EP2862673B1 - Hochtemperaturverfahren und -anlage zur mechanischen Entzunderung - Google Patents

Hochtemperaturverfahren und -anlage zur mechanischen Entzunderung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2862673B1
EP2862673B1 EP13188813.3A EP13188813A EP2862673B1 EP 2862673 B1 EP2862673 B1 EP 2862673B1 EP 13188813 A EP13188813 A EP 13188813A EP 2862673 B1 EP2862673 B1 EP 2862673B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
descaling
shot
product
water
mill
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13188813.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2862673A1 (de
Inventor
Diana ESPINOSA
Jean-Claude Herman
Tony PREZEAU
Alexandre David
Didier FARRUGIA
Paul Yates
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Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques Asbl - Centrum
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Centre de Recherches Metallurgiques CRM ASBL
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
    • B24C1/086—Descaling; Removing coating films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C43/00—Devices for cleaning metal products combined with or specially adapted for use with machines or apparatus provided for in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/06—Impeller wheels; Rotor blades therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/04—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling, e.g. by brushing

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to the field of descaling processes and installations in the metal industry, in particular steel industry, i.e. intended for removing the oxide layer formed on the metal surface during hot processing of the material.
  • focus of the invention is set on removing primary scale of highly alloyed steels, electrical and rail steels with a range of Si, Al and Cr additions.
  • HPW high-pressure water
  • the oxide layer is cracked and crushed by the kinetic energy of the water drops.
  • the intensive water cooling of the surface causes different shrinking of the steel and the scale material due to the difference in thermal expansion rates and a break of the layer occurs.
  • the scale is removed from the surface by using an angled water spray which will generate a shear component within the scale and scale-metal interface.
  • the process of HPW descaling in its current plant implementation is energy intensive, suffers from saturation (above 40-50 l/m 2 ) and may induce, as it is difficult to control, undue heat losses at the surface of key products (rail, flat carbon steels, etc.).
  • Document JP 2007-136469 discloses a solution to provide a fine surface finish and high-efficiency descaling method of a hot-rolled steel strip by which the productivity of the descaling is ensured. Shot blasting is applied at room temperature to the hot-rolled steel strip by using shot particles of ⁇ 0.30 mm in an average particle diameter and, successively, shot blasting is applied by using shot particles of ⁇ 0.40 mm in the average particle diameter. Furthermore, pickling is applied after that.
  • Document JPH06277742 discloses a solution to remove oxidized scale on a steel sheet and to prevent its regeneration by shot-blasting the steel sheet at a high temperature in an atmosphere of inert gas.
  • the steel sheet is primarily cooled down to a specific temperature under an atmosphere of inert gas, and then sent into the atmosphere.
  • a shot-blasting machine and a cooling machine are arranged in parallel, both being surrounded by a casing. Passing lines of the steel sheet are so constituted that they are coincident with each other in the shot-blasting machine, the cooling machine and the casing.
  • the casing is communicating with an inert gas feeder in order to be always kept under inert atmosphere.
  • a rolled steel sheet is cooled and shot-blasted at a temperature of 400-650°C, then further cooled to a temperature ⁇ 300°C, carried to the outside of the device and brought into contact with air to remove oxidized scale and to prevent the regeneration of scale.
  • the shot-blasting machine is located after the run-out table, well behind the rolling mill.
  • part of the shot is injected from an injector onto a high-temperature rolled material, getting thereby high temperature and part sent to the side of a blow-off chamber. Both are then conveyed to a shot cooler to be cooled off therein. The shot which has been cooled off is then carried out of a cooled shot outlet port of the cooler at a settled rate, supplied to the injector of the injecting chamber by a conveyor at the underneath, ensuing high temperature rolled material is continuously disposed of by shot blasting.
  • the present invention aims at addressing the drawbacks observed in steel manufacturing when using state-of-the-art high-pressure water descaling techniques.
  • the invention aims at developing new integrated routes involving water-free descaling techniques. Particularly the invention aims at substituting or completing the primary hydraulic descaling.
