EP2878544B2 - Procédé et dispositif de contrôle des collages entre des articles d'une gerbe - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de contrôle des collages entre des articles d'une gerbe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2878544B2
EP2878544B2 EP13195347.3A EP13195347A EP2878544B2 EP 2878544 B2 EP2878544 B2 EP 2878544B2 EP 13195347 A EP13195347 A EP 13195347A EP 2878544 B2 EP2878544 B2 EP 2878544B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
articles
bundle
article
container
force
Prior art date
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Application number
EP13195347.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2878544B1 (fr
EP2878544A1 (fr
Inventor
Manuel Kollmuss
Frank Winzinger
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Krones AG
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Krones AG
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Priority to EP13195347.3A priority Critical patent/EP2878544B2/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D21/00—Nestable, stackable or joinable containers; Containers of variable capacity
    • B65D21/02—Containers specially shaped, or provided with fittings or attachments, to facilitate nesting, stacking, or joining together
    • B65D21/0201—Containers specially shaped, or provided with fittings or attachments, to facilitate nesting, stacking, or joining together stackable or joined together side-by-side
    • B65D21/0205—Containers specially shaped, or provided with fittings or attachments, to facilitate nesting, stacking, or joining together stackable or joined together side-by-side joined together by bonding, adhesive or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B17/00—Other machines, apparatus, or methods for packaging articles or materials
    • B65B17/02—Joining articles, e.g. cans, directly to each other for convenience of storage, transport, or handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for checking the bonds between the articles of a bundle of articles that are directly connected to one another by gluing, according to the features of the preamble of claim 1, and a device for carrying out the same according to the features of the preamble of claim 7.
  • Bundles are an effective way of allowing multiple items to be handled at once, for example to facilitate the transport of multiple items at once.
  • containers are usually unavoidable, since such containers form the most common variant of sales units for various items, such as beverage containers and bottles made of PET plastic.
  • a number A of articles also referred to as the bundle size, which are to be combined in the bundle, according to a desired arrangement within the bundle.
  • the bundle size For example, beverage containers can be combined into packs of four, six or more containers. The group of articles produced in this way is then held together according to the design of the container.
  • the items in a pack can be arranged, for example, in a straight row one behind the other, or the items in a pack can be arranged regularly in rows and rows running at right angles to one another.
  • honeycomb or spherical composite which is also referred to as a nested arrangement.
  • the articles arranged in adjacent rows in the container are each offset from one another in such a way that the gaps formed between the containers are as small as possible.
  • the rows do not run at right angles to the rows, but diagonally.
  • the rows can run straight or angled in a V-shape, or angled in a zigzag shape and run obliquely to the rows.
  • Such a honeycomb or sphere arrangement represents a composite of a given number of articles with the smallest possible footprint.
  • a first possibility is the use of an enclosure which encloses the articles of the bundle at the periphery of the article group.
  • the items in a bundle can be held together, for example, by means of an enclosure in the form of a strap, an outer packaging such as a wrap, a shrink tube or a cardboard box, a cardboard box or a carrying frame, to name just a few conceivable designs.
  • the container can also be packed by means of an enclosure.
  • beverage containers can not only be held together by means of shrink film wrappings, wrappings or a carton to form bundles, but can also be packed at the same time.
  • a carrying handle or one or more grip options can be provided on the enclosure in order to be able to grasp the finished container more easily with one hand.
  • containers are known that do not require an enclosure.
  • the articles themselves are connected directly to one another, for example by detachable snap-in connections, predetermined breaking points, such as perforations, or by means of adhesive bonds between the articles.
  • DE 10 20011 106 759 B3 describes a process for the production of containers from articles which are directly connected to one another by means of adhesives.
  • the containers can be provided with a carrying handle.
  • a disadvantage of containers designed without an enclosure, for example, the articles of which are directly connected to one another by adhesives, is that only one or a few poorly executed adhesive bonds within a container can lead to the container falling apart unintentionally during normal handling of the container after its manufacture container, which would otherwise have no consequences for a container with flawlessly manufactured adhesions. Such falling apart is particularly painful when it also affects perfectly manufactured containers. If the bundles produced are palletized, for example, for their further handling, a bundle can fall apart during palletizing, for example during stacking to form a stack or if a finished stack is wrapped, result in a total loss of all bundles palletized together.
  • One object of the invention is to specify a method and a device for checking the bonds between the articles of a bundle, which bundle is designed without an enclosure and the articles of which are directly connected to one another by glueing.
  • the container preferably has an arrangement of its articles in at least two rows and at least three rows or in at least three rows and at least two rows.
  • the package may have its articles arranged in at least three or more rows and three or more rows.
  • the finished container is designed without an enclosure.
  • a bond between two articles of the bundle can be produced by one, two or more adhesive spots of an adhesive applied to the lateral surfaces of the articles that abut in the bundle arrangement.
  • the lateral surfaces do not actually have to collide in the pack arrangement; it is sufficient here that they come so close together that any gap that may remain between them when two articles are brought together to form a bundle arrangement is bridged by the adhesive.
  • not every article has to be connected to all of its neighboring articles in the finished container by gluing.
  • an article inside the container for example four, five or six articles arranged around it in the finished container, with which it collides on its lateral surface, can be connected by an adhesive bond, but it can only be connected to, for example, two or three of its neighboring articles be connected by an adhesive.
  • An adhesive within the meaning of the invention is preferably one or more materials or masses with which an adhesive connection between articles is possible, in particular composed, heterogeneous composites or homogeneous materials or masses which, applied in the liquid or viscous state, form a self-adhesive application and/or bring about an adhesive bond using pressure and/or by applying energy and/or after curing or crosslinking, for example after or with an application of energy.
  • Adhesives in the sense of the invention are also multi-layer materials, e.g. those made of at least one carrier material which is coated with a material with which bonding between articles is possible, i.e. are adhesive and/or adhesively active at least on two sides. Such adhesives or adhesives can be referred to as pads.
  • the adhesive is preferably selected in such a way that the articles connected directly to one another by bonds produced using the adhesive can be detached or separated from the container manually and non-destructively. It is conceivable that the adhesive is initially in liquid or pasty form. For example, a low-viscosity, UV-curing adhesive is conceivable when it is applied.
  • a hot glue is also suitable, which only cools down and thus achieves its adhesive properties when the articles of the container are brought together and pressed against one another and held against one another on their lateral surfaces, which are provided with adhesive points and abut in the container arrangement, until the adhesive has hardened sufficiently.
  • a UV-curing adhesive is also advantageous with regard to the particularly easy adjustment of its desired properties.
  • a corresponding curing station or a curing section is arranged in a sensible manner, viewed in a transport or conveying direction of the finished container, upstream of a section along which the testing of the bonds for their proper production takes place.
  • a curing station can be, for example, irradiation with electromagnetic waves of suitable wavelengths, for example infrared (IR) or ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths.
  • the bonds can preferably be produced by an adhesive which, after being applied to the connection points of the articles to be connected to one another, first hardens, for example at an accelerated rate under the action of electromagnetic radiation, such as long-wave thermal radiation or short-wave radiation (UV radiation; UV light).
  • electromagnetic radiation such as long-wave thermal radiation or short-wave radiation (UV radiation; UV light).
  • the adhesive of the adhesive points at the connection points at which a connection or adhesion to another article is only produced at a later point in time in the ongoing production process is preferably only exposed to the electromagnetic radiation as soon as the adhesive for producing an adhesion starts to cure of the relevant liaison office in the ongoing procedure.
