EP2866973B1 - Bonded abrasive body and method of forming same - Google Patents

Bonded abrasive body and method of forming same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2866973B1
EP2866973B1 EP13810853.5A EP13810853A EP2866973B1 EP 2866973 B1 EP2866973 B1 EP 2866973B1 EP 13810853 A EP13810853 A EP 13810853A EP 2866973 B1 EP2866973 B1 EP 2866973B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxide
mixture
abrasive
amount
bond material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13810853.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2866973A1 (en
EP2866973A4 (en
Inventor
Sophie Papin
Cécile JOUSSEAUME
Nilanjan Sarangi
Sandhya Jayaraman Rukmani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Abrasifs SA
Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Abrasifs SA
Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Abrasifs SA, Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc filed Critical Saint Gobain Abrasifs SA
Publication of EP2866973A1 publication Critical patent/EP2866973A1/en
Publication of EP2866973A4 publication Critical patent/EP2866973A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2866973B1 publication Critical patent/EP2866973B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings

Definitions

  • the following is directed to a bonded abrasive body, and particularly, a bonded abrasive body having a vitreous bond suitable for use with microcrystalline alumina abrasive particles.
  • Abrasive tools are generally formed to have abrasive grains contained within a bond material for material removal applications.
  • Superabrasive grains e.g., diamond or cubic boron nitride (CBN)
  • CBN cubic boron nitride
  • MCA microcrystalline alpha-alumina
  • the bond material can be organic materials, such as a resin, or an inorganic material, such as a glass or vitrified material.
  • bonded abrasive tools using a vitrified bond material and containing MCA grains or superabrasive grain are commercially useful for grinding.
  • Certain bonded abrasive tools particularly those utilizing a vitrified bond material, require high temperature forming processes, oftentimes on the order of 1100°C or greater, which can have deleterious effects on abrasive grains of MCA.
  • the bond material can react with the abrasive grains, particularly MCA grains, and damage the integrity of the abrasives, reducing the grain sharpness and performance properties.
  • the industry has migrated toward reducing the formation temperatures necessary to form the bond material in order to curb the high temperature degradation of the abrasive grains during the forming process.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,543,107 discloses a bond composition suitable for firing at a temperature as low as about 900° C.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,898,597 discloses a bond composition comprising at least 40% fritted materials suitable for firing at a temperature as low as about 900°C.
  • Other such bonded abrasive articles utilizing bond materials capable of forming at temperatures near 1000°C include U.S. Pat. No. 5,203,886 , U.S. Pat. No. 5,401,284 , U.S. Pat. No. 5,536,283 , and U.S. Pat. No. 6,702,867 .
  • US 5,863,308 describes a vitrified bond composition for forming a vitreous-bonded abrasive tool, wherein the vitreous bond after firing may include less than about 0.5 mole % of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of TiO 2 , ZnO, ZrO 2 , CaO, MgO, CoO, MnO 2 , BaO, Bi 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 and Fe 2 O 3 and combinations thereof. Still, the industry continues to demand improved performance of such bonded abrasive articles.
  • an abrasive article includes a bonded abrasive body comprising abrasive particles contained within a bond material, the bond material comprising a vitreous material formed from a mixture including aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ), and boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ), wherein the mixture comprises an amount (wt%) of aluminum oxide less than an amount (wt%) of bismuth oxide and the amount (wt%) of aluminum oxide is less than an amount (wt%) of boron oxide.
  • the mixture comprises at least 10 wt% bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ), and the bond material includes a single phase vitreous material.
  • bonded abrasive articles which may be suitable for grinding and shaping of workpieces.
  • the bonded abrasive articles of embodiments herein can incorporate abrasive particles within a bond material.
  • Suitable applications for use of the bonded abrasive articles of the embodiments herein include grinding operations including for example, centerless grinding, cylindrical grinding, crankshaft grinding, various surface grinding operations, bearing and gear grinding operations, creepfeed grinding, and various toolroom applications.
  • the method of forming a bonded abrasive article of an embodiment can be initiated by forming a mixture of suitable compounds and components to form a bond material.
  • the bond material of the embodiments herein can be formed of compounds of inorganic material, such as oxide compounds.
  • one suitable oxide material can include silicon dioxide (SiO 2 or silica).
  • the bond material can be formed from not greater than about 30 wt% silicon dioxide for the total weight of the bond material. In other embodiments, the content of silicon dioxide can be less, such as not greater than about 26 wt%, not greater than about 24 wt%, not greater than about 22 wt%, or even not greater than about 20 wt%.
  • the bond material may be formed from at least about 2 wt% silicon dioxide, such as on the order of at least about 4 wt%, at least about 6 wt%, att least about 8 wt%, at least about 9 wt%, or even at least about 10 wt% silicon dioxide for the total weight of the bond material. It will be appreciated that the amount of silicon dioxide can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages noted above.
  • the bond material can also incorporate a certain content of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ).
  • the bond material can include at least about 0.2 wt% aluminum oxide for the total weight of the bond material.
  • the amount of aluminum oxide can be at least about 0.4 wt%, at least about 0.6 wt%, at least about 0.8 wt%, at least about 0.9 wt%, or even at least about 1 wt%.
  • the bond material may include an amount of aluminum oxide that is not greater than about 10 wt%, not greater than about 8 wt%, not greater than about 6 wt%, not greater than about 4 wt%, or even not greater than about 3 wt% for the total weight of the bond. It will be appreciated that the amount of aluminum oxide can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages noted above.
  • the mixture used to form the bond material can include a particular amount of silicon dioxide (i.e., silica), as measured in weight percent, as compared to the amount of aluminum oxide as measured in weight percent.
  • the mixture can include a greater content of silicon dioxide as compared to the amount of alumina.
  • the mixture can include a particular ratio (SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ) between the amount of silicon dioxide, as measured in weight percent, versus the amount of aluminum oxide, as measured in weight percent.
  • the ratio of silicon dioxide to alumina can be described by dividing the weight percent of silicon dioxide by the weight percent of aluminum oxide within the bond material.
  • the ratio of silicon dioxide to aluminum oxide in the mixture can be not greater than about 28. In other instances, the ratio of silicon dioxide to aluminum oxide can be not greater than about 26, not greater than about 24, not greater than about 22, not greater than about 20, not greater than about 18, or even not greater than about 16. Still, the mixture can be formed such that the ratio of weight percent of silicon dioxide to the weight percent of aluminum oxide can be at least about 1.2, at least about 1.5, at least about 2 at least about 2.4, at least about 2.6, at least about 3, or even at least about 3.2. It will be appreciated that the ratio of silicon dioxide to aluminum oxide can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • the mixture can include a greater amount of silicon dioxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of other materials (wt%), such as zinc oxide and aluminum oxide. Additionally, the mixture may be formed such that silicon dioxide is present in a minor amount, such that the mixture contains a lesser amount of silicon dioxide (wt%) as compared to other materials such as alkaline earth oxides, alkali oxides, or zinc oxide. In one particular embodiment, the mixture can include a lesser amount of silicon dioxide as compared to bismuth oxide, boron oxide, or barium oxide.
