EP2898568B1 - Elektromagnetischer absorber - Google Patents

Elektromagnetischer absorber Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2898568B1
EP2898568B1 EP13780077.7A EP13780077A EP2898568B1 EP 2898568 B1 EP2898568 B1 EP 2898568B1 EP 13780077 A EP13780077 A EP 13780077A EP 2898568 B1 EP2898568 B1 EP 2898568B1
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Prior art keywords
electromagnetic
resonating
dielectric substrate
designates
elements
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2898568A1 (de
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André DE LUSTRAC
Alexandre SELLIER
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite Paris Sud Paris 11
Universite Paris Ouest Nanterre La Defense Paris 10
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite Paris Sud Paris 11
Universite Paris Ouest Nanterre La Defense Paris 10
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
    • H01Q17/002—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems using short elongated elements as dissipative material, e.g. metallic threads or flake-like particles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic absorber.
  • the document US 7 826 504 B2 describes an electromagnetic absorber.
  • the document US-2011/0175672 discloses an electromagnetic absorber comprising a set of metal elements disposed on a semiconductor substrate. An electrical control is used to modulate the conductivity of the semiconductor substrate, thereby adjusting the electromagnetic absorption band of the absorbent.
  • a disadvantage of the electromagnetic absorbent described in this document is that it requires the use of an electrical control, which complicates its manufacture and use.
  • the invention provides an electromagnetic absorber according to claim 1.
  • the electromagnetic absorbent according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a passively desired electromagnetic absorption band. As a result, the electromagnetic absorber is simpler to implement.
  • an elementary pattern comprising a plurality of resonant elements of different dimensions is periodically repeated on the insulating dielectric substrate.
  • a resonant element may for example have a square, rectangular, polygonal or circular shape.
  • the thickness of the insulating dielectric substrate can be determined according to an electromagnetic resonance frequency of the predicted electromagnetic absorption band and / or a desired absorption level.
  • the electromagnetic absorber may further comprise a plurality of stacked absorption layers, each absorption layer having a set of metal resonant elements.
  • the invention also proposes a manufacturing method according to claim 8.
  • the Figure 1 represents an electromagnetic absorber 1 according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the electromagnetic absorber 1 here has a planar shape.
  • the electromagnetic absorbent 1 could have a curved shape, to allow the integration of the absorbent 1 in any curvature system.
  • An orthogonal coordinate system (0, X, Y, Z) is defined whose X and Y axes extend in the plane of the electromagnetic absorber 1, and whose Z axis is perpendicular to the plane of the absorbent 1.
  • the Figures 2 and 3 represent a portion of the electromagnetic absorber 1, respectively in perspective and in cross section.
  • the electromagnetic absorbent 1 comprises a metal ground plane 2.
  • the electromagnetic absorbent 1 also comprises an insulating dielectric substrate 3, disposed on the ground plane 2.
  • the substrate 3 is for example a fiberglass-reinforced epoxy resin composite (FR4 epoxy).
  • the electromagnetic absorbent 1 also comprises a set of resonant elements 4 metal, arranged on the dielectric substrate 3.
  • the resonant elements 4 are for example made of copper.
  • Each element resonant 4 may have any shape, for example a polygonal or circular shape.
  • the electromagnetic absorber 1 represented on the Figure 1 comprises resonant elements 4 of square shape and resonant elements 4 of rectangular shape.
  • the portion of electromagnetic absorber 1 represented on the Figures 2 and 3 comprises a single resonant element 4 of square shape.
  • the resonant frequency of a resonant element 4 depends in particular on the dimensions of the resonant element 4 and on the thickness of the dielectric substrate 3.
  • the absorption level depends in particular on the thickness of the dielectric substrate 3 and the periodicity of the the set of resonant elements 4.
  • the Figure 4 shows a curve representing the calculated reflection coefficient of an incident electromagnetic wave on an infinite array of 4-square resonant elements as a function of the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • Each resonant element 4 here has a square shape of 7mm side.
