EP2900576B1 - System for unloading bulk material from a transport case, in particular a container - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a discharge system for bulk material from a transport container according to the preamble of claim 1.

From the WO 80/01793 A1 Such an unloading system for bulk material from a transport container, in particular a container, in a silo or other filling known, comprising an unloading device with a base frame which can be fastened to the transport container to be unloaded, wherein the base frame, inter alia, at least one screw trough is arranged. Furthermore, a dust seal is arranged between the screw trough and the discharge opening of the transport container and can be applied to this.

For a long time, bulk goods have been transported in standardized containers. The aim is to fill bulk goods in standardized loading equipment and to transport for transport on trucks, trains or ships. As loading equipment containers are particularly suitable. These containers are bulk containers for storage and transportation of goods that are robustly constructed and sufficiently resistant to permit repeated use by multiple means of transport and conveyance without reloading the contents. Such containers exist in a variety of sizes and are usually standardized.

Furthermore, the container facilities, such as dome lid, outlet flaps and / or grain slide, for easy handling of one in the other transport container. The so-called ISO standard containers represent the most well-known and most important container type. These are usually 20-, 30- or 40-foot sea containers as well as swap-body systems. With these will be a big part of the goods and general cargo trade. The advantage here is that the containers because of their standardized shape and dimensions with the most diverse means of transport, such as seagoing vessels, inland waterway vessels, railway cars and trucks, promoted and can be handled quickly.

Often, bulk goods are also stored in silos and bunkers, from which it must be removed and filled into such containers. Typical bulk materials are building materials such as topsoil, sand, gravel, gravel, cement, other mineral goods such as ore, road salt, and foods such as grain, sugar, table salt, coffee, flour and powdery goods such as pigments, fillers, granules, pellets, etc.

During transport, a distinction between continuous, so continuous flow transport, eg Muldengurtförderer and bucket elevators and pneumatic fluid conveying in air streams, eg in bulk or bulk bunkers of ships, in trough and high-board vehicles, silo trucks, trucks, railway cars, etc., in bags , Big bags, bulk ships, bulk containers and the like as transport containers for light, lumpy goods or bulk goods.

Containers are usually lined with a plastic liner - so-called container liner - which contains the bulk material. This container liner can be placed under vacuum or pressure, thus protecting the bulk from self-damaging materials as well as from heating, frostbite, contamination and parasitic infestation.

• Das Schüttgut wird beispielsweise auf Loren, z.B. Eisenbahnwagen, verladen. Diese werden zu einem anderen Ort transportiert und umgeschlagen auf ein Losegutschiff. Dieses wiederum fährt an einen anderen Ort, wo das Schüttgut in relativ kleine Säcke gepackt wird. Diese Säcke werden palettiert und mittels Lastkraftwagen, Eisenbahnwaggons usw. zum Endverbraucher wiederum an einen anderen Ort transportiert. Der Endverbraucher möchte das in den Säcken befindliche Schüttgut natürlich wieder z.B. in einem Hochsilo lagern oder es direkt der Weiterverarbeitung zuführen. Dazu werden die Säcke geschlitzt und dem Hochsilo zugeführt.

The loading and transport process of bulk material is a complex and varied process. In this case, a transport and unloading procedure can be carried out as follows:

• The bulk material is loaded, for example, on lorries, eg railroad cars. These are transported to another location and transhipped to a loose cargo ship. This in turn drives to another location, where the bulk material is packed in relatively small sacks. These bags are palletized and transported by truck, railway wagons, etc. to the end user again to another location. Of course, the end user would like to store the bulk material in the bags, for example, in a high silo or to feed it directly to further processing. For this, the bags are slit and fed to the high silo.

A disadvantage of these frequently used envelopes is the great danger of contaminating the bulk material or of mixing packaging components under the bulk material when unpacking.

It is an object of the invention to provide a discharge system of the type mentioned, with which the process of discharging the bulk material can be performed easier, cheaper, less time-consuming, efficient and free of contamination.

