EP2882874B1 - Lance à air chaud - Google Patents

Lance à air chaud Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2882874B1
EP2882874B1 EP13737131.6A EP13737131A EP2882874B1 EP 2882874 B1 EP2882874 B1 EP 2882874B1 EP 13737131 A EP13737131 A EP 13737131A EP 2882874 B1 EP2882874 B1 EP 2882874B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shell
hot
innermost
hot air
lance
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP13737131.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2882874A1 (fr
Inventor
Christian GÜNTHER
Michael Wahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
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Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
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Publication of EP2882874A1 publication Critical patent/EP2882874A1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
    • C21C5/4613—Refractory coated lances; Immersion lances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2250/00—Specific additives; Means for adding material different from burners or lances
    • C21C2250/02—Hot oxygen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hot blast lance for use in metallurgical processes, such as bpsw. steel production, with which hot air is blown above a molten bath of a steel converter, which consists of an outer shell, and at least one inner shell, and disposed between the outer and an inner shell at least one coolant-flowing gap or cooling channel, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • both pig iron and scrap are used as feedstock.
  • sponge iron in the form of DRI (Direct Reduced Iron) or HBI (Hot Briquetted Iron) can be used.
  • An example of this is from the EP 1 920 075 B1 known.
  • WO 03/006693 A1 a gas injection lance is known, which is cooled in an inner jacket and an outer jacket. The gas injection lance is thus well protected as such, but it is withdrawn when using hot wind relatively much heat energy from the hot blast, which is then bad for the overall energy balance, if you want to go with high scrap rates.
  • Hot air is understood as meaning an oxygen-containing gas heated to 1,200 ° C. (500-1,400 ° C.).
  • the gas is typically composed of the main components oxygen, nitrogen and argon.
  • the oxygen content is in the range of normal air (21%) and can be up to 35% or even 50% enriched with oxygen.
  • a synthesis gas could be understood as a hot blast, which is obtained, for example, from the exhaust gases of a combustion reaction of a fuel such as blast furnace gas, coke gas, converter gas or natural gas or other gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon with air.
  • the O 2 content of the synthesis gas can be adjusted by the air ratio of the combustion and, if appropriate, simultaneous enrichment of the combustion air with oxygen and / or the mixing of the combustion exhaust gases with pure oxygen.
  • the hot blast produced in this process has levels of CO2 and water as combustion products.
  • the invention is therefore the object of further developing a hot blast lance that hot blast can be particularly effective, so with minimal temperature losses in a reaction vessel, eg a steel converter can be introduced, and the lance better adapted to this environment of use.
  • the core of the invention is that the inner jacket or the innermost jacket at least partially consists of a thermally insulating additional jacket, or a thermally insulating jacket, or is coated with a thermally insulating layer.
  • the H finallyluftnachverbrennung requires a special device for forwarding the hot blast from the hot blast source and for introducing the hot blast in the reaction vessel, via a corresponding, designed here according to the invention hot blast lance.
  • a converter can be used, as it is known from steel production. Basically, an afterburning can be done with Hot wind also operate in any other usual in metallurgy reaction vessel, it is irrelevant whether the walls of the vessel are completely, partially or not cooled with cooling water.
  • a metallurgical reaction vessel In the interior of a metallurgical reaction vessel typically prevail temperatures of about 1,000 ° C, wherein in the gas phase, temperatures of up to 2,000 ° C can be achieved.
  • temperatures of up to 2,000 ° C can be achieved.
  • a permanent operation of a blowing lance in the region of a reaction vessel for example.
  • it is essential to cool the injection lance above the liquid bath surface, it is essential to cool the injection lance, in this case so the hot blast lance intensively with water. Water cooling protects the hot blast lance from the high gas temperatures prevailing in the upper chamber of the reaction vessel.
  • the high gas temperatures go to a considerable extent on the in the reaction vessel (eg, in a steel converter) running and possibly.
  • the injection lance maintained idR exothermic reactions. As such, water-cooled lances are known per se.
  • the water-cooled shell of juxtaposed, cooling water pipes is constructed, which are interconnected with narrow, solid webs.
  • two adjacent tubes are connected at one end to a manifold, the other two ends are each connected to a flow and a return header.
  • a pipe-to-pipe construction is introduced in which the pipes are welded directly to each other without web.
