Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
  • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
  • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
  • F28F1/126—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
  • F28F1/128—Fins with openings, e.g. louvered fins
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
  • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
  • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
  • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element

Definitions

• the invention is in the field of ventilation, heating and / or air conditioning of an electric or hybrid motor vehicle.
• the invention relates to an interlayer for heat exchanger cooperating with such a facility and an associated heat exchanger.
• An electric or hybrid motor vehicle whose propulsion is provided at least partially by an electric motor, is commonly equipped with a ventilation system, heating and / or air conditioning to change the aero thermal parameters of the air to the inside the passenger compartment of the vehicle by delivering a flow of conditioned air inside the passenger compartment.
• Such a packaging system can be used for example in summer for a need for cooling of the passenger compartment, but also for example the winter for a need for heating the cabin.
• the conditioning system comprises at least one heat exchanger able to work in condenser mode or in evaporator mode as required.
• the heat exchanger generally comprises a bundle of tubes and spacers, for example corrugated, also called corrugated fins, disposed between the tubes of the bundle and secured to these tubes, usually by brazing, by their respective folds.
• corrugated also called corrugated fins
• the tube bundle is usually swept by a gas stream such as a stream of air that exchanges heat with another fluid, usually a heat transfer fluid, which circulates in the tubes of the bundle.
• a gas stream such as a stream of air that exchanges heat with another fluid, usually a heat transfer fluid, which circulates in the tubes of the bundle.
• the corrugated spacers are generally formed from a metal strip and comprise a set of flat walls, connected in pairs by folds to form alternating corrugations.
• Interlayers are known in which each of the flat walls is provided with a plurality of inclined louvers made by cutting and forming the strip.
• the louvers that comprise the corrugated dividers have for principal function to improve the heat exchange by an active mixing of the air flow which sweeps the beam, forcing a flow of air through the shutters.
• such a heat exchanger can be adapted to work in evaporator or condenser mode and is for example arranged at the front face of the vehicle for a heat exchange between the fluid and a flow of air outside the vehicle.
• a known solution is to use the conditioning system in heat pump mode.
• the external heat exchanger works in evaporator mode.
• the disadvantage of such a solution when it is used in winter conditions is the risk of icing of the external heat exchanger working in evaporator mode due to the condensation of the water vapor in the air and its cooling in contact with the walls.
• the inserts inside the heat exchanger can be made of ice.
• the interlayer is also provided wider than the tube and has a set of small louvers and not a full louver over the entire height of the spacer on the upstream and downstream parts of the spacer.
• a major disadvantage is that the water formed during the first defrosting can stagnate between two folds in the upstream part of the interlayer and increases the risk of ice accumulation upstream of the exchanger.
• the invention therefore aims to at least partially overcome these disadvantages of the prior art by providing a spacer to better control frost formation and facilitate the flow of condensate during defrosting.
• the subject of the invention is an interlayer for a heat exchanger, said interlayer comprising a predefined number of substantially parallel flat walls connected in pairs by folds, the flat walls comprising a plurality of louvers substantially inclined with respect to the plane.
• a flat wall characterized in that a flat wall further comprises at least one strap having longitudinal sides extending parallel to the flat wall and side sides connected to the flat wall by means of at least one link ramp.
• Said interlayer may further comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in combination:
• a flat wall has a substantially rectangular general shape and the longitudinal sides of a strap extend in the direction of the height of the flat wall
• a strap extends over a distance of the order of at least 75% of the height of the plane wall
• a strap has a generally band-like shape defining a plane substantially parallel to the plane defined by the plane wall, at least one strap is arranged on one end of the plane wall intended to face the arrival of a gas flow in the heat exchanger,
• a flat wall comprises at least two strips oriented in two opposite directions
• a flat wall comprises at least two strips arranged symmetrically on two opposite ends of the plane wall
• louvers are arranged on a substantially central part of a plane wall
• said interlayer is formed from a metallic material and a strap is made by cutting and folding the metallic material
• the flat walls respectively comprise at least two groups of louvers having a respective orientation, the louvers of a group being substantially identical,
• said interlayer has a substantially undulating general shape, the plane walls being connected two by two by folds so as to form alternating corrugations.
