EP2907115B1 - Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion - Google Patents

Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2907115B1
EP2907115B1 EP13807894.4A EP13807894A EP2907115B1 EP 2907115 B1 EP2907115 B1 EP 2907115B1 EP 13807894 A EP13807894 A EP 13807894A EP 2907115 B1 EP2907115 B1 EP 2907115B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
detector
fire
mono
module
ring bus
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EP13807894.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2907115A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Thorwarth
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Telesystems Thorwarth GmbH
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Telesystems Thorwarth GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/04—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using a single signalling line, e.g. in a closed loop

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for monitoring and early fire detection for several fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housings, such as switch and distribution cabinets and electrical engineering devices, IT cabinets and devices, and devices of all sizes and designs of ventilation, air conditioning - and cooling technology (eg convection cooling, water cooling, radiation cooling).
  • switch and distribution cabinets and electrical engineering devices e.g convection cooling, water cooling, radiation cooling.
  • IT cabinets and devices e.g convection cooling, water cooling, radiation cooling.
  • fire detectors are used for room monitoring.
  • a typical example of this is the solution according to DE 602 16 295 T2 by means of which the hold of an aircraft is to be monitored.
  • fire detectors are arranged in grated niches which are provided for the installation of these fire detectors and which are always arranged in the same place in the room for every aircraft of this type and also for every load / freight.
  • Two smoke detectors are arranged in each of these niches, of which each of the smoke detectors of the pair of smoke detectors of each niche are each connected to one another via a separate linear CAN-BUS system.
  • smoke detectors are used as individual detectors for room monitoring, the structure of which, for example, in the DE 197 33 375 A1 is described.
  • a wide variety of detection principles and detection criteria such as e.g. Scattered light, temperature change or particle size, type of aerosol etc., used with the most diverse signal processing algorithms for smoke and temperature and or CO detection in the designs of smoke or multi-criteria detectors.
  • Such individual detectors are for example in the EP 0338218 A1 and the US 8,154,415 B2 described in different designs.
  • the Indian EP 1630758 A2 The multi-criteria smoke detector described above, a scattered light smoke detector is characterized by a high level of false alarm security and a short response time.
  • detectors are used on the one hand as built-in devices for fixed installation at fixed points (e.g. front installation) or only for certain housings (e.g. PC). In this design, these detectors are then regularly separated, i.e. Standalone, operated.
  • This chimney effect is reinforced by the fact that a chimney made of sheet metal is placed on the vessel to be monitored, in which the individually operated detector is then arranged.
  • the prior art also specifies monitoring principles for monitoring several buildings or devices, with special arrangements of individual detectors, in which these aforementioned individual detectors are used and coupled to one another.
  • This solution is equipped with a mechanical pulse generator (cam wheel).
  • the ring-shaped arrangement of subscribers which is referred to as ring bus in electronics today, is also found in the DE 297 18 099 U1 for controlling fire protection and smoke extraction dampers in smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems. This in the DE 297 18 099 U1 In the event of a short circuit, however, the system described is not able to selectively activate an individual bus subscriber; rather, this can only be done for one of the ring elements then remaining, which inevitably leads to the failure of the ring segment concerned.
  • this solution has the disadvantage, among other things, that in addition to the sensor, a power supply unit and an evaluation unit (in a housing) must always be installed on-site, which not only results in a high space requirement, but also a higher cost, energy losses, or a high cost decentralized battery monitoring and care results.
  • This system is also based on the use of open, linear buses with the resulting extensive, "tree-like branching" of the systems.
  • Short-circuiting or interruption of a "branch” also lead to partial or total failure of the system, as well as a non-existent or insufficiently maintained (because decentralized) emergency power supply.
  • the emergency power supply used in this solution by means of decentralized backup batteries in the cabinet installation modules also have the same problems as in connection with the solution according to the EP 1 413 997 A2 described (high maintenance costs, lack of monitoring, increasing uncertainty about the available battery capacity after a long period of operation, etc.).
  • the system In addition to visual / acoustic messages, the system also enables switching operations (e.g. switching on the extinguishing system / s), but this property appears very risky, for example, in IP cabinets, since the damage caused by a false alarm can be very high.
  • auxiliary devices such as power supply, evaluation unit, local signaling, etc. are accommodated in a housing in addition to the sensor (s). This in turn results in a large, larger installation volume and high energy consumption.
  • This smoke aspiration principle has the monitoring and early fire detection for fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housings, such as control and distribution cabinets and electrical engineering devices, IT cabinets and IT devices, as well as devices of all sizes and designs of ventilation, air conditioning - and cooling technology (eg convection cooling, water cooling, radiation cooling) is currently the most widespread.
  • vessels e.g. switchgear and control cabinets
  • ignition sources e.g. electrical components
  • smoke aspiration systems regardless of their design and sensor technology, are relatively expensive because they each require a complex infrastructure for one or two highly sensitive smoke detectors (fan and filter unit, their own power and emergency power supply, their own control and function monitoring, monitoring of the sensitive pneumatic smoke aspiration system, system control , Forwarding, calculated and calibrated raw system etc.) is required, whereby the suction of the air to be detected is also carried out via a pipe system with moving (wear) parts, fan module (s), complex energy, control and monitoring devices, filter units and only indirectly with the smoke suction systems ( RAS) pipe system to be checked.
  • highly sensitive smoke detectors fan and filter unit, their own power and emergency power supply, their own control and function monitoring, monitoring of the sensitive pneumatic smoke aspiration system, system control , Forwarding, calculated and calibrated raw system etc.
