EP2918962A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une douille - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une douille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2918962A1
EP2918962A1 EP14158975.4A EP14158975A EP2918962A1 EP 2918962 A1 EP2918962 A1 EP 2918962A1 EP 14158975 A EP14158975 A EP 14158975A EP 2918962 A1 EP2918962 A1 EP 2918962A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
cartridge case
workpiece parts
parts
joining
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14158975.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2918962B1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Fahrenbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
L Schuler GmbH
Original Assignee
L Schuler GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by L Schuler GmbH filed Critical L Schuler GmbH
Priority to EP14158975.4A priority Critical patent/EP2918962B1/fr
Publication of EP2918962A1 publication Critical patent/EP2918962A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2918962B1 publication Critical patent/EP2918962B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/26—Cartridge cases
    • F42B5/28—Cartridge cases of metal, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/18—Making uncoated products by impact extrusion
    • B21C23/186—Making uncoated products by impact extrusion by backward extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
    • B21K21/04—Shaping thin-walled hollow articles, e.g. cartridges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a cartridge case.
  • cartridge cases are made of a material with sufficient strength so that the cartridge case does not tear when igniting the charge and jammed in the chamber.
  • cartridge cases are made of brass. Brass has the disadvantage that the cartridges are very heavy. Especially with the loading of vehicles or aircraft, this weight is disadvantageous.
  • beats DE 1 007 215 to use a pulled out of aluminum sleeve in another, pushed over plastic sleeve. This is intended to prevent tearing of the aluminum during the shot through the elastic plastic.
  • a cartridge case made of aluminum is also made DE 75 823 known. There, the bottom of the cartridge case is provided with a jacket or insert of a stronger material such as steel or brass.
  • DE 21 36 77 to make the bottom piece from a separate part and to connect form-fitting with the jacket made of aluminum.
  • the two parts are positively connected with each other.
  • DE 24 39 99 describes a cartridge case in which a cup-shaped bottom is made of nickel, in which subsequently a jacket of the cartridge case forming aluminum sleeve is used. By pressure and heat, the two parts are connected. In these methods, the two parts must be made separately and then joined together.
  • Out DE 23 69 70 is known a cartridge case, in which a plated sheet is used as the starting material for the production.
  • a coating of aluminum or an aluminum alloy is applied to a thin steel sheet.
  • care is taken that the aluminum coating is on the outside to protect the cartridge case from corrosion.
  • the cartridge case thus has a full stainless steel sheath to protect the steel.
  • a first workpiece part from a metal-containing first material and a second workpiece part made of a metal-containing second material may each be an aluminum alloy in one embodiment.
  • the hardness or strength of the second material is greater than that of the first material, which can be effected by different processing methods or alloying components.
  • Each of the workpiece parts has a joining surface, wherein the two workpiece parts are connected flat at their joining surfaces.
  • a workpiece is produced, which is subsequently shaped in a press to form the cartridge case.
  • the forming of the workpiece is carried out by extrusion.
  • the closed bottom portion of the second material of the second workpiece part and the shell portion consists essentially of the first material of the first workpiece part.
  • An overlap area may exist between the bottom portion and the skirt portion by having both materials present.
  • the metal oxide layer is an aluminum oxide layer.
  • Such an oxide layer prevents a sufficiently strong connection, which in the subsequent forming leads to the fact that the cartridge case in the transition region between the two materials has weak points at which the cartridge case can break or break when the charge ignites.
  • the cartridge case thus produced has in the bottom portion of a sufficiently high strength, which withstands the charges when igniting the charge. In addition, the weight of the cartridge case is reduced.
  • the metal oxide layer can be removed by pickling, by heat or laser treatment and the two workpiece parts are then connected to one another by plating, in particular roll-plating.
  • This method is particularly suitable for total thickness of the workpiece of up to about 3 mm. As far as can be made of such a workpiece cartridge cases with a small caliber.
  • the metal oxide layer may be formed by using a solder or bonding material as an intermediate layer be rendered harmless during plating or roll cladding, so to speak.
  • a material is used for plating or roll cladding which has a higher oxygen affinity than the metal of the first and second material.
  • a copper-based material is suitable as a material for the intermediate layer when the first and / or the second material contains aluminum.