• the invention also relates to a heat exchanger in which circulates a fluid for heat exchange with a gas flow, said exchanger comprising a heat exchange bundle having a substantially parallelepipedal general shape and comprising:
• the spacers have an interlayer width greater than the tube width so as to exceed the tubes and respectively comprise a predefined number of flat walls connected two by two by folds, the flat walls comprising a plurality of louvers substantially inclined relative to the plane defined by the flat walls,
• a planar wall further comprises at least one strap having longitudinal sides extending parallel to the flat wall and lateral sides connected to the plane wall by means of at least one connecting ramp, and arranged on the upstream end of the flat wall facing the arrival of the gas flow.
• FIG. 1 is a front view of a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle,
• FIG. 2a is a perspective view of a part of an interlayer and of two adjacent tubes of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1 according to a first variant
• FIG. 2b is a partial side view of the spacer and of the two adjacent tubes of FIG. 2a,
• FIG. 2c is a sectional view of the insert of FIGS. 2a and 2b;
• FIG. 3 represents a graph illustrating test results on an interlayer with or without a strap, showing the water retention over time during a first phase A of immersion of an interlayer sample in water, and the evolution of the flow of water during a second phase B of removal of the sample from the water,
• FIG. 4a is a partial side view of an interlayer and two adjacent tubes of the heat exchanger according to a second variant
• FIG. 4b is a sectional view of adjacent dividers of FIG. 4a
• FIG. 5a is a partial side view of an interlayer and two adjacent tubes of the heat exchanger according to a third variant
• Figure 5b is a sectional view of adjacent tabs of Figure 5a.
• a heat exchanger 1 including motor vehicle may be intended for use in a hybrid and / or electric vehicle.
• Such an external heat exchanger is able to allow a calorie exchange between a fluid, in particular a coolant, and a gas flow such as an outside air flow.
• the heat transfer fluid is for example a refrigerant, such as tetrafluoroethane known under the name of RI 34a, carbon dioxide C0 2 , or tetrafluoropropene known as HFO-1234yf.
• a refrigerant such as tetrafluoroethane known under the name of RI 34a, carbon dioxide C0 2 , or tetrafluoropropene known as HFO-1234yf.
• the external heat exchanger is able to function as a condenser or as an evaporator.
• the external heat exchanger can be used as a condenser in an air conditioning mode to cool the vehicle interior and evaporator in a heat pump mode to warm the cabin.
• the outdoor heat exchanger allows heat to be taken in the form of heat from the outside air flow.
• condenser mode the fluid transfers heat to the outside air stream passing through the external heat exchanger.
• the heat exchanger 1 comprises a heat exchange bundle 3.
• the bundle 3 has a generally parallelepipedal overall shape with a length L, a height h, and a width in the direction perpendicular to FIG. 1.
• the beam 3 comprises:
• the tubes 5 respectively have at least one fluid circulation channel.
• the tubes 5 are for example substantially longitudinal flat tubes whose length extends parallel to the length L of the beam 3 (see Figure 1).
• the tubes 5 open respectively by their opposite longitudinal ends in the manifolds 9 and 11. This allows the introduction of the fluid into the beam 3 through the inlet box 9 and the evacuation of the fluid through the outlet box 11.
• These inlet manifolds 9 and outlet 11 are associated with a fluid circuit in which the exchanger 1 is mounted.
• the tubes 5 have a tube width or first width 1 1 (see FIGS. 2a, 2b) parallel to the direction of the width of the bundle 3.
• the tubes 5 and the spacers 7 are for example metallic. By way of example, it is possible to provide tubes 5 and spacers 7 made of an aluminum alloy.
• the spacers 7 may be formed from a metal strip, for example aluminum alloy.
• the tubes 5 and the spacers 7 can be brazed together.
• the spacers 7 are interposed between the fluid circulation tubes 5 to improve the heat exchange between the gas flow F (see Figure 2b), such as the outside air flow, and the fluid. Indeed, these spacers 7 disrupt the flow of the gas flow F and increase the heat exchange surface between the fluid and the gas flow F.
• the spacers 7 have a length extending parallel to the length L of the beam 3.
• the spacers 7 additionally have a width of interlayer or second width 1 2 parallel to the width 1 1 of the tubes 5 and the width of the beam 3. This second width 1 2 is greater than the first width l 15 so that the inserts 7 protrude from the tubes 5.
• the spacers 7 have a height h 'which defines the distance between two adjacent tubes 5.
• the spacers 7 have for example a generally undulating form. There is also talk of interleaves 7 folded accordion-shaped.
• an insert 7 comprises a predefined number of plane walls 13.
• the flat walls 13 are substantially rectangular with a height h 'corresponding to the height h' of the spacer 7.