  • the mixture, and thus the bond material can be formed from a certain amount of boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ) (wt%).
  • the bond material can incorporate not greater than about 35 wt% boron oxide for the total weight of the bond material.
  • the amount of boron oxide can be less, such as not greater than about 32 wt%, not greater than about 30 wt%, not greater than about 28 wt%, not greater than about 26 wt%, or even not greater than about 24 wt%.
  • the mixture can include at least about 10 wt%, such as at least about 12 wt%, at least about 14 wt%, or even at least about 15 wt%, at least about 16 wt%, at least about 18 wt%, or even at least about 20 wt% boron oxide for the total weight of the bond material. It will be appreciated that the amount of boron oxide in the mixture can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages noted above.
  • the mixture can include a certain content of boron oxide with respect to the content of silicon dioxide.
  • the mixture may include a greater content of boron oxide, as measured in weight percent of the total weight of the mixture, as compared to the amount of silicon dioxide, measured in weight percent.
  • the mixture may contain a greater content of silicon dioxide as compared to the amount of boron oxide.
  • the mixture can include boron oxide and silicon dioxide in a particular ratio (B 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ) of at least about 0.5.
  • the ratio of boron oxide to silicon dioxide can be at least about 0.6, such as at least about 0.7 at least about 0.8, at least about 0.9, at least about 1, or even at least about 1.1. Still, according to one embodiment, the mixture can have a ratio of boron oxide to silicon dioxide of not greater than about 10, such as not greater than about 9, not greater than about 8, not greater than about 7, not greater than about 6, not greater than about 5, not greater than about 4, not greater than about 3, not greater than about 2.8, or even not greater than about 2.5. It will be appreciated that the ratio of boron oxide to silicon dioxide can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • the mixture can contain a greater amount of boron oxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of aluminum oxide (wt%).
  • the mixture may include boron oxide and aluminum oxide in a particular ratio (B 2 O 3 /Al 2 O 3 ).
  • the ratio of boron oxide to aluminum oxide can be at least about 3, such as at least about 4, at least about 5, at least about 5.5, or even at least about 6.
  • the ratio of bismuth oxide to aluminum oxide can be not greater than about 30, such as not greater than about 26, not greater than about 24, not greater than about 22, or even not greater than about 20. It will be appreciated that the ratio of boron oxide to aluminum oxide can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • the mixture can be formed to include other components, such as bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ), barium oxide (BaO), zinc oxide (ZnO) and others.
  • the amount of boron oxide (wt%) can be less than an amount of barium oxide (wt%) in the mixture.
  • the mixture may include a greater amount of boron oxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of zinc oxide (wt%).
  • the mixture can have a greater amount of boron oxide (wt%) as compared to the amount of bismuth oxide (wt%) in the mixture.
  • the mixture may contain a particular content of bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ).
  • the mixture may contain at least about 10 wt% bismuth oxide for the total weight of the mixture.
  • the amount of bismuth oxide can be greater, such as at least about 12 wt%, at least about 14 wt%, or even at least about 15 wt%.
  • the mixture can contain not greater than about 30 wt%, such as not greater than about 28 wt%, not greater than about 26 wt%, not greater than about 24 wt%, not greater than about 22 wt%, not greater than about 20 wt%, or even not greater than about 18 wt% bismuth oxide for the total weight of the mixture. It will be appreciated that the amount of bismuth oxide in the mixture can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages noted above.
  • the mixture can contain bismuth oxide and aluminum oxide in a particular ratio (Bi 2 O 3 /Al 2 O 3 ).
  • the ratio of bismuth oxide to aluminum oxide can be at least about 1.2, such as at least about 2, at least about 3, at least about 4, at least about 4.5, at least about 5, or even at least about 5.5.
  • the ratio of bismuth oxide to aluminum oxide can be not greater than about 20, not greater than about 19, not greater than about 18, not greater than about 17, not greater than about 16, or even not greater than about 15. It will be appreciated that the ratio of bismuth oxide to aluminum oxide can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • a mixture of at least one embodiment can have a particular ratio between bismuth oxide and silicon dioxide (Bi 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ).
  • the ratio of bismuth oxide and silicon dioxide can be at least about 0.5, at least about 0.6, at least about 0.7, or even at least about 0.8.
  • the ratio of bismuth oxide and silicon dioxide can be not greater than about 10, not greater than about 9, not greater than about 8, not greater than about 7, not greater than about 6, not greater than about 5, not greater than about 4, not greater than about 3, not greater than about 2.8, not greater than about 2.5, or even not greater than about 2. It will be appreciated that the ratio of bismuth oxide to silicon dioxide can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • the mixture can be formed to have a lesser amount of bismuth oxide (wt%) as compared to the amount of boron oxide (wt%). Moreover, the mixture can have a lesser amount of bismuth oxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of barium oxide (wt%) in the mixture. According to yet another embodiment, the mixture can be formed to have a lesser amount of bismuth oxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of silicon dioxide (wt%). However, in an alternative composition, the mixture may have a greater amount of bismuth oxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of silicon dioxide (wt%). Further, the mixture may include other components, such as zinc oxide (ZnO) and the amount of bismuth oxide (wt%) may be greater as compared to an amount of zinc oxide (wt%).
  • ZnO zinc oxide
  • ZnO zinc oxide
  • the amount of bismuth oxide (wt%) may be greater as compared to an amount of zinc oxide (wt%).
  • the mixture may contain a particular content of barium oxide (BaO).
  • the mixture may contain at least about 12 wt% bismuth oxide for the total weight of the mixture.
  • the amount of bismuth oxide can be greater, such as at least about 16 wt%, at least about 18 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 24 wt%, at least about 28 wt%, or even at least about 30 wt%.
  • the mixture can contain not greater than about 48 wt%, not greater than about 45 wt%, not greater than about 42 wt%, not greater than about 40 wt%, or even not greater than about 38 wt% barium oxide for the total weight of the mixture. It will be appreciated that the amount of barium oxide in the mixture can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages noted above.
  • the mixture can contain barium oxide and aluminum oxide in a particular ratio (BaO/Al 2 O 3 ).
  • the ratio of barium oxide to aluminum oxide can at least about 1.2, at least about 1.8, at least about 2, at least about 3, at least about 5, at least about 7, at least about 9, or even at least about 10.
  • the ratio of barium oxide to aluminum oxide can be not greater than about 40, not greater than about 38, not greater than about 36, not greater than about 34, or even not greater than about 32. It will be appreciated that the ratio of barium oxide to aluminum oxide can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • a mixture of at least one embodiment can have a particular ratio between barium oxide and silicon dioxide (BaO/SiO 2 ).
