EP2891930A2 - Vorrichtung zur Regulierung der Winkelgeschwindigkeit einer Triebfeder in einem Uhrwerk, das einen magnetischen Hemmungsmechanismus umfasst - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Regulierung der Winkelgeschwindigkeit einer Triebfeder in einem Uhrwerk, das einen magnetischen Hemmungsmechanismus umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2891930A2
EP2891930A2 EP14199882.3A EP14199882A EP2891930A2 EP 2891930 A2 EP2891930 A2 EP 2891930A2 EP 14199882 A EP14199882 A EP 14199882A EP 2891930 A2 EP2891930 A2 EP 2891930A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
resonator
annular
track
coupling element
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP14199882.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2891930A3 (de
EP2891930B1 (de
Inventor
Gianni Di Domenico
Pascal Winkler
Jérôme Favre
Jean-Luc Helfer
Baptiste Hinaux
Dominique Léchot
Patrick Ragot
Fanel Piccini
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Priority to EP14199882.3A priority Critical patent/EP2891930B1/de
Publication of EP2891930A2 publication Critical patent/EP2891930A2/de
Publication of EP2891930A3 publication Critical patent/EP2891930A3/de
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C5/00—Electric or magnetic means for converting oscillatory to rotary motion in time-pieces, i.e. electric or magnetic escapements
    • G04C5/005—Magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/32—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G04C3/06—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G04C3/06—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance
    • G04C3/065—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance the balance controlling gear-train by means of static switches, e.g. transistor circuits
    • G04C3/066—Constructional details, e.g. disposition of coils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G04C3/06—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance
    • G04C3/065—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance the balance controlling gear-train by means of static switches, e.g. transistor circuits
    • G04C3/067—Driving circuits with distinct detecting and driving coils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C5/00—Electric or magnetic means for converting oscillatory to rotary motion in time-pieces, i.e. electric or magnetic escapements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of devices regulating the relative angular velocity between a magnetic structure and a resonator magnetically coupled so as to define an oscillator together.
  • the regulating device of the present invention paces the course of a mechanical clockwork movement. More particularly, the invention relates to magnetic escapements for mechanical watch movements in which there is provided a direct magnetic coupling between a resonator and a magnetic structure. In general, its function is to subject the mobile rotation frequencies of a counter wheel of such a watch movement to the resonance frequency of the resonator.
  • This regulator device thus comprises a resonator, an oscillating portion of which is provided with at least one magnetic coupling element, and a magnetic escapement arranged to control the relative angular velocity between a magnetic structure forming this magnetic escapement and this resonator. It replaces the sprung balance and the classic exhaust mechanism, including the exhaust with a Swiss-type anchor and a toothed escape wheel.
  • the resonator or the magnetic structure is integral in rotation with a mobile driven in rotation with a certain engine torque which maintains oscillation of the resonator.
  • the mobile is incorporated in a cog or more generally a kinematic chain of a mechanism. This oscillation makes it possible to adjust the relative angular velocity between the magnetic structure and the resonator by virtue of the magnetic coupling between them.
  • the devices for regulating the speed of a wheel, also called a rotor, by a magnetic coupling, also called a magnetic coupling, between a resonator and a magnetic wheel have been known for many years in the watchmaking field.
  • a magnetic coupling also called a magnetic coupling
  • Several patents relating to this field have been issued to Horstmann Clifford Magnetics for inventions by CF Clifford.
  • the control devices described in these documents have various disadvantages, in particular anisochronism problem (defined as a non-isochronism, that is to say an absence of isochronism), namely a significant variation of the pulsation ( angular velocity) of the rotor as a function of the engine torque applied to this rotor.
  • anisochronism problem defined as a non-isochronism, that is to say an absence of isochronism
  • the reasons for this anisochronism were included in the context of the
  • FIG. 1 is schematically represented an oscillator forming a magnetic escapement 2 of the type described in the abovementioned Japanese documents, but already optimized by the fact that the magnetic teeth 14 and 16 of the wheel 4 define annular sectors which each extend over a half-period of oscillation and by selecting a coupling element with a round or square end for the resonator, to better allow comparison with an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. Figure 5 and objectively demonstrate the benefits of the present invention.
  • the wheel 4 comprises a first series of teeth 14 separated respectively by a first series of holes 15 which together define a first annular track.
  • This wheel further comprises a second series of teeth 16 separated respectively by a second series of holes 17 which together define a second annular track.
  • the teeth 14 and 16 are formed by a magnetic material with high magnetic permeability, in particular a ferromagnetic material.
  • the two sets of teeth are respectively connected by an outer ring 18 and an inner ring 19 formed of the same magnetic material.
  • the two annular tracks are adjacent and delimited by a circle 20 which corresponds to the rest position of the magnet 12, located at its center, of the resonator 6 for any angular position of the wheel 4. that is, at the position where the resonator has minimal elastic deformation energy.
  • the resonator is represented symbolically by a spring 8, corresponding to its elastic deformation capacity defined by an elastic constant, and by an inertia defined by its mass and its structure.
  • the resonator is able to oscillate with a natural frequency in at least one resonance mode where the magnet 12 has a radial oscillation.
  • this schematic representation of the resonator 6 means that, in the context of the present invention, it is not limited to a few particular variants. What is important is that the resonator comprises at least one magnetic coupling element 12 for magnetically coupling this resonator to the magnetic structure of the wheel 4 which is, in the example shown in FIG. Figure 1 , driven in rotation by a motor torque counterclockwise at the angular velocity ⁇ .
  • the magnet 12 is thus located above the wheel 4 and is capable of oscillating radially around a zero position located on the intermediate circle 20.
  • the magnetic teeth 14 and 16 form magnetic interaction zones located alternately on one side and the other of the intermediate circle 20, they define a sinuous magnetic path with a determined angular period P ⁇ , which corresponds to the angular period of each of the first and second annular tracks.
  • P ⁇ angular period
  • the angular velocity ⁇ of the wheel is defined substantially by the oscillation frequency of the resonator.
  • the magnetic potential energy (also called potential magnetic interaction energy) of the oscillator 2 which varies angularly and radially depending on the magnetic structure of the wheel.
  • the contour lines 22 correspond to different levels of energy magnetic potential. They define equipotential curves.
  • the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator at a given point corresponds to a state of the oscillator when the magnetic coupling element of the resonator is in a given position (its center being situated at this given point). It is set to a constant.
  • the magnetic potential energy is defined relative to a reference energy which corresponds to the minimum potential energy of the oscillator.
  • this potential energy corresponds to the work necessary to bring the magnet from a position of minimum potential energy to a given position.
  • this work is provided by the motor torque applied to the wheel 4.
  • the potential energy accumulated in the oscillator can be transferred to the resonator when the magnet returns to a position of less potential energy. , in particular of minimum potential energy, by a radial movement relative to the axis of rotation of the wheel (that is to say according to the degree of freedom of the useful resonance mode).
  • this potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy and elastic energy in the resonator by the work of the magnetic force between the coupling element of the resonator and the magnetic structure.
  • the engine torque supplied to the wheel serves to maintain the oscillation of the resonator which in turn brakes the wheel by adjusting its angular speed.
  • the outer annular track defines an alternation of areas of minimum potential energy 24 and areas of maximum potential energy 25 while the inner annular track defines, with a phase shift of one half-angular period P ⁇ / 2 relative to the first one. track (ie a phase shift of 180 °), an alternation of zones of minimum potential energy 28 and areas of maximum potential energy.
  • Figure 3 are represented two traces 32 and 34 giving the position of the center of the magnet 12 when the oscillator 2 is in operation and that the wheel 4 is thus rotated with a regulating its angular velocity. These plots are therefore a representation of the oscillation of the magnet with two different amplitudes in a reference linked to the wheel.
  • the oscillator accumulates magnetic potential energy at each alternation in zones of accumulation 26 and 30.
  • the force exerted on the magnet of the resonator is given by the gradient of the magnetic potential energy, this gradient being perpendicular to the level curves 22.
  • the angular component (degree of freedom of the wheel) works by reaction on the wheel while the radial component ( degree of freedom of the resonator) works on the coupling member of the resonator.
  • the angular force corresponds to a braking force of the wheel because the angular reaction force opposes the direction of rotation of this wheel.
  • the zones of pure accumulation substantially define annular zones Z1 ac * and Z2 ac *.
  • the accumulated energy is then transferred to the resonator in a central zone of pulses ZC imp *.
  • the gradient of the magnetic potential energy has a radial component which increases progressively with the rotation of the wheel while the component angular decreases to finally be zero. This gradient corresponds to a pushing force for the magnet and therefore to a pulse.
  • the thrust force is applied over the entire width of the central zone between the points PE 1 and PS 1 .
  • the passage through the central zone ZC imp * extends over an upper angular distance between the points PE 2 and PS 2 and, in the first half of the crossing of the central zone ( up to about the middle circle 20), the oscillation is substantially free, a pulse of less energy being given only in the second half of this crossing.
  • the term “accumulation zone” includes an area in which the magnetic potential energy in the oscillator increases for the various amplitudes of oscillation in the useful range of the driving torque; and an 'area of impulse' is understood to include an area in which this magnetic potential energy decreases for the various amplitudes of oscillation of the useful range of the driving torque and a magnetic thrust force is exerted on the coupling member of the resonator. according to its degree of freedom.
  • force of thrust it comprises a force in the direction of movement of the oscillating coupling member.
  • the averaging is obtained by an integration on the whole of the coupled magnetic field, which extends over a region of the magnetic structure all the greater as the magnet has a large end surface parallel to said general plane and the gap is big.