  • the joining surface is formed on a workpiece such that it does not run parallel to the joining surface of the other workpiece part. Rather, the one joining surface, starting from all side edges, rises to a projecting point in a central region of the joining surface.
  • the relevant workpiece part in the region of the joining surface have a conical, a pyramidal, a frusto-conical or a truncated pyramidal shape. When juxtaposed, therefore, a wedge-shaped gap is formed around the protruding point.
  • the two paddles are applied at high speed starting from this projecting point to each other, wherein the metal oxide present on the two joining surfaces is discharged in all directions from the gap and eject so to speak laterally. It creates a solid weld.
  • the two Joining surfaces are preferably designed as flat surfaces. Due to the relative rotation of the two joining surfaces against each other during friction welding, the metal oxide layer is removed and the metal oxide is discharged radially outward, so that here too a firm connection is created between the two workpiece parts.
  • the workpiece which consists of the first material and the second material, is produced by casting in a casting mold.
  • the casting mold has two mold sections separated from each other by a movable partition wall.
  • the liquefied first or second material is filled into the respective associated mold section.
  • the gradual or continuous slow withdrawal of the partition during solidification of the two materials the two materials are connected flat. This process can be carried out in the absence of oxygen, so that no metal oxide layer can form in the bonding region of the two materials and thus a firm connection between the two materials in the production of the workpiece by casting arises.
  • the first material may be formed by an aluminum alloy which in particular does not contain copper.
  • the shell portion of the cartridge case can be deformed without heat treatment, for example, to collect the end portion in the region of the open end of the cartridge case.
  • a second material for example, aluminum, brass or steel may be used or an alloy having at least one of these constituents.
  • the thickness of the layer of the first material is greater than the thickness of the layer of the second material of the workpiece produced for forming.
  • the thickness of the layer of the first material 12 to 14 mm and the thickness of the layer of the second material 6 to 8 mm are examples of the thickness of the layer of the first material 12 to 14 mm and the thickness of the layer of the second material 6 to 8 mm.
  • a cylindrical sleeve is first produced, for example by a one-stage or multi-stage extrusion process. Subsequently, the diameter of the end portion becomes the open end of the cylindrical sleeve reduced, the sleeve is thus retracted in the end section. This retraction takes place in particular without prior heat. After retraction, the cartridge case is cut to length by a separation process to the desired length. Before or after drawing in, the bottom section is reshaped. In this case, for example, a ignition hole and / or an ejector groove can be produced.
  • connection methods In all of these connection methods, a stable connection between the two workpiece parts can be achieved very cost-effectively before forming.
  • the forming itself can be done with high stroke rates.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a cartridge case 20, as in FIG. 10h is shown schematically.
  • the cartridge case 20 has a bottom portion 21 on which the cartridge case 20 is closed.
  • a jacket portion 22 connects.
  • the cartridge case 20 is at least partially hollow cylindrical or conical and has a cavity 23 for receiving a propellant charge.
  • the cartridge case 20 to the cavity 23 is open.
  • the cartridge case 20 is made of two different materials. Both materials contain or consist of metal.
  • a first material W1 is formed in the embodiment of a copper-free aluminum alloy.
  • a second material W2 has a greater hardness than the first material W1 and is also formed in the exemplary embodiment by a comparison with the aluminum alloy of the first material W1 harder aluminum alloy.
  • the second material W2 could also be brass or steel or an alloy of one of these components.
  • a workpiece 25 is produced.
  • the workpiece 25 serves as a starting material for the forming.
  • the cartridge case 20 is produced by forming, as will be described later with reference to FIGS. 10a to 10h will be explained.
  • the workpiece 25 can be manufactured in various ways.
  • FIG. 9 a first embodiment of a manufacturing method for producing the workpiece 25 is illustrated.
  • a mold 30 having two mold sections 32, 33 separated from each other by a movable partition 31 is provided.
  • the mold sections 32, 33 form a cavity in the mold 30, which corresponds to the shape of the workpiece 25 to be produced. In FIG. 9 this is illustrated only in a very schematic way.
  • first material W1 and second material W2 liquefied in the respective other mold section 33 are filled into one mold section 32.
  • the partition wall 31 is gradually pulled out of the mold 30, so that the still flowable materials W1, W2 directly contact each other and establish a connection with each other.
  • This process can take place in the absence of an oxygen atmosphere, so that no metal oxide layer and, in the exemplary embodiment, no aluminum oxide layer can form on the joining surface between the first material W1 and the second material W2.