  • the ratio of barium oxide and silicon dioxide can be at least about 0.5, at least about 0.6, at least about 0.7, at least about 0.8, at least about 0.9, at least about 1, at least about 1.2, or even at least about 1.5.
  • the ratio of barium oxide to silicon dioxide can be not greater than about 10, not greater than about 9, not greater than about 8, not greater than about 7, not greater than about 6, not greater than about 5, not greater than about 4.5, not greater than about 4.2, or even not greater than about 4. It will be appreciated that the ratio of barium oxide to silicon dioxide can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • the mixture, and thus the resulting bond material can be formed to have a lesser amount of barium oxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of silicon dioxide (wt%).
  • the mixture may have a greater amount of barium oxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of silicon dioxide (wt%).
  • the mixture may include other components, such as zinc oxide (ZnO), and the amount of barium oxide (wt%) may be greater as compared to an amount of zinc oxide (wt%).
  • the mixture can have a greater amount of barium oxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of aluminum oxide (wt%) in the mixture.
  • the mixture may contain a particular content of zinc oxide (ZnO).
  • ZnO zinc oxide
  • the mixture may contain at least about 2 wt% zinc oxide for the total weight of the mixture.
  • the amount of zinc oxide can be greater, such as at least about 4 wt%, at least about 6 wt%, at least about 8 wt%, at least about 9 wt%, or even at least about 10 wt%.
  • the mixture can contain not greater than about 22 wt%, such as not greater than about 20 wt%, not greater than about 18 wt%, not greater than about 16 wt%, or even not greater than about 12 wt% zinc oxide for the total weight of the mixture. It will be appreciated that the amount of zinc oxide (wt%) in the mixture can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages noted above.
  • the mixture can contain a greater amount of zinc oxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of aluminum oxide (wt%).
  • the mixture can include zinc oxide and aluminum oxide in a particular ratio (ZnO/Al 2 O 3 ).
  • the ratio of zinc oxide to aluminum oxide can be at least about 1.2, at least about 1.5, at least about 2, at least about 2.2, at least about 2.6, at least about 3, at least about 3.2, or even at least about 3.5.
  • the ratio of zinc oxide to aluminum oxide can be not greater than about 30, not greater than about 26, not greater than about 22, not greater than about 20, not greater than about 18, not greater than about 14, or even not greater than about 12. It will be appreciated that the ratio of barium oxide to aluminum oxide can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • the mixture can contain a lesser amount of zinc oxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of silicon dioxide (wt%).
  • the mixture can contain a greater amount of zinc oxide (wt%) as compared to an amount of silicon dioxide (wt%).
  • the mixture can include a particular ratio of zinc oxide to silicon dioxide (ZnO/SiO 2 ).
  • the ratio of zinc oxide to silicon dioxide can be at least about 0.2, at least about 0.3, at least about 0.4, at least about 0.5, or even at least about 0.6.
  • the ratio of zinc oxide to silicon dioxide can be not greater than about 5, not greater than about 4, not greater than about 3, not greater than about 2, or even not greater than about 1.8. It will be appreciated that the ratio of zinc oxide to silicon dioxide can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • the bond material can be formed from the mixture that includes alkali oxide compounds (R 2 O), wherein R represents a metal selected from Group IA elements in the Periodic Table of Elements.
  • the mixture may include alkali oxide compounds (R 2 O) such as lithium oxide (Li 2 O), sodium oxide (Na 2 O), potassium oxide (K 2 O), and cesium oxide (Cs 2 O), and a combination thereof.
  • the content of alkali oxide compounds (R 2 O) may be a minority amount.
  • the mixture may have a total amount of alkali oxide compounds of not greater than about 10 wt%, such as not greater than about 8 wt%, not greater than about 6 wt%, not greater than about 4 wt%, or even not greater than about 2 wt%.
  • the mixture may have not greater than 3 different alkali oxide compounds (R 2 O). In yet other compositions, the mixture may have not greater than 2 different alkali oxide compounds or even not greater than 1 alkali oxide. According to one particular embodiment, the mixture can be essentially free of alkali oxide compounds. More particularly, the mixture may be essentially free of lithium oxide, essentially free of sodium oxide, essentially free of potassium oxide, or essentially free of cesium oxide.
  • the mixture may include a total amount of alkaline earth oxide compounds (RO), such as calcium oxide (CaO), magnesium oxide (MgO), barium oxide (BaO), and strontium oxide (SrO) in an amount of at least about 12 wt% for the total weight of the mixture.
  • RO alkaline earth oxide compounds
  • the amount of alkaline earth oxides in the mixture may be greater, such as at least about 16 wt%, at least about 18 wt%, at least about 20 wt%, at least about 24 wt%, at least about 28 wt%, or even at least about 30 wt%.
  • the total content of alkaline earth oxides in the mixture can be not greater than about 48 wt%, such as not greater than about 45 wt%, not greater than about 42 wt%, not greater than about 40 wt%, or even not greater than about 38 wt%. It will be appreciated that the total content of alkaline earth oxides in the mixture can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • the mixture may have not greater than 3 different alkaline earth oxide compounds. In yet other compositions, the mixture may have not greater than 2 different alkaline earth oxide compounds, or even not greater than 1 alkaline earth oxide compound. According to one particular embodiment, the mixture can be essentially free of CaO, MgO, or SrO.
  • the mixture can include a minority content of certain oxide compounds, including for example, MnO 2 , ZrSiO 2 , CoAl 2 O4, and MgO.
  • the mixture can include not greater than about 1 wt% of any of the oxide compounds of the group MnO 2 , ZrSiO 2 , CoAl 2 O4, and MgO.
  • the mixture can be essentially free of any of the oxide compounds of the group including MnO 2 , ZrSiO 2 , CoAl 2 O4, and MgO.
  • the mixture may include not greater than about 3.0 wt% phosphorous oxide (P 2 O 5 ). According to a particular embodiment, the mixture may be essentially free of phosphorous oxide.
  • the mixture may include abrasive particles.
  • the mixture used to form the bonded abrasive article can include a combination of different types of abrasive particulate material, including for example, a combination of unagglomerated abrasive particles and abrasive agglomerates.
  • the unagglomerated abrasive particles can be distinct and separate particulate material from abrasive agglomerates.
  • the unagglomerated abrasive particles can be individual abrasive particles defining a crystalline or polycrystalline material.
  • the abrasive agglomerates can be an aggregate of abrasive particles bonded together and contained within a binder.
  • the unagglomerated abrasive particles can include an oxide, a carbide, a nitride, a boride, an oxynitride, an oxycarbide, and a combination thereof.
  • the abrasive particles can be a superabrasive material.
  • One exemplary oxide material suitable for use in the unagglomerated abrasive particles is alumina.
  • the unagglomerated abrasive particles can consist essentially of alumina, and more particularly, consist essentially of microcrystalline alumina.
  • the abrasive particles can have an average particle size that is not greater than about 250 microns. In other embodiments, the average particle size of the abrasive particles can be less, such as on the order of not greater than 225 microns, not greater than about 200 microns, not greater than about 180 microns, or even not greater than about 150 microns. Still, the average particle size of the abrasive particles can be at least about 1 micron, such as at least 5 microns, at least about 10 microns, at least about 20 microns, at least about 30 microns, or even at least about 50 microns. It will be appreciated that the average particle size of the abrasive particles can be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • microcrystalline alumina can be formed of grains (i.e., crystallite) having an average grain size that is sub-micron sized.
