EP2847121A1 - Crane - Google Patents
CraneInfo
- Publication number
- EP2847121A1 EP2847121A1 EP14710818.7A EP14710818A EP2847121A1 EP 2847121 A1 EP2847121 A1 EP 2847121A1 EP 14710818 A EP14710818 A EP 14710818A EP 2847121 A1 EP2847121 A1 EP 2847121A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- load
- crane
- drive means
- drive
- limit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/88—Safety gear
- B66C23/90—Devices for indicating or limiting lifting moment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a crane, in particular tower crane, with drive devices for crane and / or load movements in / around multiple axes of movement, and a crane control for controlling the drive means, the crane control a monitoring device for monitoring the crane load and limiting crane movements when reaching load limits having.
- the sizes mentioned can also be used in be determined in other ways, for example, in cranes with luffing boom the projection on the luffing angle and possibly the austeleskop Arthur boom length can be determined.
- the determination of the lifting load and its discharge can result in a load moment acting on the crane being determined, which is compared with a corresponding load limit in the form of a limiting torque in order to ensure the stability of the crane. If the monitoring device detects that a load that is generally too heavy is lifted or a certain lifting load is moved too far outward, so that the unloading becomes too large for this load, the crane control can stop the hoist drive and the trolley drive to ensure the stability of the crane ,
- the stability of the crane does not depend exclusively on the above-mentioned sizes of lifting load and radius, but is also influenced by dynamic variables such as speed of movement and acceleration.
- rapid crane or load movements that fully exploit the drive speeds of the drive devices, always to ensure sufficient stability and safety, but on the other hand for slow crane movements with only small accelerations to exploit the stability as much as possible and to lift high loads was already proposed to define two different load limits and store in the monitoring device or to use as a reference.
- the load limit which ensures adequate safety even for fast crane movements, is taken as the basis, while for more demanding lifting tasks with higher loads and / or larger discharges, a further, higher load limit is used.
- the crane operator can drive over the first, lower load limit, whereby the crane control ensures that the travel speeds of the drive devices are reduced and only smaller accelerations can be driven.
- Such an increase in load on cranes is sometimes referred to as "power lift" and is known, for example, from document EP 0 849 213 A1
- the first load limit or the shutdown associated with reaching this load limit can be used the drives manually from the crane operator or also be deactivated automatically, this being accompanied by a corresponding reduction of the travel speeds and the accelerations of the drive means by the crane control.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a further improved crane of the type mentioned above, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and further develops the latter in an advantageous manner.
- a further increase in load is to be achieved while still ensuring the stability and safety of the crane.
- the monitoring device comprises at least two load limits, between which the drive devices can only be actuated individually.
- the crane control which only allows a single actuation of the drive units in the extended payload range, can further increase the load limit at which a crane must be shut down be postponed or an even higher load capacity can be achieved.
- the crane Control or its monitoring device to be designed such that different extended payload ranges defined or monitored and provided for these different, extended payload ranges different restriction modes for limiting the crane movements.
- a further payload range may be provided, in which the crane control while the simultaneous operation allows multiple drive means, but only with limited drive speed and / or limited drive acceleration ,
- said operating mode in which a plurality of drive means can be operated simultaneously at reduced speeds and / or reduced accelerations, precedes the payload area, in which only a single operation is possible, i. in operating mode with single operation, the load limit is pushed even further.
- the crane control or its monitoring device can first of all determine the maximum possible drive speeds and / or maximum possible accelerations of the drive devices - possibly only one drive device or several or all drive devices - restrict. If a second load limit applicable for limited speed or acceleration operation is reached, the crane control may limit the operability of the drive means so that they can only be operated one at a time.
- control device can be designed such that in the operating mode of Einzelbetätigles between the operation of various drive means a compulsory break is provided, which is advantageously sized large enough to eliminate dynamic reactions such as oscillations or at least sufficiently reduced, if a first drive device switched off and before a second drive device is turned on.
- a timer or pause generator building block of the crane control actuation pause can be at least several seconds to a few minutes, the length of each given movement break can be made dependent on each shutdown and / or to be driven drive.
- a relatively longer break in movement may be provided when a rotary movement of the crane is terminated and a Katzfahrtown to be started, while a comparatively shorter movement pause may be sufficient when first the hoist is operated and then a Katzfahrtown should be initiated.
- a movement restriction due to reduced speeds and / or accelerations may also be provided.
- the mobile, reduced speeds of said single actuation mode can be further reduced compared to the operating mode in which several drive devices can be actuated at reduced speed or reduced acceleration in order to maximize the carrying capacity for special lifting tasks as much as possible.
