EP2897853A1 - Train routier alimenté par batterie pour le transport de conteneurs iso - Google Patents

Train routier alimenté par batterie pour le transport de conteneurs iso

Info

Publication number
EP2897853A1
EP2897853A1 EP13765683.1A EP13765683A EP2897853A1 EP 2897853 A1 EP2897853 A1 EP 2897853A1 EP 13765683 A EP13765683 A EP 13765683A EP 2897853 A1 EP2897853 A1 EP 2897853A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery
tractor
trailer
semitrailer
semi
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13765683.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Armin Wieschemann
Heinz Christoph EICHNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Demag Cranes and Components GmbH
Original Assignee
Terex MHPS GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Terex MHPS GmbH filed Critical Terex MHPS GmbH
Publication of EP2897853A1 publication Critical patent/EP2897853A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0416—Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0444—Arrangement on a trailer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0461—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from the side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/36—Vehicles designed to transport cargo, e.g. trucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/46—Vehicles with auxiliary ad-on propulsions, e.g. add-on electric motor kits for bicycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/14—Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
    • B60Y2200/142—Heavy duty trucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/14—Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
    • B60Y2200/145—Haulage vehicles, trailing trucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/14—Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
    • B60Y2200/148—Semi-trailers, articulated vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a semitrailer for ISO container with a tractor and a dockable semi-trailer, with at least one arranged in the tractor electric traction motor, which is powered by a arranged in the tractor semitrailer battery
  • the tractors have a diesel-powered propulsion system and are therefore responsible for a large part of the pollutant emissions in ports.
  • Tractors with trailers are also used in many other areas of industry for heavy load transport such as for slabs or coils.
  • Balqon Corporation Harbor City, CA, USA, has a Battery XE20 terminal truck with battery-electric powertrain (see www.balqon.com).
  • the terminal truck has a built-in lithium-ion battery that powers an AC electric asynchronous motor via a water-cooled inverter.
  • the terminal truck reaches a maximum speed of about 40 km / h.
  • the Lithium-ion battery consists of packages of lithium-iron-phosphate cells with a total of 700 Ah, 312 volts and 215 kWh. Recharging the lithium-ion battery with 80% discharge takes 2.5h; a full charge 6,5h.
  • a battery management system is also provided to monitor and optimally charge all cells to achieve the highest range of the terminal truck.
  • the battery management system balances the cells with each other, since the weakest cell determines the capacity of the battery, and other functions, such as avoiding deep discharges, are also taken over.
  • the terminal truck is equipped with a hydraulic fifth wheel to attach semi-trailers.
  • European Patent EP 2 176 1 14 B1 discloses a heavy-load vehicle for containers in which a tractor and a semitrailer are connected to one another
  • the heavy duty vehicle has a first electric motor drive and a second electric motor drive.
  • the first electric motor drive is for the operation of the heavy duty vehicle in the loaded state and the second electric motor drive is provided for the operation of the heavy load vehicle in the unloaded state.
  • international patent application WO 2009/053524 A1 describes a battery-operated heavy-duty tractor with a trailer for containers.
  • the heavy-duty vehicle is equipped with a first battery, with which the drive of the heavy-duty vehicle can be supplied with energy in the unloaded state.
  • the semi-trailer is equipped with a second battery, through which the semitrailer is energized in the loaded.
  • a trailer for containers which also includes a tractor and a semi-trailer.
  • the tractor is driven by an electric traction motor.
  • the traction motor is powered by a battery located inside the semitrailer.
  • a second battery for the traction motor is provided in the trailer.
  • Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2012-126306 A shows a terminal truck for containers with a tractor and a semi-trailer. Under the trailer is a battery for an electric traction drive suspended. The battery is displaceable transversely to the direction of travel of the trailer and connected to the trailer. Also, this battery can be solved by the trailer.
  • the present invention based on the object to provide an improved tractor of a semitrailer for ISO container with an electric traction drive. This object is achieved by a tractor-trailer tractor with the features of claim 1.
  • advantageous embodiments of the invention are given.
  • an improved tractor for ISO containers with a
  • the battery for charging the battery outside of the tractor is detachably connected to the tractor, out of the tractor and into movable and interchangeable with a charged battery.
  • the change process can be done manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically.
  • the charging of the battery thus takes place outside of the tractor or the entire semitrailer.
  • the chosen battery-electric drive has the advantage that compared to a diesel engine is about more than twice as high
  • a particularly simple change of the battery is achieved in that the battery for charging the battery transversely to a direction of travel of the tractor out of the tractor and moved into it.