  • the average grain size of microcrystalline alumina can be not greater than about 1 micron, such as not greater than about 0.5 microns, not greater than about 0.2 microns, not greater than about 0.1 microns, or even not greater than about 0.08 microns. Still, in one instance, the average grain size can be at least about 0.01 microns. It will be appreciated that the average grain size of the abrasive particles made of microcrystalline alumina can be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values noted above.
  • the mixture may include one or more additives.
  • suitable additives can include inorganic materials, which are distinct from the other materials in the mixture, including, for example, oxides.
  • the additives can include crystalline or amorphous phases of zirconia, silica, titania, and a combination thereof.
  • the additive can include one or more pore forming agents.
  • Some suitable pore forming agents can include organic materials, natural materials, polymer materials, inorganic materials, and a combination thereof.
  • the body can be formed from one or more pore forming agents such as bubble alumina, bubble mullite, hollow glass spheres, hollow ceramic spheres, hollow polymer spheres, polymers, organic compounds, fibrous materials, naphthalene, para-dichlorobenzene (PDB), shells, wood, and a combination thereof.
  • PDB para-dichlorobenzene
  • the bonded abrasive body can be formed from a combination of at least about 2 different pore forming agents, wherein the body is formed from a combination of bubble material and an organic-based pore forming agent.
  • the organic-based pore forming agent can be walnut shell.
  • the mixture used to form the bonded abrasive body can include a pore forming agent in an amount of at least about 1 wt% for the total weight of the mixture.
  • the content of pore forming agent in the mixture can be at least about 2 wt%, such as at least about 3 wt%, at least about 4 wt%, or even at least about 5 wt%.
  • the total content of the pore forming agent in the mixture can be not greater than about 15 wt%, not greater than about 12 wt%, not greater than about 10 wt%, or even not greater than about 9 wt% for the total weight of the mixture. It will be further appreciated that the total content of the pore forming agent within the mixture to form the bonded abrasive body can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages noted above.
  • the mixture can be shaped.
  • suitable shaping processes can include casting, molding, pressing, extrusion, and a combination thereof.
  • shaping includes pressing operations and/or molding operations, and a combination thereof.
  • the mixture can be shaped by cold pressing the mixture within a mold to form a green body.
  • the green body can be fired at a particular temperature to facilitate forming an abrasive article having a suitable bond material.
  • the firing operation can be conducted at a firing temperature that is not greater than about 900°C.
  • the firing temperature can be less, such as not greater than about 860°C, not greater than about 840°C, not greater than about 800°C, not greater than about 780°C, or even not greater than about 760°C.
  • the firing temperature may be at least about 400°C, at least about 500°C, or even at least about 600° C. It will be appreciated that particularly low firing temperatures may be utilized with the above-noted bond components such that excessively high temperatures are avoided and thus limiting the degradation of the abrasive particles during the forming process.
  • the bonded abrasive body comprises a bond material having a vitreous phase material.
  • the bond material can be a single phase vitreous material.
  • the bond material may be essentially free of crystalline material.
  • the finally-formed bonded abrasive body can have a particular content of bond material, abrasive particles, and porosity that may facilitate improved performance.
  • the body of the bonded abrasive article can have a porosity of at least about 5 vol% for the total volume of the bonded abrasive body.
  • the amount of porosity can be greater such as at least about 10 vol%, such as at least about 15 vol%, at least about 20 vol%, at least about 24 vol%, at least about 28 vol%, at least about 30 vol%, or even at least about 32 vol%, for the total volume of the bonded abrasive body.
  • the bonded abrasive body can have a porosity that is not greater than about 70 vol%, such as not greater than about 65 vol%, not greater than about 63 vol%, not greater than about 60 vol%, or even not greater than about 58 vol% for the total volume of the bonded abrasive body. It will be appreciated that the bonded abrasive body can have a porosity within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages noted above.
  • the bonded abrasive body can have a portion of the porosity that is interconnected porosity, wherein interconnected porosity is defined as an interconnected network of channels extending through the body and open to the external surface of the bonded abrasive body.
  • interconnected porosity is defined as an interconnected network of channels extending through the body and open to the external surface of the bonded abrasive body.
  • at least about 5% of the total volume of porosity is interconnected porosity.
  • the content of interconnected porosity can be greater, such as at least about 10%, at least about 20%, at least about 30%, at least about 40%, or even at least about 50% of the total porosity.
  • the amount of interconnected porosity may be not greater than about 95%, such as not greater than about 90%, or even not greater than about 85% of the total volume of porosity. It will be appreciated that the bonded abrasive body can have a content of interconnected porosity within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages noted above.
  • the bonded abrasive body can contain a minor content (vol%) of bond material as compared to the content of porosity and abrasive particles.
  • the bonded abrasive body can have not greater than about 50 vol% bond material for the total volume of the bonded abrasive body.
  • the bonded abrasive body can be formed such that it contains not greater than about 46 vol%, not greater than about 42 vol%, not greater than about 36 vol%, not greater than about 32 vol%, not greater than about 26 vol%, not greater than about 22 vol%, or even not greater than about 18 vol% bond material for the total volume of the bonded abrasive body.
  • the bonded abrasive body can have at least about 1 vol%, such as at least about 2 vol%, at least about 3 vol%, at least about 4 vol%, at least about 6 vol%, or even at least about 10 vol% bond material for the total volume of the bonded abrasive body. It will be appreciated that the bonded abrasive body can have a content of bond material within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages noted above.
  • the bonded abrasive body can have a total content of abrasive particles of at least about 10 vol% for the total volume of the bonded abrasive body.
  • the total content of abrasive particles in the bonded abrasive body can be greater, such as at least about 15 vol%, at least about 20 vol%, at least about 25 vol%, at least about 30 vol%, at least about 32 vol%, at least about 34 vol%, or even at least about 36 vol% abrasive particles for the total volume of the bonded abrasive body.
  • the bonded abrasive body can be formed such that it has not greater than about 80 vol%, not greater than about 70 vol%, not greater than about 65 vol%, not greater than about 60 vol%, not greater than about 55 vol%, not greater than about 50 vol%, not greater than about 45 vol%, or even not greater than about 42 vol% abrasive particles for the total volume of the bonded abrasive body. It will be appreciated that the content of abrasive particles within the bonded abrasive body can be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages noted above.