  • the vertical flank of a magnetic tooth adjacent to an opening in the magnetic structure in question gives, in the space of the magnetic potential energy, contour lines 22 which extend over an angular distance all the greater that the averaging effect is important.
  • this section and the airgap chosen already correspond to a more favorable arrangement than those of the prior art devices mentioned above for the operation of the oscillator, since sufficiently large braking zones 26 and 30 are provided while already limiting a little the radial distance from the central zone of pulses.
  • the range of values for the engine torque is relatively small and the regulating device presents an important anisochronism. This is shown on the graph of the Figure 4 where is represented the relative angular velocity or pulsation error ( ⁇ - ⁇ 0 ) / ⁇ 0 of the wheel 4 ( ⁇ 0 being the nominal angular velocity) relative to the relative torque M rot / M max applied to this wheel (for a resonator quality factor of about 200).
  • the various points 36 define a curve 38 corresponding to a strong anisochronism for a watch application. Indeed, a relative error of 5 ⁇ 10 -4 corresponds to a very important daily operation error, namely about forty seconds (40 s). Then, we observe an instability of the behavior of the oscillator when the relative torque approaches 80% (0.8), as evidenced by the point 40.
  • the relative torque remains in a narrow range between 0.6 (60%) and 0.8 (80%).
  • the watch movement must be designed so that the maximum acceptable torque corresponds to the maximum torque applied to the wheel 4 so that the torque will have to remain above 80% in this practical case.
  • the anisochronism increases rapidly to become enormous when we pass below this lower limit. We therefore understand an important reason for the failure of such magnetic escapements when they have been known for decades.
  • the present invention proposes a device for regulating the relative angular velocity between a magnetic structure. and a resonator, magnetically coupled so as to together define an oscillator forming said controller, as defined in claim 1 for a first main embodiment and claim 2 for a second main embodiment.
  • the magnetic structure comprises at least one annular magnetic strip centered on an axis of rotation of this magnetic structure or of the resonator, which are arranged to be rotated one by one. relative to the other about the axis of rotation when a driving torque is applied to the magnetic structure or the resonator.
  • the annular magnetic strip is formed at least partially of a first magnetic material of which at least a first physical parameter is correlated with the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator but different from it. This first magnetic material is arranged along the annular magnetic strip so that this magnetic potential energy varies angularly periodically along this annular magnetic strip and thus defines an angular period (P ⁇ ) of this annular magnetic strip. .
  • the resonator includes at least one magnetic coupling element (also called magnetic coupling member) to the magnetic structure.
  • This magnetic coupling element is formed of a second magnetic material, of which at least a second physical parameter is correlated to the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator, and is magnetically coupled to the annular magnetic track so that an oscillation according to a degree of freedom of a resonance mode of the resonator is maintained within a useful range of the motor torque applied to the magnetic structure or the resonator and a given integral number of periods, in particular and preferably a period, of this oscillation intervenes during said relative rotation in each angular period of the annular magnetic strip; the frequency of the oscillation thereby determining the relative angular velocity.
  • the annular track and the magnetic coupling element define in each angular period, as a function of their relative position defined by their relative angular position and the position of the coupling element according to its degree of freedom. , a potential magnetic energy storage zone in the oscillator.
  • the resonator is arranged relative to the magnetic structure so that an active end portion of the coupling element, located on the magnetic structure side, is at least substantially superimposed, in orthogonal projection to a general geometrical surface defined by the annular magnetic track, to this annular magnetic track during substantially a first alternation in each oscillation period of this coupling element and so that the path of the magnetic coupling element during of this first alternation is substantially parallel to said general geometric surface.
  • the annular magnetic track has a dimension according to the degree of freedom of the resonator coupling element which is greater than the dimension of the active end portion of the coupling element according to this degree of freedom.
  • the first magnetic material is arranged in each angular period so that, at least in a zone of this first magnetic material magnetically coupled at least partially to the active end portion of the magnetic coupling element for the relative positions of this element magnetic coupling with respect to the annular magnetic track corresponding to at least a portion of the magnetic potential energy accumulation zone in this angular period, the first physical parameter increases gradually angularly or decreases gradually angularly. It will be noted that the selection between an increase or a decrease of the physical parameter is carried out so that the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator is angularly increasing during said relative rotation; this follows implicitly from the fact that there are areas of accumulation of potential magnetic energy.
  • the aforementioned angular variation of the first physical parameter is provided in an area of the first magnetic material corresponding at least to most of the magnetic potential energy storage area in each angular period.
  • the angular variation of the first physical parameter is provided in an area of the first magnetic material corresponding substantially to the entire magnetic potential energy storage area in each angular period.
  • the first physical parameter angularly defines an increasing monotonic function, monotonically decreasing respectively.
  • the annular magnetic strip has a dimension according to the degree of freedom of the element of coupling of the resonator which is smaller than the dimension, according to this degree of freedom, of an active end portion of the magnetic coupling element located on the side of the magnetic structure.
  • they are measured in orthogonal projection to the general geometrical surface defined by the active end portion along an axis of the degree of freedom passing through the center of mass of the active end portion of the coupling element.
  • This axis can be rectilinear or curvilinear.
  • the general geometric surface comprises this axis of the degree of freedom, the active end portion extending in this general surface.
  • the resonator is arranged relative to the magnetic structure so that the active end portion is traversed, in projection orthogonal to a general geometric surface defined by this active end portion, by a geometric circle located in the middle of the track ring magnet during substantially a first half cycle in each oscillation period of the coupling element.
  • the second magnetic material of the coupling element is arranged such that, at least in a zone of this second magnetic material magnetically coupled at least partially to the annular magnetic track for the relative positions of this annular magnetic strip with respect to the coupling element corresponding to at least a portion of the magnetic potential energy accumulation zone in each angular period of the annular magnetic strip, the second physical parameter increases gradually angularly or decreases gradually angularly.
  • the selection between an increase or a decrease of the physical parameter is carried out so that the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator is angularly increasing in the areas of magnetic potential energy accumulation during said relative rotation; which follows from the term 'accumulation' used.
  • the above-mentioned angular variation of the second physical parameter is provided in an area of the second magnetic material magnetically coupled to the magnetic track for most of each potential magnetic energy storage area.
  • the angular variation of the second physical parameter is provided in an area of the second magnetic material magnetically coupled to the magnetic track for substantially all of each magnetic potential energy accumulation zone.
  • the second physical parameter angularly defines an increasing monotonous function, monotonically decreasing respectively.
  • 'magnetic material is meant a material having a magnetic property generating an external magnetic field (magnet) or a good conductor of the magnetic flux which is attracted by a magnet (in particular a ferromagnetic material).
  • the magnetic potential energy in each accumulation zone has substantially no variation depending on the degree of freedom of the resonator useful resonance mode.
  • the variation of the physical parameter considered is only angular, that is to say that this physical parameter is substantially constant in a radial direction, in each zone of said first magnetic material corresponding to a potential energy accumulation zone. magnetic in the oscillator.
  • the progressive increase or decrease of the first physical parameter of the first magnetic material, respectively the second physical parameter of the second magnetic material extends over an angular distance greater than twenty percent (20%) of the angular period of the annular magnetic track.
  • the ratio between the angular distance of the variation of the first physical parameter, respectively second physical parameter and the angular period is greater than or substantially equal to forty percent (40%).
  • the magnetic coupling element and the annular magnetic strip are arranged in such a way that the magnetic coupling element receives, during the aforementioned relative rotation between the resonator and the magnetic structure, pulses according to its degree. of freedom around a rest position of this magnetic coupling element.
  • These pulses define, as a function of the relative position of the magnetic coupling element and the annular magnetic track and for the useful range of the motor torque supplied to the regulating device, pulse zones which are substantially located in a central zone. impulses adjacent to magnetic potential energy accumulation zones.
  • the ratio between the radial dimension of the pulse zones and the radial dimension of the magnetic potential energy accumulation zones is less than fifty percent (50%). In a preferred variant, this ratio is less than or substantially equal to thirty percent (30%).
  • the magnetic structure is arranged such that the average angular gradient of the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator in the areas of magnetic potential energy accumulation is lower than the average gradient of this magnetic potential energy in the pulse zones according to the degree of freedom of the resonator and in the same unit.
  • the variation of the first physical parameter of the first magnetic material or of the second physical parameter of the second magnetic material is greater in the pulse zones according to the degree of freedom of the resonator, in particular radially, than angularly in the accumulation zones. potential magnetic energy.
  • This variation of the physical parameter in the pulse zones can be abrupt, in particular be generated by a radial discontinuity of the first magnetic material, respectively the second magnetic material along an axial projection of the zero position circle in the general plane of the magnetic structure, respectively along the zero position circle in the general plane of the coupling element.
  • This regulator device advantageously defines an exhaust magnetic.
  • the magnetic structure comprises a first annular magnetic strip 52 and a second annular magnetic strip 53 centered on an axis of rotation 51 of this magnetic structure and formed of a magnetic material 45, at least one physical parameter of which is correlated with the magnetic potential energy. EP m of the oscillator 42, this physical parameter being other than this potential energy.
  • the axis of rotation 51 is perpendicular to the general plane of the magnetic structure.
  • the magnetic material is arranged along each annular magnetic strip so that this physical parameter angularly varies periodically and thus defines an angular period P ⁇ of this magnetic strip.
  • the second annular magnetic strip may have a periodic variation of another physical parameter of this magnetic material or, in a particular variant, of another magnetic material also correlated with the energy potential magnetic EP m oscillator.
  • the physical parameter in question is a parameter specific to the magnetic structure that exists independently of the relative angular position ⁇ between the magnetic structure and the coupling member of the resonator.
  • this physical parameter may be a geometrical parameter that is related to the spatial positioning of the coupling member.
