EP2886695B1 - Verfahren und automatische Vorrichtung zum Bügeln von Socken - Google Patents

Verfahren und automatische Vorrichtung zum Bügeln von Socken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2886695B1
EP2886695B1 EP13197852.0A EP13197852A EP2886695B1 EP 2886695 B1 EP2886695 B1 EP 2886695B1 EP 13197852 A EP13197852 A EP 13197852A EP 2886695 B1 EP2886695 B1 EP 2886695B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
shuttles
socks
ironing
pairs
pair
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EP13197852.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2886695A1 (de
Inventor
Monica Molinari
Andrea Molinari
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Prima-Tech Srl
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Prima-Tech Srl
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C5/00—Shaping or stretching of tubular fabrics upon cores or internal frames
    • D06C5/005—Shaping or stretching of tubular fabrics upon cores or internal frames of articles, e.g. stockings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
    • D06C7/02—Setting

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a method and to an automatic apparatus suitable for simultaneously ironing pairs of men's socks, in particular for coupling, ironing, drying and subsequently removing the men's socks for packaging, maintaining side by side arranged the socks of each pair of socks.
  • US 1,062,510 , US 3,481,516 , EP 1 604 057 and WO 02/084012 illustrate automatic apparatuses for steam ironing and drying of men's socks, wherein the socks are placed on flat ironing and/or drying forms vertically arranged on respective carriages that are moved in sequence and in a controlled manner along a quadrangular path.
  • EP 1 604 057 and WO 02/084012 illustrates an ironing apparatus for socks or similar textile products, wherein the single ironing forms are fixed to respective conveying carriages that are movable along a rectangular path, wherein the carriages are moved sequentially forwards, maintaining all the carriages in contact with one another along the various branches of the path; thus the single forma for supporting the socks are moved in sequence from a sock boarding zone, through a steam-ironing zone and towards a removal zone for the single socks, which, after being removed, have to be controlled and aligned before being packaged.
  • the support carriages for the single ironing forms have to be suitably dimensioned and configured so that in the sock boarding zone, with the carriages in contact with one another, the forms are sufficiently spaced apart to permit easy loading of the socks, nevertheless, the existing space between the forms is then wasted in the other operative stations of the apparatus, making it impossible to reduce the dimensions.
  • FR 2 211 951 and EP 0 652 319 relate to apparatuses for treating socks, of the carousel type, wherein pairs of ironing forms are positioned along the edge of a turn-table, and wherein a form of each pair is pivoted on a fixed support to rotate between a substantially coplanar condition with the other form during loading of the socks, and a parallel condition during ironing.
  • carousel apparatuses enable to simultaneously treat pairs of socks arranged on single forms are known they nevertheless have numerous limits and drawbacks; in particular the use of a turn-table entails fixed positions for single pairs of forms, consequently limiting the number of ironing forms along the peripheral edge of the turn-table; increasing the number of forms would entail an excessive increase of the diameter of the turn-table with consequent greater overall dimensions and greater weight of the entire apparatus. Further, the use of pairs of forms pivoted on a single fixed support, very close to one another, again complicates sock-loading operations.
  • the forms have to be suitably spaced apart to permit easy loading of the socks, and as there is the need to circulate the socks for as much time as possible to ensure complete drying, this is possible only by increasing the number of forms, to the detriment of the overall dimensions of the apparatus.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for steam-ironing men's socks that permit to operate with a great number of forms, maintaining the forms in circulation for as long as possible, time necessary to ensure a good ironing quality and a good drying degree of the socks, reducing at the same time the overall dimensions of the entire apparatus.
  • a further object of the invention is to allow differentiated movements of the forms along the various branches of a quadrangular path, and to maintain the ironing forms sufficiently spaced apart from one another during the sock-boarding step, subsequently enabling pairs of coupled socks to be moved during the subsequent steps for ironing, drying and removing the socks from the forms, so as to fully exploit the available space.