  • the total content of the component phases (e.g., abrasive particulate material, porosity, bond, fillers, etc.) of the bonded abrasive body add up to, and do not exceed, 100%.
  • the bonded abrasive article can include a bond material configured to have a particular melting point.
  • the melting point of the bond material can be not greater than about 1200°C, such as not greater than about 1100°C, or even not greater than about 1000°C. Still, the melting point of the bond material can be at least about 500°C, such as at least about 600°C, or even at least about 700°C. It will be appreciated that the melting point of the bond material may be within a range between any of the maximum and minimum temperatures noted above.
  • the bonded abrasive article can include a bond material configured to have a particular glass transition temperature.
  • the glass transition temperature of the bond material can be not greater than about 800°C, such as not greater than about 700°C, or even not greater than about 600°C.
  • the glass transition temperature of the bond material can be at least about 350°C, such as at least about 400°C, or even at least about 450°C. It will be appreciated that the glass transition temperature of the bond material may be within a range between any of the maximum and minimum temperatures noted above.
  • the bonded abrasive article can include a bond material configured to have a particular softening point temperature.
  • the softening point temperature of the bond material can be not greater than about 800°C, such as not greater than about700°C, or even not greater than about 600°C.
  • the softening point temperature of the bond material can be at least about 300°C, such as at least about 400°C, or even at least about 500°C. It will be appreciated that the softening point temperature of the bond material may be within a range between any of the maximum and minimum temperatures noted above.
  • the bonded abrasive bodies of the embodiments herein can have certain physical properties.
  • the bonded abrasive body can have an elastic modulus of at least about 20 gigapascal (GPa), for a structure having an amount of abrasive particles in a range between about 46 vol% and about 50 vol%, and a bond material in a range between about 7 vol% and about 11 vol% and a remainder amount of porosity.
  • the elastic modulus of the bonded abrasive body can be greater, such as at least about 25 GPa, at least about 30 GPa, at least about 35 GPa, at least about 40 GPa, or even at least about 45 GPa.
  • the elastic modulus of the bonded abrasive body may be not greater than about 100 GPa, such as not greater than about 80 GPa, or even not greater than about 60 GPa. It will be appreciated that the elastic modulus of the bonded abrasive body can be within a range between any of the maximum and minimum values noted above. It will be appreciated that the elastic modulus (E-Mod) of bars were measured from the Grindosonic (J.W. Lemmens INC, Bridgeton, MO.) reading and the calculated density.
  • the bonded abrasive body can have a Sand Blast Hardness (SBH) of at least about 1 mm, for a structure having an amount of abrasive particles in a range between about 46 vol% and about 50 vol%, and a bond material in a range between about 7 vol% and about 11 vol%. and a remainder amount of porosity.
  • SBH Sand Blast Hardness
  • the SBH of the bonded abrasive body can be greater, such as at least about 1.2 mm, or even at least about 1.5 mm. Still, the SBH of the bonded abrasive body may be not greater than about 5 mm, or even not greater than about 4 mm. It will be appreciated that the SBH of the bonded abrasive body can be within a range between any of the maximum and minimum values noted above. It will be appreciated that the sandblast tests were conducted using the following procedure: by first calibrating a standard, such as a glass plate material, on a table under a measuring rod and the standard was placed in contact with a surface of the blast seal.
  • a standard such as a glass plate material
  • the bonded abrasive body can have a modulus of rupture (MOR) of at least about 15 megapascals (MPa), for a structure having an amount of abrasive particles in a range between about 46 vol% and about 50 vol%, a bond material in a range between about 7 vol% and about 11 vol%, and a remainder amount of porosity.
  • MOR modulus of rupture
  • the MOR of the bonded abrasive body can be greater, such as at least about 18 MPa, at least about 20 MPa, or even at least about 25 MPa,.
  • the MOR of the bonded abrasive body may be not greater than about 50 MPa, or even not greater than about 45 MPa.
  • the elastic modulus of the bonded abrasive body can be within a range between any of the maximum and minimum values noted above. It will be appreciated that the MOR was measured on the test bars in 4 point bending on an Instron machine. It will be appreciated that the load cell used was 10 kilonewtons (kN) and the speed test used was 0.05 inches/min.
  • references herein to the grinding capabilities of the bonded abrasive body can relate to grinding operations such as centerless grinding, cylindrical grinding, crankshaft grinding, various surface grinding operations, bearing and gear grinding operations, creepfeed grinding, and various toolroom grinding processes.
  • suitable workpieces for the grinding operations can include inorganic or organic materials.
  • the workpiece can include a metal, metal alloy, plastic, or natural material.
  • the workpiece can include a ferrous metal, non-ferrous metal, metal alloy, metal superalloy, and a combination thereof.
  • the workpiece can include an organic material, including for example, a polymer material.
  • the workpiece may be a natural material, including for example, wood.
  • the abrasive particles can be shaped abrasive particles.
  • Shaped abrasive particles can have a well-defined and regular arrangement (i.e., non-random) of edges and sides, thus defining an identifiable shape.
  • a shaped abrasive particle may have a polygonal shape as viewed in a plane defined by any two dimensions of length, width, and height.
  • Some exemplary polygonal shapes can be triangular, quadrilateral (e.g., rectangular, square, trapezoidal, parallelogram), a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, an octagon, a nonagon, a decagon, and the like.
  • the shaped abrasive particle can have a three-dimensional shape defined by a polyhedral shape, such as a prismatic shape or the like. Further, the shaped abrasive particles may have curved edges and/or surfaces, such that the shaped abrasive particles can have convex, concave, ellipsoidal shapes.
  • the shaped abrasive particles can be in the form of any alphanumeric character, e.g., 1, 2, 3, etc., A, B, C. etc. Further, the shaped abrasive particles can be in the form of a character selected from the Greek alphabet, the modern Latin alphabet, the ancient Latin alphabet, the Russian alphabet, any other alphabet (e.g., Kanji characters), trademarks indicia, symbols, and any combination thereof.
  • the shaped abrasive particle can have a body defining a length (1), a height (h), and a width (w), wherein the length is greater than or equal to the height, and the height is greater than or equal to the width.
  • the body may include a primary aspect ratio defined by the ratio of length:height of at least about 1:1.
  • the body may also include an upright orientation probability of at least about 50%.
  • the shaped abrasive particle can have a body having a length (1), a width (w), and a height (h), wherein the length, width, and height may correspond to a longitudinal axis, a lateral axis, and a vertical axis, respectively, and the longitudinal axis, lateral axis, and vertical axis may define three perpendicular planes.
  • the body may include an asymmetric geometry with respect to any of the three perpendicular planes.
  • the shaped abrasive particle may include a body having a complex three-dimensional geometry including 3-fold symmetry in three perpendicular planes defined by a longitudinal axis, a lateral axis, and a vertical axis. Further, the body may include an opening that extends through the entire interior of the body along one of the longitudinal axis, lateral axis, or vertical axis.
  • the shaped abrasive particle may include a body having a complex three-dimensional geometry defined by a length (1), a width (w), and a height (h).
