EP2898154B1 - Structure murale avec un système d'isolation intérieure comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique avec des écarts de joints variables - Google Patents

Structure murale avec un système d'isolation intérieure comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique avec des écarts de joints variables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2898154B1
EP2898154B1 EP13765354.9A EP13765354A EP2898154B1 EP 2898154 B1 EP2898154 B1 EP 2898154B1 EP 13765354 A EP13765354 A EP 13765354A EP 2898154 B1 EP2898154 B1 EP 2898154B1
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Prior art keywords
thermal insulation
wall construction
sheets
capillary
internal
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EP13765354.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2898154A1 (fr
Inventor
Günter Kratel
Thomas Eyhorn
Helmut Weber
Gerd Borchert
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE201210018793 external-priority patent/DE102012018793A1/de
Priority claimed from DE201310006179 external-priority patent/DE102013006179A1/de
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Publication of EP2898154A1 publication Critical patent/EP2898154A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7675—Insulating linings for the interior face of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab

Definitions

  • thermal insulation materials are the microporous thermal insulation materials based on pyrogenic silicas or silicic acid aerogels. In addition to their non-flammability and physiological harmlessness, these are characterized above all by a high thermal insulation effect in the range from minus 200 ° C to 1000 ° C.
  • Microporous plates based on fumed silica, such as. B. in EP-A-1988228 described and / or aerogels, opacifiers, reinforcing fibers and possibly other additives such as precipitated silicas or fly ash are considered state of the art and are successfully used in numerous applications, including as core material in vacuum insulation panels (VIP).
  • microporous insulation materials and insulation panels were developed which are hydrophobic, i.e. water-repellent. So describe for example EP-A-1988228 and DE-A-102010005800 Process for the production of hydrophobic thermal insulation boards based on fumed silica.
  • a disadvantage of these water-repellent insulation panels is that they do not have any capillary-active properties, e.g. Wall moisture (condensate) to be able to pass through the thermal insulation layer to the interior by capillary action.
  • thermal insulation panels e.g. B. after DE-A-102010044789 are designed so that between a capillary-active cover plate and a capillary-active (boundary layer) carrier plate, thermal insulation elements with a lower specific thermal conductivity are installed in free spaces in such a way that they are surrounded by capillary-active webs which connect the cover and carrier plates to one another.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to achieve a slim interior insulation with the best possible thermal insulation, which on the one hand allows room air humidity to be absorbed into the wall through capillary-active, water vapor diffusion areas and on the other hand ensures that liquid water (condensate) is returned to the room through capillarity and evaporation .
  • an uncomplicated, inexpensive production of the thermal insulation board, as well as a simple application of the insulation system on site should be given.
  • a wall structure with an interior insulation system with thermal insulation panels the thermal insulation panels with a defined Joint width are fixed on-site by means of an adhesive on the wall on an existing or newly attached capillary-active layer and the joints are filled with a capillary-active layer, and the side of the thermal insulation panels facing the inside of the room is covered with a capillary-active layer and thus surrounded on all sides by these capillary-active layers are.
  • Capillary-active layer here means a layer with a water absorption coefficient w of> 0.5 kg / m 2 h 0.5 .
  • the joints are filled without gaps with the help of capillary-active, preferably heat-insulating joint compounds, mortars or plasters.
  • capillary-active preferably heat-insulating joint compounds, mortars or plasters.
  • the thermal insulation panels are also covered with a capillary-active, preferably thermal insulation layer, so that the thermal insulation panels are surrounded on all sides by the layers described above.
  • the capillary-active layer is preferably designed as a heat-insulating layer.
  • the capillary-active layer can consist of mortar or plaster, optionally reinforced with fabric, or consist of plates.
  • the capillary-active layer comprises calcium silicate plates.
  • the calcium silicate boards used according to the invention preferably have a density of 250-380 kg / m 3 .
  • the joints are filled with a capillary-active layer.
  • the width of the joints is preferably 5 to 30 mm, particularly preferably 8 to 20 mm.
  • the material of the capillary-active layer preferably has an average porosity of 50-70% by volume.
  • the joints comprise strips of calcium silicate or consist of them.
  • the water vapor diffusion resistance of the joint material is preferably 5-20.
  • the specific thermal conductivity of the joint material is preferably ⁇ 0.25 W / mK, particularly preferably ⁇ 0.15 W / mK and very particularly preferably ⁇ 0.10 W / mK.