  • This procedure makes it possible, in principle, to apply the adhesive for producing the adhesive points at all connection points simultaneously and to control its curing time in a targeted manner for each connection point by the action of the electromagnetic radiation.
  • curing of the adhesive in the context of the invention is understood to mean that the adhesive changes from a state in which the adhesive dots are applied after pressing together to a state in which, after the pressing and holding are released, it is able to withstand the loads occurring during further handling of the intermediate container or the finished container due to forces and moments acting between the articles connected to one another by adhesives. Depending on the adhesive used, this condition can already occur before the adhesive has actually cured completely, for example.
  • an adhesive dot within the meaning of the invention is by no means to be understood in the mathematical-geometrical sense, but is a mental auxiliary construct which is intended to illustrate that the application of the adhesive is preferably contact-free and particularly special preferably takes place in a pulsed manner or at least within a short period of time.
  • the term adhesive point thus includes, at least on the finished container, both a punctiform, linear or strip-shaped and also two-dimensional application of adhesive and even a resulting three-dimensional adhesive body or connecting body made of adhesive to the adhesive applied to one or both sides manufactured connections between the articles.
  • the method provides that due to the force and/or moment effect, all the bonds between the articles are subjected to at least a tensile load and/or a shear load, for example in the form of a tensile load component and/or a shear load component, and/or are exposed to moment stress.
  • the method also provides for monitoring the reactions of the items in the bundle to the force and/or moment effect.
  • the method can provide that the forces occurring when handling the container are determined, for example experimentally or by calculation, and the individual forces and/or individual moments causing a corresponding force and/or moment effect during the test are specified in terms of amount and preferably also direction according to the experimental or mathematical determination.
  • the method provides that if it is determined during the monitoring that all items in the bundle behave the same, for example within limits proportional to the elasticity of the adhesive bonds and the force and/or moment effect, conclusions can be drawn that the bonds between the items in the bundle have been properly made will.
  • the method provides that if it is determined during the monitoring that at least two articles of the container behave differently, for example by exceeding the limits proportional to the elasticity of the adhesive bonds and the force and/or moment effect, an incorrectly manufactured adhesive bond is indicated is inferred.
  • the limits proportional to the elasticity of the bonds and the action of force and/or torque are predetermined by the fact that when bonds are properly produced, they are intact or not be damaged if the articles are deflected, which bear the bonds reversibly and non-destructively within their expansion limits.
  • the term yield point can be equated with the elastic limit and the yield point and, as a material characteristic of the adhesive used for the bonds, designate the stress up to which the adhesive shows no significant permanent plastic deformation. The yield point can therefore be equated at most to a yield point.
  • the monitoring can also be carried out directly by means of one or more contact switches and/or at least one video camera together with at least one image detection means executing an image recognition algorithm.
  • at least one data processing device connected to a video camera and/or at least one microprocessor connected to at least one video camera can be provided, which carries out the image recognition algorithm.
  • the image recognition algorithm With the image recognition algorithm, the individual items in the container can be identified in the captured video image. As a result, their reactions to the force and/or torque can be monitored in real time.
  • the methods of direct monitoring have in common a detection of the movements or changes in position of the individual items in the container to the effect of force and/or moment.
  • the reactions of the items in the container can be monitored indirectly, for example by generating the individual forces and/or moments by means of at least one electric or electromagnetic drive and/or actuator for each item.
  • electromagnetic actuators are used whose tensile force and/or compressive force and/or torque curve is proportional to their current consumption, the current consumption of the actuators can be monitored in order to draw conclusions about the force curve and thus the reaction of the respective article. A sudden drop in the power consumption of one or more actuators would indicate a failure of at least one bond.
  • An alternative or additional method for indirectly monitoring the reaction of the articles in the container to the action of force and/or moment can be monitoring the adjustment paths of the individual forces and/or moments on the individual.
  • Articles of the container provide for performing drives or actuators. For example, encoders already provided for determining the position of the drives or actuators, above all incremental encoders already installed in most actuators, such as rotary angle encoders, can be queried in order to determine the position of a drive or actuator acting on an article.
  • the position determination shows that an article, for example, the force that can be applied by the drive or actuator acting on it or - as determined, for example, by monitoring its current consumption - is not sufficient to destroy a properly produced bond, via a quotient of maximum removed from its neighboring articles by a measure proportional to the force and modulus of elasticity that can be applied by the actuator and/or by a measure proportional to the elastic limit of the adhesive, it can be concluded that the bond was not properly produced.
  • the individual moment(s) are preferably applied acting about a vertical axis perpendicular to a vertical axis that typically includes the floor or standing surfaces of the items in a container, which typically correspond to the undersides of the items.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the method provides that the sum of the individual forces and/or moments acting on the items in the container is equal to zero and that a moment and force balance is produced accordingly.
  • the test is carried out after the bundle has been completed and before it is stacked to form a stack of similar bundles at a stacking location.
  • the test is carried out by gripping the container provided for properly manufactured adhesions to form a stack of similar containers at a stacking location, the container being gripped by gripping all the articles in the container in the area of their tops, for example by means of each article individually grasping gripping tulips, suction cups, clamping grippers or similar.
  • gripping the container provided for properly manufactured adhesions to form a stack of similar containers at a stacking location, the container being gripped by gripping all the articles in the container in the area of their tops, for example by means of each article individually grasping gripping tulips, suction cups, clamping grippers or similar.
  • these are handled here in particular at their mouth areas.
  • this can be done by means of a gripper head of the palletizer that is already present at a stacking location for stacking, also referred to as palletizing, to form a stack of similar containers, in that the individual packing bells of the gripper head can be controlled individually and can therefore apply a test force to each individual item in a container.
  • all the packing tulips of the gripper head have their own electric drive for this purpose, to which they are connected, but it is also possible, for example, to equip only every second or third or even just one with such a drive.
  • Certain drives can also be locked in the test force application direction for a short time - at least at the moment the test force is applied.
  • the method particularly preferably provides that a container in which at least one bond between its articles has been identified as defective is excluded from further handling, for example by being sorted out, or provided by means of a label and by an identification possible by means of the label is excluded as defective from the treatments taking place in the course of further contact.
  • the method can provide that the individual forces and/or individual moments acting on an article of the container in each case specifically expose the one or more adhesive bonds of the respective article to its or its neighboring articles to a tensile load component and/or a shear load component and/or a moment stress , for example by the individual forces and/or individual moments acting on an article in a direction in which at least one bond with an adjacent article can absorb the individual force and/or the individual moment.
  • One or more correspondingly compensating individual forces and/or individual moments act on the adjacent article(s) connected to the respective article by one or more adhesive bonds.
  • the individual force acting on the article and/or the individual moment acting on the article preferably acts in such a way that the adhesive bond is exposed to a tensile load as a result of the individual force.
  • the individual force acting on the article acts on the side of the article facing away from the bond in the direction away from the bond.
  • a possibly additionally applied individual moment can create an additional shear load component.
  • the single force acting on the article on the side of the article facing away from the bonds can be directed away from the bisecting line between the Bonds to be applied.
  • bundles can also be checked in which at least not all articles are connected to all their neighboring articles by an adhesive.
  • the regulation can also be carried out with good measurements.
  • the regulation and its variants can also be an independent invention, for example if a test is carried out in which no forces are applied to the articles.
  • the invention allows a secure palletizing of packages that have been checked as having flawless adhesions.
  • a second object of the invention relates to a device suitable for carrying out a method described above and making use of the advantages of such a method.
