EP2871328B1 - Variable nozzle turbocharger with means to reduce accumulation of soot - Google Patents

Variable nozzle turbocharger with means to reduce accumulation of soot Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2871328B1
EP2871328B1 EP14192318.5A EP14192318A EP2871328B1 EP 2871328 B1 EP2871328 B1 EP 2871328B1 EP 14192318 A EP14192318 A EP 14192318A EP 2871328 B1 EP2871328 B1 EP 2871328B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unison ring
projections
facing surface
main plate
circumferential direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14192318.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2871328A1 (en
Inventor
Hiroaki Ikegami
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
Publication of EP2871328A1 publication Critical patent/EP2871328A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2871328B1 publication Critical patent/EP2871328B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
    • F01D17/165—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for radial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially parallel to the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a variable nozzle turbocharger.
  • JP 2010-180864 A describes a variable nozzle turbocharger including a variable nozzle provided in an exhaust passage for blowing exhaust gas to a turbine wheel and configured such that its opening degree is changed so as to adjust a flow speed of the exhaust gas.
  • a change operation of the opening degree of the variable nozzle is performed by rotation (circumferential displacement) of a unison ring aligned with a main plate provided in the exhaust passage, in a thickness direction of the main plate.
  • variable nozzle turbocharger In the variable nozzle turbocharger, the unison ring and the main plate are exposed to the exhaust gas. Because of this, foreign substances such as soot included in the exhaust gas may be accumulated between the unison ring and the main plate. The foreign substances thus accumulated disturb the circumferential displacement of the unison ring, thereby resulting in that an appropriate operation of the variable nozzle may be disturbed by the foreign substances.
  • the US 2002/0098081 A1 discloses a turbocharger comprising a guide plate carrier plate and an adjusting ring for adjusting guide blades by circumferential displacement of the adjusting ring.
  • the carrier plate has a recess for receiving the adjusting ring and the adjusting ring comprises on his face side facing the carrier plate projecting noses, which guide the adjusting ring radially in the recess.
  • the present invention is defined in claim 1 and provides a variable nozzle turbocharger that is able to restrain that an appropriate operation of a variable nozzle is disturbed by foreign substances accumulated between a unison ring and a main plate.
  • a variable nozzle turbocharger is a variable nozzle turbocharger for changing a flow speed of exhaust gas to be blown to a turbine wheel and characterized by including a main plate, a unison ring, and variable nozzles.
  • the unison ring is aligned with the main plate in a thickness direction of the main plate.
  • the variable nozzles are configured such that their opening degrees are changed along with rotation of the unison ring.
  • a first facing surface of the unison ring is opposed to a second facing surface of the main plate via a gap, and the first facing surface is provided with a plurality of first projections projecting toward the second facing surface and placed at intervals along a circumferential direction of the unison ring.
  • the first facing surface includes a plurality of first recessed portions placed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the unison ring, and the plurality of first projections and the plurality of first recessed portions is alternately arranged on the first facing surface along with the circumferential direction of the unison ring.
  • the second facing surface includes a plurality of second recessed portions placed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the unison ring
  • the second facing surface includes a plurality of second recessed portions placed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the unison ring, and includes a plurality of second projections placed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the unison ring, the plurality of second projections and the plurality of second recessed portions is alternately arranged on the second facing surface along with the circumferential direction of the unison ring, the plurality of first projections provided on the first facing surface is inserted into the plurality of second recessed portions, and the plurality of second projections is inserted into the plurality of first recessed portions.
  • the foreign substances attached to the gap between the first facing surface and the second facing surface of the unison ring and the main plate can be scraped out from the gap by the first projections provided on the first facing surface and the second projections provided on the second facing surface, along with the circumferential displacement of the unison ring.
  • the number and position of the plurality of first projections may be set such that the first projections is displaced over the whole circumferential direction of the unison ring in the gap between the first facing surface and the second facing surface, through the circumferential displacement of the unison ring over a whole displacement range of the unison ring to operate the variable nozzles.
  • the unison ring is displaced in the circumferential direction over the whole displacement range to operate the variable nozzles, the foreign substances attached to the gap between the first facing surface and the second facing surface can be scraped out from the gap by the projections.