  • the invention also aims at performing a descaling process between post-reheating discharge temperature and hot rolling temperature, on products presenting primary scale thicknesses typically comprised between 500 and 1600 ⁇ m.
  • the invention also aims at avoiding surface quality problems coming from harsh surface temperature reduction and thus, by avoiding problems such as thermal shocks and cracks, at improving product quality.
  • the invention also aims at reducing energy consumption, in particular electricity, maintenance cost in the descaling process and more generally the cost of the whole process.
  • the invention also aims at improving descaling efficiency and quality by reducing issues of negative overlap due to non-conformance spray impingement in HPW stationary descaling header which is a major issue for the metal industry involving careful controlled set-up, regular maintenance of header and nozzles. This issue mostly for electrical steel is a source of major surface quality problems such as tiger stripes.
  • this invention also aims at reducing the potential overcooling generated by conventional stational HPW descaler in the overlapping jet areas.
  • the invention claims the water-free high temperature descaling process to be integrated in the hot processing lines and thus compatible with production speeds and production output of these lines.
  • a first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for water-free descaling a metallurgical product continuously processed through a hot rolling mill installation, comprising successively a reheating furnace or tunnel furnace, a roughing mill and a finishing mill, said method comprising a descaling step using a metal shot blasting device, characterised in that the shot blasting device is integrated inside the hot rolling mill and in that the metallurgical product is shot blasted at a temperature greater than 1000°C.
  • the invention scope is further limited by at least one, or by a suitable combination of the following characteristics:
  • a second aspect of the present invention concerns a hot rolling mill installation for water-free descaling, comprising successively a reheating furnace or tunnel furnace, a roughing mill and a finishing mill and provided with at least one metal shot blasting device integrated inside the hot rolling mill, for performing a descaling step of a flat or long hot metallurgical product continuously processed therein, characterised in that the shot blasting device is located between the reheating furnace or tunnel furnace exit and the roughing mill entry.
  • the shot blasting device comprises a number of wheel blasting systems propelling shots onto the product thanks to a bladed turbine rotated by a motor.
  • the number and arrangement of the wheel blasting systems is selected so as to descale the upper, lower and/or lateral sides of the metallurgical product, according to the actual width of said product.
  • a new high temperature descaling process based on a water-free method is proposed.
  • Steel shot blasting at room temperature is a process currently applied for removing oxide scale after hot rolling and could be an alternative process for avoiding pickling.
  • the novelty induced by the present invention is to transpose this technique to high temperature and primary scale.
  • Tests simulating primary descaling have shown the possibility to remove the oxide layer from the steel product at high temperature. A clear reduction in energy consumption can be obtained, thanks to substitution of the high pressure pumps, and the temperature drop at the surface when descaling with abrasive media is lower compared to water descaling.
  • An additional benefit for the hot shot blasting is related to the cost. Preliminary cost estimation based on the pilot trials performed with an industrial wheel blasting machine, shows a lower cost for HSB descaling.
  • the invention is valid for all hot steel products (between 0.002 and 0.75% wt%C), with a special interest in steels alloyed with Cr and/or Al and/or Mn and/or Si. Indeed the addition of these alloying elements will influence the type of oxide formed, its thickness, properties and adherence to metal surface at the steel/oxide interface.
  • Shape, size, hardness and specific distribution called operating mix due to the wear during blasting service, are the main criteria for blasting media. Shapes of media are round or angular particles and size is defined by normal dimension. Size of the shots for hot shot blasting application can vary between 0.1 and 1.7 mm. Both shape and size are defined by the SAE J444 standard designation. The hardness range depends on the shot application.
  • the operating mix is a mixture of particles used in a blasting machine, characterised by size distribution, abrasive type and quantity as well as blasting parameters.
  • the conventional grades with hardness between 35HRC and 50HRC are suited for the application. Since the abrasive/substrate contact time is very short and the temperature increment of the shots after descaling hot parts is negligible (from 11°C to 22°C in industrial pilot), and far under the tempering temperature ( ⁇ 400°C), the shots keep their properties during hot shot blasting.