  • a semitrailer which has at least a second battery in the trailer, which supplies the electrical traction motor of the tractor with electrical energy.
  • the tractor may be used for an arrangement of the additional battery.
  • a particularly simple change of the further battery is achieved in that the battery for charging the battery outside of the trailer is detachably connected to the trailer, out of the trailer and into movable and replaceable against a charged battery.
  • the battery for charging transversely to a direction of travel of the trailer from the trailer out and in moves.
  • the tractor has a vehicle frame and a driver's cab arranged thereon and the battery is arranged on the vehicle frame and seen in the direction of travel behind and / or under the driver's cab.
  • This installation site is particularly suitable for a designed as a lithium-ion battery battery, which has a lower weight compared to a lead-acid battery with comparable capacity.
  • the tractor has a vehicle frame and a front axle and a rear axle and the battery is under the vehicle frame and seen in the direction of travel between the front axle and the rear axle.
  • This installation location is particularly suitable for a designed as a lead acid battery, which has a higher weight compared to a lithium-ion battery with comparable capacity.
  • a high reliability of the tractor or the semitrailer is achieved in that the battery is designed as a lead acid battery.
  • the battery is formed as a lithium-ion battery.
  • the more compact construction compared with a lead-acid battery would allow the battery to be accommodated in the vehicle frame of the tractor.
  • a tractor of a semitrailer is a relatively short vehicle and thus there is only a limited installation space for a battery in the vehicle frame of the tractor available.
  • suitable cells with high intrinsic safety within the lithium-ion battery the safety of the tractor or its occupants can be increased because it reacts more stable in deep discharge or overcharging of the cells.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a tractor-trailer with a tractor and a semi-trailer in a first embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic side view of a tractor in a second
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic plan view of a semitrailer tractor according to FIG. 3 with an adjacent battery charging station
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a drive of the tractor
  • FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a harbor layout using the semitrailer tractors according to FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a semitrailer 1, in the usual way from a tractor 1 a and a semi-trailer 1 b coupled thereto consists.
  • Such articulated lorries 1 have a gross draw weight of up to 200 t in the heavy-duty version.
  • the semitrailer 1 is moved over rubber-tired wheels on a floor surface 3.
  • the wheels 2 are arranged in the usual manner on two axles 4a, 4b in the region of the tractor 1 a and on a further axle 4c on the semi-trailer 1 b.
  • the semitrailer 1 can be controlled manually by a driver or automatically guided.
  • a mixed operation is conceivable.
  • a driver's cab 5 is arranged in the front area of the towing vehicle 1, which often is provided with a swiveling seat which can be swiveled by 180 ° and which automatically reverses
  • the semitrailer 1 is in the usual way next to the cab 5 from a chassis 6, to which the wheels 2 are mounted on the front first axis 4a and the rear second axis 4b, and arranged in the rear area on the chassis 6 fifth wheel plate 7, the Part of a fifth wheel is.
  • the fifth wheel plate 7 can be raised and lowered hydraulically in order to be able to independently connect and uncouple the semitrailer 1 b.
  • the hydraulic stroke of the fifth wheel plate 7 makes it possible to lift fifth wheels up to 45 liters.
  • the fifth wheel plate 7 may be formed without the possibility of lifting, whereby a manual coupling and uncoupling of the semitrailer 1 b is required. It is also conceivable saddle plate 7 form only in the sense of a joint that a regular separation of tractor 1 a and semitrailer 1 b does not provide and thus tractor 1 a and 1 b semi-trailer connects to a fixed unit.
  • the semitrailer 1 shown in Figure 1 is battery-powered.
  • a battery 8 is arranged in the region of the tractor 1 a, which supplies at least one electric motor 9 (see Figure 3) with electrical energy.
  • a single electric motor 9 for a tractor 1 a provided, which acts on the wheels 2 of the front or rear axle 4a, 4b.
  • an electric motor 9 per axle 4a, 4b may be present.
  • an electric motor 9 is provided, for example, per wheel 2.
  • the semitrailer 1 has a one-axle or all-wheel drive.
  • the electric motors 9 per se may be DC or AC motors.
  • a transmission 10 (see Figure 3) may be arranged between the Electric motor 9 and the wheel 2 and the wheels 2.
  • This gear can be one or more stages.
  • a direct connection of the electric motors 9 to the wheels 2 is also conceivable.
  • an arranged in the trailer (optional) second battery 13 is provided.