According to the invention the object is achieved in that a connection of the unloading to the transport container to be unloaded takes place such that the dust seal the unloading with a flexible outlet device having separate individual wall, similar to the rear wall of a container liner, at an opening of the transport container attached, dustproof is connected.

This type of discharge is particularly desirable if the transport container itself does not comprise a container liner.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the screw trough is horizontally movable on a guide or arranged tilting or pivoting.

Furthermore, the attachment of the unloading device to the transport container to be unloaded as well as the movement of the screw trough on the guide takes place pneumatically, hydraulically, electrically or mechanically or in their combination. In addition, the locking and securing systems between the unloading device and the transport container to be unloaded are performed pneumatically, hydraulically, electrically or mechanically or in their combination.

The trained on Containerliner flexible outlet device has an opening device which is designed as a ripcord, zipper or equivalent resealable system, which can be opened and optionally closed again. The manual or automatic opening device ensures that no packaging components be fed to the flow of material. Furthermore, the flexible outlet device of the container liner can be designed as a double-walled disposable or reusable hygiene spout for transferring the bulk material from the transport container to the unloading device.

Furthermore, the dust seal is designed as a pressurized, preferably made of hollow rubber, or self-adapting seal, preferably made of solid rubber, or vacuum-sealing. But it can also be used, for example, a load, adhesive, rigid or welding seal. This is carried out in the area of the flexible outlet device of the container liner or as well as over the complete opening area of the transport container, in order to ensure emission-free and contamination-free discharge even in this extreme case.

Thus formed on the container liner flexible outlet device and arranged between the screw trough and the discharge port of the transport container dust seal during unloading a double seal and thus a hermetic sealed transfer area of the bulk material from the transport container to the unloading.

According to a further embodiment of the unloading system, the unloading device has a metering device as discharge aid, which is designed as a rotary valve, cycle lock, suction shoe or another pressure transmitter vessel. This metering device improves the flow behavior of the bulk material by pressure equalization. In addition, the metering allows a positive or negative pressure in the transport container to ensure a metered unloading of the bulk material, for example under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ventilation device developed for the purpose of unloading bulk materials By means of pressure waves, also referred to as Bulkshoker cause in coordination with the pressure equalization generating locks a sudden pressure change in the transport container, resulting in a loosening and complete discharge even with non-dumped transport containers.

Furthermore, the metered contamination-free and emission-free bulk material discharge allows processing of the material to be discharged, z. As by microwave drying, fumigation, moistening, finishing, screening or quality mixing or segregation, impregnation of the bulk material, including pest control.

The unloading device is attached for unloading directly to a transport container, for example a standard shipping container. The attachment to mobile cargo rooms, such as a truck, is basically independent of the existing chassis of the vehicle. For difficult-to-handle bulk materials, the unloading device can remain at a customer's site or carried along on the transport container and attached to the discharge of bulk material to the transport container.

When unloading bulk materials which are very prone to dusting, e.g. Powders, or bulk materials that have difficult product properties, such as Tendency to bridge or chain formation or to a strong compaction, it is necessary to produce a dust-tight connection with the unloading. This happens as close as possible to the transport container to be unloaded in order to facilitate the additional attachment of the discharge aids described above.

The unloading device may also be separately foldable or foldable in a transport device, e.g. a pallet box, be carried. It may also be provided that the unloading device e.g. hydraulically attach to the rear of the chassis and, if necessary, to the transport container to be unloaded, e.g. a container or truck semi-trailer, to swing. Or the unloading device is pushed or hooked below the chassis of the truck by means of industrial truck.

For road transport, the unloading device for compliance with road traffic regulations with a Lighting system for overhang protection and underrun protection equipped, which may belong as special equipment to the unloading system. These can be designed to be foldable, pluggable or insertable and to be pneumatically, hydraulically, electrically or mechanically adjustable. The connection to the electrical system of the mobility-ensuring vehicle is preferably via standardized electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic connections as well as dual systems.