  • the number and position of the plurality of first projections may be set such that the plurality of first projections and the plurality of second projections are displaced over the whole circumferential direction of the unison ring in the gap between the first facing surface and the second facing surface, through the circumferential displacement of the unison ring over the whole displacement range of the unison ring to operate the variable nozzles.
  • variable nozzle turbocharger an upstream portion of an intake path 2 and a downstream portion of an exhaust pipe 3 in an engine 1 are connected to a variable nozzle turbocharger 4.
  • the turbocharger 4 includes a compressor wheel 5 and a turbine wheel 6.
  • the compressor wheel 5 sends air to a downstream side of the intake path 2.
  • the turbine wheel 6 is rotated based on blowing of exhaust gas passing through the exhaust pipe 3.
  • the compressor wheel 5 is rotated integrally with the turbine wheel 6, thereby increasing an air intake amount of the engine 1 and improving an output of the engine 1.
  • a variable nozzle unit 7 is attached onto an exhaust passage 8 for blowing exhaust gas to the turbine wheel 6.
  • the variable nozzle unit 7 is driven by an actuator 9 so as to increase and decrease an exhaust-gas flow area of the exhaust passage 8.
  • a flow speed of the exhaust gas to be blown to the turbine wheel 6 is variable. Since the flow speed of the exhaust gas to be blown to the turbine wheel 6 is variable as such, a rotation speed of the turbocharger 4 is changed, such that a boost pressure (intake pressure) of the engine 1 is adjusted.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a detailed structure of the variable nozzle unit 7.
  • the variable nozzle unit 7 is configured such that a plurality of variable nozzles 11 is assembled to a ring-shaped main plate 10 at regular intervals in a circumferential direction of the main plate 10.
  • the variable nozzles 11 each include a nozzle pin 23, a nozzle vane 24 (illustrated in a broken line), and an arm 25.
  • the nozzle pin 23 penetrates through the main plate 10 in a thickness direction thereof (a direction perpendicular to a plane of paper).
  • the nozzle vane 24 is fixed to one end of the nozzle pin 23.
  • the arm 25 is fixed to the other end of the nozzle pin 23.
  • a plateshaped unison ring 12 placed on the same axis as a center line of the main plate 10 and aligned with the main plate 10 in the thickness direction is assembled to the variable nozzle unit 7.
  • the unison ring 12 is displaceable relative to the main plate 10 around the axis (in a circumferential direction).
  • On an inner peripheral surface of the unison ring 12 a plurality of accommodation portions 26 into which respective ends of the arms 25 of the variable nozzles 11 are inserted is placed at regular intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • a notch portion 16 into which an engagement pin 18 for engaging the actuator 9 (see FIG. 1 ) with the unison ring 12 is inserted is also formed on the inner peripheral surface of the unison ring 12.
  • the unison ring 12 When a driving force of the actuator 9 is applied to the unison ring 12 via the engagement pin 18, the unison ring 12 is rotated (displaced in the circumferential direction). As a result, the arms 25 of the variable nozzles 11 are pushed by the unison ring 12 so as to pivot the nozzle pins 23 around their axes, and along with the pivoting of the nozzle pins 23, the nozzle vanes 24 pivot around the nozzle pins 23 at the same time and in the same direction.
  • the nozzle vanes 24 (the variable nozzles 11) perform an opening-closing operation based on such pivoting of the nozzle vanes 24.
  • a size of a gap between adjacent nozzle vanes 24, that is, the exhaust-gas flow area of the exhaust passage 8 ( FIG. 1 ) for blowing exhaust gas to the turbine wheel 6 is changed. Due to the change of the exhaust-gas flow area of the exhaust passage 8, the flow speed of the exhaust gas to be blown to the turbine wheel 6 is variable.
  • a notch portion 17 into which a stopper 19 fixed to the main plate 10 is inserted is also formed on the inner peripheral surface of the unison ring 12 illustrated in FIG. 2 . Due to the notch portion 17 and the stopper 19, the circumferential displacement of the unison ring 12 is regulated within a predetermined range.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an attachment state of the variable nozzle unit 7 on the exhaust passage 8 of the turbocharger 4.
  • the nozzle vanes 24 of the variable nozzles 11 are sandwiched between the main plate 10 of the variable nozzle unit 7 and a side plate 27 aligned therewith in the thickness direction of the main plate 10 (a right-left direction in the view).