  • the smoke suction pipes generally have smoke suction openings that are precisely calculated in terms of distance and size, via which individual vessels or monitoring zones in the vessels are then to be detected. Since the openings are passive, malfunctions (eg closure by dust, objects, insects, etc.) can only be detected indirectly via air pressure evaluations. This in turn is complex and not always reliable due to other disturbances (fluctuations in air pressure). In addition, they have to be re-measured during commissioning and after each change.
  • the aerosol concentration at the detector (regardless of the type) causing the fire is in principle only a maximum of 20% of the concentration at the source of the fire.
  • a decisive system disadvantage of RAS is the inaccurate identifiability of the smoke suction hole through which the smoke particles enter.
  • RAS cannot be used everywhere, e.g. not in vessels with small (size), tightly sealed vessels, e.g. low-voltage or main distribution boards with a high degree of protection such as IP 65 and higher, because they do not allow air to be exchanged to the outside, or because there is usually no space in them.
  • a false alarm-proof function of a RAS is only given if the optimal values measured during installation remain stable over the long term.
  • this solution works according to the basic principle of RAS, but tries in particular the disadvantage of not being able to locate the smoke suction hole in question due to a complicated process (reversal of flow of the detection air after the first detection - blowing out the pipes with fresh air - renewed suction of the detection air - measuring the Runtime of the fire parameter up to the sensor - calculating the position of the smoke suction hole - issuing the alarm).
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating the abovementioned disadvantages of the prior art and of developing an arrangement for monitoring and early detection of fire-prone and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housings which, at reasonable plant costs, are an alternative to those currently available in the prior art Technology, for example in the switching u.
  • Server cabinets from data centers (e.g. at banks etc.), smoke detectors used with their, the switching u.
  • Server cabinets can be used with the pneumatic pipelines connecting the evaluation unit, and at the same time a much more cost-effective and precise, as well as much more false alarm-proof monitoring of a much higher number of "measuring points" (e.g. server cabinets) using only one evaluation unit, with significantly reduced production -, assembly, maintenance and repair work, high flexibility and high availability, even during maintenance work, but also during the necessary expansion work of the overall system.
  • this object is achieved by an arrangement for early detection of fire for fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housings according to the features of the independent device claim of the invention.
  • Figure 1A and Figure 2A show the structure of a, in the arrangement according to the invention for monitoring and early fire detection for fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housing duo detector module 3 according to the invention in side view and top view.
  • the dual detector module 3 consists of a detector module housing 5, preferably made of plastic, which is composed of a lower housing part 6 and an upper housing part 7 fastened to it by means of a screw or clip connection 26, and that in the upper housing part 7 with two openings 14 for the two smoke detectors 2 ( an opening 14 for the smoke detector I 2.1 and the smoke detector II 2.2) is provided.
  • the screw or clip connection 26 can be implemented both as a releasable connection (e.g. by means of screws and clips) and as a non-releasable connection (e.g. gluing or riveting) (joint connection).
  • the smoke detectors 2 (2.1 and 2.2) are connected in a so-called two-detector dependency, i.e. An alarm is only triggered when both smoke detectors 2 report the same fire criterion (AND function).
  • This type of circuit considerably reduces the risk of false alarms and improves the arrangement according to the invention, in particular for controlling extinguishing devices in vessels.
  • the openings 14 are designed so that the smoke detectors 2 (2.1 and 2.2) can be removed from the outside without removing the upper housing part 7 (the opening diameter is larger than the smoke detector diameter).
  • a motherboard 8 is arranged in the interior of the detector module housing 5.
  • the upper housing part 7 protects the motherboard 8 from contact and dust.
  • the dual detector module 3 has a ring bus input 11, a ring bus output 12 for the ring bus 18 and an external signal output 13 as signal inputs and signal outputs. These signal inputs and signal outputs are connected by means of connecting cables 31 through industrial connectors 30 arranged on the side of the detector module housing 5.
  • the (occasionally requiring maintenance) smoke detectors 2 can be easily removed or reinserted for maintenance purposes from the detector bases 9 with plug-twist lock, here bayonet lock, arranged in the lower housing part 6 on the motherboard 8, without having to loosen or open the upper housing part 7. This enables easy maintenance of the smoke detector 2.
  • plug-twist lock here bayonet lock
  • the smoke detectors 2 (like also the 2.1 and 2.2) also protrude with their perforated smoke detector upper part 15 from the upper housing part 7, so that their internal sensors can be easily and quickly reached by smoke particles.
  • the motherboard 8 fastened in the bottom of the lower housing part 6 realizes the electrical connections between the smoke detectors 2 (smoke detectors I 2.1 and smoke detectors II 2.2) and the industrial connectors 30, for the ring bus input 11, for the ring bus output 12, and for the external signal output 13 and the via conductor tracks Isolator 10 located in the detector module housing 5.
  • the compact design of the dual detector module 3 also allows installation in small vessels or in larger vessels at any (optimal) location, which considerably expands the possible uses (variable use).
  • connection cable 31 connection cable 31
  • the isolator 10 connected on the motherboard 8 realizes its disconnection or activation.
  • a great advantage when using a disconnector 10 in the detector modules is that only the smallest possible part of the ring bus 18 (see Figure 13A , 13B , 14 , 15 ) or the monitored objects, must be switched off in the event of a fault.
  • this principle allows changes and extensions to the ring bus 18 (see Figures 13A , 13B , 14 , 15 ) during ongoing operation without the overall monitoring function being impaired during this time.
  • Safe electrical connections to the ring bus input 11, to the ring bus output 12 and to the external signal output 13 are implemented via the three industrial connectors 30.
  • the industrial connectors 30 plugs or sockets built into the lower housing part 6 implement a fast and secure connection by plugging in the external sockets (ring bus input 11 and ring bus output 12 or external signal output 13) via plugs.