  • the body may also include a center of mass and a geometric midpoint.
  • the center of mass may be displaced from the geometric midpoint by a distance (Dh) of at least about 0.05(h) along a vertical axis of the body defining the height.
  • the shaped abrasive particle may include a body that defines a length (1), a width (w), and a height (h).
  • the body may include a base surface and an upper surface. Further, the base surface comprises a different cross-sectional shape than a cross-sectional shape of the upper surface.
  • the shaped abrasive particle may include a body that has a generally flat bottom and a dome shaped top extending from the generally flat bottom.
  • the shaped abrasive particle may include a body comprising a length (1), a width (w), and a height (h).
  • the length, width, and height may correspond to a longitudinal axis, a lateral axis, and a vertical axis, respectively.
  • the body may include a twist along a longitudinal axis defining the length of the body such that a base surface is rotated with respect to an upper surface to establish a twist angle.
  • the shaped abrasive particle may include a body having a first end face and a second end face , at least three adjacent side faces extending between the first end face and the second end face, and an edge structure established between each pair of adjacent side faces.
  • the shaped abrasive particle may include a body having a central portion and at least three radial arms extending outwardly from the central portion along the entire length of the central portion.
  • FIG. 1 includes a plot of power versus time at three different feed rates, for a conventional bonded abrasive article and two sample abrasive articles formed according to embodiments herein.
  • Plot 101 represents the performance of Sample 1, a bonded abrasive article formed according to an embodiment herein.
  • Sample 1 is a bonded abrasive body having a porosity of approximately 42 vol% to approximately 56 vol%, an abrasive particle content (i.e., microcrystalline alumina particles) within a range between about 42 vol% and about 52 vol%, and a bond material content within a range between about 6 vol% and about 14 vol%.
  • Sample 1 is cold pressed and fired at a temperature of approximately 750°C.
  • the bond material is formed from a mixture having the composition of bond material components as provided in weight percent for the total weight of the mixture given in Table 1 below. It will be appreciated that the total content of bond material components add up to 100%.
  • Table 1 SiO 2 16-19 Al 2 O 3 1-3 TiO 2 Trace CaO ⁇ 1 MgO ⁇ 1 Li 2 O ⁇ 1 Na2O ⁇ 1 K 2 O ⁇ 1 Bi 2 O 3 15-18 BaO 32-38 ZnO 8-11 B 2 O 3 19-23
  • Plot 102 represents a performance of Sample 2, a bonded abrasive article formed according to an embodiment herein.
  • Sample 2 is a bonded abrasive body having a porosity of approximately 42 vol% to approximately 56 vol%, an abrasive particle content (i.e., microcrystalline alumina particles) within a range between about 42 vol% and about 52 vol%, and a bond material content within a range between about 6 vol% and about 14 vol%.
  • Sample 2 is formed by cold pressing the mixture to form a shaped green article and firing the green article at a temperature of approximately 750°C.
  • the bond material is formed from a mixture having the composition of bond material components as provided in weight percent for the total weight of the mixture given in Table 2 below.
  • Sample CS1 is a bonded abrasive body having a porosity of approximately 42 vol% to approximately 56 vol%, an abrasive particle content (i.e., microcrystalline alumina particles) within a range between about 42 vol% and about 52 vol%, and a bond material content within a range between about 6 vol% and about 14 vol%.
  • Sample CS1 is formed by cold pressing the mixture to form a shaped green article and firing the green article at a temperature of approximately 900°C.
  • the bond material is formed from a mixture having the composition of bond material components as provided in weight percent for the total weight of the mixture given in Table 3 below.
  • Samples 1 and 2 have comparable power requirements per time of grinding as compared to sample CS1. It is notable that over the range of different feed rates tested, despite having a lower firing temperature, Samples 1 and 2 performed as well as sample CS1. In fact, Sample 1 demonstrated lower power requirements for all feed rates tested, demonstrating improved performance compared to the convention sample CS1.
  • FIG. 2 includes a plot of finish (Ra) versus time at three different feed rates for the conventional bonded abrasive sample CS1 and sample abrasive articles, Sample 1 and Sample 2, formed according to the embodiments. As illustrated, Samples 1 and 2 had essentially the same performance as comparative sample, CS1.
  • FIG. 3 includes a plot of cumulative wheel wear (in inches) versus time at three different feed rates, for the conventional bonded abrasive sample (CS1) and sample abrasive articles (Samples 1 and 2) according to embodiments. As illustrated, Samples 1 and 2 demonstrated essentially the same performance as comparative sample, CS1. In fact, at certain feed rates, Sample 1 or Sample 2 performed better than conventional sample, CS1.
  • FIG. 4 includes a plot of cumulative G-ratio versus cumulative material removed at three different feed rates, for the conventional bonded abrasive sample (CS1) and the sample abrasive articles formed according to the embodiments (Sample 1 and Sample 2). As illustrated, Samples 1 and 2 demonstrated essentially the same performance as comparative sample, CS1. Moreover, at certain feed rates, Sample 1 or Sample 2 performed better than conventional sample, CS1.
  • FIG. 5 includes a plot of elastic modulus for a conventional bonded abrasive sample (CS1) and sample abrasive articles formed according to embodiments (Sample 1 and Sample 2). As illustrated, Samples 1 and 2 had essentially the same elastic modulus as comparative sample, CS1, despite having been formed at a significantly lower firing temperature
  • FIG. 6 includes a plot of SBH (mm) for the conventional bonded abrasive sample (CS1) and sample abrasive articles (Sample 1 and Sample 2). As illustrated, Samples 1 and 2 have comparable SBH as compared to comparative sample, CS1, despite having been formed at a significantly lower firing temperature. Sandblast hardness measurements were made by measuring the depth of the hole generated when an air pressure of 15 psi, in a chamber having a volume of 48 cc, was used to blast standard grade sand material at the surface of the sample for a single cycle time of 10 seconds.
  • FIG. 1 Sandblast hardness measurements were made by measuring the depth of the hole generated when an air pressure of 15 psi, in a chamber having a volume of 48 cc, was used to blast standard grade sand material at the surface of the sample for a single cycle time of 10 seconds.
  • MOR 7 includes a plot of modulus of rupture (MOR) for a conventional bonded abrasive article (CS1) and sample abrasive articles (Sample 1 and Sample 2). As illustrated, Samples 1 and 2 have only slightly lower MOR as compared to comparative sample, CS1. MOR was measured using a 4-point bend test set-up in an Instron machine.
  • the foregoing embodiments are directed to abrasive products, and particularly bonded abrasive products, which represent a departure from the state-of-the-art.
  • the bonded abrasive bodies of the embodiments herein utilize a combination of non-limiting features including a particular amount and type of abrasive particles, particular amount and type of bond material, and a particular amount of porosity.
  • the bond material can be formed from a mixture of a particular combination of materials, including but not limited to boron oxide, barium oxide, bismuth oxide, and zinc oxide.
  • the bond material facilitates lower firing temperatures while having comparable grinding performance relative to state-of-the-art abrasive articles.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
EP13810853.5A 2012-06-29 2013-06-28 Bonded abrasive body and method of forming same Not-in-force EP2866973B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261666066P 2012-06-29 2012-06-29
PCT/US2013/048478 WO2014004973A1 (en) 2012-06-29 2013-06-28 Bonded abrasive body and method of forming same