  • this physical parameter is a distance between the surface of the magnetic material and a circle defined by the center of mass of the active end portion of this magnetic member. coupling in a corresponding position of its degree of freedom, in a reference frame associated with the magnetic structure, during a relative rotation between the latter and the coupling member.
  • the physical parameter is, in a frame of reference related to the magnetic structure, a distance between the annular magnetic track and a surface of revolution having the axis of rotation of the magnetic structure as an axis of revolution. and the degree of freedom of the coupling element as a generator of this surface of revolution. This distance corresponds substantially, to a constant, to an air gap between the magnetic coupling element and the annular magnetic strip considered.
  • the resonator comprises a member or magnetic coupling member to the magnetic structure 44.
  • This member or coupling member is formed here by a magnet 50 which is cylindrical or having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • this resonator is represented symbolically by a spring 47, corresponding to its elastic deformation capacity defined by an elastic constant, and by an inertia 48 defined by its mass and its structure.
  • the magnet 50 is positioned relatively to the magnetic structure so that in its rest position, here corresponding to a minimum elastic deformation energy of the resonator, the center of mass of the active end portion of the coupling element
  • the magnetic structure is viewed substantially on a zero position circle for any angular position ⁇ of the magnetic structure relative to the magnet.
  • the zero position circle is centered on the axis of rotation 51 and has a radius substantially corresponding to the inner radius of the first annular track and the outer radius of the second annular track, these inner and outer radii being here combined.
  • the zero position circle 20 is situated substantially on the geometric circle defined by the interface between these two coaxial and contiguous magnetic tracks, that is to say that this circle geometric corresponds to a projection of the zero position circle on the general plane of the magnetic structure.
  • the two magnetic tracks are distant and separated by an intermediate zone entirely formed by the same medium.
  • the orthogonal projection of the zero position circle is located between these two magnetic tracks substantially in the middle of the intermediate zone.
  • Such an intermediate zone which will be kept small for various reasons, may be useful to ensure easy startup of the oscillator.
  • a first reason relates to the small dimension provided for the coupling element according to its degree of freedom and radially relative to the axis of rotation, since it is necessary to avoid that the oscillator rotates 'empty' with the coupling element remaining substantially on the zero position circle.
  • Another reason will appear later: It is to obtain localized pulses which are close and preferably centered on the zero position circle.
  • first and second coaxial annular magnetic tracks 52 and 53 have between them an angular offset equal to half the aforementioned angular period, ie a phase shift of ⁇ (180 °).
  • the physical parameter considered in the first place is in relation to an air gap between the magnet 50 and the magnetic material 45, formed of a material with high magnetic permeability and in particular a ferromagnetic material.
  • the magnetic material is a magnetic material arranged in attraction relative to the magnet 50.
  • the annular track 52 comprises alternately annular sectors 54 in which the material magnetic material has a maximum thickness and annular sectors 56 in which the thickness of the magnetic material gradually decreases in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the magnetic structure 44 relative to the magnet 50.
  • the angular distance of each sector 56 is substantially equal to the angular distance of each sector 54, which is substantially equal to an angular half-period P ⁇ / 2.
  • the magnets of the magnetic tracks and the magnet of the resonator forming said coupling element are arranged in repulsion. In this variant, to obtain an effect equivalent to that described above, the thickness of the magnetic material increases progressively in each sector 56 in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the magnetic structure relative to the magnet 50.
  • the thickness decreases from the maximum thickness to a thickness almost zero over a distance V P ; but other variants are possible as will be explained later.
  • the variation in thickness causes a variation of the average air gap for the magnetic field coupled between the magnet 50 and the magnetic material 45, formed of a material with high magnetic permeability or a magnetic material arranged in attraction relative to the 50.
  • This average air gap increases progressively, in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the magnetic structure 44 relative to the magnet 50, over a certain angular range substantially corresponding to the angular distance of each annular sector 56.
  • the annular track 53 comprises, in a manner similar to the annular track 52, alternating annular sectors 55 in which the magnetic material 45 has a maximum thickness and annular sectors 57 in which the thickness of the magnetic material gradually decreases.
  • This annular track 53 is substantially equivalent to the annular track 52, but they are offset by an angular half-period P ⁇ / 2 so as to define a sinuous magnetic path for the magnet 50, as has been explained above.
  • the physical parameter considered here is in relation to the gap between the magnet and each annular magnetic strip, that is to say with the distance between the upper surface of the magnetic material and the lower surface of the magnet 50 , this physical parameter corresponds to a parameter specific to the magnetic structure.
  • the physical parameter considered is a distance to a plane 59 which is parallel to the general plane of the magnetic structure. In addition, this general plane is also parallel to an oscillation path of the magnet.
  • the magnetic structure can be arranged to vary only one or other of the two physical parameters mentioned, namely the gap between the magnetic coupling element of the resonator and the magnetic structure or thickness of this magnetic structure.
  • the variation of the energy magnetic potential correlated only to the thickness finds a particular application with a magnetized material, because the intensity of the magnet flux can vary easily depending on the thickness of this magnetized material.
  • this thickness is defined as the thickness of the magnetic strip in question along an axis perpendicular to the general plane of this magnetic strip and passing through the center of mass of the active end portion of the coupling member.
  • the only variation of the thickness is more limited. Indeed, it is then necessary that the range of thicknesses considered corresponds to a situation where there is saturation for the magnet flux at least in a portion of the variable section of the magnetic material traversed by this magnet flux. In the opposite case, the thickness variation will not have a significant effect on the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator.
  • the magnet 50 is coupled to the first and second annular tracks so that an oscillation 71, respectively 72 ( Figure 8 ) according to a degree of freedom 58 of a resonant mode of the resonator 46 is maintained in a useful range of a motor torque applied to the magnetic structure.
  • the frequency of the oscillation determines the relative angular velocity ⁇ .
  • the oscillation 71, respectively 72 a in projection in a general plane of the magnetic structure (parallel to the plane of the Figures 5 , 7 and 8 ), first alternations 71a, respectively 72a, in a first zone superimposed on the first annular track 52 and second alternations 71b, respectively 72b in a second zone superimposed on the second annular track 53.
  • the degree of freedom of the coupling element of the resonator is selected so that the path of this magnetic coupling element during the first alternations, respectively second alternations of its oscillation during the magnetic coupling to the magnetic structure is substantially parallel to a general geometric surface of the first annular magnetic track, respectively second annular magnetic track.
  • the general geometrical surface defined by the annular magnetic track (s), or generally by the magnetic structure is a general plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the magnetic structure.
  • the degree of freedom of resonator is entirely in a plane parallel to this general plane.
  • the entire path taken by the magnetic coupling element during its oscillation is here parallel to the general plane of the magnetic structure.
  • the two annular magnetic tracks form the side wall of a disc and the general geometric surface they define is a cylindrical surface whose central axis is the axis of rotation of the magnetic structure.
  • the path of the oscillating element is substantially in a plane parallel to the general plane defined by the magnetic structure, this path being able to deviate somewhat from it notably at the end points of the oscillation and this all the more more than the amplitude is large.
  • Such a situation occurs for example when the coupling element of the resonator oscillates in a substantially circular path with an axis of rotation parallel to the general plane of the magnetic structure.
  • the direction defined by the degree of freedom of the coupling element in its rest position is substantially parallel to a plane tangential to said general geometric surface at a point corresponding to the orthogonal projection. the center of mass of the active end portion of the coupling element in its rest position.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 is schematically represented on a part of the magnetic structure 44 the magnetic potential energy EP m of the oscillator 42 which varies depending on the magnetic structure, namely the two annular tracks 52 and 53.
  • the force Magnetic is a force of attraction, in particular with a magnetic structure formed of a ferromagnetic material.
  • the contour lines 60 correspond to various levels of the magnetic potential energy, as explained in relation to the Figures 2 and 3 .
  • FIGS 9A and 9B represent the profiles of the magnetic potential energy respectively along the middle of each of the two annular magnetic tracks 52 and 53; while Figure 9C gives the radial profile of this magnetic potential energy along the X axis ( Figure 7 ) corresponding to the degree of freedom of the resonator 46.
  • Figures 7 , 8 and 9A-9C with magnetic tracks formed by magnets arranged in repulsion relative to the magnet forming the coupling element of the resonator.
  • the variation of the gap and / or the thickness of the magnetized material is reversed relative to the variants previously described, in particular that of Figures 6A and 6B .
  • the annular track alternately comprises annular sectors in which the magnetic material has a minimum thickness (zero included) and annular sectors in which the thickness of the magnetic material increases progressively in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the structure magnetic relative to the magnet 50, the latter annular sectors generating areas of magnetic potential energy accumulation in the oscillator.
  • each annular magnetic strip 52, 53 comprises, in each angular period P ⁇ , a useful potential magnetic energy storage area 63, respectively 65 in the oscillator.
  • These zones 63 and 65 are respectively located substantially in a first annular zone of energy accumulation Z1 ac and a second annular zone of energy accumulation Z2 ac .
  • useful area of accumulation there is generally understood a zone swept by the magnetic field of the magnet 50 which oscillates with various amplitudes in all the range of amplitudes provided (corresponding to the useful range of the engine torque) and in which the Oscillator essentially accumulates a potential magnetic energy EP m to be transmitted thereafter to the resonator.
  • the magnetic potential energy in each useful accumulation zone has substantially no variation depending on the degree of freedom of the resonator useful resonance mode.
  • the EP m gradient is essentially angular in the useful zones of accumulation, this angular gradient corresponding to a braking force acting on the magnetic structure and generally generating a braking torque.
  • the first and second annular zones Z1 ac and Z2 ac are here areas of pure accumulation of magnetic potential energy.