In the unloading device, the entire width of the transport container can be used as a discharge zone in order to realize the largest possible opening and to ensure a uniform slipping of the bulk material. Immediately with the discharge, the bulk material can be blown directly into, for example, a high silo, a deep bunker, in packaging units or fed to a processing process. In this case, considerable costs and, above all, time can be saved when unloading the bulk material, in particular with regard to eliminated transport routes and transshipment operations. In this case, the transport container, such as containers, wagon, semi-trailer, etc. not only the means of transport, but at the same time be the package itself. The savings in logistics costs are in the range of approx. 45% and the time savings approx. 75% compared to conventional logistics methods.

The unloading system can also cover the hygiene requirements for the pharmaceutical, mineral and chemical industries.

Through sight glasses at the unloading device as well as an integrated weighing and flow rate measuring system, the unloading system ensures a portioned discharge of bulk material and can thus be connected directly to existing packaging or production processes.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained can be used not only in the combination indicated, but also in other combinations, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1

eine Perspektivansicht der Entladevorrichtung, die an einem von Schüttgut zu entladenden Transportbehältnis angebracht ist und

Fig. 2

eine Perspektivansicht der Rückwand eines Containerliners, der im zu entladenden Transportbehältnis eingesetzt ist.

The idea underlying the invention will be described in more detail in the following description with reference to an embodiment which is illustrated in the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of the unloading device, which is attached to a bulk material to be unloaded transport container and

Fig. 2

a perspective view of the rear wall of a container liner, which is inserted in the transport container to be unloaded.

The discharge system for bulk material described below initially comprises an unloading device 1 according to FIG Fig. 1 , This has a base frame 2, which carries the unloading device 1. The base frame 1 optionally has an auxiliary frame 3 or a cross-securing system and is attached to a transport container 4 to be unloaded, here by way of example by means of a container connection 5 to a container, at the open doors 6. To protect against injury to the operator, the subframe 3 can be designed to be foldable, lockable, folding or pivoting. However, the subframe 3 always meets after its fixation the protection to keep the goods flow away from the operator with the transport container 4 open. The base frame 2 also represents a protection when bulk material hangs when tilted on the rear wall of the transport container 4 to be unloaded and dissolves in the later course of the discharge jerky in the discharge direction.

On the base frame 2 a to the emptying of the transport container 4 to be emptied horizontally displaceable and lockable screw trough 7 with worm drive 8 is provided, with which the bulk material is discharged from the transport container 4. Furthermore, a guide 9 is arranged on the base frame 2, on which the screw trough 7 is mounted horizontally movable.

On Schneckentrog 7 Bulkshoker 10 is provided, which has the task of bringing about a sudden pressure change in the transport container 4 in coordination with a subsequent pressure-equalizing lock. In order to positively influence the discharge of the bulk material, especially in compressing materials, the bulk material is vented from the bottom of the transport container 4. This is ensured by venting in the pulse, clock or continuous system.

On the base frame 2 as a dispensing a metering device 11 is attached, which improves the flow behavior of the bulk material. Such a metering device 11 may be, for example, a rotary valve, a cycle lock, a suction shoe, a pressure-transmitting vessel or the like. The dosage of the discharged bulk material is done by adjusting the speed of the conveyor system, z. B. by means of the rotary valve. Likewise, a free fall emptying without the aforementioned conveyor systems is possible. All electrical and mechanical attachments 7, 8, 11 are infinitely variable.

Furthermore, a sealing surface optimization over the entire width of the transport medium to be discharged in the form of a pressurized or negative pressure and automatically adjusting dust seal 12 made of rubber material provided for emmissions- and contamination-free connection to a transport container 4. In this case, the dust seal 12 is arranged between the screw trough 7 and the discharge opening of the transport container 4.

In order to facilitate the attachment of the unloading device 1 to the transport container 4 to be unloaded, transport lugs 13 for industrial trucks, e.g. Forklift mounted, with the unloading device 1, for example, on the chassis of a truck, which carries the transport container to be unloaded, can be inserted or suspended.

In the transport container 4 filled with bulk material to be unloaded container liner 14 is inserted from flexible plastic. In Fig. 2 In particular, the rear wall 15 of the container liner 14 can be seen. This rear wall 15 is separately according to the invention separately attached to a container container containing no transport container 4, but is not shown again.