  • three tubes of ever smaller diameter are arranged concentrically to each other. This creates between the outer and the middle tube, as well as between the middle and the inner tube each have a concentric space. If one connects the outer and the inner pipe at one end of the lance and shortens the middle pipe, the result is a geometry in which the two interspaces can be used as supply and return for the lance cooling water.
  • spacers are introduced between the tubes. Often these spacers are designed as welded in the longitudinal direction on the respective thinner pipe narrow webs.
  • the described water-cooled device is used with regard to protection of heat entry.
  • a special feature lies in the fact that hot wind is not a cold but a typical one 1200 ° C hot medium is.
  • the hot-blast process is not always a continuous process, but is a batch process, especially in the converter process. Accordingly, the plant components provided for this purpose are always exposed to hot blast phases, whereby the plant parts cool down during the process breaks regularly. The result is an uneven load profile, which leads to a significant thermal cycling (TWB) of the applied equipment parts. This results in a special requirement profile on the side facing the media of the hot blast lance. This is taken into account with the present invention.
  • the material surface of the innermost of the three tubes through which hot wind flows is exposed to high thermal, oxidative and abrasive loads. To protect the side facing the hot wind, this can be protected by a suitable coating against the aforementioned loads. In view of the considerable thermal load, it will generally be possible to work only with thin ( ⁇ 10 ⁇ m) layers, since thicker layers tend to embrittle and chip due to the different thermal expansion compared to the base material.
  • Suitable layer systems are ceramic layers, overlay layers or application layers, which can be applied by conventional application methods, chemical vapor deposition or thermal vapor deposition, thermal spraying, build-up welding or application of SolGel systems, the layers possibly still being formed by a thermal step (by curing, diffusion, crosslinking, etc.) can be improved in their functionality.
  • the inner shell or the innermost shell is provided at least on the inside with a protective layer or coating.
  • the lance advantageously still has a good resistance to abrasion and corrosion. This is important insofar as the flow rate of hot air because of the lower density of the hot air compared to air under normal conditions is significantly larger.
  • the mechanical load of the inner shell of the lance due to the flow of hot air is thereby greater than is the case with an oxygen lance, in which the oxygen is conveyed substantially in a cold state and usually under high pressure through the lance.
  • the outer jacket is cooled against the high ambient temperatures in converter operation. Nevertheless, it can be achieved that the hot air flowing through the inner jacket, if necessary, is cooled to a slight extent.
  • the cooling channel through which water flows is separated by two walls from the inner tube of the lance, through which the hot air flows. Due to the flowing hot air, the inner tube is mechanically, thermally and chemically stressed comparatively strong. This can lead to cracks in the jacket of the inner tube.
  • the intermediate jacket is then advantageously achieved that in case of damage to the inner tube by the flowing hot air not immediately coolant can reach the interior of the lance and is conveyed from there with the flowing hot air into the converter. In the described embodiment, only hot air then passes into the region between the inner jacket and the intermediate jacket. Because the Hot air there can not continue to flow with the comparatively high flow velocity, the intermediate coat is then no longer mechanically stressed.
  • the inner shell or the innermost shell consists of several layers, and that at least the innermost of these layers, namely layer consists of an abrasion and / or corrosion resistant material.
  • the inner shell or the innermost shell consists of a ceramic material or is coated with the same. Ceramic materials advantageously meet the requirements outlined above.
  • the abrasion and / or corrosion-resistant material or the ceramic material is provided on the adhering to the inner or innermost shell side with a temperature-resistant bonding agent or liner.
  • the bonding agent or liner is so elastic that it compensates for the difference in the coefficient of expansion of the inner or innermost shell to abrasions- and / or corrosion-resistant material or to the ceramic material.
  • the abrasion- and / or corrosion-resistant material or the ceramic material consists of a layer system in which the surface to which the hot wind flows consists of a dense ceramic material and the surface facing away from the hot wind consists of a ceramic foam material.
  • the ceramic foam material has a higher elasticity than the solid ceramic material.
  • the coating is relatively thin. This makes it possible to keep the weight of the lance within limits. This proves to be advantageous insofar as the lance must be moved in the vertical direction relative to the converter during operation. A small layer thickness also proves advantageous because of the thermal cycling of the hot air lance in converter operation. This alternating stress is due to the fact that before the tapping of the converter, the lance is moved out. This stops the delivery of hot air through the lance. The lance then cools until hot air is conveyed through the lance at the next converter operation. The lance is heated again accordingly.
