EP3280674B1 - Transport unit - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a transport device for transporting at least one container or other load, wherein the transport device has at least one trolley and at least one load receiving device and at least eight hoisting ropes, and the load receiving device comprises connecting means for fastening the container or the other load and lifting means of the hoisting ropes - And lowered on the trolley hangs, the hoisting ropes are rotatable on the trolley rotatably mounted cable drums, and each hoist rope on a separate cable drum wound and / or at least partially wound. In addition, the invention also relates to methods for transporting at least one container or other load, and a crane with at least one transport device.

When transporting containers by means of at least one crane transport facilities of the above type are used. In addition to lifting and lowering, i. a movement in the vertical direction, is usually also an adjustment of containers or other loads in at least one horizontal direction needed to turn off the container or the load in a predetermined place to hand over to trucks, stack each other, etc. The trolley, too Called crane trolley, usually runs along a main support of a crane and allows the movement of the transport device in a first horizontal direction, while the crane as a whole on crane rails usually in a second horizontal direction is displaced. Thus, a coarse positioning of the transport device or the load receiving device in relation to the container or other load is possible.

For a rapid handling of the container is in addition to high speeds a quick and very accurate positioning (= Fine positioning) of the load receiving device especially at the container receiving space and the intended container storage space advantageous.

In the DE 20 2006 000 490 U1 a transport device of the type mentioned is shown, in which the load-carrying device is supported by two longitudinal pairs of cables and two transverse pairs of cables. The two transverse cable pairs are driven together by a motor. The two longitudinal cable pairs are driven by a common motor. For fine positioning of the load receiving device piston-cylinder units are provided in the region of the anchoring points of the cable pairs on the load receiving device, which allow a shift of the load receiving device against the cable engagement points of the cable pairs. To control the piston-cylinder units corresponding hydraulic units, electrical components, sensors, etc. are required on the load-carrying device, which increase the weight of the load-receiving device.

In the DE 10 2004 040 663 A1 is a hoist with eight anchored to a load spreader hoisting ropes and four rope drums, on each of which two of the hoisting ropes are wound, and discloses two drives. In each case two of the cable drums can be driven by means of a common drive. The two drives can be controlled independently of each other or coupled. To compensate for deviations in the rope lengths of the hoisting ropes, four of the hoisting ropes have elastic attachments to the load crossmember.

In the DE 200 13 621 U1 discloses a transport device of the type mentioned above, wherein four cable drums are assigned to a hoist and four more cable drums an auxiliary hoist. The auxiliary hoist supports the actual hoist if its rope drums are subjected to excessive loads.

The object of the invention is to provide a transport device of the type mentioned above, in which the weight of the load bearing device can be reduced compared to the prior art.

According to the invention, this is achieved with a transport device having the features of claim 1.

In other words, in a transport device according to the invention, all cable drums can be driven independently of one another with different rotational speeds and / or in different rotational directions.

The basic idea of the subject invention is that each cable drum for winding and unwinding their hoisting rope can be driven individually with a currently desired speed and / or direction of rotation to the total movement of the load receiving device or the container To influence overall movement of the load receiving device or the container. The speed could also be called the rotational speed. With the transport device according to the invention, it is possible, the fine positioning of the hanging on the trolley load bearing device (this is also referred to as a head block) make by individually winding and unwinding each hoist rope. The total movement of the load receiving device then results from the interaction of the individually controllable cable drums or hoisting ropes. On additional drive units, such as the known from the prior art piston-cylinder units for fine positioning of the load receiving device, and their power supply and control means can be omitted. This results in a significantly reduced weight of the load receiving device.

For the realization of an exclusive lifting and lowering movement of the load receiving device in the vertical direction is conveniently provided that the cable drums can be driven synchronously, i. that the cable drums can then be driven at the same time with a corresponding, possibly the same speed or in the same direction of rotation. This can be achieved by a correspondingly individual control of the cable drums with correspondingly matched to each other default values.

A cable drum in the context of the invention could also be referred to as a winch and serves the winding and unwinding of a hoisting rope. By twisting the cable drum a hoisting rope or an end portion of the hoisting rope is wound up or unwound. The number of cable drums thus corresponds to the number of hoisting ropes.