  • the testing means preferably comprise force application means which hold all articles in a bundle individually and subject them to a force action consisting of individual forces acting simultaneously on each article in the bundle and/or a moment action consisting of individual moments acting simultaneously on each article in the bundle.
  • the test means comprise a gripping device as a force application means with a number of gripping tulips which corresponds at least to the number of articles in the container and grips the articles of a Are able to grasp bundles of articles connected to one another by adhesives, for example from the tops thereof.
  • the gripping tulips are arranged so as to be movable relative to one another in two linearly independent directions within a plane running parallel to the set-up or contact surfaces formed by the undersides of the articles.
  • the gripping tulips may also be arranged to be moveable in a third linearly independent out-of-plane direction.
  • the gripping tulips can alternatively or additionally be arranged individually so as to be rotatable about vertical axes perpendicular to the plane.
  • Each direction in which a tulip grip is movably arranged, and also the rotatable arrangement, represent a direction of movement of the tulip grips that can also be described as a degree of freedom.
  • the gripping tulips are in particular arranged to be movably driven in all of their directions of movement.
  • the gripping device can be designed as a gripper head provided for stacking up properly bonded bundles of the same type to form a stack at a stacking location, with a number of gripping tulips that are arranged independently of one another and are movably driven in at least one direction of movement provided for testing the bonds between the articles of the bundle be at least equal to the number of articles in the bundle.
  • the gripping device as a through EP 2 183 162 B1 known gripper head designed as a so-called packer or packer head. As a result, the test is carried out after the packaging has been completed and before it is stacked to form a stack of similar containers at a stacking location.
  • the container can be gripped by gripping all items in the container in the area of their upper sides by means of gripping tulips, suction cups or the like that individually grip each item.
  • a pack is checked by means of a gripper head of the palletizer, which is necessary anyway for stacking it up into a stack of similar packs at a stacking location, in which the individual gripper heads, also known as packing tulips, are placed in the to check the adhesions between the articles the directions of movement provided for by the container can be controlled individually and can therefore apply a test force to each individual item in a container.
  • the testing means can also include monitoring means, which monitoring means generate, for example, at least one number of output signals corresponding to the number of articles in the container to be checked.
  • Each output signal from the monitoring means is proportional to a movement and/or a change in position of an article in the container and to the effect of force and/or moment from individual forces and/or individual moments acting on the corresponding article.
  • the monitoring means can generate an output signal which is proportional either to a similar reaction of all articles in the bundle to the force and/or moment effect or to a different reaction of at least one article to the remaining articles in the bundle.
  • the monitoring means can, for example, comprise sensors or devices which, through contact with the items in the container to be checked or without contact, detect their reaction to the force and/or torque acting on the individual items in the container by individual forces and/or individual moments.
  • the monitoring means can comprise one or more contact switches and/or at least one video camera together with at least one image acquisition means executing an image recognition algorithm.
  • at least one data processing device connected to a video camera and/or at least one microprocessor connected to at least one video camera can be used be provided, which or which executes the image recognition algorithm.
  • the image recognition algorithm With the image recognition algorithm, the individual items in the container can be identified in the captured video image. As a result, their reactions to the individual forces and/or individual moments can be monitored in real time.
  • the monitoring means can also Include devices that provide for an indirect detection of the reactions of the articles of the container to be tested to the acting individual forces and / or individual moments.
  • Such indirect monitoring can be carried out, for example, by means of devices for detecting the power consumption of the individual forces and/or individual moments on each article of the container to be tested, generating drives and/or actuators of the force application means. This corresponds to a monitoring of the course of forces and/or moments of the individual forces and/or individual moments acting on the individual articles of the container to be checked.
  • a sudden drop in the power consumption of a drive and/or actuator before the end of the test means that for a further increase in individual force and/or a further increase in individual moment, there is no or a suddenly reduced individual force and/or or no or a suddenly reduced individual torque is required, which suggests a failure of at least one bond of the article in question with one of its neighboring articles.
  • a minimum current consumption can also be specified in this case, in order to be able to conclude from the outset that the adhesive is defective if the minimum current consumption is not reached.
  • Another possibility for indirect recording is to query encoders, for example incremental encoders, which are installed in most actuators anyway to record their current status.
  • the monitoring means can include drives and/or actuators of the force application means that generate at least one individual force acting on an article of the container to be checked and/or an individual moment that acts on an article of the container to be checked.
  • This corresponds to a monitoring of the adjustment path or adjustment angle of rotation of the drives and/or actuators that generate the individual forces and/or individual moments acting on the individual items of the container to be tested, with the result that if one of the elasticity of the adhesive bonds and the one caused, for example, by a maximum feed current predetermined limit proportional to the action of individual forces and/or individual moments, a failure of at least one bond of the corresponding article exposed to the individual force and/or individual moment to one of its neighboring articles in the container to be tested is concluded.
  • the device can also include separating means, which separate a container in which at least one bond between its articles has been identified as defective from further handling, in which the separating means sort out a corresponding container, for example, or provide it by means of a label and by means of a label exclude possible identification as defective from the treatments taking place in the course of further handling.
  • the apparatus may have a controller that performs the above control of the adhesive applicators or the article orientation.
  • the separating means can be implemented, for example, by a gripper head of a palletizer, which is necessary anyway for stacking, also referred to as palletizing, to form a stack of similar packages at a stacking location, which gripper head of a palletizer feeds packages with bonds identified as properly executed to a stack arising at the stacking station and packages identified as defective Gluing leads to a collection point provided for bad items and/or bad containers away from the stacking area.
  • the individual gripping tulips also referred to as packing tulips, can be individually controllable in the directions of movement provided for testing the bonds between the items in the container and thus in the Be able to apply a test force to each individual item in a bundle.
  • the elimination means can be encompassed by the force application means.
  • the container 01 shown in whole or in part consists of a number A of articles 03 directly connected to one another by adhesives 02.
  • the articles 03 of the container 01 are arranged in a row 04 or in a line 05, or they are in two or more parallel rows 04 and/or in two or more parallel rows 05, each with two or more articles 03, regularly offset at right angles or nested to one another.
  • the articles 03 of the container 01 are therefore arranged in R rows 04 and Z rows 05, the number of articles 03 per row 04 corresponding to the number Z of rows 05 in the container 01, for example. In principle, however, rows with a different number of articles 03 can also be joined together to form a container 01 .
  • a container 01 with rows 04 and rows 05 running at right angles to one another is in 1 shown.
  • a container 01 with articles 03 arranged nested is in 2 shown.
  • the rows 04 and rows 05 run obliquely or diagonally to one another, with the rows running obliquely to the rows 04 being shown in a plan view as in FIG Fig. 2 a) shown in a V-shape, or as shown in Fig. 2 b) shown can run straight.
  • three of the junctions of the centers of three articles 03 within a right angled array form an isosceles and right triangle, particularly when the articles are substantially cylindrical.
  • three of the junctions of the centers of three articles 03 within a nested arrangement form an equilateral triangle, particularly when the articles are substantially cylindrical.
  • the adhesive bonds 02 are each formed by one, two or more adhesive dots 20 of an adhesive applied to the lateral surfaces of the articles 03 that abut in the container arrangement.
  • a bond 02 between two articles 03 can therefore be used as in Fig. 3 a) shown a, or as in Fig. 3 b) shown two or as in Fig. 3 c) shown comprise three or more adhesive dots 20 distributed, for example, along a vertical axis standing on a plane that includes the undersides 07 of the articles 03.