  • the grating is therefore periodic and formed of a set of identical resonant elements 4 with a period of 8 mm in the directions of the X and Y plane.
  • the substrate 3 is a FR4 epoxy substrate 0.3 mm thick. An incident electromagnetic wave propagating along the Z direction is considered.
  • the portion of electromagnetic absorbent 1 has a reflection less than 100%, and therefore an absorption, around the frequency 9.45 GHz, which corresponds to the resonant frequency of the resonant element 4.
  • the absorption is carried out by a plasmonic resonance effect of the resonant element 4 at its resonant frequency.
  • the set of resonant elements 4 of the absorbent 1 comprises resonant elements 4 of different dimensions and / or shapes.
  • the juxtaposition of the electromagnetic resonance frequencies of the different resonant elements 4 thus makes it possible to obtain one or more electromagnetic absorption band (s).
  • resonant elements 4 of different dimensions and / or shapes may be arranged on the substrate 3 so as to form an elementary pattern ME making it possible to cover the predetermined electromagnetic absorption band (s).
  • the Figure 5 shows an enlargement of the elementary pattern ME of the Figure 1 .
  • This elementary pattern ME comprises four square-shaped resonant elements 4a having a length L a of the side, four rectangular-shaped resonant elements 4b having a length L b and a width l b , four square-shaped resonant elements 4c having a length L c four rectangularly resonant elements 4d having a length L d and a width l d , four square-shaped resonant elements 4e having a length L e of side, four rectangular-shaped resonant elements 4f having a length L f and a rectangular width l f , and a central square resonant element 4g having a length L g of side.
  • the elementary unit ME may then be periodically repeated over the entire surface of the insulating dielectric substrate 3, or on part of the surface of the insulating dielectric substrate 3.
  • the number of periodic repetitions depends on the surface on which absorption is desired.
  • the figure 6 shows a graph representing the reflection coefficient of an electromagnetic wave incident on the electromagnetic absorber 1 of the Figure 1 according to the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • the curve Cs is obtained by a simulation, and the curve Cm by a measurement.
  • a minimum absorption threshold set at -10 dB is considered.
  • the passive metamaterial electromagnetic absorbent 1 described above has the advantage of being lightweight, thin, and conformable. It allows polarization-independent operation over a wide frequency band and wide range of incidence.
  • the electromagnetic absorbent 1 has in addition a very small thickness in front of the wavelength ⁇ for which it is calibrated. It is thus possible to achieve an absorption band with a simple structure of approximate thickness ⁇ / 45.
  • the thickness of the absorbent 1 is about 0.5 mm for a wavelength of 2.24 cm.
  • the absorbent 1 then comprises several stacked absorption layers, each absorption layer comprising a set of metal resonant elements 4.
  • the Figure 7 shows an embodiment of an absorbent 1 having four stacked absorption layers.
  • the electromagnetic absorber 1 here comprises a ground plane 2, on which is disposed a first insulating dielectric substrate 3 1 .
  • a first set of resonant April 1 metal elements is disposed on the first dielectric substrate 3 1.
  • a second dielectric substrate 3 2 is disposed on the first set of elements resonant April 1.
  • a second set of resonant 4 2 metal elements is disposed on the second dielectric substrate 3 2.
  • a third dielectric substrate 3 3 is disposed on the second set of resonant elements 4 2 .
  • a third set of resonant elements 4 3 metal is disposed on the third dielectric substrate 3 3 .
  • a fourth dielectric substrate 3 4 is disposed on the third set of resonant 4 3 sections.
  • a fourth set of resonant members 4 metal 4 is disposed on the fourth dielectric substrate 3 4.
  • the number of stacked absorption layers depends on the desired absorption and is not limiting.
  • the small thickness of the absorbent 1 makes it possible to produce a conformable absorbent 1 on surfaces of revolution with a small radius of curvature.
  • the electromagnetic absorbent 1 can mainly be used in the field of electromagnetic compatibility.
  • an insulating dielectric substrate 3 is disposed on a metal ground plane 2.
  • the substrate 3 is for example a composite of epoxy resin reinforced with glass fiber (FR4 epoxy).
  • a set of metal resonant elements 4 is disposed on the insulating dielectric substrate 3.
  • the dimensions of the resonant elements 4 are adapted as a function of one or more band (s) of desired electromagnetic absorption (s).
  • This process makes it possible in particular to simplify the manufacture of the absorbent 1, thus reducing its manufacturing cost.