  • the general principle on which the present invention is based consists of supporting the individual forms intended for receiving the each pair of socks, on pairs of suitably configured independent shuttles that are movable in steps along a quadrangular path, thus spacing the single shuttles of each pair at a sock boarding zone, and approaching the shuttles along the remaining part of the quadrangular path.
  • This shuttle-coupling operation aligns the support forms for each pair of socks, enabling good ironing/drying quality, but with relatively reduced overall dimensions, and enable the socks of each pair to be maintained perfectly side by side arranged during the removal step, simplifying subsequent packaging operations.
  • the apparatus 10 for steam ironing men's socks comprises a frame 11 for supporting a guide 12 defining a quadrangular path, shown in figure 6 , for a step movement of a plurality of pairs of shuttles 13A, 13B to which flat forms 14A, 14B for boarding socks are fastened.
  • the quadrangular path of the shuttles comprises a first longitudinal branch I along which a boarding zone 15 for the socks is provided, a second cross branch II along which there are provided a station 16 for aligning the edges with elastics of the socks, and a steam-ironing station 17; furthermore comprises a third longitudinal branch III parallel to the branch I, configured with a long drying chamber 18 that extends from the cross branch II to a fourth cross branch IV where an unloading station 19 for the pairs of ironed socks is provided.
  • the apparatus comprises a turnable device 20 for the shuttles 13, configured for enabling simultaneously rotating by 90° each pair of shuttles 13A, 13B supporting the forms 14, as explained above.
  • the third longitudinal branch III extends with a hot pressing station 21 for each pair of socks, after they have been dried, maintaining the alignment of the socks.
  • the most innovative feature of the present invention consists of providing a plurality of pairs of shuttles 13A, 13B configured for supporting two similarly oriented forms 14A, 14B, to enable boarding and ironing of pair of socks; in particular the shuttles 13A and 13B of each pair are configured for supporting the forms 14A, 14B side by side arranged on parallel planes, for example parallel to the movement directions of the shuttles along the rails 12 of the single branches of the quadrangular path.
  • the two shuttles 13A and 13B of each pair of shuttles in the loading zone 15 of the socks, can be moved between a spaced apart or "open" condition shown in figures 2 and 4 , and a closed condition shown in figures 3 and 5 , wherein the two shuttles 13A and 13B are in contact with one another, and wherein the two forms 14A and 14B relative to each pair of socks are side by side arranged; in this manner the necessary space is reduced.
  • the shuttles 13A, 13B are in a "open" condition, i.e.
  • step advancement of the pairs of shuttles in a closed condition along each branch is obtained by a linear actuator consisting for example of a pneumatic cylinder 25 fixed to the frame 11, the stem 26 of which is provided with a hooking member 27 suitable for engaging a pin 28 in a position below the shuttles 13; the hooking member 27 is supported by a small carriage 29 that is slidable along a guide rail 30.
  • the actuator 25 by acting at the rear on the pair of shuttles positioned on the rotational device 20, allows the advancement in sequence of all the pairs of shuttles belonging to a same branch.
  • Each rotational device 20, as shown in figure 14 comprises a rail section 12A that is rotatable along a vertical rotation axis 31 operationally connected to a rotating actuator 32; thus the rail section 12A can be rotated in both directions by an angle of 90° to align the rail section 12A alternatively with the fixed rail 12 of one or of the other branch converging on each corner of the quadrangular path.
  • the rotational device 20 further comprises a C-shaped guide plate 33, having a circular internal edge 34 open on two sides, in directions that are orthogonal to one another, to enable single pairs of shuttles 13A, 13B in a close condition to enter and exit, as shown in figure 14 .
  • Figures 18, 19 and 20 on the other hand show a comb device that is suitably and configured for performing "opening”, “closing” and “moving” operations forwards of pairs of shuttles 13A, 13B along the branch I, at the boarding zone 15 for loading pairs of socks on the two forms 14A and 14B that are spaced apart from one another.