As a hoist rope in this document, a rope is referred to, which contributes to the lifting of the container or other load and consistently between the wound on the respective cable drum end and a remote from the cable drum end of the hoisting rope, which is anchored to a component runs. The term "rope" or "hoisting rope" also includes bands or chains besides a rope. The entirety of the hoisting ropes forms the so-called rope shaft (also called rope tower), which extends between the trolley and the load-carrying device. The cable shaft is that structure which carries the load-carrying device and the optionally attached container or other load. The geometry of the cable shaft, depends on the relative position of the load bearing device in relation to the trolley.

In case of failure of one of the at least eight hoisting ropes, e.g. by a crack of a hoist rope, the transport device with the remaining hoisting ropes can still be safely operated without the stability of the cable shaft and the safety of the transport device is substantially reduced.

Preferably, it is provided that the load-receiving device has two opposite longitudinal sides and two, aligned to the longitudinal sides, opposite end faces, wherein attack on each of the end sides and sides at least two of the hoisting ropes, and each attacking on the same end side hoisting ropes, in one direction Seen parallel to the longitudinal sides, at least form a crossing point and / or that in each case the attacking on the same longitudinal side hoisting ropes, seen in a direction parallel to the end faces, at least form a crossing point.

Due to the crossed arrangement of two each attacking on the same longitudinal or front side of the load-lifting hoist ropes, the stability of the cable shaft or the transport device can be increased. Although a hoisting rope can essentially only absorb forces in the direction of the hoisting rope course, with the said crossed arrangement of two hoisting cables, in each case, oscillating movements of the load receiving device due to dynamic processes (acceleration processes, wind, etc.) can be reduced.

It is expediently provided that at least one of the hoisting ropes, preferably each hoisting rope, is deflected on the load receiving device by means of a deflection roller and the end of the hoisting rope facing away from the cable drum on the trolley is anchored. By deflecting the hoist rope the effective rope forces in the hoist rope are reduced, since a kind of pulley is realized. The deflection of the rope on the pulley could also be referred to as a shearing of the hoisting rope or double guidance of the hoist rope. Due to the reduced rope forces, it is possible to choose a smaller rope diameter. It can also be conveniently realized a smaller diameter of the cable drum. Due to the smaller cable forces and the necessary torques for driving a respective cable drum are smaller. The remote from the cable drum end of the hoisting rope is conveniently anchored or fixed by means of a Seilendverbinders to the trolley. Such cable end connectors are well known.

Particularly preferably, it is provided that the transport device, preferably for each hoisting rope, has at least one measuring device for determining the cable force acting in one of the hoisting ropes, preferably in the respective hoisting rope. As a rope force that force is referred to, with which is pulled on the hoisting rope, so that force with which the rope is stretched and which acts in the rope longitudinal direction. The rope force is variable and depends on the static conditions (dead weight of the load-carrying device, weight of the rope, net weight of the container or other load) and the dynamic boundary conditions, such. the instantaneous acceleration of the load bearing device, attacking wind forces, etc. from.

The life of a hoist rope depends largely on the rope forces occurring. Based on the measurement of the cable force by means of the measuring device, the instantaneous load of the respective hoisting cable can be determined. In preferred embodiment variants, the information about the cable force acting in the respective hoisting cable can be used to control and / or regulate the overall movement of the transport device or the load receiving device. An imminent overload of a hoist can be detected immediately, for example, if the container or the load-bearing device collides with other obstacles, and be prevented by appropriate control of the cable drums.

It is advantageously provided that each cable drum is driven individually by its own motor, preferably an electric motor. By means of a "common electric wave", the individual cable drums can be driven synchronously, as is necessary, for example, when lifting the load-carrying device in the stroke direction (= vertical). The motors conveniently have sensors, e.g. Incremental encoder or resolver, which detect the angular position of the respective motor shaft. By an appropriate control or regulation, an angle-faithful rotation of the motor shafts of all motors can be realized. The individual motors can also be controlled independently of one another, as is possible with electric motors, with particular advantage.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is also conceivable and possible that at least two cable drums are driven by a common motor, with a corresponding controllable or adjustable transmission for individually setting the speed and direction of each cable drum is provided.

