EP2898490B1 - Brandmeldeanlage und brandmeldenetzwerk mit einer mehrzahl von brandmeldeanlagen - Google Patents

Brandmeldeanlage und brandmeldenetzwerk mit einer mehrzahl von brandmeldeanlagen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2898490B1
EP2898490B1 EP13765740.9A EP13765740A EP2898490B1 EP 2898490 B1 EP2898490 B1 EP 2898490B1 EP 13765740 A EP13765740 A EP 13765740A EP 2898490 B1 EP2898490 B1 EP 2898490B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire alarm
fire
centre
network
monitoring
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP13765740.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2898490A1 (de
Inventor
Christopher Haug
Muhammed Ali Narin
Gunnar BOECK
Ulrich Oppelt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/009—Signalling of the alarm condition to a substation whose identity is signalled to a central station, e.g. relaying alarm signals in order to extend communication range
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fire alarm system with a plurality of fire alarms and with a fire alarm control panel, the fire alarm control panel being connected to the fire alarms via a first network, so that fire alarm data can be transmitted from the fire detectors to the fire alarm control panel, the fire alarms and/or the fire alarm control panel for outputting a fire alarm are designed or is.
  • the invention also relates to a fire alarm network with a plurality of such fire alarm systems.
  • While fire detectors are often used as stand-alone solutions in private households, so that they monitor isolated sections of a house, for example, and only issue an alarm if a fire is detected in this section, it is common in larger building complexes to use networked fire detectors use. Networking allows the fire detectors to exchange information with a fire alarm central unit, so that an overview of the dangerous situation in the building complex can be formed.
  • the pamphlet DE 10 2008 042 391 A1 discloses, for example, a fire safety device which has an evaluation module and an input module, the input module being automated with a plurality of fire sensors, such as temperature sensors, smoke or smoke density detectors, CO or CO2 sensors fire detector etc. is connected.
  • the fire safety device can trigger different countermeasures when a fire is detected.
  • the pamphlet WO 2011/109622 A2 discloses a detector with at least one sensor for measuring predetermined environmental parameters and with a processor for comparing the measured parameters with a plurality of threshold values. The processor determines whether at least one of the measured parameters exceeds one of the thresholds. In this case, the processor creates a corresponding message that is transmitted to a person via an Internet protocol network interface.
  • the pamphlet U.S. 2007/139183 discloses a wired or wireless sensor system for monitoring potentially hazardous conditions such as smoke, temperature, water, gas and the like.
  • a fire alarm system which is suitable and/or designed for a monitored area.
  • the fire alarm system is used for the automatic detection of fires in the monitored area.
  • the surveillance area may be formed as a contiguous or non-contiguous area in a complex.
  • the fire alarm system is arranged in a building complex, in a warehouse, etc.
  • the fire alarm system can also be used to monitor larger public areas such as train stations, airports, etc. as a surveillance area.
  • the fire alarm system includes a plurality of fire alarms.
  • the fire alarms are preferably designed as automated fire alarms.
  • the fire detectors are designed to automatically detect a fire.
  • the fire detectors have at least one sensor for detecting a fire, such as an optical scattered light sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor or a smoke density sensor, etc.
  • the fire alarm system also includes exactly one or at least one fire alarm control panel, the fire alarm control panel being connected to the fire alarms via a first network.
  • the fire alarm system is designed in such a way that fire alarm data can be transmitted from the fire alarms to the fire alarm control panel via the first network.
  • the fire alarm control panels are optionally connected to one another via a further network, in particular a LAN.
  • the fire detectors and/or the fire alarm control panel are designed to issue a fire alarm.
  • the fire alarm can be output, for example, via a siren connected to the signaling system or an optical warning device. It is also possible for the fire alarm output to be forwarded to rescue services via an interface.
  • the fire alarm control panel is connected to a monitoring control panel via a second network, the monitoring control panel being suitable and/or designed for monitoring an installation and/or maintenance status of the fire control panel.
  • the monitoring center is designed to monitor the installation and/or maintenance status of the fire detectors.
  • the monitoring center can be designed as an automated monitoring center that carries out the monitoring in an automated manner.
  • the monitoring center is designed as a person-supported monitoring center, with monitoring personnel being present who monitor the installation and/or maintenance status of the fire alarm center and, optionally, the fire detector.
  • the monitoring center has man-machine interfaces, such as computer workstations, which enable monitoring to be carried out by monitoring personnel.
  • the fire alarm system is divided into two areas in terms of architecture.