  • a workpiece 25 is made as shown in FIG FIG. 2 schematically illustrated in side view.
  • the two materials W1, W2 abut each other directly at a joint.
  • the workpiece 25 thus has a layered structure and consists of a first workpiece part 37 of the first workpiece material W1 and a second workpiece part 38 of the second material W2.
  • the two workpiece parts 37, 38 may in particular have a circular peripheral shape.
  • the workpiece 25 preferably has a cylindrical shape.
  • the thickness D 1 of the first workpiece part 37 can be different and in particular greater than the thickness D 2 of the second workpiece part 38.
  • the thickness D 2 of the second workpiece part 38 essentially corresponds to the thickness of the bottom section 21 of the cartridge shell 20 to be produced.
  • the thickness D 1 of the first workpiece part 37 is depending on the length of the shell portion 22 of the cartridge case 20 predetermined.
  • the two workpiece parts 37, 38 are provided in particular separately and joined together flat by a joining process.
  • the first workpiece part 37 has a first joining surface 39 and the second workpiece part 38 has a second joining surface 40.
  • the circular peripheral shape can already be present or produced in the two workpiece parts 37, 38 before the joining process or the circular Umfrangsform for the workpiece 25 may alternatively by connecting a sheet-metal or band-shaped workpiece parts 37, 38 by a separation process, such as cutting or Punching, to be obtained.
  • two band-shaped or sheet-shaped workpiece parts 37, 38 are connected to one another by plating and, for example, by roll-plating.
  • the metal oxide layer is removed by pickling, by heat or using a laser prior to roll-plating.
  • a good connection to the joining surfaces 39, 40 can subsequently be achieved during roll cladding. It arises after joining and leaving a workpiece 25 according to FIG. 2 ,
  • the metal oxide layer 41 may remain on the workpiece parts 37, 38 and an intermediate layer 42 between the two workpieces 37, 38 are used for welding by roll cladding.
  • the intermediate layer 42 is made of a material having a higher oxygen affinity than the metal of the first material W1 and the second material W2. In the embodiment, therefore, the intermediate layer must have a greater oxygen affinity than aluminum.
  • a copper-based material may be used as the intermediate layer. Because of the greater oxygen affinity of the intermediate layer 42, a firm connection is created between the two workpiece parts 37, 38 without the aluminum oxide layer or metal oxide layer 41 having to be removed beforehand. It arises after joining and leaving a workpiece 25 according to FIG. 3 ,
  • FIG. 6 is highly schematic illustrates the possibility of connecting the two workpiece parts 37, 38 by capacitor discharge welding.
  • a high voltage is applied to the two workpiece parts 37, 38, to which a capacitor has been previously charged.
  • a projection or an elevation 46 is provided on one of the two workpiece parts 37, 38 and, according to the example, on the first workpiece part 37.
  • the elevation 46 may be designed with a similar cross-section, for example a circular cross-section.
  • the elevation 46 is present on the first joining surface 39. Only on the survey 46 are the two workpiece parts 37, 38 initially against each other. In addition to the elevation 46 thus initially remains a gap between the two joining surfaces 39, 40 of the workpiece parts 37, 38.
  • the capacitor voltage applied to the two workpiece parts 37, 38 flows through the survey 46, a current with high current density.
  • the survey 46 is melted thereby and it can develop a plasma cloud.
  • the molten material is displaced from the elevation 46 through the gap to the outside.
  • the metal oxide layers 41 at the joining surfaces 39, 40 are removed and the two workpiece parts 37, 38 are welded together firmly.
  • the elevation 46 is preferably present in a middle section of the respective joining surfaces 39, 40. The result is a workpiece 25, as shown schematically in FIG FIG. 2 is illustrated.
  • FIG. 7 Another possibility for connecting the two workpiece parts 37, 38 is in FIG. 7 shown.
  • the workpiece parts 37, 38 are connected to each other by pulse magnetic welding.
  • a profile which rises from the edge of the first joining surface 39 to a projecting point of the first joining surface 39 is present on one of the joining surfaces 39, 40 and, according to the example, on the first joining surface 39.
  • the first joining surface 39 may therefore have the shape of the shell of a pyramid, a truncated pyramid, a cone or a truncated cone.