  • the comb device which is indicated overall by reference number35, comprises a first support plate 36 that extends parallel to the shuttles 13 on the inner side of the branch I; the support plate 36 of the opening and closing combs for the shuttles 14A, 14B is transversely movable on guides 37 and is operatively connected to a linear actuator 38, such as a pneumatic cylinder or actuator of another type.
  • the movable plate 36 is provided with a longitudinal guide 39 on which a first comb 40 runs that is configured for engaging and opening of each pair of shuttles 13A, 13B simultaneous dragging thereof forwards; the forwards and backwards movements of the comb 40 are controlled by a linear actuator 41, for example by a pneumatic cylinder connected between the movable plate 36 and the comb 40.
  • the comb 40 along the longitudinal edge facing the row of shuttles 14, is configured with a set of frontally open cavities 42 to engage the pins 28 hanging from the single shuttles 13, following a forward movement of the movable plate 36.
  • the comb device 35 further comprises a second comb 43 slidable on the guide 39, axially aligned to the comb 40.
  • the comb 43 is in turn driven by a respective linear actuator 44 connected between the two combs 40 and 43; the second comb 43, which is movable in relation to the first, is configured with a sole cavity 42 suitable for engaging a pin of the shuttle 13B of the pair of open shuttles facing the rotational device 20 in the corner B comprised between the first I and the second II branch of the quadrangular path.
  • the comb device 35 further comprises a third comb 45, on the side opposite the comb 40, that substantially extends over the entire length of the first branch I to keep the shuttles stationary during boarding of pairs of socks on respective forms 14.
  • Figures 15 and 16 in turn show two different views of the steam ironing station 17; as shown, the ironing station 17 comprises a steaming chamber consisting of a first and second part 50 and 51 that are movable in relation to one another to be approached in a closed condition and moved away in an open condition by suitable linear actuators.
  • the two parts 50 and 51 of the steaming chamber are fastened to respective brackets 52, 53 which are movable along horizontal guides 54, by respective linear actuators 55.1 and 55.2.
  • One of the parts of the steam chamber, part 51 is provided with pins 56 configured for engaging respective hooking members 57 on the other part 50 of the steam chamber; one of the two parts of the steam chamber, in particular part 50, is further provided with a conduit 58 for supplying steam for ironing the socks, for example at pressure of 3 bar.
  • Figure 17 lastly shows a schematic view of the drying chamber 18 that extends over the entire length of the third branch III, or part thereof, of the quadrangular path.
  • pairs of forms 14A, 14B supported by the pairs of closed shuttles 13A, 13B that enter for example from the right side of the drying chamber 18, are made to advance by steps until they exit from the left side, opposite the previous one, remaining in the closed condition in to the chamber 18 for a time required for drying and stabilisation of the ironed socks.
  • a flow of hot air is continuously circulated, for example by two fans 60 and 61 that suck air from inside the chamber 18, making two flows of air circulate in opposite directions, along respective vertical channels 62, 63, through electrical resistances 64 or another air-heating member, then through a long vertical slit configured for generating a flow of horizontal air that hits the pairs of socks supported by the various pairs of forms 14A, 14B in a closed or approached condition inside the drying chamber 18.
  • Figure 6 shows the position of the various shuttles 13 at the start instant T0 of the operative cycle; in this condition the comb unit 40, 43 is in the retracted position of figure 18 , whilst the comb 45 on the opposite side is in the advanced position in which it engages the pins 28 of all the shuttles 13 of the branch I, retaining the pins 28 to enable pairs of socks to be loaded onto the pairs of shuttles 13A and 13B that at that moment are spaced apart in the "open" condition as shown.
  • the shuttles 13 of the apparatus will be numbered below with references S1 to S38.
