EP2905454A1 - Revêtement de cylindre avec face d'essuyage de dépôt - Google Patents

Revêtement de cylindre avec face d'essuyage de dépôt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2905454A1
EP2905454A1 EP14154562.4A EP14154562A EP2905454A1 EP 2905454 A1 EP2905454 A1 EP 2905454A1 EP 14154562 A EP14154562 A EP 14154562A EP 2905454 A1 EP2905454 A1 EP 2905454A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
extension
contact face
cylinder liner
major
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14154562.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Íñigo Guisasola
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH filed Critical Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH
Priority to EP14154562.4A priority Critical patent/EP2905454A1/fr
Priority to EP14000471.4A priority patent/EP2905453A1/fr
Priority to CN201520089331.7U priority patent/CN204511677U/zh
Publication of EP2905454A1 publication Critical patent/EP2905454A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F2001/006—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having a ring at the inside of a liner or cylinder for preventing the deposit of carbon oil particles, e.g. oil scrapers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine, and, more particularly, to a wiper edge, or a wiper ring of a cylinder liner for scraping off deposits from a piston during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • soot and other particulate matter are generated. Those particulate matters may accumulate at a piston skirt of a reciprocating piston, and may scratch along an inner face of a cylinder liner during operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • a so-called wiper ring (also referred to as cuff-ring) may be provided in an annular groove of the cylinder liner.
  • a wiper edge may be integrally formed with the cylinder liner.
  • a cylinder liner for an engine includes a hollow cylindrical sleeve, with an inner surface and an outer surface.
  • the cylinder liner may further comprise an annular cuff-ring groove with a radiused fillet region, on the inner surface proximate a first end of the hollow sleeve.
  • a cuff-ring may be positioned in the cuff-ring groove.
  • the present disclosure is directed, at least in part, to improving or overcoming one or more aspects of prior systems.
  • a cylinder liner for guiding a piston may comprise a sleeve for guiding the piston therein.
  • the sleeve may extend along a longitudinal axis, and may include an inner face.
  • the cylinder liner may further comprise a circumferential wiper contact face for scraping off deposits from the piston during operation.
  • the wiper contact face may at least partially protrude towards the longitudinal axis relative to the inner face.
  • the wiper contact face may have an oval shape viewed in direction of the longitudinal axis.
  • a wiper ring for mounting to a cylinder liner used for guiding a piston.
  • the wiper ring may comprise a wiper contact face for scraping deposits from the piston during operation.
  • the wiper contact face may have an oval shape.
  • a cylinder unit for an internal combustion engine may comprise a piston having a major piston extension, and a cylinder liner as exemplary disclosed herein.
  • An oval shape of the wiper contact face may be defined by a major extension and a minor extension, the major extension being greater than the minor extension.
  • the major extension may be greater than the major piston extension, and/or the minor extension may be smaller than the major piston extension.
  • an internal combustion engine may comprise a crankshaft extending along a crankshaft axis, and at least one cylinder unit as exemplary disclosed herein.
  • the cylinder unit may be arranged such that the major extension of the oval shape of the wiper contact face runs parallel to the crankshaft axis.
  • a method for assembling an internal combustion engine may comprise providing an engine block with a cylinder liner extending along a longitudinal axis, and providing a piston with a piston pin extending along a piston pin axis.
  • the method may further comprise providing a crankshaft extending along a crankshaft axis, and inserting the piston into the cylinder liner from a cylinder head side.
  • the piston may be oriented such that the piston pin axis is perpendicular to a common plane of the longitudinal axis and the crankshaft axis.
  • the method may further comprise, after having inserted the piston, rotating the piston about the longitudinal axis for about 90° such that the piston pin axis runs parallel to the crankshaft axis, and connecting the piston to the crankshaft.
  • the present disclosure is based at least in part on the realization that a wiper edge of a cylinder liner for scraping off deposits from a piston during operation may complicate assembly of an internal combustion engine.
  • fitting complications may arise in case a piston is inserted into the cylinder liner from a cylinder head side, since the wiper edge reduces a fitting clearance to the piston.
  • it may be almost impossible, or even impossible, to insert the piston into the cylinder liner from the cylinder head side in some specific configurations with wiper edges. Accordingly, it may be necessary to insert the piston from the crankshaft side of the engine. However, this may increase the assembly effort.