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2866973A1 EP2866973A1 (en) 2015-05-06
EP2866973A4 EP2866973A4 (en) 2016-04-13
EP2866973B1 true EP2866973B1 (en) 2019-02-06

Family

ID=49783891

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13810853.5A Not-in-force EP2866973B1 (en) 2012-06-29 2013-06-28 Bonded abrasive body and method of forming same

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8870986B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP2866973B1 (ja)
JP (2) JP6019226B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN104507640B (ja)
AR (1) AR091550A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2014004973A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103770028A (zh) * 2014-01-10 2014-05-07 当涂县南方红月磨具磨料有限公司 一种陶瓷锆刚玉砂轮
CN103831735A (zh) * 2014-02-11 2014-06-04 当涂县南方红月磨具磨料有限公司 一种陶瓷铬刚玉砂轮
WO2016109728A1 (en) * 2014-12-30 2016-07-07 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive articles and methods for forming same
MX2017008306A (es) * 2014-12-30 2017-12-07 Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc Articulos abrasivos y metodos para formarlos.
KR20200050472A (ko) * 2017-09-28 2020-05-11 생-고뱅 어브레이시브즈, 인코포레이티드 실리콘 카바이드를 포함하는 비응집된 연마제 입자 및 무기 결합 재료를 포함하는 연마제 물품
WO2019133866A1 (en) * 2017-12-28 2019-07-04 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Bonded abrasive articles
CN111607359B (zh) * 2020-05-22 2021-06-04 浙江中晶科技股份有限公司 一种氧化锆复合磨料的制备工艺及研磨液