  • the principle of the industrial plug connector 30 also supports a quick change of location in the vessel to be monitored (for example in the case of changed use) and a quick replacement or reassembly of the detector modules (dual detector modules 3, dual detector modules 3e, dual detector modules 3i, single detector modules 4, single detector modules 4e, single detector modules 4i) .
  • All industrial connectors 30 have a fuse that prevents accidental loosening.
  • connection cable 31, for ring bus 18 and external signal transmitter 27, Figure 7 are relieved of strain in the respective vessel 1 in cable guides provided for this purpose and continued.
  • one or more adhesive element (s) 17 according to the invention is applied over the entire surface or partially (firmly joined).
  • a strong adhesive Velcro tape combination with both housing base 16 ( Fig. 1A , Figure 3A and Figure 5A ) and vessel 1 are firmly connected so that the module can then be easily attached in non-magnetic vessels.
  • Combinations with double-sided adhesive tape are also planned.
  • a great advantage of this embodiment according to the invention is that a major source of danger for IT and electrical devices, namely metal chips and lost screws, is fundamentally prevented. This means that systems in operation can be safely upgraded / retrofitted. Furthermore, there is a high degree of flexibility in the arrangement of the detector modules, even when changing the installation location (e.g. when changing use).
  • the modules can be exchanged quickly.
  • FIG Figure 1B Another, second embodiment of the dual detector module 3 according to the invention, namely the dual detector module 3e, is shown in FIG Figure 1B in the side view and in the Figure 2B shown in top view.
  • the smoke detectors 2 (2.1 and 2.2) are electrically connected via wire-shaped conductor connections.
  • each detector base 9 has its own isolator 10. This has the advantage that the rest, even if there is an open circuit and / or short circuit between the smoke detectors 2 (2.1 and 2.2), and if one of these two smoke detectors 2 fails of the ring bus 18 remains in operation.
  • FIG Figure 1C Another, third embodiment of the dual detector module 3 according to the invention, namely the dual detector module 3i, is shown in FIG Figure 1C in the side view and in the Figure 2C shown in top view.
  • this design also has the same functionality as the dual detector module 3 as described for that Figure 1A and Figure 2A . Due to the manufacturing economy and possible, even smaller "minimized” overall size, in contrast to the dual detector module 3 according to the Figures 1A and Figure 2A , two similar cylindrical (round)
  • Detector module housing 5 consisting of only one lower housing part 6, mounted on a common motherboard 8.
  • the three industrial connectors 30, the signal input 11, the signal output 12 and the external signal output 13 are integrated directly into the two lower housing parts 6.
  • the adhesive element (s) 17 is / are arranged analogously to the dual detector module 3e.
  • the motherboard 8 of the duo detector module 3i no longer the function of the electrical connection of the smoke detector 2 (2.1. and 2.2), but only causes a constructive, load-bearing function for the detector base 9.
  • the electrical connection of the smoke detector 2.1 and the smoke detector 2.2 is also carried out in this solution wire-shaped conductor connections.
  • duo detector module 3i All other components and arrangements of the duo detector module 3i are, as in the duo detector module 3, or in the duo detector module 3e, with the same functionality.
  • FIG. 3A and Figure 4A show the structure of a mono-detector module 4 according to the invention in the version of the mono-detector module 4.1 (single module) in the arrangement according to the invention for monitoring and early detection of fire for fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housings in side view or top view.
  • the mono detector module 4.1 consists of a lower housing part 8 and an upper housing part 7 fastened to it by means of a detachable screw or clip connection 26, which is provided with an opening 14 for the smoke detector I 2.1.
  • the opening 14 is designed so that the smoke detector I 2.1 can be inserted from the outside without removing the upper housing part 7 (the opening diameter is larger than the smoke detector diameter).
  • the smoke detector I 2.1 can be easily removed or reinserted for maintenance purposes from the detector base 9 with bayonet lock, which is fastened in the lower housing part 6 on the motherboard 8, without having to undo the upper housing part 7.
  • the motherboard 8 fastened in the housing base 16 of the lower housing part 6 realizes the electrical connections between the smoke detectors I 2.1, the industrial connectors 30 for the ring bus input 11, and the ring bus output 13 and the isolator 10 located in the detector module housing 5 via conductor tracks.
  • the inventive arrangement of the detector base 9 and the isolator 10 on the motherboard 8 enables a good industrial series assembly of the entire components, a good quality, a low manufacturing price and a compact design of the mono detector module 4. It will have the same advantages as in Fig. 1A and Figure 2A , for the duo detector module 3, achieved.
  • the isolator 10 of the single detector module 4.1 connected on the motherboard 8 fulfills the same function as the isolator 10 used in the dual detector module 3.
  • the Figures 5A and 6A show the structure of the second embodiment of the single detector module 4, which is always assigned in pairs to the single detector module 4.1, a single detector module 4.2 in a side view and in a top view.
  • the mono-detector module 4.2 has almost the same structure as the mono-detector module 4.1, but has no isolator 10, but additionally the external signal output 13.
  • the two mono-detector modules 4.1 and 4.2 are always used in pairs.
  • the mono detector module 4.1 with isolator 10 is used for the integral monitoring of a vessel (see Figure 9 ) connected to the single detector module 4.2 in a two-detector function (always in pairs).
  • this single detector module 4.2 has an additional external signal output 13, for example for external signal transmitters 27 ( Fig. 7 and Fig. 9 ) that can be installed locally on the vessel to be monitored if necessary.
  • the mono-detector module 4.2 does not have a disconnector 10, since this is contained in the mono-detector module 4.1 in its design.
  • External signal generator 27 shown as in connection with the in Fig. 1A and 2A components shown described, also equipped with one or more adhesive element (s) 17.
  • adhesive element (s) 17 This means that the external signal transmitter 27 can also be installed without screws or chips, which considerably reduces the security risk in IT environments and power supply systems.