It is preferably provided that the measuring device for measuring the cable force is arranged on a torque arm of a transmission, wherein the transmission between the cable drum and the motor acts. The drive torque or the rotational movements are generated by the engine and transmitted via the transmission to the respective cable drum. The torque arm serves to support the gear housing on the trolley of the crane and prevents rotation of the gear housing during operation. For this purpose, a torque arm usually has a lever, which is connected for example by means of a bolt with the trolley. By measuring the supporting forces of the torque arm introduced into the supporting structure of the trolley, the effective torques in the drive train or the rope forces acting in the respective hoisting cable can be determined. The arranged on the torque arm measuring device could for example have a force pin or a load cell. Also the use of others in the State of the art per se known force or torque measuring devices is conceivable and possible.

In an alternative embodiment of the measuring device can be provided that the measuring device is arranged to detect the cable force at a remote from the cable drum end of the hoisting rope.

The present invention also provides a crane, preferably a gantry crane, with at least one transport device according to the invention. The trolley of the transport device is conveniently movable with wheels on rails of a main carrier (= crane carrier) of the crane.

The invention further provides a method for transporting at least one container or other load by means of a transport device according to the invention, wherein a translational and / or rotational movement of at least one hanging on the load receiving device container or other load, preferably in six degrees of freedom, exclusively by a corresponding winding and unwinding of the hoisting ropes of the transport device takes place on the respective cable drum and the cable drums are driven accordingly.

In addition to translational movements, it is thus also advantageously possible to carry out rotary movements primarily around an imaginary vertical but also about an imaginary horizontal axis of rotation for fine positioning of the load receiving device or of the container or of the other load. These rotational movements are also referred to in the jargon as skew, trim and cunning movements. By appropriate coordination of the direction of rotation and / or the speed of each cable drums, conveniently all six degrees of freedom of a container can be achieved only by individual drive of the cable drums. The six degrees of freedom refer to movements in three independent directions (= translation) and rotations into three independent planes (= rotation).

In a further method according to the invention for transporting a container or other load by means of a transport device according to the invention, it is provided that the cable forces of at least one hoist rope, preferably each hoist rope, are measured to avoid an overload and the hoist drums are individually driven independently of each other or individually become. In particular, it can be provided to drive the individual cable drums as required with different or even equal angular accelerations and / or speeds and / or torques.

Conveniently, the rope forces are determined in a measuring position in which the container or other load is suspended freely. Based on the determined rope forces then a default value for a maximum allowable angular acceleration and / or a default value for a maximum speed of the respective cable drum can be selected. Conveniently, it can be provided that the other crane drives for coarse positioning of the container or the other load with respect to the maximum travel speed and / or the maximum acceleration depending on the actual measured cable forces can be limited.

In addition or instead, it can be provided in a further method that the instantaneous cable force of a hoist rope is monitored during the entire movement of the container, or the other load, and the rope drums are controlled as a function of the instantaneous cable force. It is thus e.g. possible to detect suddenly occurring dynamic forces and to reduce or compensate for them by an appropriate reaction, so as to avoid an overload in the hoisting rope or in the hoisting ropes.

In a further inventive method, it is conceivable and possible to select the position or orientation of a container with respect to the trolley such that the amount of rope forces of the respective hoisting ropes can be matched to each other. Especially with unevenly heavy containers (whose Center of gravity is eccentric), it is possible to better distribute the load on the different hoisting ropes, to choose the travel speed of the crane accordingly and to increase the life of the hoisting ropes.

Of course, the various methods mentioned above can also be combined with each other.

• Fig. 1 eine isometrische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Transporteinrichtung;
• Fig. 2 die Transporteinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Ansicht auf die Längsseite des Containers gesehen;
• Fig. 3 die Transporteinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Ansicht auf die Stirnseite des Containers gesehen;
• Fig. 4 die Transporteinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 in der Draufsicht;
• Fig. 5 eine isometrische Ansicht der Transporteinrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 von unten gesehen;
• Fig. 6 das Detail A gemäß Fig. 5;
• Fig. 7 einen Portalkran mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Transporteinrichtung mit angehobener Lastaufnahmevorrichtung, und
• Fig. 8 den Portalkran gemäß Fig. 7 mit einer abgesenkten Lastaufnahmevorrichtung.