  • Thermal insulation panels with a low specific coefficient of thermal conductivity are preferably used. These can be organic thermal insulation panels, for example made of polyurethane, or vacuum insulation panels (VIP). In the case of polyurethane and vacuum insulation panels, it must be ensured that they are not permeable to diffusion. Inorganic thermal insulation panels based on microporous silica are preferably used. Pyrogenically produced silica is particularly advantageous here. The fumed silica is usually obtained by flame hydrolysis. In this process, a vaporized or gaseous hydrolyzable silicon halide is reacted with a flame which has been formed by the combustion of hydrogen and an oxygen-containing gas. The combustion flame provides water for the hydrolysis of the silicon halide and sufficient heat for the hydrolysis reaction.
  • a silicon dioxide produced in this way is referred to as fumed silica.
  • fumed silica A silicon dioxide produced in this way is referred to as fumed silica.
  • primary particles are initially formed that are almost free of internal pores.
  • these primary particles merge via so-called “sintered necks” to form aggregates that are macroporous due to their three-dimensional, open structure.
  • pyrogenic silicon dioxide powders are ideal thermal insulation materials, since the aggregate structure provides sufficient mechanical stability, minimizes the heat transfer through solid-state conductivity via the "sintered necks" and creates a sufficiently high porosity.
  • thermal insulation board comprises waterproofed, pyrogenic silica.
  • the thermal insulation panels contain one or more opacifiers in addition to pyrogenic silica.
  • opacifiers include carbon blacks, titanium oxides, silicon carbides, zirconium oxides, ilmenites, iron titanates, iron oxides, zirconium silicates and manganese oxides.
  • a mixture comprising pyrogenic silica and opacifier generally contains 30 to 95% by weight of pyrogenic silica and 5 to 70% by weight of opacifier, based on the sum of pyrogenic silica and opacifier.
  • the specific thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation panels is preferably less than 0.04 W / m ⁇ K, particularly preferably less than 0.025 W / m ⁇ K.
  • the thickness of the thermal insulation board is preferably 20 to 70 mm, particularly preferably 30 to 50 mm.
  • the joint mortar or plaster ensures that the thermal insulation panels are installed and stabilized firmly and without air bubbles in the composite system.
  • the mortar masses or plasters should preferably be light mortars with high porosity and thus low specific thermal conductivity. However, capillary activity must not be impaired. Therefore, the diffusion activity of the overall system is controlled by the mortar and the joint width. In addition, VIPs must not be dowelled through the core or the edge foil. Anchoring is possible via the joints with large plates.
  • thermal insulation panels In order to ensure optimal bonding of hydrophobic thermal insulation panels with the joint mortars and plasters, which are present as aqueous systems, these can be used, as in DE-A-102010046678 described, be provided with a hydrophilic surface. Likewise, a hydrophilic lamination is as in DE-A-102010046684 described possible. Alternatively, the thermal insulation panels can also be wrapped in perforated shrink films. The perforation is used, inter alia. the maintenance of diffusion openness.
  • the thermal insulation board is fixed using an adhesive.
  • This adhesive preferably has a water vapor diffusion resistance number of 10-100, particularly preferably 15-50.
  • the capillary-active layer located on the inside of the room facing side of the thermal insulation board preferably has a water vapor diffusion resistance number of 5 - 30 and comprises mortar, preferably in a thickness of 10 mm - 30 mm or calcium silicate boards with a thickness of 10 - 30 mm, preferably with a Density from 250 - 380 kg / m 3 .
  • the thermal insulation panels can be laid freely, e.g. offset against each other or as it is the respective local situation, z. B. with reveals, required.
  • the structure of the thermal insulation system on the masonry to be insulated can be done in different ways and is represented as follows:
  • the inner wall (1) to be insulated is optionally given a mineral sealing slurry (MDS).
  • MDS mineral sealing slurry
  • the first capillary-active mortar layer, which can also serve as a leveling layer, is applied to this prepared wall (2).
  • the thermal insulation panels (3) are fixed over the entire surface of the capillary-active mortar layer (2) so that individually wide joints (4) are created between the individual panels.
  • Fixed thermal insulation panels and joints are filled and covered with capillary-active, preferably heat-insulating plaster (5). It is fixed by pressing the thermal insulation board into the mortar layer that has not yet set using adhesive (7) on the set mortar layer.
  • the thermal insulation board can be fixed by anchoring it (8) in the existing wall through the mortar layer.
  • capillary-active plates preferably made of calcium silicate (9), are glued (7) and / or anchored (8) without joints.
  • thermal insulation panels (3) and plasters (5) are applied to the resulting wall surface according to variant A).
  • capillary-active plates preferably made of calcium silicate (9), are attached to the capillary-active mortar layer (2) without joints.
  • the thermal insulation panels (3) are fixed on the resulting wall surface according to variant B).
  • the resulting joints are filled flush with capillary-active, preferably heat-insulating joint mortar (10).
  • capillary-active strips that are adapted in length, width and height to the joints, preferably made of calcium silicate, are glued in.
  • Panels, preferably made of calcium silicate (9a) are in turn glued and / or anchored to the surface created in this way, and the surface on the room side is then optically designed (11).
  • the thermal insulation panels (3) are fixed over the entire surface of the capillary-active mortar layer (2) by means of an adhesive (7) so that individually wide joints (4) are created between the individual panels.
