EP2898275A1 - Four de cuisson à haute température - Google Patents
Four de cuisson à haute températureInfo
- Publication number
- EP2898275A1 EP2898275A1 EP13767034.5A EP13767034A EP2898275A1 EP 2898275 A1 EP2898275 A1 EP 2898275A1 EP 13767034 A EP13767034 A EP 13767034A EP 2898275 A1 EP2898275 A1 EP 2898275A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- movable elements
- tunnel
- high temperature
- cooking
- fixed structures
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
- F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
- F27B9/22—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace on rails, e.g. under the action of scrapers or pushers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
- F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
- F27B9/2469—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor the conveyor being constituted by rollable bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/38—Arrangements of devices for charging
- F27B2009/382—Charging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0059—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising tracks, e.g. rails and wagon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and devices for moving loads in furnaces, especially high temperature furnaces for firing ceramics.
- high temperatures will be used to denote treatment temperatures between 700 and 1800 degrees Celsius.
- an oven consists of an enclosure in which the conditions of temperature, pressure and atmosphere necessary for the transformation of the products to be cooked are carried out.
- baking tunnel will be used to designate the area delimited by the four adjacent walls which are: the two lateral walls also called “right feet”, the upper face called “vault” and the lower face called “sole”.
- the scope of the invention will be limited to furnaces in which the products to be cooked are introduced into the cooking chamber by one of the ends of the cooking tunnel and emerge after heat treatment either by the same end or by the end. opposite.
- each of the kiln cars consists of a slab of refractory materials and thermal insulators intended on the one hand to support the load of the products to be cooked and on the other hand to limit heat exchanges with the outside. from the oven.
- Said slab of refractory and insulating materials is supported by a metal frame itself equipped with wheels or any other mechanical means allowing the kiln car to be moved easily.
- the slab of refractory and insulating materials forms a heat shield between the high temperature cooking zone and the mechanical transport means located under the metal frames.
- the oven cars are arranged in contact with each other and thus constitute the sole of the cooking tunnel.
- the metal frame and said mechanical displacement means must be maintained at an acceptable temperature for the materials and lubricants used.
- forced ventilation or natural convection of the undercarriage area is usually provided in the furnace design.
- the refractory and insulating materials of the upper slab represent a mass of several hundred kilograms per square meter useful. They undergo the thermal and mechanical stresses of the cooking cycle repeatedly and are the source of maintenance costs for the operators.
- the upper slab and frame account for about thirty percent of the oven's heat consumption.
- the cooking tunnel is delimited by fixed walls constituting the hearth of the oven, the vault and the side walls.
- the products to be cooked are placed on rollers passing through the side walls of the cooking tunnel. Said rollers are supported and rotated by a mechanism located outside the cooking tunnel on the side walls.
- roller furnace Another disadvantage of the roller furnace is the lack of sealing due to the numerous passages of the rollers through the side walls of the cooking tunnel.
- the object of the invention is to propose a solution for moving the products in a cooking tunnel, all the walls of which are fixed and without any mechanical element intended for the movement of the products passing through any of the four fixed and adjacent walls delimiting said tunnel.
- the invention relates to a high temperature baking oven, comprising:
- the fixed structures pass through the cooking tunnel from one end to the other and comprise sections arranged end to end, each section being held in position by one or more support parts bearing on one or more of the fixed walls of the tunnel. Cooking.
- the movable elements are juxtaposed in mutual support and their displacement is ensured by the action on some of the elements located near the ends of the cooking tunnel.
- the rolling means said pads, consist of an assembly of two to six rollers to at least one cylindrical zone, interconnected at their axis by one or more spacers intended to limit the relative displacement of the rollers and to avoid that two adjacent rollers of the same pad or two successive pads do not come into contact.
- the profile of the rollers is adapted to the profiles of the sections of the fixed structures and the moving elements in order to ensure the longitudinal guidance of the moving elements during their movement.
- the profile of the movable elements is adapted to the profile of the sections of the fixed structures to provide longitudinal guidance of the movable elements on the fixed structures.
- the cylindrical zones of the rollers receiving the load of the movable elements are of a diameter different from those transmitting this load to the sections of the fixed structures.
- the pads move at a lower speed than the moving elements.
- the movable elements and the pads are taken again at the exit of the tunnel by a handling device which transfers them outside the tunnel of cooking until the entry to be used again.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a cooking tunnel equipped with oven cars according to the prior art.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a roller oven according to the prior art ..