  • the magnetic potential energy in the figures is given punctually for a position of the coupling element located at the center of mass of the active end portion of this coupling element (other reference points may be provided making sure to keep the same reference point for the various parameters considered in relation to the coupling member).
  • the accumulation zones and also the pulse zones, described below, are defined and represented by taking the position of the center of mass of the active end portion of the coupling element.
  • the first and second annular zones Z1 ac and Z2 ac are separated by a central area of pulses ZC imp defined by pulse zones 68 and 69 in which energy transfers to the resonator are respectively effected as a function of the engine torque, as previously discussed in connection with the prior art.
  • Each pulse zone 68, 69 is defined by a region swept by the magnetic field of the magnet 50 for various amplitudes of oscillation between the aforementioned minimum amplitude and maximum amplitude.
  • the central pulse zone comprises the zero position circle located substantially in the middle of this central pulse zone.
  • the zero position circle is defined as the circle described by the reference point of the coupling member in its rest position (reference point used to establish the equipotential curves in the space of the magnetic potential energy as a function of the polar coordinates of the rotor / magnetic structure) by placing itself on the magnetic structure during a relative rotation between the resonator and the magnetic structure.
  • the coupling member of the resonator is arranged radially relative to the axis of rotation so that this zero position circle passes substantially in the middle of all the pulse zones associated with this coupling element.
  • the circle Y defines the interface between the zone Z1 ac and the zone ZC imp . This circle Y is centered on the axis of rotation of the magnetic structure 44 and has a radius R Y.
  • curve 76 corresponds to a radial profile of EP m .
  • This curve 76 gives the width Z 0 of a pulse zone 69, this width corresponding substantially to the width of a pulse zone 68 and also to the width of the central pulse zone ZC imp .
  • the respective widths Z 1 and Z 2 of the useful zones of energy accumulation are also given. These widths Z 1 and Z 2 are defined by the maximum amplitude oscillation for the useful motor torque range supplied to the regulating device.
  • the curve 74 gives the angular profile of EP m approximately in the middle of the zone Z1 ac while the curve 75 gives the angular profile of EP m approximately in the middle of the zone Z2 ac .
  • the useful zones of accumulation 63 and 65 are characterized by a rising monotonic magnetic potential energy ramp, here substantially linear, between zones or trays of lower potential energy 62, respectively 64 and higher potential energies defined here by vertices . It will be noted that the height of the vertices of the outer annular track 52 may be slightly greater than the height of the vertices of the inner annular track 53. Since the magnetic potential energy is correlated with the magnetic structure 44, the curves 74 and 75 are angularly shifted. an angular half-period P ⁇ / 2.
  • the energy transmitted to the resonator when passing through a pulse zone substantially corresponds to the potential energy difference ⁇ EP m between the EP IN 1 , EP IN 2 entry point of the oscillating magnetic coupling element in this pulse zone and the EP OUT 1 , EP OUT 2 output point of this oscillating member out of this pulse zone.
  • the ramp of increasing magnetic potential energy may not be linear, but for example quadratic or have several segments with different slopes.
  • the lower potential energy trays 62, respectively 64 may have other potential energy profiles.
  • an angular profile of the magnetic potential energy defining an alternation of rising ramps (braking ramps / potential energy accumulation zones) and descending ramps.
  • These descending ramps can extend over an angular half-period or less and then end with a small lower plate. They can be linear or have another profile.
  • the ramps can extend over an angular distance different from an angular half-period, in particular lower but also higher.
  • the magnetic material 45 of the magnetic structure 44 in each angular period, is thus arranged so that, at least in a zone of this magnetic material corresponding to the useful magnetic potential energy accumulation zone in this angular period, the considered physical parameter of this magnetic material angularly increases progressively or decreases angularly gradually so that the magnetic potential energy EP m of the oscillator, in each useful zone of accumulation, is angularly increasing during a rotation of the magnetic structure relative to the magnetic coupling element. Then, for the embodiment considered here and for any motor torque of the useful range of the driving torque, the magnetic coupling element passes, in each half-period of the oscillation of the resonator, a useful zone.
  • the magnetic structure is thus arranged so that the magnetic potential energy difference of the oscillator between the input of the coupling element in a pulse zone and the output of this coupling element of this pulse zone is positive for any motor torque in the useful range.
  • the average angular gradient in the zones of pure accumulation, defining a braking force for the magnetic structure is significantly smaller than the average radial gradient (more generally the average gradient according to the degree of freedom of the resonator useful resonance mode) in the pulse zones, this average radial gradient defining the thrust force on the magnet 50 and thus the energy transferred to the resonator in the form of localized pulses around the zero position of the magnetic coupling element (magnet 50) of the resonator.
  • the average angular gradient and the average radial gradient are calculated in the same unit, for example in Joules per meter (J / M).
  • the average radial gradient in the central zone of pulses is substantially equal to the average angular gradient in the accumulation zones.
  • the ratio of the average angular gradient in the energy accumulation zones and the average radial gradient in the pulse zones is less than 30% for zone Z1 ac and less than or substantially equal to 40% for zone Z2 ac .
  • the magnetic structure is arranged so that the average angular gradient of the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator in the areas of magnetic potential energy accumulation is lower than the average gradient of this magnetic potential energy in the zones. pulse according to the degree of freedom of the coupling element of the resonator and in the same unit.
  • the ratio of the average angular gradient and the average gradient depending on the degree of freedom is less than sixty percent (60%). In a preferred variant, the ratio of the average angular gradient and the average gradient according to the degree of freedom is less than or substantially equal to forty percent (40%).
  • the minimum energy zones 62 and 64 extend over a relatively large angular distance and the transition from maximum energy to a minimum energy zone is performed over a short angular distance much smaller than the angular distance of the energy accumulation zone that precedes it.
  • the strong gradient in the pulse zones and therefore in the transition zones between a maximum potential energy and a minimum potential energy is obtained thanks to reduced dimensions of the coupling element, projected in the general plane of the coupling element.
  • the width of the pure accumulation zones in the prior art is approximately equal to the width of the central zone of pulses, or even lower. This results in a small useful range for the engine torque and the large width of the central pulse zone generates a relatively large perturbation for the resonator because the energy transfer is performed over a large part of each oscillation.
  • the aforementioned averaging is not only not necessary but is even undesirable depending on the degree of useful freedom of the resonator and thus avoided as far as possible. In an optimal theoretical case, we even get rid of averaging; which results in a width of the pulse zone that is almost zero and therefore very localized. In practice, the reduction of the averaging according to the degree of freedom of the resonator is limited by the technology and the fact that the magnetic field of a magnet occupies a certain volume.
  • the pulses supplied to the resonator may be located near the zero position of the magnetic coupling element, while the useful zones accumulation can be more extensive thanks to a smaller angular gradient of potential energy and therefore a softer slope in the increase of potential energy as a function of the angle ⁇ .
  • the localized pulses around the zero position of the resonator greatly improve the isochronism, while a relatively wide angular range ⁇ ZU for the energy accumulation zone provided by the motor torque makes it possible to have a useful range of this. larger engine torque and therefore a larger operating range. It will be noted that the location of the pulses is all the better that the radial dimension of the coupling member is small.
  • the ratio between the radial dimension (width Z 0 ) of the pulse zones and the radial dimension (Z 1 , respectively Z 2 ) of the useful accumulation zones is less than or substantially equal to fifty percent ( 50%).
  • the above ratio can also be defined by other parameters of the regulating device, for example by Z 0 / 2A max where 2A max is equal to the distance R max -R min (peak-to-peak distance over a period) defined by the maximum amplitude oscillation in projection in the general plane of the annular magnetic structure (see Figure 8 ).
  • the ratio Z 0 / (R max -R min ) is therefore less than or substantially equal to 20%.
  • the abovementioned ratio Z 0 / Z 1 is less than or substantially equal to thirty percent (30%).
  • the progressive increase or decrease of the physical parameter of the magnetic material in each useful zone of accumulation of the magnetic potential energy extends over an angular distance (considered here as an angle in radian) higher at twenty percent (20%) of the angular period (P ⁇ in radians) of an annular track of the magnetic structure.
  • the ratio of the angular distance of the variation of the physical parameter and the angular period is greater than or substantially equal to forty percent (40%).
  • the magnetic structure 86 of the oscillator 84 comprises a single magnetic coupling element (a magnet) and a single annular track 88, a physical parameter of which magnetic material 45 which shape varies periodically.
  • a magnet a magnetic coupling element
  • annular track 88 a physical parameter of which magnetic material 45 which shape varies periodically.
  • the magnetic structure 86 further comprises a second annular track 90 formed continuously of the magnetic material 45.
  • This second track defines an annular zone of minimum magnetic potential energy whose value is substantially equal to that of the zones of lower magnetic potential energy defined by the annular sectors 52 of the annular track 88.
  • the annular track 90 can be replaced by a single plate of magnetic material adjacent to the annular track 88, placed under the oscillating magnet 50 and fixed relative to the resonator 46.
  • the orthogonal projection of the Zero position circle 20 of the resonator 46 is located substantially at the interface Y 0 of the two annular tracks.
  • the circle Y corresponds substantially to the interface between the EP m accumulation areas defined by the annular sectors 56 and the pulse zones between these useful accumulation zones and the annular zone of minimum magnetic potential energy mentioned above.
  • the curve 94 has a practical significance only for all the oscillations of the resonance mode considered that can be maintained in the oscillator 84.
  • This set of oscillations is essentially located in a range R Y of the axis circular Y which is determined by a useful range R U of ⁇ EP m , the latter range R U corresponding to the range of useful motor torque supplied to the magnetic structure 86.
  • each annular magnetic strip and therefore the dimension according to the degree of freedom of the resonator, is extended. while the dimension of each coupling member of the resonator is reduced radially relative to the axis of rotation of the magnetic structure.