  • a first area which includes the fire detectors and the fire alarm control panel, is used to output the fire alarm.
  • this first area is designed to be capable of real-time, real-time being defined in that a reaction to a by a fire detected by the fire detector occurs within less than 10 seconds.
  • the fire alarm system includes a second area which is suitable and/or designed to monitor the installation and/or maintenance status of the first area. This second area does not have to meet the hard real-time requirement of the first area.
  • the first network has real-time capability in order to output the fire alarm without delay, whereas the demands on the second network can be lower.
  • the complexity of the fire alarm system can be reduced by separating non-real-time-critical functions from real-time-critical functions.
  • the second network is designed as an Internet connection, at least in a connection section between the fire alarm control panel and the monitoring control panel.
  • Internet connections in public networks nowadays suffer again and again from connection failures, but this is tolerable when monitoring the installation and/or maintenance status of the fire alarm control panel and, optionally, the fire alarms. In this way, the fire alarm system is comparatively easy to install and operate.
  • the second network has a private IP network in a connection section between the fire alarm control panel and the monitoring control panel.
  • private IP networks also called security networks - use ADSL, SDSL, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, HSDPA+/- technology.
  • the network partners cannot be reached from the public Internet and are therefore protected against dangerous attacks HSDPA+/- technology.
  • the network partners cannot be reached from the public Internet and are therefore protected against dangerous attacks from the global network.
  • An example of such a private IP network is the applicant's BOSINET-NGN.
  • the monitoring control center is arranged decentrally and in particular is arranged more than 10 km, preferably more than 50 km and in particular more than 100 km away from the fire alarm control panel. This configuration is only made possible by the functional separation of fire monitoring/installation and/or maintenance monitoring, since it is easy to transport installation and maintenance information even over long distances.
  • the first network which connects the fire alarms and the fire alarm control panel, is designed as a security network.
  • the first network is designed as a digital fieldbus system.
  • the first network is implemented as a so-called LSN (Local Security Network).
  • LSN Local Security Network
  • the LSN bus is designed as a 2-wire system, which transmits coded information via pulse width modulation.
  • Such 2-wire lines in the first network have a very high security standard, since they are available in different network topologies and different network monitoring mechanisms are known to detect gradual changes or faults.
  • the fire alarm data includes environmental sensor data, component status data and/or operating status data:
  • Ambient sensor data is to be understood in particular or exclusively as measurement data from the sensors in the fire alarms.
  • a scattered light intensity is output by a scattered light sensor in a fire alarm
  • a temperature signal etc. is output by a temperature sensor in a fire alarm.
  • the environmental sensor data represents smoke densities, temperature values or gas densities.
  • Component status data is understood to mean in particular or exclusively idle values of the sensors in the fire alarms, electrical voltages, currents and resistances of interface modules or batteries in the fire alarms and/or the supply lines, as well as the evaluation of faulty data telegrams to evaluate the quality of the transmission lines in the first network.
  • the logical states of the system components are recorded under operating state data. Changes in these logical states result, for example, from alarms, activations, configuration changes or if components are classified as disrupted or faulty as a result of changes in physical properties.
  • the fire alarm control panel forms a network node via which the data mentioned are transmitted to the monitoring control panel.
  • the fire alarm data or processed fire alarm data is stored in a suitable data format and prepared for data transmission via the second network to the monitoring center.
  • the processed fire alarm data may be summaries of the fire alarm data.
  • the monitoring center is designed to detect slow, in particular only slow, changes in the fire alarm data in order to monitor the installation and/or maintenance status.
  • the monitoring center is designed to detect drift changes in the fire alarm data.
  • Slow changes in the fire alarm data are understood to mean changes which extend over a period of at least 15 minutes, preferably over a period of at least one hour and in particular over a period of several days.
  • the monitoring center is designed to detect rapid changes in the sensor data in order to monitor the installation and maintenance status. By detecting rapid changes, transient changes can also be recorded. In particular, changes with a frequency between 1 Hertz and 0.1 Hertz are detected. In particular when detecting rapid changes, it is preferred that the monitoring device is designed to determine a periodic repetition of a pattern in the sensor data as the processing result. For example, it is possible to detect short-term, regular fluctuations in a longer cycle, e.g. in a 24-hour cycle.