  • the lateral surfaces of the items do not have to touch each other over the entire surface or at all. It is sufficient if the items 03 are brought together to produce the finished container 01 and are brought together in such a way that the at least one adhesive dot applied at least to the lateral surface of an item is at least one other item touched.
  • not all articles 03 within the container 01 have to be directly connected to each other with all their neighboring articles 03.
  • an article 03 inside the container 01 can only be directly connected to one, two or three articles 03 of all of its neighboring articles 03.
  • the finished container 01 can be provided with a carrying handle 06.
  • the carrying handle 06 is applied directly to the surfaces of an article or preferably two articles.
  • the invention provides for an examination of the adhesive bonds 02 on the finished container 01.
  • a method provided for this purpose for checking the adhesive bonds 02 between the articles 03 of a container 01 consisting of articles 03 in at least one row 04 and/or at least one line 05 to form at least two articles 03 directly connected to one another by adhesive bonds 02 is characterized in that after the Completion of the container 01, the bonds 02 between at least two articles of the container are checked simultaneously and/or in rapid succession. At least the bonds 02 between the articles 03 along the periphery of the container 01 are preferably checked simultaneously and/or in quick succession.
  • the method particularly preferably provides for the bonds 02 between all the articles 03 of the container 01 to be checked simultaneously and/or in quick succession.
  • the method also provides for monitoring and evaluating the reactions of the items 03 of the container 01 to the force and/or moment effect.
  • the evaluation provides that if it is determined during the monitoring that all articles 03 of the container 01 behave in the same way, for example within limits proportional to the elasticity of the bonds 02 and the force and/or moment effect, on properly produced bonds 02 between the articles 03 of the container 01 is closed.
  • the evaluation also provides that if it is determined during the monitoring that at least two articles 03 of the container 01 behave differently, for example by exceeding the limits proportional to the elasticity of the adhesive bonds 02 and the force and/or moment effect, it is possible to conclude that the adhesive bond 02 is defective.
  • the sum of the individual forces and/or moments acting on the article 03 of the container 01 whose adhesive bonds 02 have been checked is equal to zero. Accordingly, a balancing of moments and forces of the sum of the individual forces and/or individual moments acting on the individual articles 03, the container 01 is advantageously produced.
  • the method can provide for the forces occurring when handling the container 01 to be determined experimentally and/or mathematically before testing the bonds 02 between the articles 03 of the container 01 and as individual forces causing a corresponding force and/or moment effect during the test and/or individual moments are specified in terms of the amount and preferably also the direction according to the experimental and/or computational determination. This ensures that the force and/or torque that occurs during the test is within the limits that can be endured by the adhesive bonds 02, for example when the container 01 is handled normally.
  • the direct monitoring can also be carried out directly by means of one or more contact switches and/or at least one video camera together with at least one image detection means executing an image recognition algorithm.
  • at least one data processing device connected to a video camera and/or at least one microprocessor connected to at least one video camera can be provided, which carries out the image recognition algorithm.
  • the image recognition algorithm With the image recognition algorithm, the individual articles 03 of the container 01 can be identified in the recorded video image. As a result, their reactions to the force and/or torque can be monitored in real time.
  • the reactions of the articles 03 of the container 01 to the force and/or moments can be monitored indirectly, for example by generating the individual forces and/or moments by means of at least one electric or electromagnetic drive and/or actuator for each article 03 .
  • electromagnetic actuators are used whose tensile force and/or compressive force and/or torque curve is proportional to their current consumption, the current consumption of the actuators can be monitored in order to draw conclusions about the force curve and thus the reaction of the respective article 03.
  • a sudden drop in the power consumption of one or more actuators would indicate a failure of at least one bond 02.
  • an adhesive point 20 of an adhesive bond 02 comprising a plurality of adhesive points 20 can be used to draw conclusions about a failure and thus about a poorly produced adhesive bond 02. If an adhesive point 20 of an adhesive bond 02 comprising several adhesive points 20 fails, there will be both a directly detectable reaction, for example two articles 03 connected to one another via the affected adhesive bond 02 suddenly increasing their distance from one another when an adhesive point 20 fails, and an indirect reaction detectable reaction by the failure of an adhesive point 20, the power consumption of the respective individual forces and / or individual moments on the means of the affected bond 02 interconnected Article 03 actuating drives and / or actuators initially drop, only to then rise again after this discontinuity in the further course. The same applies to alternative indirect methods, such as travel monitoring, since this can show a sudden, unsteady increase.
  • the individual forces acting as a whole on the container 01 can have individual force components at least within a plane that is parallel to the floor or installation surfaces of the articles 03 of a container 01 that typically correspond to the undersides 07 of the articles 03 and that include individual force components that are indicated by arrows Fx and arrows Fy Article 03 of the container viewed from an origin 10, for example starting from a geometric center 09 of the container 01, drive apart or pull apart, so that the bonds 02 between the articles 03 experience at least one tensile load component.
  • an imaginary result if the articles 03 put together to form the container 01 were designed to be freely movable and free of adhesions 02 to one another, this corresponds to an exploded view.
  • the individual forces acting on the articles 03 adjacent in the container 01 differ in magnitude and/or direction, so that, for example, in a row 04 or in a row 05, a first article 03 has an individual force or an individual force component resulting therefrom in a first direction and a first Article 03 of adjacent second article 03 experiences an individual force or an individual force component resulting therefrom in a direction opposite to the first direction.
  • These are preferably individual forces or individual force components resulting from them, which drive the adjacent articles 03 out of the container 01 in opposite directions normal to a plane running parallel to the bottom or contact surfaces of the articles 03 of a container 01 that correspond to the undersides 07 of the articles 03 attempt.
  • individual force components is equal to zero. If there is an odd number of articles 03, at least two individual forces acting in opposite directions or individual force components resulting from them must also differ in terms of amount in order to balance the forces. Since individual forces of the same or different amounts or individual force components resulting therefrom, which act in pairs in opposite directions, act on adjacent articles 03, the bonds between the adjacent articles each experience at least one shear stress component.
  • the individual moments acting on adjacent articles 03 in the container 01 can differ in their amount and/or direction, so that of adjacent articles 03 in a row 04 or in a line 05, for example, a first article 03 has an individual moment in a first direction and a second article 03 adjacent to the first article 03 experiences a single moment in a direction opposite to the first direction.
  • a moment compensation is thereby created in the amount according to the same individual moments, since the sum of the torques acting on the articles 03 is equal to zero.
  • at least two individual moments acting in opposite directions must also differ in terms of amount in order to generate instantaneous compensation.
  • Adjacent items 03 are subjected to the same amount or different individual moments acting in pairs in opposite directions, so that the bonds 02 between the adjacent items 03 each experience at least one shear stress component.
  • This individual moment can be determined by the vectorial sum of the remaining items 03 of the container 01 acting in 4 individual forces and/or individual moments indicated by the arrows F or Fx and Fy can be compensated.
  • at least the adhesive bonds 02 between the article 03 located at the source and the article 03 adjacent to it in the container 01 and directly connected to it by adhesive bonds 02 experience at least one shear stress component.
  • an article 03 located in the origin 10 formed, for example, by the geometric center 09 of a container 01, viewed from this origin 10 can act, for example, on the individual articles 03 of the container 01 that has been subjected to an inspection of the adhesive bonds 02 between its articles 03
  • Individual forces drive the container 01 apart or pull it apart, advantageously exposed to a single force which causes the article 03 located at the origin 10 to be normal to an underside that typically forms the floor or installation surfaces of the article 03 of the container 01 07 attempts to expel the level including article 03 from the container 01.