  • a suitable material for a coating may consist, for example, of Al 2 O 3 , SiC, SiSiC or a super-Alloy. This material can be applied for example by sputtering, electrochemical or electrolytic coating, flame spraying, paint comparable to a color or by applying a suspension in which the liquid evaporates and the solid particles cover the outer surface or inner surface of the inner shell of the lance.
  • this ceramic material has good thermal insulation properties (ie low thermal conductivity).
  • the material is also sufficiently mechanically stable (especially against abrasion) and has a sufficient Shock resistance to the occurring temperature fluctuations.
  • the operation is intermittent. This means that hot air is not continuously conveyed through the inner jacket.
  • the hot blast source in the form of a pebble heater is re-fired to store heat for the production of hot air for the next melting process.
  • no hot air is conveyed through the lance, so that the inner jacket of the lance cools.
  • hot air is again conveyed through the inner shell of the lance, so that the inner shell is then exposed to correspondingly high temperatures.
  • At least one intermediate jacket or gap is arranged, and is flowed through with coolant.
  • a Temper istskanal is disposed between the outer shell and the innermost shell, which in Blas humor the hot blast is also flowed through with hot blast.
  • the inner jacket may be kept at a high temperature on its outside as well, due to the hot air flowing in the tempering channel.
  • the hot air, which flows through the inner jacket, is introduced largely without cooling at a high temperature in the converter.
  • the hot air, which flows through the Temper istskanal is cooled in this embodiment to some extent.
  • This hot air which has flowed through the tempering channel, can be introduced via diffusely distributed outlet nozzles on the outlet side of the lance into the space of the converter above the steel bath. In this case, it must be avoided by the design of the nozzles that this hot air, which has flowed through the tempering channel, is mixed with the hot air which has been conveyed through the inner shell. As a result, mixing these two hot air components would nevertheless mean a reduction of the hot air temperature for the process.
  • the tempering channel As an alternative to introducing the hot air which has flowed through the tempering channel into the gas space of the converter, it is also possible to design the tempering channel in such a way that the hot air in the tempering channel is circulated from the upper end (inlet end of the hot air into the lance) to the lower end (lance head, Outlet end of the hot air from the lance into the converter) flows and is returned from there in the Temper michskanal, in the direction the upper end of the lance. From there, the hot air can then be led out of the lance and released to the environment. For this purpose, this hot air flowing out of the tempering channel is advantageously led out of the hall of the factory. In the converter then only the hot air is introduced, which was conveyed through the inner shell of the lance.
  • At least the inner or innermost shell along its longitudinal direction consists of several sections or sleeves, which are designed partially overlapping at the points of contact of the individual sections or sleeves.
  • An embodiment is particularly advantageous when the floating inner shell of the hot blast lance is provided with an insulating layer, such as rock wool, in relation to the water-cooled jacket area.
  • the innermost surface or coating surface which is in direct contact with the hot blast, is structurally or microstructured with reduced flow resistance and / or reduced adhesion.
  • the inner surface of the inner shell with a surface profile in order to improve the flow profile.
  • This surface profile can be designed, for example, in the manner of a sharkskin.
  • This surface profile can be produced by a corresponding processing of the surface or by a corresponding coating.
  • FIG. 1 shows a hot wind source as a so-called Pebble Heater 30.
  • the Pebble Heater is a special type of regenerator. Here, cold wind is passed through a previously heated with burner gas firing stocking of bulk material, and withdrawn as a heated hot blast.
  • the hot blast outlet of the Pebble Heater 30 or regenerator opens into a hot blast line, not shown here, which is connected to the hot air lance or is connected to the hot blast line in the inflating operating position.
  • the converter operation is a batch operation
  • the hot blast only for the time of the batch operated To be available.
  • the burner is then operated in the Pebble Heater, and this heats up the stocking of bulk material in this time again until hot wind is generated again by cold wind supply in the Pebble Heater for the next converter batch.
  • FIG. 2 shows the hot blast lance 10 in the operating position in which it is retracted in a converter 20.