Landscapes

  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Elektromagnetischer Absorber (1), umfassend:
    - eine metallische Masseebene (2),
    - ein isolierendes dielektrisches Substrat (3), das auf der metallischen Masseebene angeordnet ist,
    - einen Satz metallischer Resonanzelemente (4), die auf dem isolierenden dielektrischen Substrat angeordnet sind, wobei die elektromagnetische Resonanzfrequenz eines Resonanzelements durch Anpassen der Abmessungen des Resonanzelements eingestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wobei der Resonanzelementesatz Resonanzelemente unterschiedlicher Abmessungen umfasst, die so auf dem Substrat eingerichtet sind, dass sie ein Muster bilden, welches es ermöglicht, eine vorbestimmte elektromagnetische Absorptionsbande mit plasmonischem Resonanzeffekt der Resonanzelemente abzudecken.
  2. Elektromagnetischer Absorber nach Anspruch 1, wobei ein Elementarmuster, das mehrere Resonanzelemente unterschiedlicher Abmessungen umfasst, periodisch auf dem isolierenden dielektrischen Substrat wiederholt wird.
  3. Elektromagnetischer Absorber nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei ein Resonanzelement eine quadratische, rechteckige, polygonale oder kreisrunde Form aufweist.
  4. Elektromagnetischer Absorber nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei das isolierende dielektrische Substrat eine Dicke aufweist, die in Abhängigkeit von einer elektromagnetischen Resonanzfrequenz der vorbestimmten elektromagnetischen Absorptionsbande und/oder von einem gewünschten Absorptionsniveau bestimmt wird.
  5. Elektromagnetischer Absorber nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die elektromagnetische Resonanzfrequenz eines Resonanzelements von quadratischer Form durch Anpassen der Länge einer Seite des Resonanzelements so eingestellt wird, dass: f r = c 0 2 L ′ μ r ε r ± 5 %
    Figure imgb0011
     wobei:
    fr die elektromagnetische Resonanzfrequenz nullter Ordnung des Resonanzelements bezeichnet,
    c0 die Geschwindigkeit des Lichts im Vakuum bezeichnet,
    µr die relative Permeabilität des dielektrischen Substrats bezeichnet,
    εr die Permittivität des dielektrischen Substrats bezeichnet, und
    L' die Länge einer Seite des Resonanzelements bezeichnet.
  6. Elektromagnetischer Absorber nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die elektromagnetische Resonanzfrequenz eines Resonanzelements von kreisrunder Form durch Anpassen des Radius des Resonanzelements so eingestellt wird, dass: f 0 = z 0 2 πa με = z 0 ⋅ c 0 2 π a μ r ε r
    Figure imgb0012
     wobei:
    f(0) die elektromagnetische Resonanzfrequenz nullter Ordnung des Resonanzelements bezeichnet,
    a den Radius des Resonanzelements bezeichnet,
    c0 die Geschwindigkeit des Lichts im Vakuum bezeichnet,
    z0 = 1,841 das erste Maximum der Besselfunktion J1(z) 1. Ordnung bezeichnet,
    µr die relative Permeabilität des dielektrischen Substrats bezeichnet,
    εr die Permittivität des dielektrischen Substrats bezeichnet,
    µ = µrµ0
    ε = εrε0
    µ0 = 4π.10-7 H/m, und
    ε0 = 8,854187.10-12 F/m.
  7. Elektromagnetischer Absorber nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, der mehrere gestapelte Absorptionsschichten umfasst, wobei jede Absorptionsschicht einen Satz metallischer Resonanzelemente (4) umfasst.
  8. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektromagnetischen Absorbers, umfassend Schritte, die bestehen im:
    - Anordnen eines isolierenden dielektrischen Substrats auf einer metallischen Masseebene, und
    - Anordnen eines Satzes metallischer Resonanzelemente auf dem isolierenden dielektrischen Substrat, wobei die elektromagnetische Resonanzfrequenz eines Resonanzelements durch Anpassen der Abmessungen des Resonanzelements eingestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wobei der Resonanzelementesatz Resonanzelemente unterschiedlicher Abmessungen umfasst, die so auf dem Substrat eingerichtet sind, dass sie ein Muster bilden, welches es ermöglicht, eine vorbestimmte elektromagnetische Absorptionsbande mit plasmonischem Resonanzeffekt der Resonanzelemente abzudecken.
EP13780077.7A 2012-09-20 2013-09-20 Elektromagnetischer absorber Active EP2898568B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1258849A FR2995734B1 (fr) 2012-09-20 2012-09-20 Absorbant electromagnetique
PCT/EP2013/069544 WO2014044786A1 (fr) 2012-09-20 2013-09-20 Absorbant electromagnetique

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EP2898568A1 EP2898568A1 (de) 2015-07-29
EP2898568B1 true EP2898568B1 (de) 2018-11-14

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US (1) US9761953B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2898568B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2015534760A (de)
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WO (1) WO2014044786A1 (de)

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FR3024298B1 (fr) * 2014-07-25 2016-09-02 Airbus Defence & Space Sas Dispositif de protection contre la foudre
WO2016073537A1 (en) * 2014-11-04 2016-05-12 Flir Surveillance, Inc. Multiband wavelength selective structure
JP6485611B1 (ja) * 2017-04-11 2019-03-20 株式会社村田製作所 電磁波シールド材、電磁波シールド付き建材、及び電磁波シールド材付き物品
KR101908233B1 (ko) * 2017-06-29 2018-10-16 한양대학교 산학협력단 인공구조체셀 및 이를 포함하는 인공구조체
DE102017122196B4 (de) * 2017-09-25 2023-11-23 Technische Universität Darmstadt Identifikationselement und ein Verfahren zum Identifizieren von zugehörigen Objekten
KR102114632B1 (ko) * 2019-03-26 2020-05-25 홍익대학교 산학협력단 소스 재배치를 이용한 빔조향 멀티빔 고이득 안테나 설계 장치

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EP1806961A1 (de) * 2004-09-29 2007-07-11 Nitta Corporation Absorber für elektromagnetische wellen

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FR2995734A1 (fr) 2014-03-21
US9761953B2 (en) 2017-09-12
FR2995734B1 (fr) 2014-10-17
JP2015534760A (ja) 2015-12-03
EP2898568A1 (de) 2015-07-29
US20150229031A1 (en) 2015-08-13
WO2014044786A1 (fr) 2014-03-27

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