  • a wiper edge configuration which facilitates inserting the piston into the cylinder liner from the cylinder head side.
  • the generally disclosed wiper edge configuration is applicable for cylinder liners with integrated wiper edges, and for cylinder liners with separate wiper rings.
  • FIG. 1 a section of an internal combustion engine 1 comprising an engine block 2 with a cylinder unit 5 including a piston assembly 4 arranged in a cylinder liner 8 is depicted.
  • Engine 1 further comprises a crankshaft 6, which is connected to piston assembly 4.
  • Engine block 2 comprises at least one cylinder bore 3 into which cylinder liner 8 is installed.
  • a piston 10 of piston assembly 4 is connected to a piston rod 12 via a piston bolt 14, which is also part of piston assembly 4.
  • Piston bolt 14 is mounted inside piston 10, and extends along a piston pin axis A.
  • circlips may be provided, one of which being referred to by reference numeral 15.
  • Piston 10 includes a piston crown 16 at a top end facing a cylinder head (not shown in Fig. 1 ).
  • a piston skirt 18 of piston 10 faces cylinder liner 8, particularly an inner cylindrical face 20 of cylinder liner 8.
  • At least one piston ring 22 may be provided in annular grooves of piston skirt 18.
  • Piston 10, particularly piston skirt 18, may have a nominal diameter within a range from 30 mm to 1000 mm.
  • pistons for car engines may have a nominal diameter between 60 mm to 110 mm
  • pistons for large internal combustion engines for marine vessels or power plants may have a nominal diameter from 130 mm to 900 mm, or even greater.
  • Nominal piston diameter is a common term in the field of engine design.
  • a value of the nominal piston diameter is equal to a value of nominal cylinder liner diameter of a corresponding cylinder liner. In practice, the terms are used to define pairs of pistons and cylinder liners/cylinder bores.
  • piston 10 in a plane perpendicular to longitudinal axis B (horizontal cross section)
  • piston 10, particularly piston skirt 18, is not perfectly circular. Instead, piston skirt 18 is at least in certain areas shaped in an oval form.
  • the terms "piston major extension” and “piston minor extension” are used herein.
  • Piston major extension extends along a piston major axis of the oval shape in a horizontal cross section
  • piston minor extension extends along a piston minor axis of the oval shape in a horizontal cross section.
  • piston major extension is greater than piston minor extension.
  • piston major extension is slightly less piston nominal diameter.
  • piston major extension may be greater than piston minor extension within a range from 0.1 % to 1.0 %, particularly between 0.3 % and 0.8 %. That defined ovality may depend, for example, on the position of the specific plane along a piston height of piston 10. In other words, along the piston height of piston 10, an ovality of the oval shape of piston skirt 18 may change within above-mentioned ranges.
  • piston 10 may be composed of an aluminum alloy, cast iron, or steel. As the material of piston 10 influences a thermal expansion of piston 10 during operation, the material may also have an influence on the ovality of the oval shape of piston skirt 18.
  • piston assembly 4 Connecting rod 12 of piston assembly 4 is connected to crankshaft 6 such that piston assembly 4 is reciprocatingly arranged in cylinder liner 8. During operation, piston assembly 4 reciprocates between a top dead center (TDC) and a bottom dead center (BDC) along a longitudinal axis B.
  • TDC top dead center
  • BDC bottom dead center
  • crankshaft 6 which is only shown in part in Fig. 1 , is rotatably mounted in engine block 2, and extends along a crankshaft axis C (also referred to as engine axis in literature). In configurations including more than one cylinder, further piston assemblies may be connected to crankshaft 6.
  • piston pin axis A and crankshaft axis C run parallel to one another, and perpendicular to longitudinal axis B.
  • cylinder liner 8 is provided in cylinder bore 3.
  • Said cylinder liner 8 comprises a sleeve 24, for example a cylindrical sleeve, extending along longitudinal axis B, and including inner face 20 for guiding piston 10 during travel from TDC to BDC, and vice versa.
  • Wiper edge portion 28 circumferentially extends around inner cylindrical face 20, and is integrally formed with cylindrical sleeve 24.
  • wiper edge portion 28 For scraping off deposits from piston skirt 18, particularly from a so-called top land of piston skirt 18, wiper edge portion 28 includes a wiper contact face 30. Said wiper contact face 30 protrudes towards longitudinal axis B relative to inner face 20. In other words, wiper contact face 30 is arranged closer to longitudinal axis B than inner face 20 of cylinder liner 8. In some configurations, wiper contact face 30 may only partially protrude towards longitudinal axis B relative to inner face 20.
  • wiper edge portion 28 may be not integrally formed with cylindrical sleeve 24. Instead, a separate wiper ring may be provided in an annular groove of cylindrical sleeve 24 as is described in conjunction with Fig. 3 .
  • cylinder liner 8 including wiper edge portion 28 that is integrally formed with cylindrical sleeve 24 similar to Fig. 1 is shown.
  • engine block, piston assembly etc. are not depicted in Fig. 2 .
  • wiper contact face 30 has a defined non-circular oval shape viewed in direction of longitudinal axis B.