  • a closed pair of shuttles S25, S26 and S33, S34 are at the rotational devices 20 at the ends of the branch IV, at the angle D, respectively at the angle A; in these conditions the pairs of shuttles in the rotational devices 20 are oriented in the direction of the branches I and III, whilst the rotational devices 20 at the opposite angles B and C are empty, with the rail sections 12A axially aligned to respective fixed rails 12.
  • the operative cycle occurs in six steps; during the first step between the instants T0 and T1, after the comb 45 has been retracted, by disengaging the shuttles 13 on the branch I, and after the combs 40 and 43 have been advanced for engaging the pairs of open shuttles S1-S2, S37-S38 and the shuttle S36, by acting with the same combs 40, 43 and with the actuator 25 in relation to the rotation device 20 of the angle A, forward rectilinear movement by one step of the entire shuttles is caused on the branch I.
  • the shuttles S33-S34 in a closed condition are moved from the rotational device 20 to the closed position on the branch I; moreover the shuttles S35-S36 are opened and moved forwards at the same time as the open shuttles S37-S38. Otherwise, the shuttles S1-S2 are closed, i.e. moved near one another and pushed forwards by one step, they in turn pushing the closed shuttles S3-S4 onto the rotational device 20 at the corner B; after this rectilinear step, an operator can position a pair of socks on the forms 14A, 14B of the pairs of open shuttles S35-S36, and S37-S38.
  • the rail section 12A of the rotational device 20 relative to the angle C is rotated by 90° to align the rail section 12A to the fixed rail 12 of the branch II, whilst the pair of closed shuttles S25-S26 at the corner D is in turn rotated by 90°, aligning the rail section 12A of the rotational device 20, to the fixed rail 12 of the branch IV.
  • the sock aligning, ironing, drying and removal operations continue, with the pairs of shuttles stationary in the respective stations and with the pairs of forms 14A, 14B parallely arranged alongside one another.
  • the set of closed shuttles on the branch II is pushed forwards by the pushing member 25 of the rotational device 20 of the corner B, pushing in turn the pair of closed shuttles S11-S 12 on the rotational device 20 at the corner C; the pair of closed shuttles S11-S12 on the rotational device 20 at the corner D is in turn pushed or dragged forward on the fixed rail 12 of the branch IV, in contact with the already existing shuttles.
  • the operative cycle may again starts from the instant T0, as disclosed previously.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zum Dampfbügeln von Herrensocken, demzufolge die Socken auf die jeweiligen Tragformen (14) geladen werden, von denen jede an einem jeweiligen Schiffchen (13) befestigt ist, das in einer Stufenform entlang der Zweige (I, II, III, IV) eines viereckigen Pfades beweglich ist, der eine Socken-Einsteigezone (15), eine Dampfbügelstation (17), eine Trocknungsstation (18) und eine Station (19) zum Entfernen der Socken aus den Tragformen (14) umfasst, und wobei die Schiffchen (13) entlang des viereckigen Pfades sequentiell bewegt werden, wobei der Pfad an den Ecken (A, B, C, D) des viereckigen Pfades die Schiffchen (13) von einem Zweig an einen anderen (I, II, III, IV) überträgt, gekennzeichnet durch:
    Bereitstellen mehrerer Paare unabhängiger Schiffchen (13A, 13B), wobei jedes Paar von Schiffchen (13A, 13B) eine erste und eine zweite Sockentragform (14A, 14B) für ein Paar Socken umfasst, die in Längsrichtung zu der Bewegungsrichtung derselben Formen hin orientiert sind;
    Öffnen der Schiffchen jeden Paares (13A, 13B), um die Tragformen (14A, 14B) für die Socken an der Einsteigezone (15) voneinander beabstandet anzuordnen;
    Schließen der Schiffchen (13A, 13B) jedes Paares von Schiffchen im Kontakt miteinander und Positionieren der Tragformen (14A, 14B) Seite an Seite für jedes Paar von Socken, die gebügelt werden sollen;
    sequentielles Bewegen jedes Paares von Schiffchen (13A, 13B), wobei die Sockentragformen (14A, 14B) Seite an Seite angeordnet sind, durch die Bügelstation (17) entlang der Trocknungsstation (18) und durch die Entfernungsstation (19) für die Socken;
    wahlweises Drehen einzelner Paare von Schiffchen (13A, 13B) an den Ecken (A, B, C, D) des viereckigen Pfades, um Paare von Schiffchen (13A, 13B) von einem Zweig an den nächsten des viereckigen Pfades zu übertragen, während die Schiffchen (13A, 13B) jedes Paares von Schiffchen in einem geschlossenen Zustand mit den Sockentragformen (14A, 14B) gehalten werden; und
    gleichzeitiges Entfernen jedes Paares von Socken von den Tragformen (14A, 14B) an der Entfernungsstation (19).