  • the two mono-detector modules 4, the mono-detector module 4.1 and the mono-detector module 4.2, which are always used in pairs, provide the same function in the interconnection as the duo-detector module 3, but with the difference that an integral monitoring of vessels is possible with the principle of separately mounting the detector modules ( see the explanations in connection with Fig. 9 ).
  • FIG Figure 3B A second embodiment of the mono detector module 4.1 according to the invention (with 2 industrial connectors 39), in a "medium" size, namely the mono detector module 4.1e is shown in FIG Figure 3B in the side view and in the
  • Figure 4B shown in top view.
  • the Monomedmeldermodul 4.1e has the same functionality as that in the Figures 3A and 4A Mono detector module 4.1 shown, but has a somewhat smaller, so-called “medium” overall size in its dimensions.
  • the detector base 9 is mounted directly on the housing base 16 by means of a screw and / or clip connection 26.
  • the motherboard 8 no longer has the function of the electrical connection between the smoke detector 2.1 and the isolator 10 in the monomed detector module 4.1e, but only the constructive function of the fastening.
  • FIG Figure 3C A third embodiment of the mono detector module 4.1 according to the invention (with 2 industrial connectors 39) in a "mini" size, namely the mono detector module 4.1i is shown in FIG Figure 3C in the side view and in the
  • Figure 4C shown in top view.
  • Mono detector module 4.1i shown has the same functionality as that in the Figures 3 and Figure 4 shown mono detector module 4.1 (with 2 industrial connectors 30), but its dimensions are much smaller, the so-called "mini" overall size.
  • the mono-detector module 4.1i (according to FIG Figure 3C and
  • the separator 10 is also moved into the base 9, so as to realize a flat design.
  • the base 9 is "mini" mounted directly on a round (cylindrical) lower housing part 6.
  • the upper housing part 7 can in the embodiment "mini" (according to Figure 3C and Figure 4C ) as with the duo detector module 3i (according to the Figure 1C and Figure 2C ) do not apply.
  • the upper part 7 of the mono detector module 4.1i, which has been omitted, as well as the standardized lower part 6 of the housing lead to improved overall economy and further miniaturization of the single detector module 4.1.
  • the lower housing part 6 is fastened as in FIG Figure 3C shown, via a screw or clip connection 26 directly on the motherboard 8, with the bottom of the motherboard 8, as with all Designs of the detector modules according to the invention one or more adhesive element (s) 17 is / are attached.
  • the motherboard 8 has in the Figures 3C and Figure 4C illustrated embodiment, in contrast to the embodiment according to Figure 3A and Figure 4A , no longer the function of the electrical connection between smoke detector 2.1 and isolator 10, but only the constructive function of the attachment.
  • FIG. 3A and Figure 4A illustrated embodiment.
  • the plan view shows a second embodiment of the mono detector module 4.2 according to the invention (with 3 industrial connectors 30), namely the mono detector module 4.2e, which has a medium, a so-called “medium” overall size.
  • the Monomedmeldermodul 4.2e has the same functionality as that in the Figures 5A and 6A Mono detector module shown 4.2.
  • an additional isolator 10 is installed in the detector base 9.
  • the detector base 8 has a somewhat higher design and is mounted directly on the housing base 16 by means of a screw or clip connection 26.
  • the motherboard 8 in the Figures 5B and 6B has shown Monomedmeldermodule 4.2e, in contrast to that in the Figures 5A and 6A Mono detector module 4.2 shown, no longer the function of the electrical Connection between smoke detector 2.1 and isolator 10, but only fulfills the constructive function of the attachment.
  • the base 8 on the monomedel module 4.2e, on the one hand, the base 8 and, on the other hand, the adhesive element (s) 17 are attached to the underside of the base board 8.
  • the designation “arrangement of the mono-detector modules 4e in pairs” means that the individual mono-detector modules 4.1e and 4.2e are connected / arranged in pairs with one another.
  • the Figure 5C (Side view) and the Figure 6C (Top view) show a third embodiment of the mono detector module 4.2 according to the invention (with 3 industrial connectors 30), namely the mono detector module 4.2i in a small, a so-called "mini" size.
  • this mono detector module 4.2i of the small, the so-called "mini" size has the same functionality as the large one in the
  • Figures 5A and 6A illustrated embodiment of the single detector module 4.2.
  • the additional isolator 10 has the advantage that even in the event of a line interruption and / or short circuit between the smoke detector 2.1 and the smoke detector 2.2 or in the event of the failure of one of these two smoke detectors 2, the rest of the ring bus subscribers are activated and the ring bus 18 continues to operate Operation remains.
  • the upper housing part 7 can in this embodiment, as well as in connection with Figure 1C described duo detector modules 3.2i.
  • the "omitted upper housing part 7" as well as the standardized lower housing part 6 lead to an improved overall economy and to further miniaturization of the mono detector module 4.2i.
  • the Figure 6C shows that the industrial connectors 30 for the signal input 11, the signal output 12 and the external signal output 13 are arranged directly on the lower housing part 6.
  • the lower housing part 6 is fastened directly on the motherboard 8 by means of a screw and / or clip connection 26.
  • the motherboard 8 has in this, in the Figure 5C illustrated embodiment, in contrast to that in the Figure 5A shown mono detector module 4.2 no longer the function of the electrical connection between smoke detector 2.2 and isolator 10, but only the constructive function of the attachment.
  • the designation "arrangement of the mono-detector modules 4i in pairs” means that the individual mono-detector modules 4.1i and 4.2i are connected / arranged in pairs with one another.
  • the Figure 7 now shows an inventive arrangement for monitoring and early fire detection for fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housing in a first variant.
  • duo-alarm module 3e or the duo-alarm module 3i can also be used in this arrangement.