  • oval shape is shown as an ellipse in the Figs.
  • this elliptic shape is only one conceivable embodiment of an oval shape as one skilled in the art will appreciate.
  • an oval shape may have only one symmetry axis, or, in some embodiments, may not even have one symmetry axis.
  • the indicated oval shape of wiper contact face 30 is overemphasized, and may be not even perceptible to a human eye.
  • the oval shape of wiper contact face 30 is defined by a major extension a along a major axis D and a minor extension b along a minor axis, whereas major extension a is greater than minor diameter b.
  • major extension a may be greater than minor extension b within a range from 0.1 % to 1 % of minor extension b, particularly within a range from 0.3% to 0.8 % of minor extension b.
  • minor extension a may be 100 mm
  • major extension b may be within a range from 100.1 mm to 101 mm, particularly 100.3 mm to 100.8 mm.
  • a mark on cylinder liner 8 may be provided such that the fitter can install cylinder liner 8 in a desired orientation relative to engine block 2. That mark may be perceptible as a point of reference for the fitter, and may indicate, at least indirectly, major axis (D) of the oval shape of wiper contact face 30.
  • two marks 32 and 34 are schematically indicated in Fig. 2 .
  • marks 32 and/or 34 may be formed as grooves, removable pen strokes, and/or removable tape.
  • Wiper contact face 30 has a surface which may be at least partially smooth, honed, and/or knurled.
  • cylinder liner 8' including a separate wiper ring 36 is depicted. Again, engine block, piston assembly etc. are not depicted in Fig. 3 for the purpose of clarity.
  • Wiper ring 36 is installed in an annular groove 38 formed in upper section 26' of cylindrical sleeve 24' for wiping deposits from the top land of piston skirt 18 (see Fig. 1 ).
  • wiper ring 36 may be shrink-fitted in annular groove 38.
  • wiper contact face 30' has a defined non-circular oval shape viewed in direction of longitudinal axis B. Again, wiper contact face 30' particularly has an elliptic shape viewed in direction of longitudinal axis B. Alternatively, wiper contact face 30' may have - similar to wiper contact face 30 (see Fig. 2 ) - any other oval shape which is not circular.
  • an outer circumferential face of wiper ring 36 may have a circular shape viewed in direction of longitudinal axis B.
  • wiper ring 36 may include marks such as marks 32' and 34' to indicated the eccentricity axis of the elliptic shape of wiper contact face 30', which otherwise may be not perceptible to a human eye.
  • marks 32' and/or 34' may be formed as grooves, (removable) pen strokes, and/or removable tape.
  • wiper contact face 30' has a surface which may be at least partially smooth, honed, and/or knurled.
  • the cylinder liner with separate or integrally formed wiper contact face as generally disclosed herein is applicable in any internal combustion engine.
  • a major piston extension may at least complicate insertion of a piston into a cylinder liner with a conventional circular wiper contact face.
  • the major extension of the piston may be almost the inner diameter of a conventional circular wiper contact face, which requires an exact alignment between piston and cylinder liner if inserting the piston into the cylinder liner from a cylinder head side.
  • the major piston extension is greater than the inner diameter of the conventional circular wiper contact face, insertion of the piston from the cylinder head side is not possible at all. Instead, the piston may have to be elaborately inserted into the cylinder liner from a crankshaft side.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show assembly of the system disclosed herein.
  • Figs. 4 to 6 show engine block 2 with two installed cylinder liners 8 in a top view, and in a cut view along sectional plane E-E.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 further schematically show piston 10 during insertion into cylinder liner 8 from the cylinder head side.
  • major axis D (see, for example, Fig. 2 ) of the oval shape of wiper contact face 30, which is that axis in which major extension a of wiper contact face 30 extends, runs parallel with crankshaft axis C.
  • Fig. 4 shows an assembly state of internal combustion engine 1, in which cylinder liner 8 is already installed in engine block 2 such that major diameter a of wiper contact face 30 extends parallel to crankshaft axis C.
  • piston 10 is inserted into cylinder liner 8 from a top side (the cylinder head side) of engine block 2.
  • piston 10 has - at least sectionally - an oval shape. Moreover, the ovality may be not equal along the piston height. Particularly, in the shown embodiment of Figs. 4 and 5 , piston 10 has a major piston extension c at a lower section of piston skirt 18. Alternatively, a piston may have a major piston extension in a middle section of the piston. For example, the middle section may extend between 20 % and 80 % of the piston height, and the lower section may extend between 0 % and 20 % of the piston height.
  • major piston extension c is smaller than major extension a of wiper contact face 30. Additionally, major piston extension c may be greater than minor extension b of wiper contact face 30. It is further noted that at piston crown 16, piston skirt 18 has a crown extension d, which is smaller than major piston extension c, and also smaller than minor extension b of wiper contact face 30.