The rear wall 15 of the container liner 14 further has on its upper side a filling nozzle 16 for bulk material. In the lower region of the rear wall 15 is a flexible outlet device 17. In addition, the flexible outlet device 17 has a Opening device 18, which is designed as a ripcord.

By attaching the unloading device 1 to the transport container 4 to be unloaded, the flexible outlet device 17 is also connected to the dust seal 12 of the unloading device 1 dust-tight on the rear wall 15 of the container liner 14, so that a double seal is formed. When the double seal is made, the opening means 18, i.e. the ripcord, pulled so that the bulk material for discharging contamination and emission-free from the container liner 14 is released into the screw trough 7.

The container liner 14 is pneumatically pressurized so that it applies to the inner walls of the transport container 4 and the pressure prevents wrinkling. This is necessary to ensure the process reliability of the discharge. The prevention of wrinkling can also be assisted by a self-adhesive container liner 14 which applies to the inner walls of the transport container 4.

The bulk material can now flow through the outlet device 17 in the screw trough 7. The worm drive 8 conveys the bulk material towards the center. The worm drive 8 also allows crushing z. As sewage sludge or formed lumps in all solids sizes during unloading from the transport container 4. During the discharge, a separation of solid and liquid components as well as different grain sizes can take place. Separate components, namely segregated particle sizes, can be mixed or demixed before or during the discharge in the transport container 4.

If the bulk material to be unloaded is discharged from the container liner 14 by means of the unloading device 1, the screw trough 7 is closed again and locked.

Not shown fluidizing lances can be subsequently inserted into the bulk material material after opening of the container liner 14.

List of reference numbers

1

unloader

2

base frame

3

Subframe or cross-security system

4

transport container

5

container connection

6

safe door

7

screw trough

8th

worm drive

9

guide

10

Bulkshocker

11

metering

12

dust seal

13

transport receptacle

14

container liner

15

rear wall

16

filling union

17

outlet device

18

opening device

Claims (7)

1. An unloading system for bulk material from a transport container (4), in particular a container, into a silo or into another hopper, having an unloading device (1) with a basic frame (2) and possibly an auxiliary frame (3), whereas the basic frame (2) can be fixed to the transport container (4) to be unloaded, and a screw trough (7) with worm drive (8), a trough which can be shifted and locked horizontally with respect to the unloading opening of the transport container (4) is provided on the basic frame (2), whereas a dosing device (11) is arranged on the screw trough (7) for dosing the bulk material to be delivered, and a dust seal (12) is arranged between the screw trough (7) and the unloading opening of the transport container (4), characterised in that the unloading device (1) is connected to the transport container (4) to be unloaded in such a way that the dust seal (12) of the unloading device (1) is linked in a dust-proof manner to a separate single wall (15) having a flexible discharge device (17), similar to the rear wall of a container liner (14) which is fixed to an opening of the transport container (4).
2. The unloading system according to claim 1, characterised in that the screw trough (7) is arranged to be horizontally movable or tiltable or pivotable with respect to a guide (9).
3. The unloading system according to claim 2, characterised in that the unloading device (1) is fixed to the transport container (4) to be unloaded and the movement of the screw trough (7) is performed pneumatically, hydraulically, electrically or mechanically or in any combination with respect to the guide (9).
4. The unloading system according to claim 1, characterised in that the flexible discharge device (17) formed on the container liner (14) includes an opening device (18) which is designed as a rip cord, a zip fastener or an equivalent reclosable system.
5. The unloading system according to claim 1, characterised in that the dust seal (12) is designed as a pressurised gasket, preferably made of hollow rubber or self-adapting gasket, preferably made of solid rubber or a depressurising gasket.
6. The unloading system according to claim 1, characterised in that the dosing device (11) for dosing the bulk material to be delivered, is designed for easier delivery as a rotary feeder, a double-flap batching valve, a suction shoe or another pressurised source vessel.
7. The unloading system according to claim 1, characterised in that transport brackets (13) for forklift trucks are arranged on the basic frame (2).

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