  • the ideal installation location of the dual detector module 3 on the roof of the cabinet is because here the entire cooling air flow 32 of the vessel 1 comes together and a possible fire can be detected quickly and safely at an early stage (optimal arrangement).
  • the installation location of the dual detector module 3 can therefore be optimized and selected quickly because the design (acc. Fig. 1A and 2A ), an adhesive base 17 and an electrical connection (ring bus 18) via industrial connector 30.
  • the installation location is not defined by certain design constraints due to pipes, as is common in smoke aspiration systems.
  • FIG. 7 An example is 1 in Figure 7 also a (double) display module 20 (see also Figure 11 ) and a separate external signal generator 27 are arranged. Depending on the requirements of the user, they are used for remote display for the main alarm (external signal transmitter 27) or, if necessary, with the help of the (double) display module 20 for local display, provided with additional information about any pre-alarm of smoke detectors I 2.1 and smoke detectors II 2.2 in the dual detector module 3 or in the paired single detector module 4.1 and 4.2.
  • the (double) display module 20 is installed in a typical 19 "frame 34 (19 inch frame).
  • the second display field can be used for signaling for a second duo detector module 3, or is covered with a blind plate 29 when not in use (Double) display module 20 acoustic, local alarm as well as other functions (e.g. deletion) via integrable actuators 22 (see Fig. 12 ).
  • the Figure 8 shows the structure of the arrangement according to the invention for monitoring and early fire detection for fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housing in a second variant the arrangement of dual detector modules 3 in vessels 1, which are arranged in a so-called cold aisle 35 for the purpose of optimal cooling air flows 32.
  • the cooling air flow 32 flows horizontally through the vessels 1 (IT racks).
  • a vertical arrangement of two dual detector modules 3 per vessel 1 is optimal, since in this way defined monitoring zones 36 can be monitored quickly and reliably for fire parameters.
  • duomed alarm modules 3e or duo alarm modules 3i can also be used in this arrangement.
  • the simple and secure fastening of the dual detector modules 3 by means of the adhesive elements 17 on the inner side walls of the vessels 1 allows the vessels 1 to be monitored to be equipped quickly and flexibly.
  • the affected object In the event of a fire, the affected object cannot be detected, or can be detected much too late, since the air thinning results in a corresponding proportional delay.
  • An initiated deletion or shutdown is necessarily slower and the potential damage is much higher.
  • the arrangement according to the invention can even be used to monitor vessels 1 in which, for example, high internal pressure (e.g. clean rooms, monitored telecommunication housings etc.) smoke suction systems cannot be used due to the pressure differences.
  • high internal pressure e.g. clean rooms, monitored telecommunication housings etc.
  • the early fire detection solution according to the invention shows its many advantages as well as its essential advantages.
  • the higher level of equipment with the early fire detection according to the invention which is possible with the same financial outlay, also significantly increases safety. This is an essential further aim of the arrangement for early fire detection according to the invention.
  • Another important advantage of the solution according to the invention of the individual monitoring of vessels 1 is that, compared to smoke aspiration systems, the low maintenance expenditure per vessel 1 to be individually monitored is because this system on site essentially comprises only detector modules (mono detector modules 4 (ie also 4e and 4i) and duo detector modules 3 (ie also 3e and 3i)) or local signaling is required.
  • detector modules 4 ie also 4e and 4i
  • duo detector modules 3 ie also 3e and 3i
  • the maintenance-intensive components of smoke extraction systems such as intake pipes, filters, fans, fan controls, local sensor evaluation and monitoring, local energy supply and emergency power supply etc. are eliminated for each detection location.
  • the Figure 9 shows a third example of the arrangement of the solution according to the invention for monitoring and early fire detection for fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housing.
  • mono-detector modules 4e or mono-detector modules 4i can also be used in this arrangement.
  • This arrangement of the mono detector modules 4 allows an integral assessment of the entire air content of the vessel 1 and thus enables an even higher level of security against false alarms, since not the air volume at a certain point (or approximately point, as with the duo detector module 3, in which the sensors (Smoke detectors 2) are mounted approx. 20 cm apart) but is detected as an integral of the entire vessel 1.
  • This arrangement is particularly recommended in cases where the highest demands are placed on false alarm security (e.g. when switching off or extinguishing in vessel 1 / rack, sometimes with extreme costs!).
  • a local external signal transmitter 27 is (for example) mounted on the vessel 1 (rack).
  • the course of the ring bus 18 is also indicated by way of example.
  • the separate routing of the connecting cable 31 of the ring bus 18 in the vessel 1, as well as between the vessels (in the room / in rooms) has the advantage in the event of damage that usually only one cable can be affected.
  • the Figure 10 shows a further arrangement of the inventive solution for monitoring and early fire detection for fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housing with an exemplary fourth variant.
  • a dual detector module 3 is arranged in the upper region of the vessel 1 in such a way that a cooling air flow 32, which arises as a result of natural convection (heating-cooling), always does that Duo detector module 3 reached.
  • duo-alarm module 3e or the duo-alarm module 3i can also be used in this arrangement.
  • the external signal transmitter 27 which can be easily connected to the dual detector module 3 via external signal output 13, signals an alarm state on this vessel 1, so that intervention can be carried out quickly.
  • the solution according to the invention can also be used on many small vessels (which are just as important for the overall function in the data center, for example).
  • detector modules e.g. duo detector modules 3
  • additional devices e.g. external signal transmitter 27 on site
  • a significant advantage of the arrangement according to the invention for early fire detection is that, due to the compact design and size of the detector modules (for example duo detector module 3 and mono detector module 4), they are located directly at the detection site in most of the cases that occur in practice (concerns size, type of ventilation, ambient conditions etc.) can be used (mass use), deliver better detection results than comparable systems on the market and significantly increase the security of complex systems (e.g. data centers) through extensive use.