  • Such a single force acting alternatively or additionally on the article 03 located in the origin 10 is in 4 indicated by the arrows Fz.
  • Such a 4 indicated by the arrows Fz, acting on the item 03 located at the origin 10, can be caused by the vectorial sum of the acting on the remaining items 03 of the container 01 and in 4 individual forces indicated by arrows F are compensated, so that at least the adhesive bonds 02 of the article 03 located at the origin 10 with its adjacent articles 03 in the container 01 and directly connected to it by adhesive bonds 02 experience at least one shear stress component.
  • the adhesive bonds 02 between the articles 03 of a container 01 can be checked as in 7 shown after the completion of the container 01 and before it is stacked to form a stack of similar containers 01 at a stacking location 122.
  • the test is particularly advantageous for the test to be carried out by gripping the container 01 provided that the bonds 02 have been properly bonded to form a stack of similar containers 01 at a stacking location.
  • the container 01 is gripped by gripping all the articles 03 of the container 01 in the area of their upper sides 08 e.g. by means of gripping tulips, suction cups or the like that individually hold each item 03.
  • the force required for the test is generated from individual forces and/or moments from individual moments by pushing and/or pulling and/or rotating the articles 03 of the container 01 held in the area of their upper sides 08 and thereby subjecting them to individual forces and/or individual moments.
  • this can be done by means of a gripper head of the palletizer that is already present at a stacking location for stacking, also referred to as palletizing, to form a stack of similar containers 01, in that the individual packing bells of the gripper head can be controlled individually and thus apply a test force to each individual article 03 of a container 01 be able.
  • the method can also provide for a container 01, in which at least one bond 02 between its articles 03 has been identified as defective, to be excluded from further handling, for example, as in 6 is sorted out, indicated by an evaluation means 140 that can be controlled by means of a container 01 with correctly and improperly produced adhesive bonds 02.
  • a container 01 in which at least one bond 02 between its articles 03 has been identified as defective, with a label and to exclude it from the treatments taking place in the course of further handling and/or by identifying it as defective by means of the label sort out and/or deal with it differently.
  • a method described above can be carried out, for example, by means of an in 6 or in 7 device 100 shown for testing the bonds 02 between the articles 03 of a container 01 made up of at least one row 04 and/or at least one line 05 of at least two articles 03 directly connected to one another by bonds 02.
  • the device 100 is characterized by test means 101 which subject at least two articles 03 of the container 01 simultaneously and/or in rapid succession to the action of a force in 4 individual forces indicated by arrows F and/or a moment from in 4 expose indicated by arrows M individual moments.
  • Testing means 101 preferably subjects at least the articles 03 along the periphery of the container 01 to a force simultaneously and/or in quick succession 4 individual forces indicated by arrows F and/or a moment from in 4 individual moments indicated by arrows M.
  • Testing equipment 101 particularly preferably subjects all items 03 of container 01 to a force at the same time and/or in quick succession 4 individual forces indicated by arrows F and/or a moment from in 4 individual moments indicated by arrows M.
  • all of the bonds 02 between the articles 03 are subjected to at least a tensile load and/or a shear load, for example in the form of a tensile load component and/or a shear load component, and/or they are subjected to a moment load.
  • the test equipment 101 monitors directly or indirectly the reactions of the items 03 of the container 01 to the force and/or torque and evaluates these reactions in order to determine whether all the bonds 02 between the items 03 of the container 01 are properly made, or whether one or several bonds 02 between the articles 03 of the container 01 are defective.
  • each tulip gripper 112 of a gripping device 111 can be arranged to be driven in a movable manner along a first axis 113 and/or along an axis 114 perpendicular thereto.
  • each gripping tulip 112 of a gripping device 111 can be arranged to be driven in a movable manner along an axis 115 which is normal to a plane which includes the axis 113 and the axis 114 .
  • each gripping tulip 112 of a gripping device 111 can be arranged to be driven in a movable manner about an axis 115 standing normally on a plane including axis 113 and axis 114 ( figure 5 ).
  • the gripping device 111 with its independently driven gripping tulips 112 in at least one direction of movement provided for testing the adhesive bonds 02 between the articles 03 of a container 01, is a container of the same type designed for stacking properly bonded adhesives 02 01 to a stack provided at a stacking place gripper head 118, which is designed with a number of gripping tulips 112, which corresponds at least to the number A of articles 03 of the container 01.
  • the adhesive bonds 02 of a container 01 are checked by means of a gripper head 118 of a palletizer 119, also known as a palletizer, which is necessary in any case for stacking to form a stack of similar containers 01 at a stacking location 122, in which the individual gripper tulips 112, also known as packing bells, of the gripper head 118 can be controlled individually in the directions of movement provided for testing the bonds 02 between the articles 03 of the container 01 and can thus apply a test force to each individual article 03 of a container 01.
  • a palletizer 119 also known as a palletizer
  • the container 01 can be gripped by gripping all items 03 of the container 01 in the region of their upper sides 08 by means of gripping tulips 112 individually gripping each item 03 .
  • Testing means 101 also preferably includes monitoring means 130, which generate at least one number of output signals corresponding to the number A of articles 03 in the container 01 to be checked, each of which reflects a reaction of an article 03 of the container 01 formed by a movement and/or a change in position the effect of force and/or moment from individual forces and/or individual moments acting on the corresponding item 03 is proportional.
  • the monitoring means 130 can include sensors or devices which, through contact with the articles 03 or in a non-contact manner, directly or indirectly record their reaction to the force and/or moment effect.
  • the monitoring means 130 can comprise one or more contact switches and/or at least one video camera together with at least one image detection means executing an image recognition algorithm.
  • at least one data processing device connected to a video camera and/or at least one microprocessor connected to at least one video camera can be provided, which carries out the image recognition algorithm.
  • the image recognition algorithm With the image recognition algorithm, the individual items in the container can be identified in the captured video image. As a result, their reactions to the individual forces and/or individual moments can be monitored in real time.
  • the monitoring means 130 can comprise devices which provide for indirect detection of the reactions of the articles 03 of the container 01 to be checked to the acting individual forces and/or individual moments.
  • Such indirect monitoring can be carried out, for example, by means of devices for detecting the current consumption of the individual forces and/or individual moments generated by actuating drives and/or actuators of the force application means 110 on one item 03 of the container 01 to be tested. This corresponds to a monitoring of the course of forces and/or moments of the individual forces and/or individual moments acting on the individual articles 03 of the container 01 to be checked.
  • a sudden drop in the power consumption of an actuator and/or actuator before the end of the test means that for a further increase in individual force and/or a further increase in individual moment, there is no or a suddenly reduced individual force of an article compared to the remaining articles 03 of the container 01 and/or no or a suddenly reduced individual torque is required, which indicates a failure of at least one adhesive bond 02 or at least one adhesive point 20 of at least one adhesive bond 02 consisting of multiple adhesive points 20 of the article 03 in question to one of its neighboring articles 03 Minimum current consumption must be specified in order to be able to conclude from the outset that the adhesive bond 02 is defective if the minimum current consumption is not reached.
  • the monitoring means 130 can comprise incremental encoders installed in each of the at least one individual force acting on an article 03 of the container 01 to be checked and/or an individual moment acting on an article 03 of the container 01 to be checked.
  • the device 100 can also include separating means 144, which separate a container 01, in which at least one bond 02 between its articles 03 has been identified as defective, from further handling. This can be done by the separating means 144 sorting out a corresponding container 01, for example, or providing it with a label and excluding it as defective from the treatments taking place in the course of further handling by means of an identification possible via the label.