- FIG. 4 shows a side view in section AA, an embodiment of a device according to the invention wherein the support parts of the fixed sections are placed on the sole of the baking tunnel.
- Figure 5 shows a section along BB of the view of Figure 4.
- FIG. 6 shows a front view, an embodiment of a pad according to the invention.
- FIG. 7 shows a side view, an embodiment of a pad according to the invention.
- FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a roller.
- FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the invention wherein the load transfers between the movable elements and the fixed sections relate to the same cylindrical areas of the rollers.
- FIG. 10 and 11 show an embodiment of the invention wherein the load transfers between the movable elements and the fixed sections relate to different areas of the rollers.
- - Figure 12 shows an embodiment where the longitudinal guide between the fixed sections and the movable elements is effected through the pads interlayers.
- - Figure 13 shows an embodiment where the longitudinal guidance of the movable elements is provided by the fixed structures.
- the different views show the side walls 1, the roof 2 and the floor 3 of the cooking tunnel and the loads of products to be fired 4.
- FIG. 1 shows an oven car 5, the refractory and insulating material slab 6, the metal frame 7 and the mechanical displacement means 8 according to the prior art of the wagon furnaces.
- FIG. 3 to 13 there are fixed structures 10, fixed sections 11, support parts 12 for holding in position the fixed sections relative to the cooking tunnel.
- the moving elements 13, the shoes 14, the rollers 15 and the spacers of the rollers 16 can also be distinguished.
- the support members 12 of the fixed sections 11 are placed on the hearth 3 of the cooking tunnel and held in position by a lock 17 on said hearth.
- the sections 11 of the fixed structures are also held in position on the support parts 12.
- Figures 6 and 7 show a particular embodiment of a pad provided with three rollers 15 spaced apart by two spacers 16 located on either side of the rollers.
- FIG. 8 are distinguished the two outer cylindrical zones of the same diameter 19 connected by a cylindrical zone with a smaller diameter 20 and two flat or conical connection zones 21 used for lateral guidance between the fixed sections and the mobile elements.
- the angle of the connection areas with the cylindrical areas can vary between 90 and 45 degrees.
- the movable element 13 rests on the cylindrical zone of the small central diameter 20 of the roller while the fixed section 11 is in contact with the cylindrical zones of large diameter 19.
- the lateral guidance is obtained by the contact on the lateral zones 21 of the roller. This arrangement reduces friction by naturally aligning the rollers.
- FIG. 11 shows an inverted arrangement of FIG. 10 where the mobile element 13 is then resting on the cylindrical zones of large diameters 19 of the roller and the fixed section 11 on the central cylindrical zone.
- the guide between the fixed portion 11 and the movable member 13 is provided by means of the spacers 16.
- the rollers 15 can then be cylindrical since they no longer provide the guiding function.
- the profile of the movable elements 13 is adapted to the profile of the sections 11 of the fixed structures 10 to provide longitudinal guidance of the movable elements on the fixed structures.
- the shoe 14 is held in the lateral position, in the case of FIG. 12, by the fixed structure, and in the case of FIG. 13, by the movable elements 13.
- the devices for moving products in a high temperature cooking tunnel according to the invention consist on the one hand:
- Said fixed structures 10 consist of sections 11 arranged end to end, each fixed section being held in position by one or more support members 12 bearing on one or more of the fixed walls of the cooking tunnel,
- Said movable elements 13 are juxtaposed in mutual support and their displacement is ensured by an action on some of the elements 13 located near the ends of the cooking tunnel.
- the installation according to the invention comprises devices 14 disposed between the fixed structures 10 and the movable elements 13 and facilitating the movement of said elements, designated by the term "pads".
- Cooking supports consisting of bars 18 or frames receive the products to be cooked and connect the upper faces of the elements movable 13 transversely to their axes of movement in the cooking tunnel.
- the pads 14 consist of an assembly of two to six rollers 15 interconnected at their axis by one or more spacers 16 intended to limit the relative displacement of the rollers and thus avoid two adjacent rollers 15 of a same pad 14 or two successive pads do not come into contact.
- the pads 14 are driven in translation by the rolling of some of the rollers 15 in contact with the sections 11 of the fixed structure 10 and the movable elements 13.
- rollers 15 which are not in contact with the sections 11 of the fixed structure 10 or the movable elements 13 due to geometrical irregularities are temporarily driven by the spacers 16 connecting them to the adjacent rollers.
- Said walls can thus accommodate the thermal and aeraulic equipment necessary for the cooking process such as, for example, burners, brew fans and fluid distribution ducts.