  • the detector modules for example duo detector module 3 and mono detector module 4
  • the Figure 11A shows the structure of a (double) display module 20 according to the invention used in the arrangement according to the invention for monitoring and early fire detection for fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housings in the form of a 19 "insert (19 inch insert), which among other things in the front area contains two display fields 23, each of which contains three signal lights (LED) on the front, the LED signal displays 24, with which the most important operating states of the associated detector module (e.g. a duo detector module 3 or two interconnected mono detector modules 4) can be displayed
  • the alarms displayed by means of the LED signal displays 24 are initially pre-alarm sensor 1 24.2 and pre-alarm sensor 2 24.3.
  • the displays light up when one of the two smoke detectors 2 (2.1 or / and 2.2) of a detector module (for example the duo detector module 3 or the mono detector module) 4) the (individually) set pre-alarm threshold has been reached or exceeded
  • a detector module for example the duo detector module 3 or the mono detector module
  • an acoustic signal transmitter 25 located in the 19 "housing of the display module 20 can also be used.
  • Figure 12A head for.
  • the third signal light, the third LED signal indicators 24, on the display field 23 signals the main alarm 24.1 (fire alarm). Their lighting can also be linked to a local acoustic alarm of the signal generator 25.
  • the 3 most important signals are controlled via a ring bus-compatible actuator module 22 ( Figure 12A ) that the control commands previously from the evaluation unit 19 ( Figure 13A ) had received.
  • the evaluation unit 19 in turn has previously that of the smoke detectors 2 (smoke detectors I 2.1 and smoke detectors II 2.2) of a detector module (for example duo detector module 3). transmitted data of fire parameters detected in vessel 1 obtained and evaluated.
  • the evaluation unit 19 also outputs an alarm relay 38 to a point of assistance.
  • the actuator module 22 can carry out further switching operations in the vessel 1 both in the case of a pre-alarm and in the case of a main alarm (e.g. switching off the energy and ventilation, switching on the extinguishing, etc.) with the aid of further freely programmable outputs.
  • a main alarm e.g. switching off the energy and ventilation, switching on the extinguishing, etc.
  • the vessel contains e.g. two duo detector modules 3, the described second display field 23 of the display module 20 is occupied if necessary, in which the second actuator module 22 is then also fitted.
  • the free module space is covered with a blind plate 29.
  • the display module 20 has the advantage that alarms (pre-alarms and main alarms) can be displayed locally on the 19 "vessel (19 inch vessel), regardless of where the detector modules (eg mono detector module 4 or duo detector module 3) are installed in vessel 1 and therefore not
  • alarms pre-alarms and main alarms
  • the detector modules eg mono detector module 4 or duo detector module 3
  • the Figure 12A shows the structure of a display module 20 according to the invention in the form of a 19 "insert in a plan view.
  • the easy connection via the industrial connector 30 also saves time and long-term stability.
  • a further embodiment for the display module 20, namely that of a deletion display module 43, is in the front view in FIG Figure 11B , and in the top view in the Figure 12B shown.
  • the arrangement according to the invention for monitoring and early detection of fire for several fire and / or explosion-prone vessels (1) and / or housing takes on switching and optical actions, in particular the initiation of an extinguishing process.
  • the initiation of the extinguishing process in only one, the affected vessel is possible as a result of a very precise detection, since the smoke sensors available in the prior art can detect air turbidity of 0.02 to 3% / m very precisely, which then means very much by means of the arrangement according to the invention Exactly depending on the size of the air turbidity achieved, a pre-alarm, for example from 0.02% / m, or when the air turbidity reaches 3% / m, the fire alarm can be triggered and the extinguishing process can be initiated.
  • the power supply and the ventilation of the affected vessel can also be switched off immediately before the extinction in the vessel begins.
  • the delete display module 42 is likewise accommodated in a 19 "insert (19 inch insert) and is equipped with two display fields 23. Each of the two display fields 23 is equipped with four signal displays 24.
  • One of the four signal displays 24 (24.1, 24.2, 24.3 and 24.4) signals operation (green), pre-alarm (yellow), fire alarm (red) and switch-off / extinguishing (blue).
  • Each display field 23 can display the most important operating states of an assigned duo detector module 3, duo detector module 3e, duo detector module 3i, or of two mono detector modules 4, mono detector modules 4e or mono detector modules 4i, as well as any switching processes that have been triggered (for example, switching off / deleting).
  • the Figure 12B shows the equipping of a special extinguishing display module 43 with one actuator module 22 per display field 23.
  • the actuator module 22 in the right display field 23 of the top view therefore controls according to Figure 12B , in addition to the signal displays 24 also the local extinguishing control 41.
  • the output of an actuator module 22 can also be used eg the energy supply and / or the cooling / ventilation of a vessel can be switched off.
  • the actuator module 22 in the left display field 23 of the top view contains an actuator module 22 which, for example, only controls the signal displays 24 for a duo detector module 3i, for example, or switches on corresponding local acoustic signals via signal transmitters 25.
  • the signal display 24.4 which is not required is replaced by a blind plate 29.
  • the actuator modules 22 are located on the common ring bus 18 of the arrangement according to the invention for monitoring and early detection of fire for vessels and / or housings at risk of fire and / or explosion, and also each have a disconnector 10, the function of which has been described several times.
  • the deletion indicator module 43 can optionally be fully equipped with actuator modules 22 and signal indicators 24 or only partially. In the case of partial assembly, the openings which are not required are closed with blind plates 29.
  • the Figure 13A shows the structure of an arrangement according to the invention of dual detector modules 3, single detector modules 4 (4.1 and 4.2) which are partially additionally equipped with actuator modules 22 or external signal transmitters 27 or control them, together with the central evaluation unit 19 on a ring bus 18.
