangement 41, for molding under a pressure of 100 bars, with inserts made of sheet steel of XES type (standard NF 36-401). , the thickness of the sheet being 0.67 mm. The length P of the pattern of 50 mm.
• Each arrangement 41 comprises comprises two gadroons 10, the distance between these two gadroons 10 being 10 to 15 mm.
• the material used for molding is a thermosetting plastic type SMC (for "sheet molding coumpound”). It is deposited in the open mold, on the die 5, substantially in the middle of the cavity although this is not a necessity, in the form of a blank 17, as is known.
• SMC thermosetting plastic type SMC
• the step of depositing the material in the mold in the open position is illustrated by the diagram c of FIG.
• a first step illustrated by diagram a, the mold is in the open position: the punch 7 is removed from the die 5 and the movable wedge 11 is retracted into the punch 7.
• a second step illustrated by diagram b, the front 27, side 15 and rear 29 inserts are positioned on the wedging zone 13 of the matrix, with their overmoulded portions 15b, 27b and 29b housed in the location 8 of the impression and resting on the gadroons 10, 30 of the matrix 5.
• a sheet of SMC 17 is deposited in the middle of the cavity, on the matrix 5.
• the second and third steps can be confused or made in a different order.
• the movable part 3 is close to the fixed part 1, but without closing mold, that is to say without any of the elements of the upper half of the mold, to namely the punch 7 and the movable wedge 11, comes into contact with one of the elements of the lower half of the mold, namely the matrix 5.
• the mold has not yet reached its closed filling positions.
• a fifth step the cylinders 12 are actuated to lower the movable wedge 11 towards the wedging zone 13 of the matrix, as illustrated by the diagram d.
• the face 11a of the movable wedge 11 comes to bear against the exposed portions 15a, 27a and 29a of the front inserts 27, lateral 15 and rear 29, firmly blocking them in position against the face 13 of the wedging zone.
• the movable wedge 11 fulfills its two functions: on the one hand, it holds the inserts in position in order to fill the impression of the mold by creep of the material 17, on the other hand, it constitutes a chamber of compression.
• the mold cavity, delimited by the punch 7, the movable wedge 11 and the die 5, is closed, but does not yet define the shape of the part to be obtained.
• the mold is in the closed position of filling.
• the moving part 3 of the press continues its path towards the fixed part 1.
• the punch 7 continues its movement by sliding like a piston in the hold 11.
• the shim 11 remains stationary in abutment against the inserts 15, while the cylinders 12 fold without reducing the pressure of the inserts.
• the inner face 11b of the mobile wedge 11 constitutes the side wall of the compression chamber against which the punch 7 slides.
• the reduction of the volume of the impression and the pasty state of the plastic material 17 have the effect that the material plastic 17 completely fills the cavity of the mold by creep and in particular covers the parts 15b, 27b, 29b inserts 15, 27, 29 which are housed in the slot 8 of the mold cavity.
• the flutes 10, 30 of the punch have come into contact with the overmoulded portions 15b, 27b, 29b of the inserts and the mold is in the molding position.
• the plastic material completely filled the cavity of the mold, but was prevented by the gadroons 10, 30 from coming to the right of them on the overmoulded portions 15b, 27b, 29b of the inserts.
• Due to the fact that the shim 11 is separated from the punch by the jacks 12, the support of the shim 11 on the exposed parts 15a, 27a, 29a of the inserts 15, 27, 29 is not disturbed by the support of the gadroons 10, 30 on the overmolded parts 15b, 27b, 29b of the inserts. In other words, there is no hyper-droop.
• the volume of the impression between the punch 7, the movable wedge 11 and the matrix 5 is that of the finished part.
• a seventh step illustrated by the diagram f, the movable part 3 of the press is set in motion in the direction of the opening of the mold.
• the movable wedge 11 remains this time secured to the punch 7 and goes back with him, thus placing the mold in the fully open position.
• Ejectors 19, provided in the die 5, lift the molded floor 20. This is then released and the ejector 19 retracted, allowing the resumption of a molding cycle starting from the step illustrated by the diagram a .