  • Such semitrailer 1 can reach a maximum speed of about 40 km / h, so that the drive torque must be retrieved in a wide speed range and, where appropriate, manual transmission are used.
  • a Li-ion battery or a lead-acid battery can be used as the battery 8, 13 .
  • the technical data of Li-ion batteries regarding energy density, efficiency and lifetime are clearly superior to lead-acid batteries.
  • the low energy density of the lead-acid batteries leads to a high weight of the battery.
  • the weight of lead-acid batteries is in the range of about 6 to 10 t.
  • the lead-acid batteries require a long charging time.
  • With the Li-ion batteries is basically between variants for a high performance
  • Li-ion batteries are required with a high energy density.
  • Particularly safe here are lithium iron phosphate cells (LFP).
  • Li-ion batteries are their fast charging. Loading times of one hour are conceivable.
  • the battery on the chassis 6 of the tractor 1 a is arranged ,
  • the battery 8 is located at the rear of the driver's cab 5 and thus between the driver's cab 5 and the fifth wheel plate 7.
  • This location of the battery 8 is particularly suitable for use as lead-acid batteries 8 because they are larger and heavier than lithium batteries. Ion batteries are.
  • Li-ion batteries are lithium iron phosphate Cells (LFP).
  • LFP lithium iron phosphate Cells
  • Direction of travel F of the semitrailer 1 horizontally out or into this is movable.
  • the charging of the battery 8 thus takes place outside of the semitrailer 1 and the semitrailer 1 is immediately available again after a battery change.
  • the change process can be done manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically.
  • a semitrailer 1 b is coupled to the semitrailer 1 a.
  • the trailer 1 b is in the usual way a long trailer, which has no front axle but one or more rear axles 4 c, which are mounted under a frame 10 of the semi-trailer 1 b.
  • the front axle of the semi-trailer 1 b is formed by the rear axle 4 b of the tractor 1 a.
  • the tractor 1 a is built short.
  • the semitrailer 1 b not shown and arranged at the front supports, which provided for parking the trailer 1 b after successful uncoupling and depending on the design of the fifth wheel plate 7 for mounting and unhitching a trailer on the tractor 1 a.
  • a so-called and unrepresented king pin is arranged on the semi-trailer 1 b at the front under the frame 10, which is engaged with the fifth wheel plate 7 and a locking mechanism disposed therein.
  • the fifth wheel plate 7 and the kingpin are part of a fifth wheel, which has proven itself in semi-mounted vehicles 1, since this has a sufficient angular mobility to record through an uneven floor surface 3 caused angular positions between tractor 1 a and semi-trailer 1 b.
  • the semi-trailer 1 b does not have its own drive.
  • the semi-trailer 1 b on its frame 10 on a flat transport surface 1 1 for ISO containers 12, which are parked on the transport surface 1 1 for the transport of suitable lifting equipment.
  • FIG. 1 viewed in the direction of travel F, two ISO containers 12 having a length of approximately 20 feet are parked.
  • ISO containers are generally standardized large containers with standardized receptacles. points or corners understood for load handling equipment and anchoring elements.
  • ISO containers 12 are typically 20, 40 or 45 feet long. Also ISO container
  • a battery 13 arranged in the sense of an additional battery.
  • the battery 13 is suspended under the frame 10 of the semitrailer 1 b and between the third axis 4 c of the trailer 1 b and the tractor 1 a arranged.
  • the battery 13 is electrically connected to the electric traction motor 9 of the tractor 1 a.
  • an empty battery 13 is provided that it is interchangeable with a charged battery 13 and from a corresponding device transversely to a direction of travel F of the semitrailer 1 horizontally from the semi-trailer 1 b out or into it is movable.
  • the change process can be done manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a tractor 1 a is shown in a second embodiment.
  • This tractor 1 a substantially coincides with the previously described to Figure 1 Anlagenmaschinel b, so that reference is made to the description there.
  • the tractor 1 a differs in the arrangement of the battery 8, which is not arranged at the rear of the cab 5 but under the vehicle frame 6 and there between the front axle 4a and the rear axle 4b.
  • This location of the arrangement of the battery 8 directly in the vehicle frame 6 of the tractor 1 a is particularly suitable for designed as Li-ion batteries 8 batteries, as lead-acid batteries are larger and heavier than.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic plan view of a semitrailer 1 according to FIG. 2 in the region of an adjacent battery charging station 14, which is designed as a shelf storage, surface storage or linear storage.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a drive of the tractor 1 a is shown.
  • a DC intermediate circuit 15 is fed to which a first inverter 16 a is connected.