  • the radial dimension of the magnetic annular sectors of the magnetic structure is greater than that of each coupling element of the resonator.
  • the radial dimension of the annular magnetic sectors is chosen so that the coupling member is entirely superimposed on the magnetic track considered for a maximum amplitude in the alternation where this coupling member is coupled to this magnetic track.
  • the coupling member remains in an area where the potential gradient is perpendicular to the degree of freedom of the resonator throughout the useful torque range, that is to say for all oscillation amplitudes that the coupling member can present up to its maximum amplitude.
  • the annular track 98 comprises an alternation of annular sectors 54A, where the thickness of the material with high magnetic permeability 100 is constant, and annular sectors 56A where the thickness of this material 100 gradually decreases in steps over an angular distance V P.
  • Each annular sector 56A forms a staircase with several steps. This staircase has a distance between the upper surface of its steps and a plane 59, parallel to the general plane of the annular track 98, which varies gradually in stages. This staircase defines a rising monotonic EP m potential energy ramp that forms the useful areas of potential energy accumulation, as previously discussed.
  • the physical parameter considered of the material 100 is a distance to a geometric plane 59, which corresponds to an air gap between the magnet 50 and this material.
  • the magnetic material is formed of a magnetized material.
  • the annular track 102 of the variant of the Figure 14 has a constant thickness of the ferromagnetic material 100, but periodically exhibits a plurality of holes 104.
  • the annular sectors 54B without holes define the areas of minimum magnetic potential energy.
  • the annular sectors 56B each have a plurality of holes whose density varies and / or whose area of the sections varies over an angular distance V P.
  • the hole density having the same relatively small diameter, increases gradually, continuously or, alternatively, stepwise.
  • the physical parameter of the ferromagnetic material is here the average magnetic permeability of this magnetic material.
  • the annular track 106 of the Figure 15 is formed by a magnetic material 108 whose thickness is constant.
  • the intensity of the magnetic field 110 produced by the magnetized material is substantially constant.
  • the intensity of the magnetic field 110 decreases progressively over an angular distance V P in an attraction arrangement (variant shown) while it is expected that it increases progressively in a repulsion arrangement.
  • the physical parameter considered is the intensity of the flux of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic material between the annular magnetic strip and a surface of revolution having the axis of rotation of the magnetic structure as the axis of revolution and the degree of rotation. freedom of the magnet 50 as a generator of this surface of revolution.
  • the oscillator 112 comprises a resonator 116 formed by an arm or lever 120 connected to a fixed point by a linear spring 118.
  • the arm or lever 120 rotates at a first end about an axis 124, parallel to the axis of rotation 51 of the magnetic structure 114, and it carries at its second end a magnetic coupling structure 122 coupled to the magnetic structure 114.
  • the structure 122 comprises a member 125 made of ferromagnetic material, coated U-shape or C, both of which branches respectively extend above and below the magnetic structure 114.
  • the respective free ends of the two branches are arranged respectively two magnets 126 and 127, which are oriented so that their two magnetic fields propagating in the air gap between them are mainly oriented parallel to the axis of rotation 51 and in the same direction.
  • These two coaxial magnets together define the magnetic coupling element of the oscillator 112.
  • the degree of freedom of the resonator is on a circle 123 of radius R and centered on the axis of rotation 124 of the arm or lever 120, R being the distance between this axis of rotation and a geometric axis passing through the middle of the two magnets 126 and 127.
  • a gradient of the magnetic potential energy EP m substantially zero depending on the degree of freedom 123 of the resonator 116 in the useful zones of accumulation it is provided in this third mode.
  • the physical parameter of the magnetic material 45 correlated with EP m is substantially constant along arcs of a circle corresponding to the In other words, for any angular position ⁇ of the magnetic structure 114, the physical parameter considered is invariant on the path made by the center of mass of the end portions of the magnets 126 and 127 projected in the plane. general of the magnetic structure. This is in particular provided in sectors 56D and 57D where the physical parameter varies angularly to define the useful zones of potential energy accumulation.
  • annular sectors 54D and 56D, respectively 55D and 57D forming the two annular tracks of the magnetic structure have a slightly arcuate shape.
  • the various variants mentioned for the first embodiment also apply to this third embodiment.
  • the variant shown here is that of a staircase of several steps in sectors 56D and 57D.
  • the oscillator of the Figure 18 is formed by a wheel 128 comprising at its periphery an annular magnetic structure 98A, similar to the magnetic structure 98 ( Figure 13 ) in a plan view from above, but doubled relative to this latter magnetic structure by a planar symmetry at the circular axis ⁇ of the Figure 13 .
  • each annular sector 56A includes a first staircase and below it another staircase, mirror of the first staircase.
  • the wheel 128 comprises a central core of non-magnetic material.
  • the resonator 117 comprises a C-shaped magnetic coupling structure 122A, similar to the structure 122 described above. However, here, the structure 122A comprises a large magnet connected to two branches of ferromagnetic material whose two respective free ends together define the magnetic coupling element of the resonator to the magnetic structure 98A.
  • the oscillator comprises a wheel 129 formed of a central core of non-magnetic material and an annular magnetic structure 106A.
  • This structure 106A is functionally similar to the magnetic structure 106 of the Figure 15 but here the magnetization of the material is homogeneous over the whole of the magnetic structure 106A, the variation of intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnet and thus of the coupled magnetic flux being obtained by a variation of the thickness of the the magnetic ring.
  • the resonator 119 is particular in that it does not include a magnet, its magnetic coupling structure 122B being formed by an open loop of high magnetic permeability material, the magnetized structure 106A passing through the opening of this loop.
  • the loop 122B simply defines a path of low magnetic reluctance for the magnetic field of the magnetized structure.
  • the oscillator is distinguished by a rotor 130 formed of two trays 132 and 134 of ferromagnetic material.
  • the lower plate 132 has at its periphery a magnetic structure with two annular tracks 52 and 53 as already described and formed by the ferromagnetic material.
  • the upper plate 134 is similar to the lower plate but is reversed, that is to say that it is the image of the lower plate by a planar symmetry by the middle plane between the two plates.
  • This upper plate thus comprises two annular tracks 52A and 53A similar to annular tracks 52 and 53 and facing them. These two plates meet in the central region to form a magnetic path of low reluctance for the magnetic field of the magnet 50 of the resonator 46.
  • FIGS. Figures 18 and 20 have the advantage of preventing a force is applied axially on the coupling element of the resonator.
  • FIG. 21 another embodiment of a regulating device 136 according to the invention is shown.
  • This device is remarkable in that it comprises two magnetic structures 106A and 106B which are coaxial and mechanically independent (not integral in rotation by mechanical means).
  • the lower magnetic structure 106A is carried by a wheel 129 similar to that described in FIG. Figure 19 , this wheel being secured to a shaft 140 aligned on the axis of rotation 51.
  • the upper wheel 142 is formed of a central core 143 of non-magnetic material connected to a barrel 144 mounted freely around the shaft 140, and a magnetic structure 106B similar to the structure 106A, but image thereof by a planar symmetry relative to the middle plane between the two wheels.
  • the resonator 148 is schematized by a spring 151 and a magnetic coupling element 149 of ferromagnetic material arranged at the end of an arm 150 of non-magnetic material.
  • the magnetization in the two structures 106A and 106B is provided in the same direction.
  • the two wheels 129 and 142 are respectively driven by the same source of mechanical energy, in particular a mainspring.
  • these two wheels are respectively driven by two different mechanical energy sources, in particular two barrels arranged in a watch movement.
  • the magnetic coupling element may also be a magnet.
  • a fourth embodiment of a regulator device 152 is distinguished in particular by the fact that the magnetic structure 154 comprises a single annular track 156 formed by an alternation of annular sectors 54 and 56 as described above.
  • the non-hatched sectors correspond to zones of lower or lower magnetic potential energy
  • the sectors hatched correspond to zones in which the magnetic potential energy increases angularly according to the invention.
  • the magnetic material used has at least one physical parameter that is correlated to the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator when the magnetic coupling element of the resonator is magnetically coupled to the annular magnetic track.
  • each hatched sector is arranged in such a way that the physical parameter in question angularly increases in a progressive manner or decreases gradually in a progressive manner so that the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator is angularly increasing during the relative rotation provided between the resonator and the magnetic structure.
  • the magnetic material is arranged in the hatched areas so that the physical parameter in question is radially constant, but that it varies angularly in a progressive manner to ensure a magnetic potential energy accumulation that is progressive over a relatively large angular distance of braking and dependent on the amplitude of the oscillation of the resonator coupling element.
  • the resonator 158 is of the spring-balance type with a rigid rocker 160 associated with a spiral spring 162.
  • the balance can take various forms, including circular as in a classic clockwork movement.
  • the balance pivots around an axis 163 and comprises two magnetic coupling members 164 and 165 (magnets of square section) which are angularly offset relative to the axis of rotation 51 of the magnetic structure 154.
  • This angular displacement of the two magnets 164 and 165 and their positioning relative to the structure 154 are provided so that the zero position circle 20 of the two magnets of the resonator (situation where the latter is at rest and therefore not excited) is superimposed on the outer circle (variant shown) or on the inner circle of the annular track 156 and that they then have an angular offset ⁇ D equal to an integer number of angular period P ⁇ increased by half a period.
  • these two magnets have a phase shift of ⁇ .
  • the axis of rotation 163 of the balance is positioned at the intersection of the two tangents at the zero position circle 20 respectively at the two points defined by the two coupling members 164 and 165 on the zero position circle.
  • the balance is balanced, more precisely that its center of mass is on the axis of the balance.