  • piston 10 is oriented such that piston pin axis A is perpendicular to a common plane of longitudinal axis B and crankshaft axis C.
  • the major axes of both piston 10 and wiper contact face 30 are parallel to one another.
  • a minimum fitting clearance is required.
  • Composition of engine block 2, cylinder liner 8, and piston 10 may influence the fitting clearance.
  • a piston composed of steel for operating in an engine block and a cylinder liner composed of cast iron, respectively may have a fitting clearance between 0.2 ⁇ to 0.6 ⁇ of a nominal piston diameter, particularly between 0.3 ⁇ to 0.5 ⁇ of the nominal piston diameter.
  • a fitting clearance may be between 0.5 ⁇ to 1.4 ⁇ of a nominal piston diameter, particularly between 0.6 ⁇ to 1.3 ⁇ of the nominal piston diameter.
  • a piston composed of an aluminum alloy for operating in an engine block and a cylinder liner composed of an aluminum alloy, respectively, may have a fitting clearance between 0.05 ⁇ to 0.3 ⁇ of a nominal piston diameter, particularly between 0.1 ⁇ to 0.2 ⁇ of the nominal piston diameter.
  • the minimum fitting clearance may be situated between major piston extension c and major extension a of wiper contact face 30.
  • the minimum fitting clearance may be situated between major piston extension c and the minor extension a of wiper contact face 30.
  • Fig. 6 shows an assembly state in which piston 10 has passed wiper contact face 30, and was a rotated for about 90° about longitudinal axis B such that piston pin axis A runs parallel to crankshaft axis C.
  • piston 10 now has an orientation, in which insertion of piston 10 would have been not possible, since major piston extension c is greater than minor extension b of wiper contact face 30.
  • major piston extension c may be not necessarily greater than minor extension b of wiper contact face 30.
  • piston 10 is connectable to crankshaft 6 via piston rod 12 of piston assembly 4 as is depicted in greater detail in Fig. 1 .
  • wiper ring 36 may be not necessarily removed if pulling piston 10 out of cylinder liner 8' in direction of the cylinder head side if rotating piston 10 for about 90° about longitudinal axis B before pulling the same out.
  • wiper contact face 30 scrapes off deposits from the upper section of piston skirt 18, which is facilitated since piston crown extension d is smaller than minor diameter b of wiper contact face 30.
  • the scraping effect of wiper contact face 30 may be not equal along the upper section of piston skirt 18, because a clearance between wiper contact face 30 and the upper section of piston skirt 18 is not equally sized all around wiper contact face 30. Instead, regions of the upper section of piston skirt 18 facing wiper contact face 30 at stronger curved sections, which are connected by major extension a, have a larger clearance relative to regions of the upper section of piston skirt 18 facing wiper contact face 30 at moderately curved sections, which are connected by minor extension b. Generally, the smaller the clearance, the greater the scraping effect.
  • piston 10 During operation of internal combustion engine 1, piston 10, and, therefore, piston skirt 18 is pressed against specific regions of inner face 20. That phenomenon results from the presence of a so-called piston side force. Said piston side force may mainly result from an angle confined between longitudinal axis B of piston 10 and a longitudinal axis of piston rod 12, which constantly changes its spatial position and orientation relative to longitudinal axis B of piston 10 during operation.
  • regions of piston skirt 18 that are pressed against inner face 20 is wiped such that, if at all, only small deposits quantities deposit at those regions to reduce scratching of those deposits along inner face 20.
  • the disclosed cylinder liner 8, and, hence, wiper contact face 30 may take this into account, since the endangered regions of piston skirt 18 are arranged close to wiper contact face 30 (see Fig. 6 ).
  • the endangered regions of piston skirt 18 are those regions, which face the moderately curved sections of wiper contact face 30.
  • the clearance between piston skirt 18 and wiper contact face 30 is relatively small due to the design of wiper contact face 30 and the internal combustion engine assembly disclosed herein.
  • perpendicular and parallel as used herein may not necessarily mean perpendicular and parallel in a strict mathematical sense, but may allow tolerances of up to ⁇ 3°, or even more in specific configurations.
  • oval and “oval shape” are used to indicate a non-circular shape.
  • oval shape has an ovality unequal zero, whereas ovality is calculated as quotient of two times the difference between major extension and minor extension, and the sum of major extension and minor extension.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP14154562.4A 2014-02-10 2014-02-10 Revêtement de cylindre avec face d'essuyage de dépôt Withdrawn EP2905454A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14154562.4A EP2905454A1 (fr) 2014-02-10 2014-02-10 Revêtement de cylindre avec face d'essuyage de dépôt
EP14000471.4A EP2905453A1 (fr) 2014-02-10 2014-02-11 Revêtement de cylindre avec bordure d'arasement
CN201520089331.7U CN204511677U (zh) 2014-02-10 2015-02-09 汽缸套、汽缸套的刮擦环、内燃机的缸单元及内燃机