  • a distance between the main plate 10 and the side plate 27 is maintained, by a plurality of spacer pins 30 (only one spacer pin 30 is illustrated in FIG. 3 ) fixed therebetween, to a distance where the nozzle vanes 24 can be provided between the main plate 10 and the side plate 27.
  • the unison ring 12 of the variable nozzle unit 7 is placed on that side of the main plate 10 which is opposite to the side plate 27.
  • variable nozzle unit 7 Since the variable nozzle unit 7 is provided on the exhaust passage 8 of the turbocharger 4, the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10 are exposed to the exhaust gas. Because of this, foreign substances such as soot included in the exhaust gas may be accumulated between the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10, which may result in that the foreign substances disturb an appropriate operation of the variable nozzles 11.
  • the following describes a structure to deal with such a problem, more specifically.
  • a gap is formed between that first facing surface F1 of the unison ring 12 which is opposed to the main plate 10 and that second facing surface F2 of the main plate 10 which is opposed to the unison ring 12. That is, the facing surface F1 of the unison ring 12 is opposed to the facing surface F2 of main plate 10 via the gap.
  • the gap makes it difficult for the foreign substances to be accumulated between the facing surfaces F1, F2. That is, since a relatively large gap can be secured between the main plate 10 and the unison ring 12, even if foreign substances enter into the gap, the foreign substances are hard to be accumulated therein.
  • projections 41 that project from one surface F1 out of the facing surfaces F1, F2, toward the other surface F2 out of the facing surfaces F1, F2 are provided in the gap. More specifically, a plurality of recessed portions 42 is formed on that surface F1 which is one of the facing surfaces F1, F2 and is provided closer to the unison ring 12, at given intervals in the circumferential direction of the unison ring 12. The projections 41 are provided between the plurality of recessed portions 42 on the surface F1.
  • the number and position of the projections 41 are set such that the projections 41 are displaced over the whole circumferential direction in the gap between the facing surfaces F1, F2 of the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10, through the displacement of the unison ring 12 over a whole displacement range in the circumferential direction to operate the variable nozzles 11 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the accommodation portions 26 into which the respective ends of the arms 25 of the variable nozzles 11 are inserted are formed in positions corresponding to the projections 41 thus set.
  • variable nozzle turbocharger 4 when the unison ring 12 is displaced in the circumferential direction to operate the variable nozzles 11, the foreign substances such as soot attached to the gap between the facing surfaces F1, F2 of the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10 are scraped out from the gap by the projections 41 that project from the one surface F1 out of the facing surfaces F1, F2 toward the other surface F2 out of the facing surfaces F1, F2. That is, when the projections 41 are displaced in the circumferential direction integrally with the unison ring 12, the foreign substances attached to the gap between the facing surfaces F1, F2 are pushed by the projections 41, such that the foreign substances are discharged (scraped) out of the gap.
  • the turbocharger 4 when the unison ring 12 is displaced in the circumferential direction to operate the variable nozzles 11, the foreign substances such as soot attached to the gap between the facing surfaces F1, F2 of the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10 are scraped out from the gap by the projections 41 that project from the one surface F1 out of the facing surfaces F1, F2 toward the other surface F2 out of the facing surfaces F1, F2. Accordingly, it is possible to restrain accumulation of the foreign substances between the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10, thereby making it possible to restrain such a problem that an appropriate operation of the variable nozzles 11 is disturbed by the foreign substances.
  • the projections 41 are provided between the plurality of recessed portions 42 formed on the one surface F1 out of the facing surfaces F1, F2 of the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10, at given intervals in the circumferential direction of the unison ring 12. In view of this, when the unison ring 12 is displaced in the circumferential direction, the foreign substances attached to the gap between the facing surfaces F1, F2 can be effectively scraped out from the gap by the plurality of projections 41 provided between the facing surfaces F1, F2.
  • the number and position of the projections 41 are set such that the projections 41 are displaced over the whole circumferential direction in the gap between the facing surfaces F1, F2 of the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10, through the displacement of the unison ring 12 over the whole displacement range in the circumferential direction to operate the variable nozzles 11. Accordingly, when the unison ring 12 is displaced over the whole displacement range in the circumferential direction, the foreign substances attached to the gap between the facing surfaces F1, F2 can be more surely scraped out from the gap by the projections 41.
  • the above example can be modified as follows, for example.