  • Those skilled in the art will easily configure pendulums of various shapes with this important feature. It will therefore be understood that the various variants shown in the figures are diagrammatic and the problematic related to the inertia of the resonator is not treated concretely in these figures, which show the various characteristics of the invention. In addition, arrangements ensuring a zero resultant magnetic forces acting radially and axially on the axis of the balance are preferred. It will be noted that, in one variant, a flexible-leaf balance defining a fictitious axis of rotation, that is to say without pivoting, is provided instead of the balance-spring.
  • the resonator 158 is continuously magnetically coupled to the annular track 156 by one or other of these two members. In each period of oscillation of the balance, the latter receives two pulses.
  • the physical phenomenon generating these pulses is the same as that described previously taking into consideration the two magnets and the annular track. Indeed, when a magnet climbs a ramp of potential energy in an annular sector 56 and returns in the direction of the circle 20, the other magnet arrives above an annular sector 54 whose potential energy is minimal. It is therefore the combined effect of the two interactions that occurs in this embodiment.
  • a simple ring of high magnetic permeability material similar to the second embodiment, is provided outside the annular track 156, adjacent to the latter.
  • This simple ring therefore defines the same lower potential energy over its entire surface for the oscillator.
  • this ring may be integral with the magnetic structure 154 or arranged fixed relative to the resonator 158. In the latter case, two ferromagnetic plates respectively arranged in the two radial directions of the two magnets of the resonator relative to the axis 51 are sufficient for the function.
  • the regulator device formed by the oscillator 168, comprises a magnetic structure 44 already described above and a resonator 158 described above.
  • This variant is different from that of the Figure 22 by the arrangement of a second annular track 52 in addition to the annular track 53 corresponding to the annular track 156. Thanks to this arrangement, during the passage in the central zone of pulses, each of the magnets 164 and 165 receives a pulse . So here we have a double impulse while the variant of the Figure 22 receives globally only one.
  • the variant of the Figure 23 is particularly effective and has a relatively wide operating range. In fact, this embodiment corresponds to a doubling of the magnetic coupling between the resonator and the magnetic structure relative to the variant of the Figure 22 and in the first embodiment; as is also the case in the two embodiments described below.
  • the Figure 24 shows a fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • the oscillator 172 comprises a magnetic structure 44A similar to the structure 44 already described and comprising an even number of angular periods P ⁇ .
  • the resonator 174 is formed by a tuning fork 176 with two vibrating branches. The two respective free ends of the two branches bear respectively two cylindrical magnets 177 and 178 diametrically opposite relative to the axis of rotation 51.
  • the reason for choosing an even number of angular periods P ⁇ is related to the fact that, in the of fundamental resonance of the tuning fork, the two branches oscillate in opposition of phase, that is to say, against-direction.
  • Each magnet of the resonator experiences an interaction with the magnetic structure 44A which is similar to that described in connection with the first mode of production. Thus each magnet contributes to the maintenance of its oscillation and thus to the maintenance of the vibration of the tuning fork 176.
  • the Figure 25 shows a sixth embodiment of the invention.
  • the oscillator 180 differs essentially from the previous one in that the two magnets 177 and 178 of the resonator 182 are rigidly connected by a bar 185, and in that the magnetic structure 44B comprises an odd number of angular periods P ⁇ .
  • Each magnet is arranged at the end of an elastic rod 183, respectively 184 anchored in a base 186.
  • a tuning fork can be used as in FIG. Figure 24 with the two magnets rigidly connected.
  • the useful resonance mode of the resonator 182 defines a phase oscillation of the two magnets because of the rigid link between them. This is the reason why the magnetic structure 44B here comprises an odd number of angular periods P ⁇ .
  • Each magnet of the resonator experiences interaction with the magnetic structure 44B which is similar to that described in connection with the first embodiment.
  • each magnet contributes to the maintenance of the oscillation of the corresponding elastic rod, and thus to the maintenance of the vibration of the resonator 182.
  • the Figure 26 shows a seventh embodiment of a regulator device 190 according to the invention.
  • This embodiment is particular and interesting in that it comprises a magnetic structure 44B magnetically coupled to two resonators 191 and 192 independent of each other except by the magnetic coupling via the magnetic structure.
  • Each resonator is shown schematically by an elastic rod 183, respectively 184 anchored at a first end and carrying a magnet 177, respectively 178.
  • Each resonator therefore has its own natural frequency. There is thus a kind of averaging of the two eigenfrequencies for the angular velocity ⁇ of the integral wheel of the magnetic structure 44B, the latter having an additional differential function. Obviously, the two natural frequencies selected must be close, see substantially equal.
  • the two oscillators react differently to the surrounding conditions, preferably so that one compensates for the drift of the other when these surrounding conditions vary.
  • the two oscillators are oriented in opposite directions, so as to compensate for the effect of gravitation in their direction.
  • the regulator device 196 differs essentially from the previous embodiments by two particular characteristics.
  • the magnetic structure 198 is provided fixed on a support or a plate 200, while the two resonators 191 A and 192A are rotated at the angular velocity ⁇ by a motor torque supplied to a rotor 202 which comprises two rigid arms 205 and 206 at the respective free ends of which are respectively arranged the two resonators.
  • this inversion at the device to which the motor torque is applied does not change the magnetic interaction between the resonator (s) and the magnetic structure (s) which has been previously explained, so that this inversion can be implemented as a variant in the other embodiments.
  • a single resonator is provided.
  • the second particular aspect of this embodiment arises from the fact that the oscillation is not radial, relative to the axis of rotation 51A of the rotor 202, when the magnet 177, respectively 178 intercepts the zero position circle 20
  • the degree of freedom of the coupling element of each resonator is substantially on a circle whose radius is here substantially equal to the length L of the resilient rod of this resonator and centered at the anchoring point of this rod on the resonator arm.
  • a gradient of the magnetic potential energy EP m substantially zero according to the degree of freedom of each resonator (the two resonators having an axial symmetry of geometric axis 51 A) in the useful areas of EP m accumulation it is provided in this embodiment that the physical parameter of the magnetic material of the magnetic structure 198 is substantially constant along arcs corresponding to the geometric circle defined by the coupling elements. In other words, for any angular position of the rotor 202, the physical parameter considered is invariant on the path made by the magnets 177 and 178 in projection in the general plane of the fixed magnetic structure.
  • annular sectors 54E and 56E, respectively 55E and 57E forming the two annular tracks of the magnetic structure have an arcuate shape, the alternation of the sectors of the inner annular track being slightly angularly offset with respect to the sectors of the annular track exterior.
  • the oscillator 210 comprises a wheel 212 whose at least the peripheral annular portion is formed of a material with high magnetic permeability.
  • the lateral surface of this wheel is configured to form a cylindrical magnetic structure 214.
  • This magnetic structure remains annular, but it no longer extends in the general plane of the wheel, but axially.
  • the magnetic coupling between the resonator and the magnetic structure is of axial direction (the main component is parallel to the axis of rotation), whereas here this coupling magnetic is radial.
  • Structure 214 defines two cylindrical tracks 218 and 219, equivalent to the annular tracks described above.
  • each track is formed by a succession of asymmetric teeth which define the angular period P ⁇ of the magnetic structure.
  • Each tooth has a flat or a small cylindrical section 215 followed by a recess forming a ramp / inclined plane 216.
  • the teeth of the lower track 219 are angularly offset by half a period P ⁇ / 2 relative to the teeth of the tooth. upper track 218.
  • This magnetic structure acts in a manner similar to that described in the other embodiments for the resonator 220.
  • This resonator comprises a light structure 221 preferably made of ferromagnetic material.
  • This structure 221 comprises two elastic arms 222 and 223 diametrically arranged relative to a shaft 224 centered on the axis of rotation 51 of the wheel 212.
  • the resonator is fixedly mounted on the shaft, the structure 221 being fixed to a disc 225 integral of this tree.
  • the two elastic arms are respectively extended at their free ends by two axial branches 226 and 227 which carry respectively at their lower ends the magnets 230 and 231. These two magnets are arranged so that the magnetic field generated by each of them is mainly radial. It is intended to use a resonance in which the two elastic arms 222 and 223 vibrate axially, which causes axial oscillation of the magnets 230 and 231.
  • a central hole is provided in the wheel 212 in which this tree freely passes.
  • the wheel is secured to a pinion 228 serving to drive the wheel by a driving torque coming for example from a watch cylinder.
  • Other resonators may be provided by those skilled in the art with the wheel 212, including a type of resonator operating in torsion.
  • the regulator device 236 comprises a resonator 238 shown schematically by a blade or elastic rod attached to a first end and carrying at its free end a magnet.
  • the magnetic structure is particular in that it is formed by two annular magnetic tracks 241 and 243 according to the invention which are respectively carried by two mobiles 240 and 242 arranged next to each other.
  • Each annular magnetic strip is arranged in the peripheral zone of a plate of the respective mobile.
  • the two tracks are located here in the same geometrical plane and comprise an alternation of annular sectors 245 and 246 respectively similar to the annular sectors 54 and 56 of the first embodiment.
  • the two mobiles When the two plates have the same diameter, the two mobiles are positioned so that the rest position (zero position) of the magnet of the resonator is located in the middle of a straight line orthogonal to their respective axes of rotation and intercepting these two. axes of rotation. More generally, the coupling element in its rest position is located on a straight line connecting the two respective axes of rotation of the two mobiles and at the interface of the two tracks or in the middle of them in projection in said geometrical plane, these two tracks having an offset of half an angular period on said line.
  • the two mobiles 240 and 242 are coupled in rotation by a drive wheel 252 integral with a pinion 254 receiving the engine torque.
  • the wheel 252 meshes with a wheel 248 of the first mobile 240 located under its plate and thus directly rotates the first mobile in a determined direction of rotation.