  • the first inverter 16a is designed as an asynchronous three-phase motor supplied with electrical energy.
  • more than one electric traction motor 9 can be provided.
  • the electric traction motor 9 drives via a gear 10 an axle 4a, 4b of the tractor 1 a.
  • a second inverter 16b which via an electro-hydraulic pump motor 17 hydraulic ancillaries 18 of the tractor 1 a such as hydraulic steering, hydraulic steering assistance, hydraulic brakes and hydraulic lifting device for the fifth wheel plate 7th
  • an additional brake system for example, a compressed air brake is provided in the semitrailer 1 for safety reasons, to ensure a safe and controlled braking even in case of failure of the electro-hydraulic or electric motor brakes.
  • the voltage in the DC intermediate circuit 15 depends on the
  • Lithium-ion batteries have a higher cell voltage of about 3.2 and lead-acid batteries of about 2.0 V.
  • the cells must always be combined to form a total battery.
  • a series or parallel connection of a large number of single cells is required.
  • the two inverters 16a, 16b have, for example, a control range from 0 to 480V and 0 to 60 Hz.
  • a converter 19 is connected to the DC intermediate circuit 15, the DC intermediate circuit 15 with the DC electrical system 15 of the tractor 1 a combines.
  • the DC link 15 has a conventional voltage of 24 and has in addition to a connected electrical system battery 21 onboard consumers 22 such as lighting, radio and air conditioning.
  • Inverters 16a, 16b are controlled by a controller 23. It is also possible in the semitrailer 1 energy recovery during
  • the recovered energy can be stored directly in the batteries or in short-term energy storage such as so-called ultra-caps or super-caps, which can be provided in addition to the batteries 8, 13.
  • the restoring is controlled and monitored by a battery management system.
  • the battery management system is operated with the aim of optimizing load times and maximizing energy recovery.
  • the tasks of the battery management system to avoid deep discharges, to monitor an allowable depth of discharge, to air condition the battery 8, 13 and to avoid overcharging.
  • Reliable protection against overcharging and overdischarging is ensured by a so-called cell balancing, which ensures a necessary charge equalization during charging and discharging. An effective compensation of charge differences, for example by aging or asymmetries in the capacity of the cells is thus ensured.
  • FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a harbor layout using the above-described articulated lorries 1 according to FIGS.
  • Tractor 1 method is part of a quay 24, on the means of a variety of semi-trailers 1, the ISO container 12 between several container crane bridges 25 and adjacent to the quay 24 container stacking warehouse 26 are handled with container stacker cranes 27.
  • the container stacking cranes 27 are in usually rubber-tired storage cranes - so-called (Rubber Tired Gantries, RTG).
  • the articulated lorries 1 run in a sea-side handling area of a handling terminal and pick up the ISO containers 12 from the container crane bridge 25 and deliver them to the container stacking cranes 27 or vice versa. Since the length of quay 24 of the cargo terminal is usually several hundred meters to a few kilometers, the routes of the semitrailer 1 are correspondingly long.
  • tractor 1 a and the semi-trailer 1 b are not decoupled from each other and can be considered as a single unit.
  • articulated lorries 1 are used in port transhipment terminals for other tasks, such as the transport of ISO containers for rail loading or the transport of special loads. In these cases, the operation often takes place with changing semi-trailers 1 b.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un train routier (1) pour conteneurs ISO (12) comprenant un tracteur (1a) et une semi-remorque (1b) pouvant être attelée au tracteur, au moins un moteur de traction (9) électrique monté dans le tracteur (1a) et alimenté par une batterie (8) disposée dans le train routier. L'invention vise à créer un chariot cavalier entièrement électrique perfectionné. A cet effet, la batterie (8) est disposée dans le tracteur (1a) et, pour sa mise en charge à l'extérieur du tracteur (1a), la batterie (8) est reliée de manière amovible au tracteur (1a), elle peut être sortie du tracteur (1a) et placée dans le tracteur (1a) et échangée contre une batterie (8) chargée.
EP13765683.1A 2012-09-18 2013-09-13 Train routier alimenté par batterie pour le transport de conteneurs iso Withdrawn EP2897853A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012108768.7A DE102012108768A1 (de) 2012-09-18 2012-09-18 Batterie-elektrischer Sattelzug für ISO-Containertransport
PCT/EP2013/069025 WO2014044613A1 (fr) 2012-09-18 2013-09-13 Train routier alimenté par batterie pour le transport de conteneurs iso

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
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DE102012108768A1 (de) 2014-03-20

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