  • the first joining surface 39 has a conical surface shape, so that the first workpiece part 37 rests against the tip 47 of the cone on the second workpiece part 38. The height of the gap between the two joining surfaces 39, 40 thus increases starting from the tip 47 toward the edge of the two joining surfaces 39, 40.
  • a magnetic field M is generated, which acts at least on the first workpiece part 37 and there causes a force that presses the first workpiece part 37 on the second workpiece part 38 back.
  • the force acting on the workpiece part 37 a force cause large forming speed, wherein the first joining surface 39, starting from the tip 47 gradually applies to the second joining surface 40 of the second workpiece part 38.
  • the metal oxide layers 41 are blasted off at the two joining surfaces 39, 40 and removed to the outside through the wedge-shaped gap. In this method, a firm connection between the two materials W1, W2 of the two workpiece parts 37, 38 is achieved and there is a workpiece 25 as shown schematically in Figure 2.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further possibility for connecting the two workpiece parts 37, 38 by friction welding.
  • the two joining surfaces 39, 40 are parallel to each other in this method and are aligned at right angles to a rotation axis D.
  • friction welding for example, one of the two workpiece parts 37, 38 is driven to rotate about the axis of rotation D and at the same time the two joining surfaces 39, 40 of the two workpiece parts 37, 38 are pressed against each other.
  • the two metal oxide layers 41 at the joining surfaces 39, 40 are abraded, as it were, and the metal oxide is pressed radially outward with respect to the axis of rotation D. Due to the frictional heat of the first material W1 and / or the second material W2 are liquefied and interconnected.
  • the metal oxide layer 41 is first removed before a welding together of the two materials W1, W2 takes place. Also in this method, a workpiece 25 is produced, as shown schematically in FIG FIG. 2 is shown.
  • FIGS. 10a to 10h various stages of the forming process starting from the workpiece 25 to the finished cartridge case 20 are illustrated.
  • a workpiece 25 both the in FIG. 2 shown schematically workpiece 25 are used, in which the two materials W1, W2 of the two workpiece parts 37, 38 abut directly against each other at the joint, or it can the workpiece 25 according to FIG. 3 be used, in which at the joint between the first material W1 and the second material W2, an intermediate layer 42 is present.
  • a cup 55 (so-called "cup"). This can be done for example by ironing or drawing or extrusion.
  • a cylindrical sleeve 56 is produced from the cup 55, for example by extrusion (US Pat. FIG. 10d ).
  • This forming process of the cup 55 in the cylindrical sleeve 56 may also include one or more intermediate stages 57, which is exemplified in FIG. 10c is illustrated.
  • the cylindrical sleeve 56 has the bottom portion 21, which consists of the second material W2, to which the shell portion 22 made of the first material W1 connects.
  • a third step FIG. 10e
  • an ignition hole 58 in the bottom portion 21 along the central longitudinal axis of the cylindrical sleeve 56 is introduced.
  • the open end 24 having end portion 59 of the cylindrical sleeve 56 is formed by retraction, so that the Diameter of the cylindrical sleeve 56 in the region of the end portion 59 is smaller than in the part of the Mandelabismes 22, which adjoins the bottom portion 21.
  • the end portion 59 has a conical portion 59a and a cylindrical portion 59b having the open end of the cylindrical sleeve 56.
  • the retraction of the cylindrical sleeve 56 in the end portion 59 is shown schematically in FIG. 10f shown.
  • the first material W1 can be reshaped without supplying heat first.
  • an ejector groove 60 may be inserted into the bottom portion 21.
  • the ejector groove 60 is annular and open radially outward. It is used in automatic weapons to eject the cartridge case 20 after the ignition of the propellant charge.
  • an annular part in the region of the open end 24 is separated, so that the cartridge case 20, the desired length and a straight edge at the open end 24 receives.
  • the separation can be carried out for example by means of a pulse magnetic separation process.
  • the invention relates to a process for the preparation a cartridge case 20.
  • the cartridge case 20 is to reduce its weight from a lightweight first material W1 in a shell portion 22 and a solid second material W2 in a bottom portion 21.
  • a first material W1 example, a copper-free aluminum alloy is used.
  • the first material W1 is non-deformable without heat.
  • the second material W2 also an aluminum alloy can be used, which has a greater hardness compared to the aluminum alloy of the first material W1.