Further features and details of preferred embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the embodiment of a transport device according to the invention and a crane according to the invention shown in FIGS. Show it:

• Fig. 1 an isometric view of a transport device according to the invention;
• Fig. 2 the transport device according to Fig. 1 seen in a view on the long side of the container;
• Fig. 3 the transport device according to Fig. 1 seen in a view on the front of the container;
• Fig. 4 the transport device according to Fig. 1 in the plan view;
• Fig. 5 an isometric view of the transport device according to Fig. 1 seen from below;
• Fig. 6 the detail A according to Fig. 5 ;
• Fig. 7 a gantry crane with a transport device according to the invention with raised load-receiving device, and
• Fig. 8 the gantry crane according to Fig. 7 with a lowered load bearing device.

For clarity, not all components in all figures are provided with a reference numeral.

The transport device 1 has a trolley 2 and a load receiving device 3. The load receiving device 3 is used to attach a container 31 and for this purpose has a plurality of known connection devices 14. These connecting devices 14 are also called "pinball machines". The Load-receiving device 3 is suspended with eight hoisting ropes 20-27 on the trolley 2 and can be moved relative to the trolley 2 by lengthening or shortening the free length of the respective hoist rope 20-27.

The hoisting ropes 20-27 are individually aufwickelbar or wound up on the trolley 2 rotatably mounted cable drums 4. The number of cable drums 4 thus corresponds to the number of hoisting ropes 20-27. All cable drums 4 are individually or independently drivable with different or equal speeds and / or in different or identical directions of rotation. Each of the cable drums 4 is driven by a separate motor 5 in the embodiment. It is expediently provided that at least two of the cable drums 4 have axes of rotation 17 aligned parallel to one another. In the exemplary embodiment, the axes of rotation 17 of each four of the cable drums 4 are aligned parallel to one another.

The motors 5 are formed in the embodiment as an electric motor and each combined with a gear 6. Such combinations are also referred to as a geared motor. The motors 5 are independently controllable, i. the different motors 5 can have different or identical rotational speeds and / or different or identical rotational directions at the same time. It is also possible to apply the cable drums 4 with different, generated by the respective motor 5, torques.

Each of the hoisting ropes 20-27 is deflected in the embodiment of the load receiving device 3 by means of a guide roller 12. The remote from the cable drum 4 end of each hoist rope 20-27 is anchored by means of a cable end connection 16 to the trolley 2. The deflected at the pulley 12 cable sections of a hoisting rope 20-27 extend between the guide roller 12 and the trolley 2 in substantially the same direction. By the term "substantially" is meant in this context an angular deviation of the deflected cable sections of at most 30 °, preferably less than 20 °.

Due to the double guidance of each hoist rope 20-27 (= shearing) the rope forces acting in a respective hoist rope 20-27 are halved compared to a simple guide, for which reason the diameter of the hoisting ropes 20-27 can be made smaller. The torques required for rotating the cable drum 4 are also smaller, as a result of which smaller motors 5 or gear 6 can be used. It is thereby also possible to choose rope drums 4 with a smaller diameter.

The load-bearing device 3, seen in plan view, has a substantially rectangular contour, i. it has two opposite longitudinal sides 7, 8 and normal to the longitudinal sides 7, 8 aligned, opposite end faces 9, 10. The longitudinal sides 7, 8 and the end faces 9, 10 are conveniently parallel to the longitudinal sides 34 and the end faces 35 of the load receiving device 3 mounted container 31 aligned. In the exemplary embodiment, two guide rollers 12 are arranged on the longitudinal sides 7, 8 and end faces 9, 10 and mounted rotatably relative to the load receiving device 3. In each case two of the hoisting ropes 20-27 engage on the respective deflection rollers 12 on each of the end faces 9, 10 and longitudinal sides 7, 8.