  • the media velocity has an effect on the kinetic energy.
  • the type of media shape, size, mass and hardness
  • the mass flow rate defines the time required to obtain the specific coverage rate and the impact angle influences the roughness, the shot in-laying, the energy transmission efficiency and affects the transfer energy from shot to work piece and it is also an important parameter for rebound and recyclability.
  • the blasting descaling process is the possibility of recycling the shots.
  • the abrasive particles were studied before and after hot sample blasting.
  • the surface properties and oxide scale state were investigated. Temperature of the surface during descaling was also assessed. Primary scale obtained by a reheating test under industrial conditions was investigated for all the steels studied in this project.
  • the primary scale is non-uniform and already fairly porous with spallation and through thickness cracks, in particular for the steels with higher amount of Al and Si.
  • the aim here is to compare both descaling processes in terms of scale removal in pilot experimental conditions.
  • Table I shows the analytical equivalence between mechanical descaling and shot blasting (no thermal effect and under static impact only). The main results are related to the shot and water velocity.
  • a shot velocity of ⁇ 80 m/s corresponds to a HPW descaling pressure of max 320 bar for a particular nozzle giving theoretical descaling static impact pressure (IP) of the order of 1.5-1.8 Mpa.
  • IP theoretical descaling static impact pressure
  • the estimated analytical penetration depth is 0.1 to 0.3 mm using water or metallic shot with 0.4 mm diameter particle.
  • FIG.3A and FIG.3B display the cross section obtained after respectively high pressure water descaling and shot blasting.
  • scale test hot shot blasting descaling is at least as efficient as high pressure water descaling in removing the primary scale.
  • a standard wheel blasting machine was adapted to be able to work with hot samples.
  • On top of the blasting cabinet was positioned a blasting wheel to access comparable angles to HPW, the turbine could be adjusted in 3 directions.
  • the rake angle of the wheel has been custom-made designed and built for this application.
  • a blasting wheel of 5.5 kW with capacity of 90 kg/min in terms of flow rate was enough to ensure a good efficiency and productivity for the given test conditions.
  • HPW in pilot descaling rig was compared to wheel blasting descaling. From visual observations it can already be said that shot blasting seems a promising way to water-free descale samples. From cross section analysis it can be confirmed that HPW descaling for the pressure considered (200 bar) and high speed resulted in poor descability as compared to lower system pressure and low speed.
  • the hot shot blasting process using S230 shots and 60Hz turbine speed created some shot indentation to the steel surface.
  • the wheel blasting pilot was able to run at 0.08 - 0.12 m/s. Blasting pattern width was adjusted between 600 mm and 1 m.
  • the coverage rate has to be kept and the abrasive flow adjusted. If necessary the number of turbines can be adjusted.
  • FIG.2 shows possible wheel arrangement for blasting the sides of a plate.
  • the cost estimation considered cost of energy, water and shot, type of product for full descaling coverage, variable line speed, pump type and power, and descaling time.
  • the abrasive is recovered at the bottom of the cabinet, the media is recyclable hundreds of times and it is calculated that only a negligible portion of the abrasive will break upon each impact.
  • Cost estimation also accounts for wear rate of nozzle via an increase of the coefficient of discharge. Cost for water discharge, any water treatments, accumulators (case of plate mill), maintenance and operator cost, etc. were simplified. The investment cost is not included, but the value should be similar for both systems.