- the said load limit which limits the operation with individually actuated drive devices, can form the shutdown limit of the crane, at which point the drive devices are finally switched off or can only be operated in one direction in which the load acting on the crane, ie in particular lifting load and unloading, is reduced. For example, a lowering of the hoist or a retraction of the trolley are allowed to reduce the crane load.
- the mentioned load limits can basically be designed differently, for example forming a limit value for a load moment acting on the crane.
- the mentioned load limits can be designed in the form of limit load curves which are suitable for different discharges of the lifting load different hoist load limit values.
- said limit load curves in the region of smallest projections can specify a constant limit load, and then form a decreasing, flattening curve at this straight region for larger discharges.
- other designs of the load limit are also possible.
- the drive devices which are subjected to the mentioned limitations in the various operating modes, in particular in the above-described extended limit load range, can be assigned to different movement axes of the crane, in particular the hoist, the trolley and the slewing gear of the crane or the said components associated Hubtechniksantriebe, trolley drives and slewing drives include, so that in the said extended payload range, the hoist, the trolley and the slewing of the crane now individually, ie no longer simultaneously, but only one after the other are actuated.
- other drive devices can also be actuated in a corresponding manner in the mentioned single operating mode.
- This can be, for example, in a crane with a tilting jib or a rocking jib tip or another tiltable jib part of the rocking drive.
- a ballast in the individual operating mode remain adjustable or a counter-jib can be adjusted individually in said single operating mode.
- a travel drive for moving the entire crane in individual mode of operation remain traversable, which of course depends on the particular crane type.
- Fig. 1 a schematic side view of a mobile construction crane, which supported on a rotatable superstructure tower carries a luffing boom with trolley
- Figure 2 is a lift load diagram showing the multiple load limits in the form of various limit load curves and the various payload ranges defined thereby, in which the crane control provides for various crane movement limitations in different modes of operation.
- the crane 1 can be designed as a mobile construction crane or mobile tower crane comprising a tower 2 which is supported on a revolving platform 3 which sits on an undercarriage 4 and about an upright axis of rotation by means of a slewing gear drive device 9 can be turned.
- Said undercarriage 4 may be designed to be movable as a lorry or otherwise, but may also be a firmly anchored or supported support base.
- the tower 2 can carry a boom 5, which can be tilted up and down about a lying, transverse rocking axis, cf. Fig. 1.
- a trolley 6 can be mounted longitudinally movable, which can be moved by a trolley drive device 11, for example via a corresponding Katzfahrseil.
- a trolley drive device 11 for example via a corresponding Katzfahrseil.
- About the said trolley 6 can run a hoist rope 8, to which a load harness can be connected, for example in the form of a load hook 7, to lift a load in a conventional manner.
- a hoist drive device 10 can drive a hoist drum accordingly.
- the crane may comprise further drive means, for example a telescopic boom with a telescopic pier drive device 13, a ballast adjustment drive device 15 for adjusting a ballast or a travel drive device 14 for moving the entire crane could be provided in the illustrated version of the mobile baukrans will not be the case regularly, as it is jacked up for lifting loads.
- a telescopic boom with a telescopic pier drive device 13 a ballast adjustment drive device 15 for adjusting a ballast or a travel drive device 14 for moving the entire crane could be provided in the illustrated version of the mobile baukrans will not be the case regularly, as it is jacked up for lifting loads.
- the various drives are controlled by a central crane control 16, which can provide operating levers or other input means for a crane operator in a manner known per se so that it can control the various movement axes of the crane.
- the crane control 16 comprises a monitoring device 17, which monitors the crane load acting on the crane by suitable sensors, in particular the lifting load received on the load hook 7 and the projection which the load hook 7 has with respect to the base of the crane.
- the mentioned projection can be determined, for example, via the position of the trolley 6 on the boom 5 and, if necessary, the rocking angle of the boom 5 relative to the horizontal.
- the monitoring device 17 compares the current load state with the mentioned load limits, wherein the crane control 16 releases or limits the actuation of the said drive devices, depending on which payload range the crane is currently in.
- the crane If the crane is in the payload range I, ie below the limit load curve LM1 shown in FIG. 2, several drive devices can be actuated simultaneously with relatively high or maximum drive speeds and accelerations. Reached the crane 1 by lifting a correspondingly high lifting load or by a relatively high radius as a result of the extension of the trolley 6 said load limit LM1, the crane can indeed drive over said load limit LM1 away in the payload area II, but only by a corresponding switching the crane control 16 and provide a reduced speed and acceleration.
- the said switching operation can be triggered manually by the crane operator, or automatically by a corresponding switching device of the crane control 16 when passing or reaching the load limit LM1 be made.