  • the resulting joints are filled flush with capillary-active, preferably heat-insulating joint mortar or strips (10); alternatively, capillary-active strips, preferably made of calcium silicate, are glued in, adapted to the joints in length, width and height. Panels, preferably made of calcium silicate (9a), are in turn glued or anchored to the surface created in this way, and the surface on the room side is then optically designed (11).
  • capillary-active plates and strips are attached to the respective sub-layer with capillary-active adhesives (7).
  • capillary-active adhesives (7) In the case of thermal insulation panels with a hygrically active, i.e. hydrophilic surface and a hydrophobic core, simple adhesives, e.g.
  • Tile adhesive can be used.
  • corresponding active adhesives can be used for fastening which contain a sufficient amount of wetting agents and thus enable the surface of the hydrophobic thermal insulation panels to be wetted.
  • the adhesives used should have slightly higher diffusion resistance than the thermal insulation panels so that they can act as a water vapor barrier. Any condensate then arises on the adhesive surface and is returned by the capillary-active systems.
  • both the hydrophobic thermal insulation panels and the capillary-active thermal insulation panels can be additionally attached to the masonry with dowels, preferably made of plastic and flat anchors (8).
  • the plasters can be reinforced with fabric to further stabilize the overall system.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique, les plaques d'isolation thermique (3) étant fixées avec une largeur de joint définie côté paroi sur site sur une couche (2, 9) à activité capillaire qui existe déjà ou nouvellement appliquée et les joints (4) étant recouverts par une couche (5, 10) à activité capillaire, tout comme la face orientée vers le côté interne de l'espace des plaques d'isolation thermique (3) est également recouverte d'une couche (5, 9a) à activité capillaire, et lesquelles plaques d'isolation sont donc entourées de tous les côtés par des couches (2, 5, 9, 9a, 10) à activité capillaire, caractérisée en ce que les plaques d'isolation thermique (3) sont fixées à l'aide d'un adhésif (7).
  2. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la couche (2, 5, 9, 9a, 10) à activité capillaire est une couche d'isolation thermique.
  3. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la couche (2, 5, 9, 9a, 10) à activité capillaire est constituée de mortier (2, 10) ou d'enduit (5) ou de plaques (9, 9a).
  4. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les plaques (9, 9a) sont des plaques en silicate de calcium.
  5. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la largeur des joints (4) est de 5-30 mm.
  6. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la porosité moyenne des joints (4) est de 50-70% en volume.
  7. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que les joints (4) comprennent des bandes de silicate de calcium.
  8. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'indice de résistance à la diffusion de vapeur d'eau du matériau du joint (10) est de 5-20 et la conductibilité thermique spécifique est < 0,25 W/m.K.
  9. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que les plaques d'isolation thermique (3) sont des plaques inorganiques à base de silice pyrogène.
  10. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que les plaques d'isolation thermique (3) sont principalement constituées de silice pyrogène hydrophobe.
  11. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que les plaques d'isolation thermique (3) contiennent un ou plusieurs agents opacifiants.
  12. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce que les plaques d'isolation thermique (3) possèdent une conductibilité thermique spécifique inférieure à 0,04 W/m.K.
  13. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur de la plaque d'isolation thermique (3) est de 20 à 70 mm.
  14. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce que les plaques d'isolation thermique (3) sont des panneaux d'isolation sous vide.
  15. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce que la fixation des plaques d'isolation thermique (3) comprend un adhésif (7) présentant un indice de résistance à la diffusion de vapeur d'eau de 10-100.
  16. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce que la couche (5, 9a) à activité capillaire, qui se trouve sur la face orientée vers le côté interne de l'espace de la plaque d'isolation thermique (3), présente un indice de résistance à la diffusion de vapeur d'eau de 5-30 et comprend du mortier (5) ou des plaques de silicate de calcium (9a) présentant une épaisseur à chaque fois de 10-30 mm ou plus.
  17. Structure murale pourvue d'un système d'isolation interne comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique selon les revendications 1 à 15, caractérisée en ce que des ancrages (8) sont utilisés pour la stabilisation de la structure murale.
EP13765354.9A 2012-09-22 2013-09-18 Structure murale avec un système d'isolation intérieure comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique avec des écarts de joints variables Active EP2898154B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210018793 DE102012018793A1 (de) 2012-09-22 2012-09-22 Wandaufbau für Innendämmungssysteme mit verlegten Wärmedämmplatten bei variablen Fugenabständen
DE201310006179 DE102013006179A1 (de) 2013-04-10 2013-04-10 Wandaufbau für Innendämmungssysteme mit verlegten Wärmedämmplatten bei variablen Fugenabständen
PCT/EP2013/069375 WO2014044709A1 (fr) 2012-09-22 2013-09-18 Structure murale pour systèmes d'isolation intérieure comportant des plaques d'isolation thermique avec des écarts de joints variables