  • Results show a significantly higher annual cost for HPW descaling compared to HSB. All neglected costs are known to be higher with HPW descaling than for shot blasting. Both cost calculations are based on the test done during this project, it is an estimation and as not all the industrial values and conditions are taken into account, more testing should be done to have a more real estimated cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Verfahren zum wasserfreien Entzundern eines metallurgischen Produkts, das kontinuierlich durch eine Warmwalzwerkanlage verarbeitet wird, umfassend aufeinanderfolgend einen Wiedererwärmungsofen oder Tunnelofen, ein Vorwalzwerk und ein Fertigwalzwerk, wobei das Verfahren einen Schritt des Entzunderns unter Verwendung einer Metallkugelstrahlvorrichtung umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallkugelstrahlvorrichtung innerhalb des Warmwalzwerks integriert ist und dadurch, dass das metallurgische Produkt bei einer Temperatur von mehr als 1000 °C kugelgestrahlt wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Entzunderns zwischen dem Ausgang des Wiedererwärmungsofens oder Tunnelofens und dem Eingang des Vorwalzwerks bei einer Temperatur von zwischen 1150 °C und 1250 °C durchgeführt wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des Entzunderns auf ein metallurgisches Produkt mit einer Dicke von mehr als 50 mm aufgebracht wird.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des wasserfreien Entzunderns unter Umgebungs- oder nicht inerter Atmosphäre durchgeführt wird.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt des wasserfreien Entzunderns unter einer Atmosphäre mit weniger als 5 % Sauerstoff durchgeführt wird.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kugel mit einem Aufprallwinkel zwischen 90° und 50°, einem Kugeldurchmesser zwischen 0,1 mm und 1,7 mm, einer Kugelgeschwindigkeit zwischen 40 und 90 m/s, einer Produktfördergeschwindigkeit bei Vorwalzwerkgeschwindigkeit und einer Abdeckbreite, die die Breite des Teils, der entzundert werden soll, darstellt, auf das Produkt projiziert wird.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kugeldurchmesser zwischen 0,3 mm und 1 mm liegt.
  8. Warmwalzwerkanlage zum wasserfreien Entzundern, umfassend aufeinanderfolgend einen Wiedererwärmungsofen oder Tunnelofen, ein Vorwalzwerk und ein Fertigwalzwerk, und ausgestattet mit mindestens einer Metallkugelstrahlvorrichtung, die innerhalb des Warmwalzwerks integriert ist, um das Entzundern eines flachen oder langen heißen metallurgischen Produkts durchzuführen, das kontinuierlich darin verarbeitet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kugelstrahlvorrichtung zwischen dem Ausgang des Wiedererwärmungsofens oder Tunnelofens und dem Eingang des Vorwalzwerks angeordnet ist.
  9. Anlage nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kugelstrahlvorrichtung eine Anzahl von Radstrahlsystemen umfasst, die Kugeln dank einer Turbine mit Blättern, die von einem Motor gedreht wird, auf das Produkt schießen.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzahl und die Anordnung der Radstrahlsysteme so gewählt sind, dass die oberen, die unteren und/oder die seitlichen Flächen des metallurgischen Produkts gemäß der tatsächlichen Breite des Produkts ausgewählt sind.
EP13188813.3A 2013-10-16 2013-10-16 Hochtemperaturverfahren und -anlage zur mechanischen Entzunderung Not-in-force EP2862673B1 (de)

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US10879775B2 (en) 2018-05-23 2020-12-29 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Surface treatments of electrical steel core devices
MX2022008240A (es) 2019-12-31 2022-10-07 Cold Jet Llc Método y aparato para chorro de rafaga.
CN113857271B (zh) * 2020-06-30 2024-04-05 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 一种带钢射流除鳞工艺控制方法、控制装置及设备
AT524149B1 (de) * 2020-08-20 2022-11-15 Nntech Gmbh Verfahren zur Bearbeitung eines Stahlblechs
CN115415938B (zh) * 2022-07-20 2024-01-30 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 提高不锈钢带钢表面横向粗糙度均匀性的方法

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US3320701A (en) * 1963-11-13 1967-05-23 Pangborn Corp Metal cleaning
GB1338357A (en) * 1972-07-21 1973-11-21 Selas Corp Of America Methods of descaling strip metal
JPS5531533A (en) 1978-08-22 1980-03-05 Nippon Steel Corp Shot blast device for high temperature rolled material
JP3055741B2 (ja) 1993-03-26 2000-06-26 新東工業株式会社 圧延鋼板のスケ−ル除去方法及びその装置
JP2007136469A (ja) 2005-11-15 2007-06-07 Jfe Steel Kk 熱延鋼帯の高粗度、高能率脱スケール方法

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