Family Cites Families (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2477649A (en) 1944-08-16 1949-08-02 American Optical Corp Glass composition
US2413549A (en) 1944-09-23 1946-12-31 Du Pont Vitreous composition
US2527884A (en) 1949-01-29 1950-10-31 Cutler Hammer Inc Vitreous compositions and methods of making the same
US4150514A (en) 1977-10-28 1979-04-24 Ferro Corporation Process for molding bonded refractory particles
IT1122580B (it) 1978-07-17 1986-04-23 Unicorn Ind Ltd Miglioramenti relativi a prodotti per molatura
US4541842A (en) 1980-12-29 1985-09-17 Norton Company Glass bonded abrasive agglomerates
GB2102016B (en) 1981-07-15 1985-01-09 Norton Co Manufacture of cold pressed grinding wheels
US4543107A (en) 1984-08-08 1985-09-24 Norton Company Vitrified bonded grinding wheels containing sintered gel aluminous abrasive grits
EP0211247A3 (de) * 1985-07-31 1987-05-27 Techno-Keramik GmbH Feinschleifwerkzeug für die Bearbeitung von Werkstücken aus Metall, Glas oder Keramik
US4997694A (en) 1987-09-17 1991-03-05 Legare David J Cellular ceramic and foam materials
JPH0716881B2 (ja) * 1988-06-16 1995-03-01 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド ビトリファイド超砥粒砥石
US4898597A (en) 1988-08-25 1990-02-06 Norton Company Frit bonded abrasive wheel
US5203886A (en) 1991-08-12 1993-04-20 Norton Company High porosity vitrified bonded grinding wheels
US5401284A (en) 1993-07-30 1995-03-28 Sheldon; David A. Sol-gel alumina abrasive wheel with improved corner holding
US5536283A (en) 1993-07-30 1996-07-16 Norton Company Alumina abrasive wheel with improved corner holding
US5653775A (en) 1996-01-26 1997-08-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Microwave sintering of sol-gel derived abrasive grain
US5863308A (en) * 1997-10-31 1999-01-26 Norton Company Low temperature bond for abrasive tools
US6102789A (en) 1998-03-27 2000-08-15 Norton Company Abrasive tools
JP3373797B2 (ja) 1998-10-28 2003-02-04 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド 樹脂含浸補強ビトリファイド砥石およびその製造方法
US6056794A (en) 1999-03-05 2000-05-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive articles having bonding systems containing abrasive particles
US6277161B1 (en) 1999-09-28 2001-08-21 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive grain, abrasive articles, and methods of making and using the same
JP3723705B2 (ja) 1999-10-19 2005-12-07 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド ハイブリッド型レジノイド砥石
AU2001250949A1 (en) 2000-03-23 2001-10-03 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Vitrified bonded abrasive tools
US6702650B2 (en) 2000-05-09 2004-03-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Porous abrasive article having ceramic abrasive composites, methods of making, and methods of use
US6790126B2 (en) 2000-10-06 2004-09-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Agglomerate abrasive grain and a method of making the same
EP1326940B1 (en) 2000-10-16 2010-03-31 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making ceramic aggregate particles
ATE382671T1 (de) 2000-10-16 2008-01-15 3M Innovative Properties Co Verfahren zur herstellung von agglomeratteilchen
US6551366B1 (en) 2000-11-10 2003-04-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Spray drying methods of making agglomerate abrasive grains and abrasive articles
US6609963B2 (en) 2001-08-21 2003-08-26 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Vitrified superabrasive tool and method of manufacture
US7415841B2 (en) 2002-03-27 2008-08-26 Hoya Corporation Method for producing chemically strengthened glass substrate for information recording medium
US6679758B2 (en) 2002-04-11 2004-01-20 Saint-Gobain Abrasives Technology Company Porous abrasive articles with agglomerated abrasives
JP2004268200A (ja) 2003-03-07 2004-09-30 Noritake Co Ltd 複合型レジノイド砥石
JP2007517675A (ja) 2003-12-23 2007-07-05 ダイヤモンド イノベーションズ、インク． ロール研削用研削砥石およびロール研削方法
US7722691B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2010-05-25 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tools having a permeable structure
US7281970B2 (en) 2005-12-30 2007-10-16 3M Innovative Properties Company Composite articles and methods of making the same
BRPI0809003B1 (pt) 2007-03-14 2019-02-19 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Método de fabricação de artigo abrasivo ligado
EP2505312B1 (en) * 2007-03-14 2015-11-18 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Method of making a bonded abrasive article
PT2174751E (pt) 2008-10-10 2014-08-06 Ct For Abrasives & Refractories Res & Dev Carrd Gmbh Aglomerados de grãos abrasivos, processo para a sua preparação, bem como a sua utilização para a preparação de agentes abrasivos
TW201024034A (en) * 2008-12-30 2010-07-01 Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc Bonded abrasive tool and method of forming
NL2005092A (en) * 2009-07-16 2011-01-18 Asml Netherlands Bv Object alignment measurement method and apparatus.
JP2011045938A (ja) * 2009-08-25 2011-03-10 Three M Innovative Properties Co 焼成凝集体の製造方法、焼成凝集体、研磨材組成物及び研磨材物品。
US8784521B2 (en) * 2009-12-02 2014-07-22 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Bonded abrasive article and method of forming

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6019226B2 (ja) 2016-11-02
US20140007516A1 (en) 2014-01-09
EP2866973A1 (en) 2015-05-06
CN104507640B (zh) 2017-10-13
CN104507640A (zh) 2015-04-08
JP2017035779A (ja) 2017-02-16
US8870986B2 (en) 2014-10-28
EP2866973A4 (en) 2016-04-13
AR091550A1 (es) 2015-02-11
JP2015526300A (ja) 2015-09-10
WO2014004973A1 (en) 2014-01-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2866973B1 (en) Bonded abrasive body and method of forming same
KR101849797B1 (ko) 세라믹 형상화 연마 입자, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 함유하는 연마 용품
US8999026B2 (en) Bonded abrasive article and method of forming
EP2782712B1 (en) Abrasive article for ultra high material removal rate grinding operations
EP1027189A1 (en) Low temperature bond for abrasive tools
US9144885B2 (en) Abrasive article for high-speed grinding operations
EP2691208B1 (en) Abrasive article for high-speed grinding operations
EP2869968B1 (en) Abrasive article for lower speed grinding operations
JP2001260032A (ja) ビトリファイド砥石
JPS6362348B2 (ja)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20150122

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: SARANGI, NILANJAN

Inventor name: JOUSSEAUME, CECILE

Inventor name: RUKMANI, SANDHYA JAYARAMAN

Inventor name: PAPIN, SOPHIE

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
RA4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched (corrected)

Effective date: 20160314

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B24D 3/14 20060101ALI20160308BHEP

Ipc: C09C 1/68 20060101ALI20160308BHEP

Ipc: C09K 3/14 20060101AFI20160308BHEP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Ref document number: 602013050558

Country of ref document: DE

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: B24D0003200000

Ipc: C09K0003140000

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B24D 3/14 20060101ALI20180625BHEP

Ipc: C09K 3/14 20060101AFI20180625BHEP

Ipc: C09C 1/68 20060101ALI20180625BHEP

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20180823

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1094898

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190215

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602013050558

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20190206

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190606

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190506

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1094898

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190206

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190606

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190507

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190506

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602013050558

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602013050558

Country of ref document: DE

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20191107

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20190628

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20190630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200101

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190628

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190628

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190630

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190628

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190630

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20130628

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190206