  • the two materials W1, W2 are connected together to produce a workpiece 25.
  • a casting method can be used for this purpose.
  • a metal oxide layer 41 forming on the joining surfaces 39, 40 is removed before or during the connection or rendered harmless by the use of an additional intermediate layer 42.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
EP14158975.4A 2014-03-11 2014-03-11 Procédé de fabrication d'une douille Not-in-force EP2918962B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14158975.4A EP2918962B1 (fr) 2014-03-11 2014-03-11 Procédé de fabrication d'une douille

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14158975.4A EP2918962B1 (fr) 2014-03-11 2014-03-11 Procédé de fabrication d'une douille

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EP2918962A1 true EP2918962A1 (fr) 2015-09-16
EP2918962B1 EP2918962B1 (fr) 2018-04-18

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021259643A1 (fr) * 2020-06-23 2021-12-30 Diehl Metall Stiftung & Co. Kg Pièce de base destinée à produire un boîtier de cartouche et boîtier de cartouche, procédé de production d'une pièce de base pour un boîtier de cartouche, et procédé de production d'un boîtier de cartouche

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE213677C (fr)
DE236970C (fr)
DE75823C (de) E. POLTE in Magdeburg-Sudenburg, Breiteweg 34 Patronenhülse aus Aluminium
DE243999C (fr)
CH5650A (de) * 1892-09-22 1893-04-29 E Rubin Neue Patronenhülse
DE700255C (de) 1936-09-07 1940-12-16 Aluminium Ind Akt Ges Herstellung dieser Huelse
US2244367A (en) * 1939-06-10 1941-06-03 Kinkead Robert Emerson Making composite metal articles
FR971326A (fr) * 1939-06-30 1951-01-16 S E D I P Soc D Exportation Et Douille de cartouche pour projectile et moyens de fabrication de ladite douille
US2691815A (en) * 1951-01-04 1954-10-19 Metals & Controls Corp Solid phase bonding of metals
DE1007215B (de) 1953-12-30 1957-04-25 Lars Ringdal Patronenhuelse aus Leichtmetall
CH503966A (de) 1970-01-15 1971-02-28 Harvey Aluminum Inc Geschosshülse aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US3659528A (en) * 1969-12-24 1972-05-02 Texas Instruments Inc Composite metal cartridge case
JPS5216899A (en) * 1975-07-30 1977-02-08 Tech Res & Dev Inst Of Japan Def Agency Cartridge
DE10302458A1 (de) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-05 Schuler Held Lasertechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Maschine und Verfahren zur Massivumformung

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE213677C (fr)
DE236970C (fr)
DE75823C (de) E. POLTE in Magdeburg-Sudenburg, Breiteweg 34 Patronenhülse aus Aluminium
DE243999C (fr)
CH5650A (de) * 1892-09-22 1893-04-29 E Rubin Neue Patronenhülse
DE700255C (de) 1936-09-07 1940-12-16 Aluminium Ind Akt Ges Herstellung dieser Huelse
US2244367A (en) * 1939-06-10 1941-06-03 Kinkead Robert Emerson Making composite metal articles
FR971326A (fr) * 1939-06-30 1951-01-16 S E D I P Soc D Exportation Et Douille de cartouche pour projectile et moyens de fabrication de ladite douille
US2691815A (en) * 1951-01-04 1954-10-19 Metals & Controls Corp Solid phase bonding of metals
DE1007215B (de) 1953-12-30 1957-04-25 Lars Ringdal Patronenhuelse aus Leichtmetall
US3659528A (en) * 1969-12-24 1972-05-02 Texas Instruments Inc Composite metal cartridge case
CH503966A (de) 1970-01-15 1971-02-28 Harvey Aluminum Inc Geschosshülse aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
JPS5216899A (en) * 1975-07-30 1977-02-08 Tech Res & Dev Inst Of Japan Def Agency Cartridge
DE10302458A1 (de) * 2003-01-23 2004-08-05 Schuler Held Lasertechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Maschine und Verfahren zur Massivumformung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021259643A1 (fr) * 2020-06-23 2021-12-30 Diehl Metall Stiftung & Co. Kg Pièce de base destinée à produire un boîtier de cartouche et boîtier de cartouche, procédé de production d'une pièce de base pour un boîtier de cartouche, et procédé de production d'un boîtier de cartouche

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