  • the wheel 252 also transmits the engine torque to the second mobile 242 via an intermediate wheel 256 which meshes with a wheel 250 of the second mobile situated under its plate.
  • the second mobile rotates in a direction opposite to the first mobile.
  • the two annular tracks have the same outer diameter and the gear ratios are provided so that the angular velocity of the two mobiles be identical.
  • the two mobiles can be coupled directly to one another by a gear, at least one of the two mobiles receiving a force torque in operation.
  • care is taken to position these two annular tracks so that at the zero point position of the magnet they have a phase shift of ⁇ (half-period offset as shown in FIG. Figure 30 ).
  • this tenth embodiment has the advantage that the two magnetic tracks have identical dimensions while being arranged in the same geometrical plane. This results in a perfect symmetry of magnetic interaction between the resonator and the magnetic structure in the two alternations of the oscillation of this resonator.
  • the two mobiles are driven by two motor couples from two barrels incorporated in the same watch movement.
  • the resonator could carry at least two coupling elements respectively coupled with the first track and the second track and placed elsewhere than on the aforementioned line connecting the two axes of rotation. It will then be ensured that the second coupling element interacts with the second magnetic strip when the first coupling element leaves the first magnetic strip and vice versa.
  • This last variant opens several degrees of additional freedom in the arrangement of the oscillator and in particular the two mobiles. For example, it is possible for the two magnetic tracks to be respectively arranged on two parallel plates but at different levels.
  • an oscillator 260 which is a first variant of the Figure 22 .
  • This variant is different from this Figure 22 in that the resonator 158A comprises a rigid rocker 160A which carries on each of its two arms two magnets 164 and 264, respectively 165 and 265.
  • the two magnets of each arm simultaneously undergo a magnetic interaction with the track Annular magnet 156. They are out of phase with an angular period P ⁇ .
  • the number of coupling elements can be increased by providing an angular offset equal to N ⁇ P ⁇ , where N is a number a positive integer, (corresponding to a phase shift of N ⁇ 360 °) between the coupling elements which undergo the same movement (that is to say the same degree of freedom and the same direction of movement) relative to a corresponding magnetic track.
  • an oscillator 270 which is a second variant of the Figure 22 .
  • This second variant differs from the first variant in that the two coupling elements, associated with the same arm of the balance 160B of the resonator 158B, are respectively positioned on the two zero position circles 20 and 20A defined by the annular magnetic strip. 156, namely by the outer and inner circles delimiting this track, for the resonator considered in its rest position.
  • the two coupling elements 164 and 266, respectively 165 and 267 have between them an angular phase shift of P ⁇ / 2 (ie 180 °).
  • oscillator 280 shown in FIG. Figure 33 .
  • This oscillator comprises a resonator 158C formed by a rocker 160C which comprises two arms 282 and 284 each carrying four coupling elements distributed over a period of angular of the magnetic structure 44 (period of each of the two magnetic tracks 52 and 53).
  • a coupling element having an interaction with the magnetic structure in each half-period of three successive half-periods of this magnetic structure above which the four coupling elements associated with the same arm of the pendulum simultaneously extend.
  • the annular magnetic tracks are extended to cover at least the expected maximum amplitude of oscillation (on an alternation) while the coupling members of the resonators have a relatively small dimension in the radial direction of magnetic tracks. rings associated with these resonators.
  • the regulating device 300 comprises a magnetic structure 304 forming a wheel and comprising an annular magnetic track 306 formed by magnets 308 having a reduced radial dimension and arranged periodically along a circle 312.
  • this circle passes substantially through the middle of the magnets or by the centers of mass of the magnets.
  • the annular magnetic strip defines, in axial projection in its general plane, a geometric circle located radially in the middle of this track or passing substantially through the centers of mass of a plurality of magnetic elements forming this magnetic track. This circle is also called zero position circle by analogy with the previous embodiments.
  • the resonator 302 is arranged to undergo radial oscillation.
  • Its element or coupling member 310 is formed by a magnetic material and its active end portion, defining a magnetic range in front of the magnetic structure, extends in axial projection in a plane parallel to the general plane of the magnetic strip in a substantially rectangular zone with its inner angular edge, that is to say in the angular direction of the wheel, substantially in axial projection the zero position circle when the resonator is in a rest position (potential energy of the minimum resonator ).
  • This substantially rectangular zone has an angular distance at the circle 312 substantially equal to a half-period (P ⁇ / 2) of the magnetic track 306 and a radial distance at least equal to the maximum amplitude of oscillation of the element coupling means on the alternation where it is coupled to this magnetic track 306.
  • the resonator is arranged relative to the magnetic structure so that the circle 312 passes axially through the active end portion of the coupling element 310 during substantially a first alternation of each oscillation period of this coupling element when a motor torque in a useful torque range is provided to the oscillator (formed by the resonator and the magnetic structure).
  • the magnetized material of the coupling element forms a magnet oriented axially along the geometric axis 51 just like the magnets 308, the latter here having an inversion of the magnetic poles so that they are arranged in repulsion with the magnet of the magnet. coupling element.
  • the magnetized material of the coupling element has at least one physical parameter which is correlated with the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator when this magnetic coupling element is magnetically coupled to the annular magnetic track 306.
  • the device regulator according to this eleventh embodiment is characterized in that, in the effective range of the driving torque, the annular magnetic track and the magnetic coupling element define in each angular period, as a function of their relative angular position ⁇ and the position coupling element according to its degree of freedom, a magnetic potential energy storage zone in the oscillator; and in that the magnetic material of the coupling element is arranged such that, at least in an area of this magnetic material coupled to the magnetic track for at least a portion of the potential magnetic energy storage area of each angular period, the physical parameter correlated with the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator angularly increases in a progressive manner or decreases angularly in a progressive manner.
  • the positive or negative variation of the physical parameter is chosen so that the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator is angularly increasing during a relative rotation between the resonator and the magnetic structure under the action of a motor torque.
  • the physical parameter in question is in particular an air gap or the flux of the magnetic field generated by the magnet of the coupling element, as previously described.
  • a twelfth embodiment is shown diagrammatically to Figures 35 and 36 .
  • the regulator device 320 corresponds to a technical reversal of the regulator device of the Figure 5 .
  • the magnetic structure 304 is identical to that of the Figure 34 .
  • the resonator 322 comprises a wafer 324 oscillating radially relatively to the center of the annular magnetic track 306 and supporting two coupling elements 326 and 328 rigidly fixed to this wafer. These two coupling elements are formed by two magnetized pads 326 and 328, each of which extends over an angular distance at the circle 312 substantially equal to a half-period P ⁇ / 2 of the magnetic strip 306 and are angularly offset from each other. half a period (phase shift of 180 °).
  • the magnetic material forming the two coupling elements has a physical parameter correlated with the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator. Over at least a certain angular distance of each coupling element, this physical parameter angularly increases progressively or decreases angularly in a progressive manner so that the magnetic potential energy of the oscillator is angularly increasing during a relative rotation.
  • the physical parameter is a distance between the lower surface of the wafer 324 and a general geometrical plane 325 of this wafer.
  • This general geometric plane is parallel to the upper surface of the magnetic structure 304 and therefore to the general plane of the latter.
  • the path of this wafer when it oscillates is also parallel to this plane 325.
  • this potential energy must increase in the direction of the relative rotation of the magnetic structure 304, as depicted in the cup of the Figure 36 where the coupled magnets are arranged in repulsion.
  • the magnetic zones of a variant of the regulating device of the Figure 35 can be obtained by axial symmetry along a radial axis located in the middle of an angular period and in the middle of the annular track and the coupling member, an angular period of the two magnetic tracks 52 and 53 and the coupling member 50 of the Figure 5 . Then, this magnetic member thus transferred is reproduced at each period of the magnetic track.
  • the result is not optimal with respect to the variation of the physical parameter considered of the magnetized material in the areas of potential energy accumulation.
  • magnetic zones 326 and 328 have been modified by axial symmetry so that the magnetic potential energy in each accumulation zone has substantially no variation depending on the degree of useful freedom of the resonator.
  • any embodiment described above, with at least one radially extended magnetic track and a resonator comprising a radial low-dimensional coupling element, or several such coupling elements shifted by an integer number of angular periods, can lead to an inverse realization.
  • An advantage of the regulator device according to the twelfth embodiment relative to the first embodiment arises from the fact that the extended magnetic zones 326 and 328 are on the resonator and can thus have the same dimensions, an identical linear variation of the physical parameter considered to generate magnetic potential energy accumulation ramps, and side edges with a curve exactly according to the degree of freedom of the coupling member. Another advantage is the greater simplicity of manufacturing the oscillator.
  • the regulating device 330 is distinguished by the fact that the two coupling elements 326A and 328A arranged on the wafer 324A of the resonator 322A have at their end facing the magnetic structure a zone having a square or rectangular shape in axial projection in a plane parallel to the magnetic track.
  • the inner angular edge of the annular zone 328A and the outer angular edge of the annular zone 326A are rectilinear. Since the angular period remains relatively small, in particular less than 45 °, this variant is functionally very close to that of the Figure 35 by optimally adjusting the rest position of the resonator relative to the annular magnetic track. It is thus also possible to obtain a good isochronism and a correct operating range which is relatively wide.
  • the Figures 38 and 38A relate to a thirteenth embodiment of the invention in which there is provided a magnetic interaction in attraction.
  • a magnetic material in the zones located radially in front of the energy accumulation zones, on the other side of the zero position circle, so that these zones have a lower magnetic potential energy. or minimal.
  • the regulator device 332 comprises an annular magnetic strip 306 described above and a resonator 334 represented schematically, the latter comprising a plate 336 of ferromagnetic material which oscillates at the expected resonant frequency.