  • ring bus participants are a separate actuator module 22, a remote control panel 21 and a display panel 23 assigned to a mono detector module 4 with actuator module 22.
  • the evaluation unit 19 takes over the central functions for all participants of the ring bus 18: power supply, transmission and reception of signals from the Participants, signal evaluation, processing, storage and forwarding, emergency power supply, communication with external systems 39 (e.g. management systems, fire alarm systems etc.) and the alarm message 38 eg to a person providing help (eg operating personnel, fire brigade).
  • the mains connection 28 (230 V) takes place centrally on the evaluation unit 19.
  • the remote control panel 21 and an external actuator module 22 can be located anywhere in the ring bus 18.
  • the remote control panel 21 has the full functionality of the control panel of the evaluation unit 18 and can advantageously also be remote from it, e.g. installed in a control room or in a gate. This enables convenient, quick and complete control of all alarms and operating states of the overall system at any point.
  • the control panel 21 has a isolator 10, which also develops its positive properties in the event of a fault (short circuit, interruption).
  • the evaluation unit 19 not only manages centrally all participants of the ring bus 18, it also has a management system with which all ring bus participants can be spatially displayed and managed on a remote screen.
  • the management system can be connected to the interface for external systems 39.
  • the evaluation unit 19 can also be networked with other subsystems, for example fire alarm systems, etc., via the interface for external systems 39.
  • Another positive performance feature of the arrangement according to the invention for early detection of fire in vessels 1 is the possibility of monitored (continuous monitoring) and stable (because Interface for alarm transmission 38 wired with function maintenance. Thanks to the function maintenance function (eg E 30), the connecting cable can withstand fire for 30 minutes when it is fully functional; any other interruption is immediately recognized as an alarm.
  • the Figure 13B shows the arrangement according to the invention for monitoring and early detection of fire for fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housings in a basic illustration of a ring bus segment with the use of dual detector modules 3e, dual detector modules 3i, single detector modules 4e (4.1e and 4.2e) and single alarm modules 4i ( 4.1i and 4.2i) and a deletion display module 43.
  • the Figure 14 shows the structure of an arrangement of components according to the invention in a stylized ring bus 18.
  • the evaluation unit 19 detects short circuits or interruptions in the ring bus 18 and selectively switches the smallest possible part of the bus participant off or on via isolator 10, the two remaining ring halves are supplied from both sides of the ring until the fault has been rectified (operating voltage, data stream), all other participants remain fully functional.
  • Advantages of the solution according to the invention are a very good energy balance, since central power and emergency power supply takes place only via evaluation unit 19, simple and economical maintenance and service (clear structure, no decentralized power supplies and emergency power batteries, which always pose a risk in the long term), significantly lower costs per individually monitored vessel 1, because only sensors and simple signaling on site, everything else is arranged centrally, the largely separate routing of supply and discharge in the ring bus 18, which means greater availability in the event of damage (e.g. Fig. 14 / Fig. 15 ) shows that the evaluation and management of all process variables takes place centrally in the evaluation unit 19 and on remote control panels 21. Any installation location of the evaluation unit (eg in a control room) can further increase system security.
  • the arrangement of components for early fire detection according to the invention results, also in particular due to the arrangement in the ring bus 18, in significant improvements in comparison to conventional, commercially available systems in this area.
  • the quality of monitoring per vessel and for the overall system increases enormously.
  • the position of the evaluation unit 19 is in the vessels 1 in vessel B ( Figure 15 ) possible, but also, as already described, can be installed anywhere outside the surveillance area.
  • the Figure 15 shows a possible structure of the monitored vessels according to the invention.
  • the solution according to the invention with special detector modules according to the invention (duo detector module / pair of mono detector modules) and their arrangement according to the invention succeed in eliminating the disadvantages described in the prior art.
  • the detector modules according to the invention can be varied, i.e. individually, in an optimal position to a possible ignition source, quickly, tool- and chip-free at optimal detection locations in the object to be monitored.
  • the assembly is also carried out on the basis of the module concept according to the invention with smoke / gas sensors mounted on / in the carrier / housing, with quick connection via plug connectors, and tool-free, screw-free and chip-free by means of detachable joint connections.
  • the detector modules themselves do not contain any complex infrastructure, but only one or two smoke detectors and are therefore very inexpensive.
  • the detector modules Due to the small size and the relatively low price, the detector modules can still be used economically in (almost) all properties and in large numbers.
  • the somewhat more complex evaluation unit is only available once for a large number of detector modules in a complex to be monitored.
  • the detector modules are wired relatively inexpensively and very reliably only with electrical lines in a ring bus topology.
  • the arrangement according to the invention for monitoring and early detection of fire for several fire and / or explosion-prone vessels and / or housings therefore offers a reasonable plant cost optimal alternative to the currently in the prior art, for example in the switching u.
  • Server cabinets from data centers e.g. at banks and the like
  • smoke detectors used with which the switching and.