  • the components listed above in the text are additionally added via the bottom nozzles and also oxygen is blown in on the bottom side. This presentation is the above already made statements again.
  • FIG. 3 now shows the in FIG. 2 illustrated hot blast lance 10 in its layer structure according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows only one side of a short section a longitudinal section through the hot blast lance.
  • the dashed line represents the central axis of the hot blast lance.
  • the wall of the hot blast lance 10 is shown here for simplicity only on one side of the central axis. Nevertheless, the layer or sheath sequence becomes clear from outside to inside.
  • the outer shell 1 forms here together with the inner shell 2 a composite with a gap 3.
  • the intermediate space 3 is designed as a cooling jacket, which is flowed through by a coolant.
  • This inner shell 2 can be coated with a thin layer 41, which serves as a transition layer to a another inner jacket 42 is used.
  • This jacket 42 may already be a ceramic tube, or a ceramic coated tube.
  • the innermost tube or the innermost jacket 45 may be provided as a floating tube, and at least on the innermost surface in turn be provided with a corrosion and / or abrasion resistant layer 46.
  • the given between the innermost floating jacket or tube 45 space 5 can be filled with rock wool, or other thermally well insulating materials.
  • a structure like this follows several measures at the same time, namely on the one hand a good thermal insulation from the inside out, so that the hot air does not cool in the hot blast lance, and on the other hand causes the coating system that a good corrosion and abrasion resistance.
  • the floating support of the innermost tube or shell 46 allows for different thermally induced linear expansion of different materials used.
  • adhesion-promoting layers or liners can at least partially absorb thermal stresses in a compensatory manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Lance à vent chaud destinée à être utilisée dans des processus métallurgiques, par exemple la production d'acier, qui permet d'insuffler un vent chaud au-dessus d'un bain de fusion d'un convertisseur d'aciérie, laquelle lance est constituée d'une enveloppe extérieure (1) et d'au moins une enveloppe intérieure (2) et une enveloppe la plus à l'intérieur, et au moins un espace intermédiaire (3) ou canal de refroidissement parcouru par un agent de refroidissement est disposé entre l'enveloppe extérieure et une enveloppe intérieure, caractérisée en ce que l'enveloppe la plus à l'intérieur est définie par un tube de lance interne à travers lequel un vent chaud peut s'écouler, et l'enveloppe intérieure (2) ou l'enveloppe la plus à l'intérieur (4) est constituée au moins partiellement ou est pourvue d'une enveloppe supplémentaire thermo-isolante (4) ou d'une enveloppe thermo-isolante, ou est revêtue d'une couche thermo-isolante, et l'enveloppe la plus à l'intérieur (45) est montée de manière flottante dans la lance à vent chaud.
  2. Lance à vent chaud selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'enveloppe intérieure (2) ou l'enveloppe la plus à l'intérieur (4) est pourvue d'une couche de protection (41) resp. (46) au moins sur le côté intérieur.
  3. Lance à vent chaud selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que l'enveloppe intérieure (2) ou l'enveloppe la plus à l'intérieur (4) est constituée de plusieurs couches (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46) et en ce qu'au moins la plus intérieure de ces couches, à savoir la couche (46) ou la couche (43), est constituée d'un matériau résistant à l'abrasion et/ou à la corrosion.
  4. Lance à vent chaud selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que l'enveloppe intérieure (2) ou l'enveloppe la plus à l'intérieur (4) est constituée d'une matière céramique ou est revêtue d'une matière céramique.
  5. Lance à vent chaud selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce que le matériau résistant à l'abrasion et/ou à la corrosion resp. la matière céramique est pourvu(e), sur le côté adhérant à l'enveloppe intérieure ou la plus à l'intérieur, d'un agent adhésif ou d'un film résistant à la température.
  6. Lance à vent chaud selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que l'agent adhésif ou le film est élastique, de sorte qu'il compense la différence de coefficient de dilatation de l'enveloppe intérieure ou la plus à l'intérieur par rapport au matériau résistant à l'abrasion et/ou à la corrosion resp. à la matière céramique.
  7. Lance à vent chaud selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le matériau résistant à l'abrasion et/ou à la corrosion resp. la matière céramique est constitué(e) d'un système de couches dans lequel la surface située du côté du vent chaud est constituée d'une matière céramique dense et la surface éloignée du vent chaud est constituée d'une matière de mousse céramique.