• the folds 15 are substantially rounded and the flat walls 13 are connected in pairs by folds 15 so as to form alternating corrugations.
• the spacers 7 can be attached to the tubes 5 by their respective folds, for example by soldering.
• the flat walls 13 comprise a plurality of louvers 17 1; 17 2 substantially inclined relative to the general plane P defined by the flat walls 13 (see Figures 2a and 2b).
• These shutters 17 1; 17 2 respectively have a generally blade-like general shape.
• the shutters 17 1; 17 2 can be made by cutting and folding the material metal of tab 7.
• shutters 17 1; 17 2 are for example arranged on a substantially central portion of the flat wall 13.
• the louvers 17 1; 17 2 can also be arranged in line with the tube 5.
• Two groups of shutters can be provided: a first group of shutters
• louvers 17i and a second group of louvers 17 2 may be substantially identical.
• Each group of louvers 17 1; 17 2 may have a respective orientation.
• the louvers 17i of the first group are for example oriented towards the upstream part of the flat wall 13 while the louvers 17 2 of the second group are oriented towards the downstream part of the flat wall 13.
• the upstream portion of the plane 13 is facing the arrival of the gas flow F, and the downstream portion of the flat wall 13 is therefore opposed to the arrival of the gas flow F.
• louvers 17 1; 17 2 can extend over the entire height h 'of the plane wall 13.
• the shutters 17 1; 17 2 thus define openings at a given opening angle, through which passes the gas flow F, which increases the heat exchange surface.
• a flat wall 13 further comprises at least one strap 19.
• Such a strap 19 is for example made by cutting and folding the metal material of the insert 7.
• the strap 19 once formed is, for example, offset with respect to the plane P defined by the plane wall 13.
• offset d is best seen in Figure 2c. Indeed, there is a depression of material forming the strap 19 with respect to the general plane P defined by the plane wall 13. According to the illustrated example, this depression is perpendicular to the general plane P defined by the plane wall 13.
• This offset d may be at least of the order of 0.1 mm. By way of example, an offset d of the order of 0.4 to 0.5 mm can be provided.
• This strap 19 is for example arranged on at least one end of the plane wall 13.
• the plane wall 13 is substantially rectangular and the strap 19 is formed on a longitudinal end of the plane wall 13.
• the strap 19 is made on an upstream end of the plane wall 13 intended to face the arrival of the gas flow F during assembly of the heat exchanger 1.
• This arrangement of the strap 19 at the inlet of the gas flow F in the heat exchanger 1 is particularly advantageous because in the event of icing, for example due to the use of the heat exchanger 1 in evaporator mode, the accumulation of frost occurs first upstream of the heat exchanger 1. And, as will be described later, the strap 19 reduces the formation of frost because the strap 19 is less conducive to water retention for example compared to a louver 17 1; 17 2 . Thus, the strap 19 helps to capture moisture upstream.
• interlayer 7 it is possible for interlayer 7 to have at least one strap 19 on a downstream end, namely intended to be opposite to the arrival of the gas stream in heat exchanger 1.
• the strap 19 has for example a generally bandlike shape.
• This band defines a plane substantially parallel to the general plane P defined by the plane wall 13.
• the flat wall 13 comprising such a strap 19 thus has a substantially rectangular recessed shape.
• the width of this strap 19 may be of the order of at least 0.5 mm.
• a width of the order of 2 mm can be provided.
• the strap 19 has longitudinal sides 21 parallel and opposite, and side sides 23 parallel and opposite, so that the strap 19 is substantially rectangular shape.
• the longitudinal sides 21 extend parallel to the flat wall 13 in the direction of the height h 'of the flat wall 13.
• This strap 19 may extend longitudinally over a distance of at least 75% of the height h' of the flat wall 13, even over a distance corresponding to the entire height h 'of the plane wall 13.
• At least one of the longitudinal sides 21 of the strap 19 is intended to extend substantially to the right of the gas flow F.
• the lateral sides 23 are connected to the plane wall 13 by means of at least one connecting ramp 24.
• This strap 19 is therefore substantially parallel to the flow of the gas flow F, such as the air flow; which reduces the pressure drop.
• FIG. 3 This is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3 illustrating test results using an interlayer sample 7 provided with strips 19 and an interlayer sample without strips 19.