  • To provide server cabinets with pneumatic pipelines connecting the evaluation unit which at the same time provide a much more cost-effective and precise, as well as also false alarm-proof, selective monitoring of a significantly higher number of "measuring points" (eg server cabinets) using only one evaluation unit, with a significantly reduced manufacturing , Assembly, maintenance and repair work, high flexibility and high availability, guaranteed even during the maintenance work but also during the expansion work of the overall system.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Claims (6)

  1. Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients (1) et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion en présence de détecteurs de fumée (2) optiques et/ou à plusieurs critères, avec reconnaissance/analyse de grandeurs caractéristiques d'incendie intelligente et surveillance propre, caractérisé par le fait
    - que tous les détecteurs de fumée (2) utilisés pour la surveillance sont connectés entre eux au moyen d'un bus en anneau (18), en aucun cas cependant au moyen d'un bus CAN, et
    - que les détecteurs de fumée (2) utilisés dans le système et disposés dans le bus en anneau (18) sont mis en service respectivement par paire dans le bus en anneau (18), et qu'ils sont connectés dans le bus en anneau (18) en permanence sous forme de redondance à deux détecteurs, et
    - qu'une paire de détecteurs de fumée placée dans le bus en anneau (18) est disposée soit dans un module de détecteur double (3), soit dans deux modules de détecteur simple (4) attribués l'un à l'autre par paire dans le bus en anneau (18), et
    - que dans /sur le module de détecteur double (3) sont disposés deux socles de détecteur (9) avec détecteurs de fumée (2) attribués, un ou deux séparateurs (10), des connecteurs enfichables raccordés pour une entrée de bus en anneau (11), une sortie de bus en anneau (12) et une sortie de signal externe (13), et
    - que les modules de détecteur simple (4) attribués l'un à l'autre par paire sont conçus de manière analogue au module de détecteur double (3), mais contiennent toutefois respectivement uniquement un socle de détecteur (9) avec détecteur de fumée (2) attribué, et se différencient en outre du module de détecteur double (3) par le fait que l'un des deux modules de détecteur simple (4), le module de détecteur simple (4.1), possède un séparateur (10), une entrée de bus en anneau (11) et une sortie de bus en anneau (12), et que le module de détecteur simple (4.2) attribué par paire à ce module de détecteur simple (4.1) possède une entrée de bus en anneau (11), une sortie de bus en anneau (12) et une sortie de signal externe (13), un séparateur (10) étant cependant disposé dans des formes de construction particulières des module de détecteur simple (4.2), et
    - que, sur la face arrière du module de détecteur double (3), tout comme sur la face arrière des deux modules de détecteur simple (4.1 et 4.2), c'est-à-dire respectivement à l'opposé du détecteur de fumée (2), un ou plusieurs éléments adhésifs (17) est/sont disposé/s, et
    - que, dans chacun des récipients à surveiller, à des endroits quelconques mais significatifs pour la détection d'incendie dans le récipient (1) correspondant, soit un module de détecteur double (3) connecté dans le bus en anneau (18), soit les deux modules de détecteur simple (4) attribués l'un à l'autre par paire dans le bus en anneau (18), est/sont fixé/s au moyen de/des l'/élément/s adhésif/s(17), et que ces modules de détecteur double (3) et/ou modules de détecteur simple (4) disposés dans les récipients (1) à surveiller sont reliés comme participants au bus via le bus en anneau (18) à une unité d'exploitation (19) prenant en charge l'alimentation en énergie du système de bus, ainsi que le cas échéant avec d'autres participants.
  2. Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients (1) et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion selon l'exigence 1 caractérisé par le fait que les détecteurs de fumée (2) dépassent du boîtier de module de détecteur double (3) par leur partie supérieure de détecteur de fumée (15) perforée, tout comme du boîtier des deux modules de détecteur simple (4.1 et 4.2).
  3. Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients (1) et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion selon l'exigence 1 ou l'exigence 2 caractérisé par le fait que les détecteurs de fumée (2) sont enfichés dans les socles de détecteur (9) au moyen d'une fermeture à insertion-rotation.
  4. Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients (1) et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion selon l'une des exigences 1 à 3 caractérisé par le fait qu'un ou plusieurs modules d'affichage (20) supplémentaires et/ou un ou plusieurs champs de maniement (21) supplémentaires et/ou un ou plusieurs modules actionneurs (22) sont en outre disposés sous forme de participant au bus dans le bus en anneau (18).
  5. Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients (1) et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion selon l'une des exigences 1 à 4 caractérisé par le fait que le module d'affichage (20) en tant que module structurel dans le récipient (1) à surveiller est disposé dans une insertion standardisée 19 pouces, présente deux champs d'affichage (23) pour deux paires de détecteurs de fumée et reçoit les informations à afficher nécessaires par le biais de l'unité d'exploitation (19) via le bus en anneau (18), trois affichages de signal (24) LED étant disposés dans chaque champ d'affichage (23), parmi lesquels deux sont attribués respectivement à la pré-alarme pour respectivement l'un des détecteurs de fumée (2) dans le module de détecteur double (3) voire dans respectivement l'un des modules de détecteur simple (4) attribués l'un à l'autre par paire, le troisième affichage de signal (24) LED signalant l'alarme principale, laquelle pouvant être également signalée au moyen d'un générateur de signal (25) acoustique disposé dans le module d'affichage (20), des modules actionneurs (22) étant en outre attribués à chaque champ d'affichage (23) dans le module d'affichage (20).
  6. Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients (1) et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion selon l'une des exigences 1 à 5 caractérisé par le fait que, à partir de celui-ci, en plus de notifications optiques et/ou acoustiques, des opérations de commutation comme la mise en service d'une procédure d'extinction peuvent également être effectuées.
EP13807894.4A 2012-10-15 2013-10-14 Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion Active EP2907115B1 (fr)

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DE102012020127.3A DE102012020127B4 (de) 2012-10-15 2012-10-15 Anordnung zur Überwachung und Brandfrühsterkennung für mehrere brand- und/oder explosionsgefährdete Gefäße und/oder Gehäuse
PCT/DE2013/000591 WO2014059959A1 (fr) 2012-10-15 2013-10-14 Système de surveillance et de détection précoce d'incendie pour plusieurs récipients et/ou boîtiers à risque d'incendie et/ou d'explosion

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EP2907115A1 (fr) 2015-08-19
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DE102012020127A1 (de) 2014-04-30

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