- a plurality of said drive means such as the trolley drive 11, the hoist drive 10 and / or the slewing drive means 9 can be operated simultaneously, but only with reduced speeds and accelerations to reduce the dynamic crane loads.
- the crane operation reaches said second load limit LM2, it too can be overrun, but then only one individual actuation of the drive devices is possible.
- the corresponding switching operation can in turn be performed manually by the crane operator or automatically by the crane control 16 when said load limit LM2 is reached, so that the crane can also use the adjoining payload area III in regular crane operation for special lifting tasks.
- Said load range III is above the second load limit LM2 and extends to the third load limit LM3. If said third load limit LM3 is reached, the respective actuated drive device is switched off or only one such movement direction is permitted, which reduces the load.
- a plurality of drive means or different drive means can be actuated, but not at the same time, but only in succession.
- These may, for example, be the said hoisting gear drive device 10, the trolley drive device 11 and the aforementioned slewing gear drive device 9, but may also comprise one or more of the aforementioned other drive devices.
- the individual actuation of said drive device is advantageously also possible only at reduced speed and / or reduced acceleration, wherein the mobile speed or acceleration can be further reduced compared to the already reduced payload range II.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013005936.4A DE102013005936A1 (en) | 2013-04-05 | 2013-04-05 | crane |
PCT/EP2014/000721 WO2014161636A1 (en) | 2013-04-05 | 2014-03-17 | Crane |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2847121A1 true EP2847121A1 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
EP2847121B1 EP2847121B1 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
Family
ID=50289628
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14710818.7A Active EP2847121B1 (en) | 2013-04-05 | 2014-03-17 | Crane |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2847121B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102013005936A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2559664T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014161636A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102021102699A1 (en) | 2021-02-05 | 2022-08-11 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | crane |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1403046A (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1975-08-13 | Weimar Kombinat Veb | Load factor safety mechanism |
DE2839419A1 (en) | 1978-09-11 | 1980-03-27 | Krupp Gmbh | Angle or rotation instrument - has plane inclination pick=ups with two inclination detectors with output signal of one of them divided by pick=up output signal |
DE3103728A1 (en) | 1981-02-04 | 1982-09-02 | Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Device for improving the operational behaviour of mobile slewing cranes |
DE3835522A1 (en) | 1988-10-19 | 1990-05-03 | Man Ghh Krantechnik | CRANE CONTROL |
DE4417608A1 (en) | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-10 | Liebherr Werk Biberach Gmbh | Method and device for limiting the load torque of a tower crane |
DE19637124A1 (en) | 1996-09-12 | 1998-03-19 | Johann Ilnseher | Stability safety device for vehicle-mounted crane or load handling device |
DE19653579B4 (en) | 1996-12-20 | 2017-03-09 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | Tower Crane |
JP2000034093A (en) | 1998-07-21 | 2000-02-02 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Slewing type working machinery and its safety working area and setting method of rated load |
DE19931303C2 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2002-11-21 | Liebherr Werk Ehingen | Capacity optimization when executing crane movements |
ATE322454T1 (en) | 2000-10-19 | 2006-04-15 | Liebherr Werk Nenzing | CRANE OR EXCAVATOR FOR HANDLING A LOAD HANGING ON A LOADS WITH LOAD SWING DAMPING |
DE10115312A1 (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-02 | Man Wolffkran | Controlling crane movements, involves limiting speed and/or acceleration of crane movement by maximum movement depending on deviation of load moment from maximum load moment |
DE10128986A1 (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-19 | Demag Mobile Cranes Gmbh | Mobile crane has load increasing device permanently connected to main jib part and with individual weight of telescopic extensions each reduced to avoid exceeding maximum permissible weight without having to reduce number of extensions |
DE102005035729A1 (en) | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh | Method for operating a crane |
RU2319657C2 (en) | 2006-02-14 | 2008-03-20 | Анатолий Иосифович Инденбаум | Method of safe control of tower crane |
DE202006017724U1 (en) | 2006-11-21 | 2008-04-03 | Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh | mobile crane |
DE102011105819A1 (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-29 | Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh | Crane with overload protection |
-
2013
- 2013-04-05 DE DE102013005936.4A patent/DE102013005936A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-03-17 EP EP14710818.7A patent/EP2847121B1/en active Active
- 2014-03-17 DE DE212014000007.6U patent/DE212014000007U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2014-03-17 ES ES14710818.7T patent/ES2559664T3/en active Active
- 2014-03-17 WO PCT/EP2014/000721 patent/WO2014161636A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2014161636A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102013005936A1 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
EP2847121B1 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
DE212014000007U1 (en) | 2015-02-04 |
WO2014161636A1 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
ES2559664T3 (en) | 2016-02-15 |
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