  2. Verfahren zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch ein Durchführen der Ausrichtung der Kanten der Socken auf den Tragformen (14A, 14B) vor dem Bügelschritt.
  3. Verfahren zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch ein Durchführen eines Heißpressens jedes Paares von Socken nach dem Trocknen, wobei sich die Kanten der Socken in einer ausgerichteten Konfiguration befinden.
  4. Verfahren zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch ein wahlweises Öffnen und Schließen verschiedener Paare von Schiffchen (13A, 13B), um die Formen (14A, 14B) entlang der Einsteigezone (15) wegzubewegen und zu nähern, Ausrichten der Kanten der Socken in dem ersten Zweig (I) des viereckigen Pfades.
  5. Vorrichtung, die geeignet ist zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 1 und die Schiffchen (13) umfasst, die entlang von Längs- und Querzweigen (I, II, III, IV), die an den jeweiligen Ecken (A, B, C, D) eines viereckigen Pfades zusammenlaufen, beweglich sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung ferner umfasst:
    mehrere Paare von Schiffchen (13A, 13B), wobei jedes Paar mit einem Paar einer Sockentragform (14A, 14B) zum Einsteigen von Paaren von Socken versehen ist, wobei die Schiffchen (13A, 13B) jedes Paares von Schiffchen zwischen einem voneinander beabstandeten oder offenen Zustand und einem engen oder geschlossenen Zustand entlang der Socken-Einsteigezone (15) des viereckigen Pfades relativ beweglich sind;
    wobei die Schiffchen (13A, 13B) jedes Paares von Schiffchen konfiguriert sind, um in ihrem engen, geschlossenen Zustand in Kontakt miteinander zu kommen, und um sich Seite an Seite zu halten, wobei die Socken dann in einer Seite-an-Seite-Haltung in den Tragformen (14A, 14B) jedes Paares von Socken angeordnet sind;
    wobei die Vorrichtung ferner eine Drehvorrichtung (20) und eine Mitnahmevorrichtung (25) für die Paare von Schiffchen (13A, 13B) umfasst, die konfiguriert sind, um jedes Paar von Schiffchen (13A, 13B) an jeder Ecke (A, B, C, D) winkelmäßig zu drehen bzw. um die Paare von Schiffchen (13A, 13B) entlang jedes Zweiges (I, II, III, IV) des viereckigen Pfades mitzunehmen;
    und ein Satz von Kämmen (40, 43) und von linearen Betätigungsvorrichtungen (41, 44), die konfiguriert sind, um jedes Paar von Schiffchen (13A, 13B) in Eingriff zu bringen und aus dem Eingriff zu lösen, bzw. um die Schiffchen von mindestens einem Paar von Schiffchen (13A, 13B) an der Socken-Einsteigezone (15) zu öffnen, zu schließen und zu bewegen.