  8. Lance à vent chaud selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'une au moins une enveloppe intermédiaire ou un au moins un espace intermédiaire (3) est situé (e) entre l'enveloppe intérieure (2) et l'enveloppe extérieure (1), laquelle/lequel enveloppe/espace est parcouru/e par un agent de refroidissement.
  9. Lance à vent chaud selon les revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'espace (3) entre l'enveloppe extérieure (1) et l'enveloppe intérieure (2) est rempli d'un matériau bloquant la radiation thermique ou est pourvu d'une couche mince bloquant la radiation thermique afin d'assurer une protection contre un transfert de chaleur dû à la radiation thermique.
  10. Lance à vent chaud selon les revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'un canal d'équilibrage de température est disposé entre l'enveloppe extérieure (1) et l'enveloppe la plus à l'intérieur (46), lequel canal peut également être traversé par le vent chaud pendant l'insufflation du vent chaud.
  11. Lance à vent chaud selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins l'enveloppe intérieure (42) ou l'enveloppe la plus à l'intérieur (45) est constituée de plusieurs tronçons ou manchons le long de sa direction longitudinale, lesquels sont conçus de manière à se chevaucher partiellement au niveau des points de contact entre les tronçons ou manchons individuels.
  12. Lance à vent chaud selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce que la surface la plus à l'intérieur (46) ou surface de revêtement qui est en relation directe d'écoulement avec le vent chaud présente une structure ou une microstructure qui réduit la résistance à l'écoulement et/ou l'adhérence de l'écoulement.
  13. Utilisation d'une lance à vent chaud selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12 pour insuffler un vent chaud au-dessus d'un bain d'acier et/ou d'un tas de ferrailles, et/ou de déchets minéraux dans un convertisseur d'aciérie.
EP13737131.6A 2012-08-08 2013-06-20 Lance à air chaud Active EP2882874B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012016143.3A DE102012016143A1 (de) 2012-08-08 2012-08-08 Heißwindlanze
PCT/EP2013/001825 WO2014023372A1 (fr) 2012-08-08 2013-06-20 Lance à air chaud

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2882874A1 EP2882874A1 (fr) 2015-06-17
EP2882874B1 true EP2882874B1 (fr) 2019-08-07

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EP13737131.6A Active EP2882874B1 (fr) 2012-08-08 2013-06-20 Lance à air chaud

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2882874B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012016143A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014023372A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107354312A (zh) * 2017-09-12 2017-11-17 侯锦峰 四通道氧气粉煤喷枪
WO2023164076A1 (fr) * 2022-02-25 2023-08-31 Sierra Energy Lances d'injection de réactifs dans des gazéifieurs

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE792348A (fr) * 1971-12-28 1973-03-30 Uss Eng & Consult Procede de liaison de garnitures dans des tubes metalliques
LU80250A1 (fr) * 1978-09-18 1979-06-01 R Hubert Ensemble a buses ejectrices,dit"nez de lance",servant a souffler des gaz,vehiculant ou non des matieres solides,sur ou dans un bain de metal en fusion
DE4238970C1 (de) * 1992-11-19 1994-04-21 Kct Tech Gmbh Verfahren zum Einblasen oxidierender Gase in Metallschmelzen
DE4343957C2 (de) 1993-12-22 1997-03-20 Tech Resources Pty Ltd Konverterverfahren zur Produktion von Eisen
DE59912441D1 (de) * 1998-08-28 2005-09-22 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren zun herstellen einer metallschmelze mittels einer multifunktionslanze
US6503442B1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2003-01-07 Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. Metal-zirconia composite coating with resistance to molten metals and high temperature corrosive gases
AUPR624801A0 (en) * 2001-07-10 2001-08-02 Technological Resources Pty Limited A gas injection lance
CN101184854B (zh) 2006-01-04 2011-04-13 萨斯特股份公司 用于预热铁结块的方法
AT506984B1 (de) * 2008-06-17 2010-06-15 Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh Sauerstoffblaslanze mit schutzelement

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Publication number Publication date
WO2014023372A1 (fr) 2014-02-13
EP2882874A1 (fr) 2015-06-17
DE102012016143A1 (de) 2014-02-13

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