  • the fire alarm data is applied as a data pattern and Standard patterns are compared to detect significant deviations.
  • a data pattern can be implemented, for example, by plotting a 24-hour cycle of the fire alarm data or partial data thereof.
  • the default patterns are recorded during normal operation. In this way, for example, continuous trends such as increasing resistances, which indicate the degradation or aging of a cable or component, or a drift in idle values, which indicate increasing pollution, are possible.
  • the monitoring center is designed to detect signal changes with a change frequency of less than 0.001 Hertz, preferably less than 0.0003 Hertz and in particular less than 0.00001 Hertz.
  • the fire alarm data it is preferable for the fire alarm data to be transmitted with a sampling frequency of less than 0.002 Hertz, preferably less than 0.0006 Hertz and in particular less than 0.00002 Hertz, since these sampling frequencies are sufficient for the slow changes to detect.
  • the monitoring center is designed to detect soiling of the fire alarm.
  • contamination for example, the idle values of light sensors, e.g. in a scattered light sensor, are constantly reduced. By reducing the idle values over several days or weeks, increasing contamination and thus the need for replacement or cleaning can be inferred. In this way, a maintenance status of the fire detector can be determined.
  • the change in voltage of a battery in a fire alarm is monitored by the monitoring center.
  • Such batteries are often used as an emergency power supply in fire alarms. Due to the battery voltage constantly falling due to self-discharging, it is possible to conclude that the fire detector is in a maintenance state.
  • a maintenance status can be closed by other components or modules of the fire detectors or the fire alarm control panel if certain values change over long periods of time.
  • the advantage of the invention can be seen in particular in the fact that extrapolation of the slow changes can also be used to infer replacement or maintenance of the components in the future and that such replacement or maintenance can be carried out in good time, at maintenance intervals, as a preventive measure .
  • extrapolation of the slow changes can also be used to infer replacement or maintenance of the components in the future and that such replacement or maintenance can be carried out in good time, at maintenance intervals, as a preventive measure .
  • signal changes are detected within a day or within 24 hours and compared with reference data records in order to detect periodic irregularities.
  • a temperature sensor to regularly detect a temperature rise at a time specified by the sun due to direct sunlight, which in extreme cases can even come close to a triggering temperature for an alarm.
  • the relevant fire detector is unfavorably positioned and should be moved during the next maintenance interval.
  • unfavorable installation positions for smoke detectors can be detected if, for example, smoke regularly occurs in the monitored area at certain times of the day due to trucks or due to planned burns.
  • the fire alarm network is characterized in that the fire alarm systems use a common monitoring center.
  • the fire alarm systems are distributed locally, in particular at a distance of at least 1 km, preferably at least 10 km, from one another.
  • the fire alarm network includes at least five such fire alarm systems.
  • the architecture proposed by the invention makes it possible for the functions that require real-time, namely fire detection and alarm triggering, to be regulated centrally in the area of the fire alarm system.
  • the function of maintenance and installation status monitoring is decentralized and can be taken over by a monitoring center for several fire alarm systems. This architecture means that components of the fire alarm network can be saved.
  • the figure 1 shows in a schematic block diagram a fire alarm system 1 as an embodiment of the invention.
  • the fire alarm system 1 comprises a plurality of, in particular, automatic fire alarms 2, which are used to monitor a monitoring area 3 are arranged.
  • the fire alarm system 1 includes more than 100 or 500 fire alarms 2.
  • the fire alarms 2 each have a fire sensor system, eg a temperature sensor, a scattered light sensor, a smoke gas sensor, a fire gas sensor or other specific sensors.
  • the fire detectors 2 can each have a self-sufficient energy source, in particular a battery, so that they are supplied with energy at least in emergency operation.
  • the fire detectors 2 are connected to a fire alarm control panel 5 via a first network 4 .
  • the first network 4 is designed, for example, as a network which transmits information via pulse width modulated signals.
  • the first network 4 is in the form of an LSN network from the applicant.
  • the connection between the fire alarm control panel 5 and the fire alarms 2 is made, for example, via a 2-wire line.
  • Fire alarm data B or processed fire alarm data B′ from the fire alarms 2 are brought together in the fire alarm control panel 5 .
  • the fire alarm control panel 5 and/or the fire alarms 2 are designed to issue a fire alarm.
  • they are connected to an alarm module 6, the alarm module 6 in turn being connected to signaling devices such as sirens, loudspeaker systems, optical signals, etc., in order to issue the fire alarm.
  • the fire detectors 2 , the fire alarm control panel 5 and the fire module 6 are arranged within or in the immediate vicinity of the monitoring area 3 .
  • the fire alarm control panel 5 has an output interface 7 which is designed to output the fire alarm data B or processed fire alarm data B′.