  • the number and position of the projections 41 are set such that the projections 41 are displaced over the whole circumferential direction in the gap between the facing surfaces F1, F2 of the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10, through the displacement of the unison ring 12 over the whole displacement range in the circumferential direction.
  • the number and position of the projections 41 may not necessarily be set in this way.
  • the one surface F1 out of the facing surfaces F1, F2 may be set on the main plate 10, and the other surface F2 out of the facing surfaces F1, F2 may be set on the unison ring 12. In this case, the projections 41 project from the surface F1 of the main plate 10 toward the surface F2 of the unison ring 12.
  • the recessed portions 42 are formed on the one surface F1 out of the facing surfaces F1, F2 of the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10, but also a plurality of recessed portions 43 may be formed on the other surface F2 at given intervals in the circumferential direction of the unison ring 12, such that the recessed portions 43 are opposed to the recessed portions 42.
  • the distance between the facing surfaces F1, F2 of the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10 is increased due to the recessed portions 42, 43 opposed to each other as such, such that the gap between the facing surfaces F1, F2 can be widened, thereby resulting in that the foreign substances are hard to be accumulated in the gap.
  • plurality of recessed portions 43 is formed on the other surface F2 out of the facing surfaces F1, F2 of the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10, and projections 44 are provided between the recessed portions 43. Then, the projections 41 formed on the one surface F1 may be inserted into the recessed portions 43 formed on the other surface F2, and the projections 44 formed on the other surface F2 may be inserted into the recessed portions 42 formed on the one surface F1.
  • the foreign substances attached to the gap between the facing surface F1, F2 of the unison ring 12 and the main plate 10 can be scraped out from the gap by the projections 41 formed on the one surface F1 and the projections 44 formed on the other surface F2, along with the circumferential displacement of the unison ring 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
EP14192318.5A 2013-11-11 2014-11-07 Variable nozzle turbocharger with means to reduce accumulation of soot Active EP2871328B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013233360A JP5924329B2 (ja) 2013-11-11 2013-11-11 可変ノズルターボチャージャ

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2871328A1 EP2871328A1 (en) 2015-05-13
EP2871328B1 true EP2871328B1 (en) 2021-05-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14192318.5A Active EP2871328B1 (en) 2013-11-11 2014-11-07 Variable nozzle turbocharger with means to reduce accumulation of soot

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EP (1) EP2871328B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP5924329B2 (ja)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016135846A1 (ja) * 2015-02-24 2016-09-01 三菱重工業株式会社 可変ノズル機構及び可変容量型排気ターボ過給機
DE102015005054A1 (de) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Strömungsmaschine

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0350242Y2 (ja) * 1985-12-25 1991-10-28
JPH1037754A (ja) * 1996-07-24 1998-02-10 Toyota Motor Corp 可変ノズルターボチャージャ
DE10104176A1 (de) * 2001-01-24 2002-07-25 Mahle Gmbh Leitschaufelverstelleinrichtung für einen Turbolader
JP2006132444A (ja) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-25 Toyota Motor Corp 過給圧可変式ターボチャージャ
US20110182717A1 (en) * 2006-03-30 2011-07-28 Borgwarner Inc. Turbocharger
JP2009257090A (ja) * 2008-04-11 2009-11-05 Toyota Motor Corp 可変容量型ターボチャージャ
JP2010180864A (ja) 2009-02-09 2010-08-19 Toyota Motor Corp 可変ノズルユニット
DE102009008531A1 (de) * 2009-02-11 2010-08-12 Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Verstellring für eine Ladeeinrichtung, insbesondere für einen Abgasturbolader eines Kraftfahrzeugs
JP5071421B2 (ja) * 2009-03-24 2012-11-14 トヨタ自動車株式会社 可変ノズルターボチャージャ
US9017017B2 (en) * 2009-04-10 2015-04-28 Honeywell Internatonal Inc. Variable-vane assembly having fixed guide pins for unison ring
JP5605218B2 (ja) * 2010-12-28 2014-10-15 トヨタ自動車株式会社 駆動リングの製造方法、駆動リング、および駆動リングを用いた可変ノズル機構

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
JP5924329B2 (ja) 2016-05-25
EP2871328A1 (en) 2015-05-13
JP2015094266A (ja) 2015-05-18

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