  6. Vorrichtung, die geeignet ist zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Schiffchen (13) entlang einer Führungsschiene (12), die sich in Längsrichtung nach jedem Zweig (I, II, III, IV) des viereckigen Pfades erstreckt, beweglich sind, wobei jede Drehvorrichtung (20) einen drehbar gestützten Schienenabschnitt (12A) umfasst, der operativ mit einer Betätigungsvorrichtung (32) verbunden ist, und eine C-förmige Führungsplatte (33) umfasst, die eine innere kreisförmige Führungskante für die Schiffchen (13A, 13B) aufweist, wobei die innere Führungskante der Führungsplatte (33) auf zwei Seiten hin zu den Zweigen (I, II, III, IV) des viereckigen Pfades, der zu derselben Drehvorrichtung (20) hin orientiert ist, offen ist.
  7. Vorrichtung, die geeignet ist zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 5 und/oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung mindestens eine schiebende Betätigungsvorrichtung (25) für die Paare von Schiffchen (13A, 13B) an jeder Drehvorrichtung (20) umfasst.
  8. Vorrichtung, die geeignet ist zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach einem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie auf der einen Seite der Socken-Einsteigezone (15) einen ersten (40) und entsprechend einen zweiten (43) mitnehmenden Kamm umfasst, der angepasst ist, um die Paare von Schiffchen (13A, 13B), die in Bezug aufeinander in der Bewegungsrichtung der Schiffchen (13A, 13B) beweglich sind, zu öffnen, zu schließen und mitzunehmen.
  9. Vorrichtung, die geeignet ist zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste und der zweite mitnehmende Kamm (40, 43) für die Paare von Schiffchen (13A, 13B) auf einem Trägerelement (36) angeordnet sind, das senkrecht zu der Führungsschiene (12) für die Paare von Schiffchen (13A, 13B) beweglich ist.
  10. Vorrichtung, die geeignet ist zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 8 und/oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie auf der den mitnehmenden Kämmen (40, 43) gegenüberliegenden Seite einen ergänzenden Kamm (45) umfasst, um die Schiffchen (13A, 13B) entlang der Einsteigezone (15) zu verriegeln.
  11. Vorrichtung, die geeignet ist zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einsteigezone (15), die Bügelstation (17), Trocknungsstation (18) und die Station (19) zum Entfernen der Paare von Socken an unterschiedlichen Zweigen (I, II, III, IV) des viereckigen Pfades positioniert sind.
  12. Vorrichtung, die geeignet ist zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Ausrichtungsstation (16) zum Ausrichten der Kanten der Socken auf den Tragformen (14A, 14B) stromaufwärts der Bügelstation (17) auf demselben Zweig (II) des viereckigen Pfades umfasst.
  13. Vorrichtung, die geeignet ist zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 5, die ferner dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie eine Heißpressstation (21) für die Paare von Socken auf den Tragformen (14A, 14B) umfasst.
  14. Vorrichtung, die geeignet ist zum Bügeln von Herrensocken nach Anspruch 13, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Heißpressstation (21) axial auf die Trocknungsstation (18) ausgerichtet ist.
EP13197852.0A 2013-12-17 2013-12-17 Verfahren und automatische Vorrichtung zum Bügeln von Socken Not-in-force EP2886695B1 (de)

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FR2211951A5 (en) 1972-12-21 1974-07-19 Heliot Maurice Ets Handling device with rotatable platform for panty hose - automatically removes them from formers and deposits them on a rail
IT1264260B1 (it) 1993-11-08 1996-09-23 Carmelo Angelo Cortese Macchina per il trattamento di calze da uomo particolarmente configuranti il tallone
ITBO20010214A1 (it) * 2001-04-11 2002-10-11 Cortese Spa Metodo e macchina per il fissaggio di articoli tessili
ITBO20030142A1 (it) * 2003-03-14 2004-09-15 Cortese Spa Metodo e macchina per lo stiro di articoli tessili

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110158258A (zh) * 2019-06-27 2019-08-23 杭州富阳松连食品有限公司 一种在套或取下时根据尺寸减小磨损的袜子定型机
CN110158258B (zh) * 2019-06-27 2021-06-01 佛山张氏织造有限公司 一种在套或取下时根据尺寸减小磨损的袜子定型机

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