  • the elimination means 144 can, as in 6 represented by a diverter 141 that can be controlled by evaluation means 140, which feeds containers 01 with improperly produced adhesive bonds 02, for example, directly to a collection point 145 in the form of a collection container, for example, or to a removal conveyor belt 146 leading to a collection point 145 in the form of a collection container, for example.
  • test equipment could tear apart all items 03 of the container 01 with a force greater than the test force if the bonding 02 of two items 03 of a container 01 was recognized as defective in order to lead the items 03 back to being glued again. In between, it can be provided that old adhesive is separated from the articles 03, for example by means of a cleaning device.
  • the elimination means 144 can be used as in 7 represented by a gripper head 118 of a pate maker 119, which is required anyway for stacking, also referred to as palletizing, to form a stack of similar containers 01 at a stacking location 122, which supplies containers 01 with adhesive bonds 02 that have been identified as properly executed to a stack that is being formed at the stacking location 122, and containers 01 with adhesive bonds 02 identified as being defective, to a collection point provided for bad articles and/or defective containers away from stacking location 122, for example by the palletizer 119 delivering containers 01 with adhesive bonds 02 identified as defective directly to a collection point 145 in the form of a collection container, for example, or via a to indirectly to a collection point 145 in the form of, for example, a removal conveyor belt 146 carrying a collection container.
  • a gripper head 118 of a pate maker 119 which is required anyway for stacking, also referred to as palletizing, to form a stack of similar containers 01 at a stacking location 122, which supplies
  • the individual gripping tulips 112 also referred to as packing tulips, can be individually controllable in the directions of movement provided for testing the adhesive bonds 02 between the articles 03 of the container 01 and thus be able to apply a test force to each individual article 03 of a container 01 to bring up.
  • the elimination means 144 can be encompassed by the force application means 110 .
  • the invention can be implemented by applying a force and/or moment to the adhesive bonds 02 between the articles 03 of a container 01 consisting of articles 03 that are directly connected to one another by adhesive bonds 02 however, individual forces and/or individual moments acting on all individual articles 03 of the container 01 are applied.
  • the simplest way to do this is via a gripper head 118 of a palletizer 119 that is already present, the individual packing or gripping tulips 112 of which can be individually controlled in the directions of movement required to generate individual forces and/or moments, and thus apply a test force to each individual bond 02 between im to be checked containers 01 adjacent items 03 can apply.
  • One variant consists in applying a predetermined individual force directly via an actuating drive in the form of, for example, a linear or rotary drive, for example a servomotor, which controls the gripping tulips 112 each holding an article 03. If a certain adjustment path, which can be determined with a sensor located in the actuator, is exceeded, the adhesive bond 02 is torn and the container 01, or - if several containers 01 are gripped by the gripper head 118 at the same time and checked by applying test forces - the container position is not placed as the top stack layer on top of a stack previously erected at stacking location 122, e.g.
  • the invention is not limited to a gripper head 118 that takes care of the stacking at a stacking location 122, but can also take place in a separate module, which is upstream of a palletizer 119, for example, and on which the test forces are applied, for example via turntables via the undersides 07 of the articles 03 to a container 01 to be tested in so-called base handling, or while gripping with clamps, in particular immediately after the adhesive has hardened but still on the same hardening section.
  • the device 100 can be used as in 6 and in 7 shown comprise production means 150 for producing a container 01 from articles 03 that are directly connected to one another by adhesives 02, or be arranged downstream of such production means 150.
  • the production means 150 comprise, for example, provision means 160 for a number of article strands 30 corresponding to the number R of the rows 04 in the finished bundle 01, each consisting of a number of articles corresponding to the number of articles 03 in the individual rows 04 or in the single row 04 in the finished bundle 03, as in 6 and in 7 shown.
  • the provision means 160 can have an inlet of a number of streams of articles 31 of articles 03 that follow each other directly one after the other, corresponding to the number R of rows 04 in the finished container 01.
  • the provision means 160 can also include separating means 161 for each article stream 30, which separating means 161 separate an article string 30 with a number of articles 03 from the respective article stream 31 that corresponds to the number of articles 03 per row 04 in the finished container 01 from the respective article stream 30.
  • the separating means 161 can work, for example, according to the principle according to which the article 03 of an article string 30 to be separated from an article stream 31 is accelerated to a higher speed than that of the article stream 31, the article string 30 is separated from the article stream 31.
  • Production means 160 also includes attachment means 162 for attaching individual, selected or all items 03 of the item strand(s) 30, at least on their lateral surfaces that abut with at least one lateral surface of another article 03 in the bundle arrangement of the finished bundle 01, or on parts of them in the bundle arrangement of the finished container 01 with at least one lateral surface of a further article 03 abutting lateral surfaces with adhesive spots 20.
  • the attachment means 162 can be implemented by one or more nozzles 163, by means of which adhesive dots 20 used to produce adhesive bonds 02 can be applied, are applied or can be applied to the lateral surfaces of at least selected articles 03.
  • the one or more nozzles 163 can be implemented as one or more, in particular V-shaped double nozzles, with which a simultaneous application of two or more adhesive dots 20 to an article 03 or a maximum of one adhesive dot 20 to one of the number number of articles 03 corresponding to the nozzle outlet openings of the double nozzles is possible.
  • a nozzle 163 implemented as a double nozzle can be arranged, for example, between two article strands 30 that have not yet been brought together or between the transport paths of two article strands 30, for example from their separation from their respective original article flow 31 to their combination with one another to form a container 01 or an intermediate container, where it can simultaneously provide an article 03 of one line of articles 30 and an article 03 of the other line of articles 30, each with an adhesive dot 20.
  • a nozzle 163 implemented as a double nozzle can be positioned on the side of a line of articles 30 that has not yet been merged with another line of articles 30, or on the side of its transport path, from the separation of the line of articles 30, for example from its original stream of articles 31, to its merging with one or more other line of articles 30 a finished container 01 or an intermediate container, where they can attach an article 03 of the strand of articles 30 with two adhesive points 20, or two, arranged distributed along its vertical axis, for example extending normal to a plane running parallel to the rows 04 and rows 05 in the finished container 01 in one and the same strand of articles 30 consecutive articles 03 can each be provided with an adhesive point 20.
  • a double nozzle can also be replaced by two single nozzles 163 .
  • nozzles 163 significantly reduces the number of nozzle elements required and thereby contributes to simplifying and reducing the installation space required for production means 150 suitable for producing a package 01 described. This enables cost savings in the development, construction, assembly and operation of corresponding production means 150, the latter also because of the reduced space required for setting up the production means 150.
  • the production means 150 can also include at least one merging means 170 in order to bring the articles 03 provided with and/or without adhesive dots 20 together according to their arrangement in the finished container 01 in such a way that the articles 03 in the finished container 01 are directly connected to one another by at least one adhesive bond 02 Articles 03 a corresponding bond 02 is produced.
  • the merging means 170 then ensures that the items 03 are pressed or held together for a certain period of time until the adhesive on the bond 02 created in this way between the items 03 has cured at least in accordance with the introductory definition.
  • the time to be spent by the articles 03 in the packer or gripper head 118 is long enough, it can first be pressed together further before the test force is applied in a second step in the packer or gripper head 118 .
  • the production means 150 can comprise first and second and, if necessary, further merging means 170, in order to use first merging means 170 to first combine a first line of articles 30 forming a first row 04 in the finished container 01 and a second line of articles 30 forming a second row 04 in the finished container 01, whose Article 03 are at least partially provided with adhesive dots 20, corresponding to the arrangement of Article 03 of the first and second row 04 in the finished container 01 to form an intermediate container, then press them against each other at the adhesive points 20 and then hold them at least until the adhesive has hardened.