  • the wafer 336 extends in a general plane 325 and comprises two zones 326B and 328B whose distance to this general plane, respectively the air gap with the magnetic track, increases in the direction of rotation of this magnetic track to each generate a zone d accumulation of potential energy over a relatively large angular distance.
  • this plate comprises two complementary zones 337 and 338 also formed by the ferromagnetic material and having a minimum air gap with the magnetic strip.
  • the angular dimension of the wafer is preferably provided equal to the linear distance between the centers of two successive magnets 308. This solves a problem that apart from the superposition area with the wafer, the magnets have high potential energy.
  • FIG 39 is schematically represented a fourteenth embodiment by applying the technique reversal technique explained above to the regulating device of the Figure 24 .
  • a regulator device 340 is thus obtained with a resonator 174A formed by a tuning fork 176A having at its two free ends two magnetic plates 344 and 345 similar to the wafer 324A of the Figure 37 or at plate 336 of the Figure 38 .
  • the two wafers 344 and 345 oscillate in opposite directions and each comprise two coupling elements similar to the magnetic zones 326A and 328A, respectively 326B and 328B.
  • Figures 37 and 38 The magnetic structure 304 corresponds to that described previously.
  • the tuning fork is perfectly symmetrical (by axially symmetrying one of the two plates along an axis of symmetry substantially tangent to the zero position circle), an odd number of coupling elements must be provided. 308 on the wheel 304.
  • the Figure 40 represents a fifteenth embodiment of the type described from the Figure 34 .
  • This embodiment relates to a case with two concentric magnetic tracks of small radial dimension on the structure.
  • the regulator device 350 is functionally similar to the embodiment of the Figure 32 .
  • This regulator device 350 is formed by an oscillator comprising a resonator 352 of the sprung-balance type and a magnetic structure 358 forming a wheel driven in rotation about the geometric axis 51 by a motor torque supplied by the watch movement in which this regulating device is incorporated.
  • the resonator therefore has a hairspring 162 or other suitable elastic element and a balance 160D having two arms whose two respective free ends respectively bear two coupling elements 354 and 356.
  • Each coupling element is formed by a magnetized zone similar to the element 310 of the Figure 34 .
  • the magnetic structure 358 comprises a first magnetic track 306 already described and a second magnetic track 360 concentric with the first magnetic track and formed by a plurality of magnets 362 regularly distributed with an angular period identical to that of the first magnetic track but with an angular offset of half a period; these two tracks thus having a phase shift of 180 °.
  • the magnets 308 and 362 are arranged in repulsion relative to the two magnetic zones 354 and 356.
  • the oscillator 350 can also be obtained from the oscillator of the Figure 23 using a second method of inverting the magnetic zone dimensions of the magnetic structure and the resonator.
  • Each hatched area of the magnetic tracks is replaced by a magnet of small radial width at the center of the hatched area and the two magnets of the resonator are replaced by two magnetized zones having substantially the dimensions of a hatched sector of a track of the oscillator of the Figure 23 .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
EP14199882.3A 2013-12-23 2014-12-22 Vorrichtung zur Regulierung der Winkelgeschwindigkeit einer Triebfeder in einem Uhrwerk, das einen magnetischen Hemmungsmechanismus umfasst Active EP2891930B1 (de)

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EP14199882.3A EP2891930B1 (de) 2013-12-23 2014-12-22 Vorrichtung zur Regulierung der Winkelgeschwindigkeit einer Triebfeder in einem Uhrwerk, das einen magnetischen Hemmungsmechanismus umfasst

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EP13199428 2013-12-23
EP14176816 2014-07-11
EP14199882.3A EP2891930B1 (de) 2013-12-23 2014-12-22 Vorrichtung zur Regulierung der Winkelgeschwindigkeit einer Triebfeder in einem Uhrwerk, das einen magnetischen Hemmungsmechanismus umfasst

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JP (1) JP6087895B2 (de)
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EP3208667A1 (de) * 2016-02-18 2017-08-23 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Magnetisches hemmungsdrehteil eines uhrwerks
EP3316046A1 (de) 2016-10-25 2018-05-02 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Verbessertes uhrwerk
WO2018177774A1 (fr) 2017-03-28 2018-10-04 The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd Piece d'horlogerie mecanique comprenant un mouvement dont la marche est amelioree par un dispositif de correction
EP3579058A1 (de) 2018-06-07 2019-12-11 Montres Breguet S.A. Uhr, die ein tourbillon umfasst
EP3757684A1 (de) * 2019-06-26 2020-12-30 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Trägheitsbewegungselement für uhrresonator mit einer vorrichtung zur magnetischen wechselwirkung, die gegenüber dem äusseren magnetfeld unempfindlich ist

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CH710025B1 (fr) * 2013-12-23 2018-06-29 Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse Mouvement horloger mécanique à échappement magnétique.
EP3128379B1 (de) * 2015-08-04 2019-10-02 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Hemmung mit hemmungsrad mit feldrampen und vorrichtung zur rücklaufsicherung
EP3128380B1 (de) * 2015-08-04 2018-11-21 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Uhreinstellmechanismus mit magnetisch synchronisierten dreharmen
EP3179316B1 (de) 2015-12-10 2021-09-15 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Kontaktlose zylindrische uhrhemmung
EP3217227B1 (de) * 2016-03-11 2019-02-27 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Reguliermechanismus eines uhrwerks mit optimierter magnetischer hemmung
CH713056A2 (fr) * 2016-10-18 2018-04-30 Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse Mouvement mécanique d'horlogerie avec résonateur à deux degrés de liberté avec mécanisme d'entretien par galet roulant sur une piste.
EP3339982B1 (de) * 2016-12-23 2021-08-25 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Regulierung durch mechanisches bremsen eines mechanischen oszillators einer uhr
WO2018177779A1 (fr) 2017-03-28 2018-10-04 The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd Pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un mouvement mécanique dont la marche est améliorée par un dispositif de correction
CH714922A2 (fr) * 2018-04-23 2019-10-31 Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse Protection antichoc d'un mécanisme résonateur d'horlogerie à guidage flexible rotatif.
JP6843191B2 (ja) 2018-07-24 2021-03-17 ザ・スウォッチ・グループ・リサーチ・アンド・ディベロップメント・リミテッド 長い角ストロークを有するフレクシャーベアリングを備えた計時器用発振器
EP3629104B1 (de) * 2018-09-27 2021-05-12 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Mechanische uhr umfassend eine elektronische vorrichtung zur regulierung der ganggenauigkeit der uhr
EP3757682B1 (de) 2019-06-26 2022-03-09 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhrwerk, das einen magnetischen hemmungsmechanismus umfasst
EP3767397B1 (de) 2019-07-19 2022-04-20 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhrwerk mit einem drehelement, das eine magnetisierte struktur mit periodischer konfigurierung besitzt
EP3787178A1 (de) * 2019-08-30 2021-03-03 Miniswys Sa Piezoelektrische antriebseinheit
EP3800513B1 (de) 2019-10-04 2023-08-09 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Uhr, die am/pm-anzeigemittel umfasst
EP3842876A1 (de) * 2019-12-24 2021-06-30 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhr, die mit einem mechanischen uhrwerk und einer vorrichtung zur korrektur der angezeigten stunde ausgestattet ist
EP3882711A1 (de) * 2020-03-18 2021-09-22 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhrwerk, das mit einer uhrhemmung mit einem magnetischen system ausgestattet ist
EP3885843A1 (de) * 2020-03-24 2021-09-29 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhr mit mechanischem oder elektronischem uhrwerk, die mit einem schlagwerk ausgestattet ist

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EP3182224A1 (de) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-21 Montres Breguet S.A. Sicherheitsregulator für uhrhemmung
US10228659B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2019-03-12 Montres Breguet S.A. Safety regulation for a timepiece escapement
EP3208667A1 (de) * 2016-02-18 2017-08-23 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Magnetisches hemmungsdrehteil eines uhrwerks
US10095187B2 (en) 2016-02-18 2018-10-09 The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd Magnetic escape wheel set for timepieces
EP3316046A1 (de) 2016-10-25 2018-05-02 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Verbessertes uhrwerk
WO2018177774A1 (fr) 2017-03-28 2018-10-04 The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd Piece d'horlogerie mecanique comprenant un mouvement dont la marche est amelioree par un dispositif de correction
EP3579058A1 (de) 2018-06-07 2019-12-11 Montres Breguet S.A. Uhr, die ein tourbillon umfasst
EP3757684A1 (de) * 2019-06-26 2020-12-30 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Trägheitsbewegungselement für uhrresonator mit einer vorrichtung zur magnetischen wechselwirkung, die gegenüber dem äusseren magnetfeld unempfindlich ist
EP3757685A1 (de) 2019-06-26 2020-12-30 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Trägheitsbewegungselement für uhrresonator mit einer vorrichtung zur magnetischen wechselwirkung, die gegenüber dem äusseren magnetfeld unempfindlich ist

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JP2015121541A (ja) 2015-07-02
EP2891930A3 (de) 2016-07-13
EP2891930B1 (de) 2018-09-19
RU2014152043A (ru) 2016-07-10
RU2670236C2 (ru) 2018-10-19
US9465366B2 (en) 2016-10-11
US20150177697A1 (en) 2015-06-25
JP6087895B2 (ja) 2017-03-01
HK1211711A1 (en) 2016-05-27
US9483026B2 (en) 2016-11-01
CN104730898B (zh) 2017-11-17
US20150177698A1 (en) 2015-06-25
CN104730898A (zh) 2015-06-24
CH709031B1 (fr) 2021-01-29
CH709031A2 (fr) 2015-06-30

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