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EP2898154A1 EP2898154A1 (fr) 2015-07-29
EP2898154B1 true EP2898154B1 (fr) 2020-11-04

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EP (1) EP2898154B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2898154T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014044709A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2765251B1 (fr) * 2013-02-12 2016-12-28 Daw Se Composite d'isolation thermique en forme de plaque, et zones de composite d'isolation thermique, en particulier zones de plaque d'isolation thermique, comprenant des composites d'isolation thermique en forme de plaques, procédé de fabrication de composites d'isolation thermique et utilisation de composites d'isolation thermique pour l'isolation thermique de bâtiments
EP3031992B1 (fr) * 2014-12-10 2018-02-14 Daw Se Composé d'isolation thermique et zone composite d'isolation thermique ainsi que structure murale comprenant le composé d'isolation thermique ou la zone composite d'isolation thermique et procédé de fabrication de structures murales
EP3045600A1 (fr) * 2015-01-16 2016-07-20 Evonik Degussa GmbH Corps d'isolation thermique comprenant des éléments tensioactifs
CN106284715A (zh) * 2016-10-02 2017-01-04 康广云 免拆外墙保温板及其施工方法
CN107761985B (zh) * 2017-09-09 2021-03-19 洛阳丹赫节能科技有限公司 后置型加气混凝土墙体保温结构及施工工艺
US11987528B2 (en) 2018-07-18 2024-05-21 Kingspan Insulation Limited Process for hydrophobizing shaped insulation-material bodies based on silica at ambient pressure

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1236703A2 (fr) * 2001-02-28 2002-09-04 E.G.O. ELEKTRO-GERÄTEBAU GmbH Corps thermo-isolant
DE202010009060U1 (de) * 2010-06-15 2010-09-02 Microtherm N.V. Wärmedämmverbundwerkstoff

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EP1988228B1 (fr) 2007-05-03 2020-04-15 Evonik Operations GmbH Blocs et systèmes de construction avec isolation thermique hydrophobe et microporeuse et méthode de fabrication
DE202009008493U1 (de) 2009-06-17 2009-09-10 Remmers Baustofftechnik Gmbh Wandaufbau und Wärmedämmplatte
DE102010005800A1 (de) 2010-01-27 2011-07-28 Günter Dr. 87471 Kratel Behandlung von mikroporösen Wärmedämmstoffen zu hydrophoben Wärmedämmstoffen im Unterdruckverfahren mit siliciumorganischen Verbindungen
DE102010044789A1 (de) 2010-09-09 2012-03-15 Calsitherm Verwaltungs Gmbh Wärmedämmplatte mit eingelagerten hochwärmedämmenden bemantelten Platten sowie Bausatz dafür
DE102010046678A1 (de) 2010-09-27 2012-03-29 Günter Kratel Mikroporöser, hydrophober Dämmformkörper mit hygrisch aktiver, oberflächennaher Schicht
DE102010046684A1 (de) 2010-09-27 2012-03-29 Günter Kratel Stabilisierter Wärmedämmformkörper mit hydrophoben, mikroporösem Dämmstoffkern und hydrophiler Oberfläche

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1236703A2 (fr) * 2001-02-28 2002-09-04 E.G.O. ELEKTRO-GERÄTEBAU GmbH Corps thermo-isolant
DE202010009060U1 (de) * 2010-06-15 2010-09-02 Microtherm N.V. Wärmedämmverbundwerkstoff

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DK2898154T3 (da) 2021-01-25
WO2014044709A1 (fr) 2014-03-27
EP2898154A1 (fr) 2015-07-29

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