  • second merging means 170 can be provided in order to combine an intermediate container and at least one additional line of articles 30 that forms at least one additional row 04 in the finished container 01, the articles 03 of which - ie the articles 03 of the intermediate container and/or the at least one additional line of articles 30 - at least some of which are provided with adhesive spots 20, according to the arrangement of the articles 03 of the intermediate container and the at least one other row 04 in the finished container 01, initially to form a further intermediate container or to form the finished container 01, then to press them against one another at the adhesive spots 20 and then to hold at least until the curing of the adhesive. If a further row 04 of articles 03 is then fed into an intermediate container, the production means 150 can also include third, fourth and so on merging means 170 in order to add corresponding further rows 04 to the ever-growing intermediate container.
  • the bringing together means 170 can be designed to be movable in whole or in part along a transport direction F in order to transport an intermediate container and/or a finished container 01 in the transport direction F while the adhesive is curing.
  • the merging means 170 can comprise, for example, at least one pressing unit 171, which presses the articles 03, previously provided with adhesive spots 20, of the article strands 30 to be assembled to form a finished container 01 or an intermediate container, or an intermediate container to be assembled to form a finished container 01, and at least one other article strand 30 against one another and holds against each other at least until the adhesive has hardened.
  • a pressing unit 171 can, for example, comprise rotating clamping units 172, which can be controlled individually and independently of one another and can therefore also be moved to different positions in the transport direction T during pressing and holding.
  • the production means 150 can also have an application unit for applying a carrying handle 06 to the finished container 01.
  • a possible application unit for applying a carrying handle 06 can be arranged above the merging means 170, for example in the middle and, if necessary, can also be moved in the transport direction T.
  • the carrying handle 06 is in particular glued directly to the outer surface of two items 03 located in the container 01 .
  • the production means 150 can also include alignment means, which align at least the articles 03 provided with adhesive dots 20 in accordance with the orientation required for the production of direct connections between the articles 03 formed by adhesive bonds 02 in the finished container 01.
  • the finished containers 01 made up of articles 03 that are directly connected to one another by means of adhesives 02 are as in 6 and 7 shown preferably by means of a transport device 120 embodied as a belt conveyor 121, for example, from the production means 150 to the testing means 101 of the device 100.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de vérification des encollages (02) entre les articles (03) d'un colis (01) composé d'articles (03) reliés directement les uns aux autres par encollages (02) pour former au moins une rangée (04) et/ou au moins une ligne (05) à au moins deux articles (03), caractérisé en ce qu'une fois le colis (01) fini les encollages (02) entre les articles (03) du colis (01) sont vérifiés, les encollages (02) entre au moins deux, de préférence entre tous les articles (03) du colis (01), étant vérifiés en soumettant au moins deux, de préférence tous les articles (03) du colis (01) et/ou au moins les articles (03) se trouvant en périphérie du colis (01), en même temps et/ou rapidement l'un après l'autre à l'exercice de forces de contrôle composées de forces ponctuelles (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) et/ou à l'exercice d'un moment composé de moments ponctuels (M), les forces de contrôle étant appliquées à l'aide de moyens de contrôle sur les différents articles et les forces ponctuelles (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) et/ou moments ponctuels (M) exercés sur chacun des articles (03) du colis (01) se distinguant :
    - tous ou
    - par groupe ou
    - par paire
    dans leur somme et/ou direction, ce faisant la totalité des encollages (02) entre les articles (03) subit au moins un effort de traction et/ou une contrainte de cisaillement et/ou est soumise à une sollicitation d'un moment, les réactions des articles (03) du colis (01) à l'exercice de la force et/ou du moment étant surveillées, le contrôle étant effectué une fois que le colis (01) est réalisé et avant qu'il ne soit empilé sur un tas de colis (01) analogues à un emplacement d'empilement (122), et les moyens de contrôle (101) surveillant et analysant directement ou indirectement les réactions des articles (03) du colis (01) aux forces et/ou moments exercés pour constater si tous les encollages (02) réalisés entre les articles (03) du colis (01) sont bien corrects ou si un ou plusieurs encollages (02) réalisés entre les articles (03) du colis (01) sont défectueux.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, étant conclu que les encollages (02) entre les articles (03) du colis (01) ont été réalisés correctement, lorsqu'est constaté pendant la surveillance que tous les articles (03) du colis (1) se comportent de la même manière, et lorsqu'est constaté pendant la surveillance qu'au moins deux articles (03) du colis (01) se comportent différemment l'un de l'autre, on en conclut qu'au moins un encollage (02) réalisé est défectueux.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2:
    - les forces individuelles (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) exercées sur le colis (01) présentant au moins des composantes de force ponctuelles qui éloignent ou écartent les articles (03) du colis (01) les uns des autres, vus d'un état d'origine (09, 10), de telle sorte que les encollages (02) entre les articles (03) subissent au moins une composante d'effort de traction, et/ou
    - les forces ponctuelles (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) exercées sur les articles (03) voisins dans le colis (01) se distinguant au moins par paire dans leur somme et/ou direction, de telle sorte qu'un premier article (03) subit une force ponctuelle (F, Fz) ou une composante de force ponctuelle en résultant dans une première direction, et un deuxième article (03) voisin du premier article (03) une force ponctuelle (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) ou une composante de force ponctuelle en résultant dans une direction opposée à la première direction, lesquelles forces ponctuelles (F, Fz) ou composantes de forces ponctuelles en résultant essaient de repousser les articles (03) voisins en dehors du colis (01) dans des directions opposées, normalement sur un plan parallèle à l'envers (07) des articles (03) d'un colis (01), faisant ainsi subir à chaque encollage (02) existant entre les articles (03) voisins au moins une composante de contrainte de cisaillement, et/ou
    - les moments ponctuels (M) exercés sur les articles (03) voisins dans le colis (01) se distinguant dans leur somme et/ou direction, de telle sorte qu'un premier article (03) subit un moment ponctuel (M) dans une première direction, et un deuxième article (03) voisin du premier article (03) un moment ponctuel (M) dans une direction opposée à la première direction, de telle sorte que chaque encollage (02) existant entre les articles (03) voisins subit au moins une composante de contrainte de cisaillement.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, un article (03) qui se trouve dans l'état d'origine (09, 10) étant soumis à un moment ponctuel (M), lequel est compensé par la somme vectorielle des forces ponctuelles (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) et/ou moments ponctuels (M) exercés sur le reste des articles (03) du colis (01), de telle sorte que ce sont au moins les encollages (02) de l'article (03) se trouvant dans l'état d'origine (09, 10) avec ses articles (03) voisins dans le colis (01) et qui sont directement reliés à lui par encollages (02), qui subissent au moins une composante de contrainte de cisaillement, et/ou un article (03) se trouvant en l'état d'origine (09, 10) est soumis à une force ponctuelle (F, Fz) qui essaie de repousser l'article (03) se trouvant en l'état d'origine (09, 10), en dehors du colis (01) normalement sur un plan parallèle à l'envers (07) des articles (03) d'un colis (01), ladite force ponctuelle (F, Fz) étant compensée par la somme vectorielle des forces ponctuelles (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) exercées sur le reste des articles du colis (01), de telle sorte qu'au moins les encollages (02) de l'article (03) se trouvant dans l'état d'origine (09, 10) avec ses articles (03) voisins dans le colis (01) et directement reliés à lui par encollages (02) subissent au moins une composante de contrainte de cisaillement.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, la vérification s'effectuant, si les encollages (02) réalisés sont corrects, en saisissant comme prévu le colis (01) pour l'empiler sur un tas de colis (01) analogues à un emplacement d'empilement (122), le colis (01) étant saisi en ce que tous les articles (03) du colis (01) sont pris au niveau de leurs parties supérieures (08, 11), et à titre de contrôle les articles (03) du colis (01) étant chacun soumis, par leur préhension, à des forces ponctuelles (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) et/ou moments ponctuels (M).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, un colis (1) dont au moins un des encollages (02) réalisés entre ses articles (03) a été identifié comme défectueux, étant exclu de la suite des opérations.