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14154562.4A EP2905454A1 (fr) 2014-02-10 2014-02-10 Revêtement de cylindre avec face d'essuyage de dépôt

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2905454A1 true EP2905454A1 (fr) 2015-08-12

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EP14154562.4A Withdrawn EP2905454A1 (fr) 2014-02-10 2014-02-10 Revêtement de cylindre avec face d'essuyage de dépôt
EP14000471.4A Withdrawn EP2905453A1 (fr) 2014-02-10 2014-02-11 Revêtement de cylindre avec bordure d'arasement

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EP14000471.4A Withdrawn EP2905453A1 (fr) 2014-02-10 2014-02-11 Revêtement de cylindre avec bordure d'arasement

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EP (2) EP2905454A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN204511677U (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016211396A (ja) * 2015-04-30 2016-12-15 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関
CN106438083A (zh) * 2016-12-08 2017-02-22 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 柴油机的气缸套
JP6868584B2 (ja) * 2018-03-16 2021-05-12 株式会社Ｉｈｉ原動機 エンジン
AT523642B1 (de) * 2020-05-26 2021-10-15 Avl List Gmbh Brennkraftmaschine mit zweitgeteilter Zylinderbuchse
WO2022044986A1 (fr) * 2020-08-25 2022-03-03 Ｔｐｒ株式会社 Bague de protection thermique pour chemise de cylindre, et moteur à combustion interne

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4229092C1 (en) * 1992-09-01 1993-09-09 Man B & W Diesel Ag, 86153 Augsburg, De Reducing the bore of cylinder liners - by transformation of austenite into martensite over a certain bore region
US20090095248A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-04-16 Yogesh Kumar Power assembly for internal combustion engine with in-cylinder deposit scraper
DE102011012507A1 (de) * 2011-02-25 2012-08-30 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Funktionsoptimierte Gestaltung eines Ringelements für Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine
CN202645749U (zh) * 2012-06-17 2013-01-02 芜湖市艾德森自动化设备有限公司 一种气缸套

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5881347U (ja) * 1981-11-30 1983-06-02 三菱自動車工業株式会社 シリンダ装置
FI106972B (fi) * 1999-06-04 2001-05-15 Waertsilae Tech Oy Ab Koksinpoistorengasjärjestely
US7438038B2 (en) * 2006-04-24 2008-10-21 Federal-Mogul Worldwide, Inc. Cylinder liner and methods construction thereof and improving engine performance therewith
CN202125365U (zh) * 2011-06-23 2012-01-25 扬州五亭桥缸套有限公司 一种气缸套

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4229092C1 (en) * 1992-09-01 1993-09-09 Man B & W Diesel Ag, 86153 Augsburg, De Reducing the bore of cylinder liners - by transformation of austenite into martensite over a certain bore region
US20090095248A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-04-16 Yogesh Kumar Power assembly for internal combustion engine with in-cylinder deposit scraper
DE102011012507A1 (de) * 2011-02-25 2012-08-30 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Funktionsoptimierte Gestaltung eines Ringelements für Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine
CN202645749U (zh) * 2012-06-17 2013-01-02 芜湖市艾德森自动化设备有限公司 一种气缸套

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Publication number Publication date
EP2905453A1 (fr) 2015-08-12
CN204511677U (zh) 2015-07-29

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