• the first curve C1 identified by means of diamonds, corresponds to an interlayer 7 provided with strips 19 and the second C2, identified by means of triangles, corresponds to an interlayer devoid of strips 19. ; this insert has only louvers 17 1; 17 2 .
• a second phase B for withdrawing the interlayer sample 7 from the water, so as to schematically illustrate the flow of the water retained over time.
• the first immersion phase A is according to the test carried out for a duration of the order of 120 seconds. And, the second phase B starts at 120s.
• the graph 3 has the abscissa time in seconds (s) and the ordinate the weight of the water in the interlayer in grams (g).
• the frost therefore hangs less on a thong 19 than on a louver 17 1; 17 2 .
• the strap 19 makes it possible to reduce the formation of frost upstream of the spacer 7, and to improve drainage of the condensates during the defrosting step by controlling the heat exchanger 1 in condenser mode.
• the strap 19 is substantially parallel to the flow of the gas flow F through the heat exchanger 1 which facilitates the flow of condensate.
• Interlayers 7 having a strap 19 on the upstream ends of the flat walls 13 have previously been described.
• more than one strap may be provided on one end of a flat wall 113, as illustrated in FIGS. 4a and 4b.
• two strips 119i and 119 2 may be provided on an upstream end of a plane wall 113.
• the straps 119 1 and 119 2 are for example substantially identical in shape to the strap 19 previously described with reference to FIGS. 2a to 2c, with longitudinal sides 21 and lateral sides 23 connected to the plane wall 113 by means of at least a connecting ramp 24.
• These two strips 119 1 and 119 2 may for example be made so opposite. This opposition of the two straps 119 1 and 119 2 is better visible in Figure 4b. To do this, it is possible to make one of the straps 119 1 by depression in a first direction schematized by the arrow Si in Figure 4b, and the other strap 119 2 by depression in a second direction S 2 opposite to the first direction Si . Thus, depression of the two strips 119 1 and 119 2 can be done in the direction perpendicular to the general plane P defined by the flat wall 13 but in two directions Si and S 2 opposed. The two strips 119i and 119 2 thus formed are oriented in two directions Si and S 2 opposite.
• the offset d or "offset" of the two strips 119i and 119 2 relative to the general plane P defined by the plane wall 113 may be substantially identical.
• a flat wall 113 comprises at least one strap 119i, 119 2 , 119 3 , 119 4 on the two opposite ends of the flat wall (see Figures 5a and 5b). This design facilitates the manufacturing process of the interlayer 7.
• the flat wall 113 has for example a generally rectangular general shape, and the two strips 119i, 119 2 , 119 3 , 119 4 are for example carried by the two opposite longitudinal ends of the plane wall 113.
• a flat wall 113 may have at least two strips 119i,
• the strips 119i, 119 2 , 119 3 , 119 4 are opposed in pairs. More specifically, the two strips 119i and 119 2 on the upstream end of the plane wall 113 are respectively oriented in two directions Si and S 2 opposite. Similarly, the two strips 119 4 and 119 3 on the downstream end are respectively oriented in the two directions Si and S 2 opposite. Thus, for example, when the strips 119i, 119 2 , 119 3 , 119 4 are made symmetrically, the two strips 119 1 and 119 4 extreme of the plane wall 113 are respectively oriented in the first direction If while that the two intermediate strips 119 2 and 119 3 are respectively oriented in the second direction S 2 .
• the shutters 17 ⁇ and 17 2 are for example arranged on a substantially central portion of the flat wall 113 and the strips 119 l 5 119 2, 119 3, 119 4 are arranged on both other of these shutters ⁇ 1 ⁇ and 17 2 .
• Such a heat exchanger may comprise an upstream end of a flat wall 13 of spacer provided with at least one strap 19, 119 l 5 119 2 which is located projecting out of the tube 5.
• Such a heat exchanger may also comprise a downstream end of a flat wall 13 of interlayer provided with at least one strap 119 3 , 119 4 which is located in line with at least one tube 5.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Geometry (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (1)

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• 2012
  • 2012-05-25 FR FR1254852A patent/FR2991034B1/fr active Active
• 2013
  • 2013-05-21 CN CN201380027132.7A patent/CN104334995A/zh active Pending
  • 2013-05-21 JP JP2015513133A patent/JP2015517646A/ja active Pending
  • 2013-05-21 US US14/403,696 patent/US20150096726A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2013-05-21 WO PCT/EP2013/060359 patent/WO2013174785A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2013-05-21 EP EP13724572.6A patent/EP2856056A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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