  • the output interface 7 is connected via a second network 8 to a monitoring center 9 in terms of signals.
  • the second network 8 can be a public Internet or a private IP network act. In particular, the second network 8 bridges a larger distance, such as greater than 10 km.
  • the evaluation extends in particular to periods in which the fire detector 2 and/or the fire alarm control panel 5 and/or the fire alarm module 6 are in a normal state/monitoring state, possibly repair state, but not in an alarm state.
  • fire detector 2, network 4, fire alarm control panel 5 and fire alarm module 6 are in a monitoring state.
  • the fire data B are evaluated in the monitoring center 9 in order to monitor the installation and/or maintenance status of the fire detectors 2 and/or the fire alarm center 5 in this way.
  • the evaluation can be carried out, for example, using statistical methods. In particular, only slow changes in the fire alarm data B are monitored during the evaluation, in particular changes that extend over a period of more than 10 minutes. Such slow changes indicate a change in the installation and/or maintenance status of the components, ie in particular the fire alarm 2, the fire alarm control panel 5 or the first network 4, and in particular are not justified by an alarm message or an alarm.
  • the fire detector data B can be divided into three groups: Ambient sensor data includes data recorded by the fire detecting sensors in the fire detectors 2 . In particular, these are measured values from temperature sensors, smoke gas sensors, fire gas sensors, smoke gas density sensors or scattered light sensors.
  • Component status data include signals for self-monitoring of the components, in particular the fire detector 2. This includes, for example, signal voltages on components, in particular on batteries in the fire detectors 2.
  • Operating status data include logical statuses of the components, in particular the fire detector 2, in particular with regard to the monitoring/alarm/maintenance status.
  • the second network 8 and the monitoring center 9 form a second area II, which must have lower real-time requirements.
  • area II for example, it is entirely tolerable for signals to be sampled only very slowly, e.g. with a sampling frequency of less than 0.0001 Hertz, or for delays in signal transmission of more than 15 minutes to occur.
  • the figure 2 shows a possible application of the fire alarm system 1 in the form of a diagram, a time t in months being plotted on the x-axis and a signal level I, for example in volts, being plotted on the y-axis.
  • Two limit values G1 and G2 and an interpolated signal curve 10 of fire data B are entered in the diagram.
  • the signal level decreases steadily, but very slowly over the 12 months shown.
  • Such a signal curve 10 can represent, for example, a battery voltage at one of the fire detectors 2, which slowly decreases over a period of one year due to the self-discharging of the battery.
  • the signal curve 10 can also represent a rest signal, for example from an optical sensor in the fire detectors 2, which is constantly reduced due to contamination.
  • Internal monitoring in the fire detector 2 or in the fire alarm control panel 5 can be implemented in both of the application examples mentioned.
  • FIG 3 a second application example for the fire alarm system 1 is visualized, in which case a 24-hour day is shown on the x-axis.
  • the two dashed lines D1 and D2 indicate a reference signal range over the 24-hour day as recorded when the corresponding fire alarm 2 was in a normal state.
  • the signal curve 12 shown can be the signal level of a temperature sensor or the signal level of a smoke sensor of the fire detector 2 .
  • the boundary line D1 Between 12:00 p.m. and 3:00 p.m., the signal profile 12 exceeds the boundary line D1, so that a fault is detected by the evaluation.
  • Such a fault can be caused by an unfavorable positioning of the monitored component—if the fire detector 2 and the alarm control panel 5 are in the normal state.
  • a temperature sensor it is possible for a temperature sensor to be heated up considerably by solar radiation and for this reason to leave the tolerance range.
  • the disruption can be evaluated as an error in an installation state, with the maintenance personnel monitoring the relevant fire detector 2 at the specified time during the next call, in order to be able to identify installation errors early in this way.
  • a further application can be based on the monitoring of error messages from the first network 4 in order to determine a maintenance status of the first network 4 .
  • the number of error codes is monitored as operating status data in the fire alarm control panel 5 .
  • a slow increase in the frequency of the error codes can indicate slowly developing line damage or an error in the interfaces of the components and thus a maintenance status.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
EP13765740.9A 2012-09-24 2013-09-20 Brandmeldeanlage und brandmeldenetzwerk mit einer mehrzahl von brandmeldeanlagen Active EP2898490B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012217162.2A DE102012217162A1 (de) 2012-09-24 2012-09-24 Brandmeldeanlage und Brandmeldenetzwerk mit einer Mehrzahl von Brandmeldeanlagen
PCT/EP2013/069618 WO2014044818A1 (de) 2012-09-24 2013-09-20 Brandmeldeanlage und brandmeldenetzwerk mit einer mehrzahl von brandmeldeanlagen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2898490A1 EP2898490A1 (de) 2015-07-29
EP2898490B1 true EP2898490B1 (de) 2022-07-06