  7. Dispositif (100) de vérification des encollages (02) entre les articles (03) d'un colis (01) composé d'articles (03) reliés directement les uns aux autres par encollages (02) en au moins une rangée (04) et/ou au moins une ligne (05) d'au moins deux articles (03), caractérisé par des moyens de contrôle (101), lesquels soumettent au moins deux, de préférence tous les articles (03) d'un colis (01) et/ou au moins les articles (03) situés en périphérie du colis (01), et ce au même moment et/ou rapidement l'un après l'autre, à l'exercice de forces de contrôle composées de forces ponctuelles (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) et/ou à l'exercice de moments ponctuels (M), les forces de contrôle étant appliquées sur les différents articles par les moyens de contrôle, tous les encollages (02) existant entre les articles (03) subissant au moins un effort de traction et/ou une contrainte de cisaillement et/ou étant soumis à la sollicitation d'un moment, et les moyens de contrôle (101) surveillant et analysant directement ou indirectement les réactions des articles (03) du colis (01) aux forces et/ou moments exercés pour constater si tous les encollages (02) réalisés entre les articles (03) du colis (01) sont bien corrects ou si un ou plusieurs encollages (02) réalisés entre les articles (03) du colis (01) sont défectueux, le contrôle étant effectué une fois que le colis (01) est réalisé et avant qu'il ne soit empilé sur un tas de colis (01) analogues à un emplacement d'empilement (122).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, les moyens de contrôle (101) comprenant des moyens d'application de force (110) qui se saisissent de chaque article (03) d'un colis (01) et les soumettent à l'application d'une force composée des forces ponctuelles (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) exercées en même temps sur chaque article (03) du colis (01) et/ou à l'application d'un moment composé des moments ponctuels (M) exercés en même temps sur chaque article (03) du colis (01), les forces ponctuelles (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) et/ou les moments ponctuels (M) exercés sur chacun des articles (03) du colis (01) se distinguant :
    - tous ou
    - par groupe ou
    - par paire
    dans leur somme et/ou leur direction.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, les moyens d'exercice de force (110) comprenant un dispositif de préhension (111) doté d'un nombre de tulipes de préhension (112) correspondant au moins au nombre d'articles (03) dans le colis (01), chacune desdites tulipes étant en mesure de saisir un article (03) d'un colis (01) composé d'articles (03) reliés les uns aux autres par encollages (02) et étant agencée mobile les unes par rapport aux autres, entraînée dans au moins une direction de déplacement pour appliquer une force de contrôle, s'agissant en ce qui concerne au moins une des directions de déplacement, de :
    - deux directions linéaires indépendantes l'une de l'autre, au sein d'un plan parallèle à l'envers (07) des articles (03) et/ou
    - une troisième direction linéaire indépendante sortant du plan, et/ou
    - au moins une direction rotative autour de l'axe vertical dressé normalement à la verticale du plan.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, le dispositif de préhension (111) étant réalisé sous la forme d'une tête de préhension (118) dédiée à l'empilage en un tas, sur un emplacement d'empilement (122), de colis (01) analogues réalisés par des encollages (02) corrects, et doté d'un nombre de tulipes de préhension (118), agencées entraînées mobiles et indépendantes les unes des autres dans respectivement au moins une direction de déplacement prévue pour vérifier les encollages (02) entre les articles (03) du colis (01), lequel nombre correspond au moins au nombre d'articles (03) du colis (01).
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, 8, 9 ou 10, les moyens de contrôle (101) comprenant des moyens de surveillance (130) qui émettent au moins un nombre de signaux correspondant au nombre d'articles (03) contenus dans le colis (01) à vérifier, chacun d'entr'eux étant proportionnel à une réaction, sous la forme d'un mouvement et/ou d'un changement de position, d'un article (03) du colis (01) provoquée par l'exercice d'une force et/ou d'un moment composés des forces ponctuelles (F, Fx, Fy, Fz) et/ou moments ponctuels (M) exercés sur les articles (03) correspondants.
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, les moyens de surveillance (130) comprenant des capteurs ou dispositifs qui détectent directement ou indirectement, au contact des articles (03) ou sans contact, leur réaction à la force ou au moment appliqué.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 11 ou 12, les moyens de contrôle (101) comprenant des moyens d'analyse (140) reliés aux moyens de surveillance (130), les moyens d'analyse (140) recevant et analysant les signaux émis par les moyens de surveillance (130) et au moins:
    - émettent un premier signal de contrôle affichant les encollages (02) réalisés correctement entre les articles (03) surveillés s'il s'avère d'une analyse des signaux émis que tous les articles (03) d'un colis (01) se comportent de la même manière, et
    - émettent un deuxième signal de contrôle affichant les encollages (02) défectueux réalisés entre les articles (03) surveillés s'il s'avère d'une analyse des signaux émis qu'au moins deux articles (03) d'un colis (01) ne se comportent pas de la même manière.
EP13195347.3A 2013-12-02 2013-12-02 Procédé et dispositif de contrôle des collages entre des articles d'une gerbe Active EP2878544B2 (fr)

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DE102019119101A1 (de) * 2019-07-15 2021-01-21 Krones Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Gebinden mit mehreren unterschiedlichen Getränkebehältern

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DE2331193A1 (de) 1973-06-19 1975-01-16 Coors Co Adolph Grifflose, tragbare einheit aus einer anzahl von behaeltern
DE3816856A1 (de) 1988-05-18 1989-11-30 Focke & Co Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pruefen von karton-packungen
AUPR003000A0 (en) 2000-09-11 2000-10-05 Tna Australia Pty Limited A bag testing machine
DE20306140U1 (de) 2003-04-16 2003-06-18 Pohl, Heinrich Robert, 50769 Köln Getränkebehälter und Anordnung von Getränkebehältern
US7048817B1 (en) 2003-09-12 2006-05-23 Hammond Ronald J Method of making a composite carton
DE102007039850B4 (de) 2007-08-23 2016-09-15 Khs Gmbh Packerkopf
DE102009044271A1 (de) 2009-10-16 2011-04-28 Krones Ag Gebinde aus mehreren Behältern und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Gebindes
DE202010009972U1 (de) 2010-07-02 2010-10-14 Fifl Gmbh Kolliprüfeinrichtung KPE
US20120213956A1 (en) * 2011-02-23 2012-08-23 Adherent Laboratories, Inc. Fugitive adhesive and method
DE102011107265B4 (de) 2011-07-06 2023-06-01 Khs Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gebinden
DE102011106759C5 (de) 2011-07-05 2017-02-09 Khs Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gebinden
DE102011119964B3 (de) 2011-12-02 2013-01-17 Khs Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bildung von Verpackungseinheiten
DE102011119966B3 (de) 2011-12-02 2012-11-22 Khs Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Bildung von Verpackungseinheiten

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