- the profile of all or some rollers 15 is adapted to the profiles of the sections 11 of the fixed structure 10 and the movable elements 13 to provide longitudinal guidance of the movable elements during their movement.
- the cylindrical zones of the rollers 15 receiving the load of the movable elements 13 are of a different diameter from those transmitting this load to the sections 11 of the fixed structure.
- the longitudinal guidance of the movable elements 13 on the sections 11 of the fixed structure is ensured by the inserts 16 of the pads 14.
- the profile of the movable elements 13 is adapted to the profile of the fixed structures 10 to provide longitudinal guidance of the movable elements 13 on the sections 11 of the fixed structure.
- the method for conveying the charges to be fired in an oven according to the invention comprises the steps of:
- the movable elements 13 and the pads 14 are taken out of the tunnel by a handling device which transfers them outside the cooking tunnel to the entrance to be used again.
- the industrial applications of the invention relate mainly to tunnel and intermittent furnaces in the ceramic and metallurgical industries and, more generally, to high temperature, controlled atmosphere or fast cycle treatment furnaces.
- the mode of displacement proposed by the invention makes it possible to overcome thermal losses due to the presence of mobile load carriers such as oven cars and to ensure perfect sealing of the cooking chamber.
- the use of the invention allows a reduction of the cooking cycles and the thermal consumptions in these industries and the improvement of the quality of the products by the homogeneity of the cooking conditions in the section of the cooking tunnel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1258857A FR2995987B1 (fr) | 2012-09-21 | 2012-09-21 | Four de cuisson a haute temperature |
PCT/FR2013/052018 WO2014044944A1 (fr) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-03 | Four de cuisson à haute température |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2898275A1 true EP2898275A1 (fr) | 2015-07-29 |
EP2898275B1 EP2898275B1 (fr) | 2019-05-01 |
Family
ID=47425037
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13767034.5A Active EP2898275B1 (fr) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-03 | Four de cuisson à haute température |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150241124A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2898275B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2995987B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2014044944A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1342041A (en) * | 1919-09-20 | 1920-06-01 | Richard C Drinker | Furnace floor-bar |
US1330223A (en) * | 1919-11-04 | 1920-02-10 | Morton A Turtle | Means for returning surplus balls in metal-heating furnaces |
US1409118A (en) * | 1921-04-19 | 1922-03-07 | American Steel Company | Annealing-pot carriage |
US1641186A (en) * | 1926-04-22 | 1927-09-06 | American Dressler Tunnel Kilns | Kiln car |
US3630439A (en) * | 1970-02-13 | 1971-12-28 | Cook & Assoc Inc F W | Track construction for dry kiln |
DE2016537A1 (en) * | 1970-04-07 | 1971-10-28 | Keller Ofenbau Gmbh | Firing kiln material handling system protec-tion |
DE2354463C3 (de) * | 1973-10-31 | 1981-06-04 | Griese, Klaus P., 3002 Wedemark | Einrichtung zum Beschicken von Brenn- oder Trockenöfen |
US4013403A (en) * | 1975-12-08 | 1977-03-22 | Pullman Incorporated | Support means for a roller hearth in a kiln |
NL7801629A (nl) * | 1977-06-10 | 1978-12-12 | Keller Ofenbau Gmbh | Tunneloven voor het branden van keramisch mate- riaal. |
FR2409475A1 (fr) * | 1977-11-22 | 1979-06-15 | Chronberg Sten | Procede et dispositif pour assurer le deplacement dans des fours tunnels de plaques de cuisson qui traversent le four |
US5112223A (en) * | 1991-03-04 | 1992-05-12 | Dal-Tile Corporation | Hollow load-bearing universal kiln car refractory modules |
GB9601483D0 (en) * | 1996-01-25 | 1996-03-27 | Groom Bryan Ltd | Kiln assembly |
US6383104B1 (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2002-05-07 | General Electric Company | Parts carrier with intergral rollers |
-
2012
- 2012-09-21 FR FR1258857A patent/FR2995987B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-09-03 US US14/430,380 patent/US20150241124A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-09-03 WO PCT/FR2013/052018 patent/WO2014044944A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2013-09-03 EP EP13767034.5A patent/EP2898275B1/fr active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2014044944A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20150241124A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
EP2898275B1 (fr) | 2019-05-01 |
WO2014044944A1 (fr) | 2014-03-27 |
FR2995987B1 (fr) | 2019-05-10 |
FR2995987A1 (fr) | 2014-03-28 |
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