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EP13765740.9A Active EP2898490B1 (de) 2012-09-24 2013-09-20 Brandmeldeanlage und brandmeldenetzwerk mit einer mehrzahl von brandmeldeanlagen

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EP (1) EP2898490B1 (pt)
DE (1) DE102012217162A1 (pt)
PL (1) PL2898490T3 (pt)
PT (1) PT2898490T (pt)
WO (1) WO2014044818A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3035311B1 (en) 2014-12-19 2019-10-09 Novar GmbH Bus master device for a hazard alarming system and a hazard alarming system using the same
EP3185228B1 (de) * 2015-12-22 2020-12-02 Schraner Holding GmbH System und verfahren zur überwachung von brandmeldeanlagen
CN106781192A (zh) * 2017-01-24 2017-05-31 深圳企管加企业服务有限公司 电气火灾预警方法和装置
CN106875615A (zh) * 2017-02-15 2017-06-20 江苏苏美仑智能科技有限公司 火灾预警与主动疏导物联网及预警、疏导方法
CN110895723A (zh) 2018-09-13 2020-03-20 开利公司 火灾探测系统-用于火灾设备的火灾智能信号发送
DE102018218929A1 (de) 2018-11-07 2020-05-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandmeldezentrale
DE102019111613A1 (de) * 2019-05-06 2020-11-12 Minimax Viking Research & Development Gmbh Servicevorrichtung für eine Brandschutzanlage, entsprechende Brandschutzanlage, System zum Betreiben einer Brandschutzanlage sowie zugehöriges Verfahren

Citations (3)

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US20070139183A1 (en) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-21 Lawrence Kates Portable monitoring unit
US20080309486A1 (en) * 2005-09-20 2008-12-18 Selflink Llc Self-configuring emergency event alarm system having connection to a public safety answering point
WO2011109622A2 (en) * 2010-03-03 2011-09-09 Honeywell International Inc. Aspirating environmental sensor with webserver and email notification

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008042391A1 (de) 2008-09-26 2010-04-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandsicherungsvorrichtung, Verfahren zur Brandsicherung sowie Computerprogramm

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080309486A1 (en) * 2005-09-20 2008-12-18 Selflink Llc Self-configuring emergency event alarm system having connection to a public safety answering point
US20070139183A1 (en) * 2005-12-19 2007-06-21 Lawrence Kates Portable monitoring unit
WO2011109622A2 (en) * 2010-03-03 2011-09-09 Honeywell International Inc. Aspirating environmental sensor with webserver and email notification

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT2898490T (pt) 2022-08-02
EP2898490A1 (de) 2015-07-29
WO2014044818A1 (de) 2014-03-27
PL2898490T3 (pl) 2022-09-26
DE102012217162A1 (de) 2014-03-27

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