• the direction of the molding being vertical, that is to say in the direction Z, we note that the overmolded portions 15b, 27b of the lateral inserts 15 and before 27 are non-perpendicular, while the overmolded portion 29b of the rear insert 29 is horizontal, is perpendicular to the direction of molding.
• FIGS. 10 and 11 respectively illustrating a sectional view of the lateral insert 15 and the rear insert 29.
• the inserts are inclined relative to the direction of molding.
• the thickness of the sheet of the inserts is 0.7 to 2 mm and the thickness H of the plastic is 2 to 5 mm.
• FIGS. 5 and 7 show the overmolded portion 15b in dotted lines, covered by the plastics material 17.
• Notches 51 are formed in the plastics material by the gadroons 10 of the mold.
• the floor 20 comprises openings (notches 51) opening on the inserts, in the thickness of the plastic material 17.
• a notch is complementary to the shape of a gadroon.
• each zone 53 of the overmolded portion 15b where there is a notch 51 complementary to a godron 10 the insert 15 is not covered by the plastics material 11.
• Each zone 53 extends over the entire flat portion of the overmolded portion 15b of the insert, but stops in the rounded portion of the insert which leads to its exposed portion 15a.
• the rounding of the insert is covered with plastic material 52, although the godron is to the right.
• the free end 32 of the godron 10 comprises a recess which, at the boundary between the zone 53 and the material plastic 52, clearly separates the free end 32 of the rounding of the insert, so that the plastic layer 52 is sufficiently thick and therefore resistant.
• the diameters of the attachment holes 21 may vary from 4 to 10 mm.
• the diameter of the attachment holes 21a which are between the two close gadgets 10a and 10b is 5mm.
• the other hanging holes have a diameter of 6mm.
• the distance between each of the close godrons 10a or 10b and its neighbor godron is 19mm.
• FIG. 6 shows the overmolded portion 29b and the unmolded portion 29a of the rear insert 29.
• the overmolded portion 29b is covered by the plastic material 17, except in each zone 63 of the overmolded portion 29b where a notch 61 complementary to a godron 30.
• the notches 61 are formed by the rear flutes 30 of the mold which are distributed according to the repetitive arrangement 43.
• the diameters of the attachment holes 21 may vary from 4 to 10 mm.
• the diameter of the attachment holes 21a which are between the two gadroons of the same pattern 43 is 5mm.
• the other hanging holes have a diameter of 6mm.
• FIG. 12 There is shown a sectional view of a notch 51 on the side insert 15 in Figure 12.
• the edge 55 of the notch 51 is substantially perpendicular to the overmold portion 15b of the insert. It is understood that the wall of the godron 10 corresponding to this edge extends substantially perpendicularly to this overmolded portion 15b of the insert.
• two gadroons 10 are present face to face on the die 5 and the punch 7, so as to form two notches 51 on each side of the same area 53 of the insert.
• FIG. 13 There is shown a sectional view of a notch 61 on the rear insert 29 in FIG. 13.
• the edge 65 of the notch 61 is inclined with respect to the overmolded portion 29b of the insert 29, with an angle of 30 ° to 87 °, to facilitate demolding in the direction Z. It is understood that the wall of the godron 30 corresponding to this edge is also inclined relative to the direction Z.
• two gadroons 30 are also present face to face on the die 5 and the punch 7, so as to form two notches 61 on each side of the same area 63 of the insert.
• the gadroons 10 or 30 are arranged offset on the die and the punch.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
• Passenger Equipment (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-12-28 FR FR1262949A patent/FR3000422B1/fr active Active
• 2013
  • 2013-12-27 KR KR1020157020257A patent/KR102065811B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2013-12-27 WO PCT/FR2013/053269 patent/WO2014102509A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2013-12-27 EP EP13821893.8A patent/EP2938533A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-12-27 MX MX2015007106A patent/MX359016B/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2013-12-27 US US14/655,425 patent/US9855683B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-12-27 CN CN201380068002.8A patent/CN105189265B/zh active Active

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