In the exemplary embodiment, the lifting cables 20, 21 and 20, 23 acting on the same front side 9, 10, seen in a direction parallel to the longitudinal sides 7, 8, four crossing points 11, see. Fig. 3 , The on the same longitudinal side 7, 8 attacking hoisting ropes 24, 25 and 26, 27 form, seen in a direction parallel to the end faces 9, 10, four crossing points 11. By crossing over each on the same longitudinal side 7, 8 or end face. 9 , 10 attacking hoisting ropes 20-27, a high stability of the cable shafts formed by the hoisting ropes 20-27 of the transport device 1 can be achieved. Since ropes can transmit mainly forces in the rope longitudinal direction, this entangled arrangement of the hoisting ropes 20-27 is favorable. In addition, it is possible to drive on relatively narrow container lanes with the transport device 1, cf. Fig. 8 , If the deflection rollers 12 are dispensed with and each hoist rope 20-27 is guided only one at a time, then, instead of four, only one intersection point results in the case of two intersecting hoisting ropes.

For lifting and lowering of the container 31 and the load receiving device 3 in the vertical direction, the cable drums 4, if necessary, apart from the present invention possible fine adjustment, driven synchronously by the motors 5. This prevents tilting of the container 31 or of the load-receiving device 3 during the lifting and lowering movement. The rotational speed of a respective motor 5 is detected by means of corresponding sensors and adjusted with the other motors 5. This synchronous operation of several independent motors 5 is also referred to as "common electric shaft".

In addition to the synchronous operation of the cable drums 4, according to the invention, an independent drive of the cable drums 4 is possible, so that apart from or during the lifting and lowering movement also a fine positioning of the load receiving device 3 is made possible in further degrees of freedom.

In Fig. 2 are possible directions of movement of the load receiving device 3 referred to a view of the long side 34 of the container 31 located. For a movement of the load receiving device 3 or the container 31 in the first direction 40 (= lifting direction) all cable drums 4, as already explained, at least substantially synchronously driven and the respective hoisting ropes 20-27 wound substantially synchronously on the respective cable drums 4 ,

For movement in the second direction 41, the cable drums 4 are driven individually. While a longitudinal portion of a respective hoist rope 24, 26 unwound from the corresponding cable drums 4 and a longitudinal portion of the respective hoist rope 25, 27 wound on the corresponding cable drum 4, the load receiving device 3 and the container 31 moves in the second direction 41. The hoisting ropes 20 to 23 are proportionately up or unwound to avoid overload or sagging of the individual hoisting ropes.

In addition to the purely translational movements in the first direction 40 and the second direction 41, any combination of these directions is conceivable and possible. Of course, the load receiving device 3 can also be moved in the corresponding opposite direction to the first direction 40 and the second direction 41. The directions of rotation of the cable drums 4 are then reversed accordingly.

In addition, it is provided in the exemplary embodiment that the load receiving device 3 or the container 31 can be pivoted in a pivoting direction 42 (= rotational movement). By appropriate coordination of the movement of the cable drums 4, this movement can be achieved in the pivoting direction 42. The hoisting ropes 20, 21 are partially unwound from the respective cable drum 4, while the hoisting ropes 22, 23 are partly wound onto the corresponding cable drum 4. The hoisting ropes 22, 26 and 25, 27 are respectively wound up and unwound to perform the pivotal movement without loosening or overloading of the corresponding hoisting ropes. A pivoting movement in the opposite direction of the pivoting direction 42 is also possible. Also, the pivoting movement in or against the pivoting direction 42 can be superimposed in any manner with the translational movement in the first direction 40 and the second direction 41.

Analogously, as this is based on the Fig. 2 has been explained for the view on the long side 34 of the container 31, is also a possibility of movement of the load receiving device 3 with respect to the view on the end face 35 of the container 31, and a view of the front side 9 of the load receiving device 3, realized, cf. Fig. 3 , Again, translational movements in or against the first direction 40 and / or against the third direction 43 and a pivoting movement in or against the pivoting direction 44 (= rotary movement) about an axis of the container 31 and the load receiving device 3 by selectively driving the respective Cable drums 4 of the hoisting ropes 20-27 possible.

A pivoting of the load receiving device 3 about the vertical axis of the transport device 1, in or against the pivoting direction 45, is correspondingly feasible, cf. Fig. 4 ,

Conveniently, so the load receiving device 3 and the container 31 can be moved arbitrarily in six degrees of freedom, as is also provided in the embodiment. Since the fine positioning of the load receiving device 3 can be made with the hoisting ropes 20-27, can be dispensed with an intermediate frame and known in the prior art additional drives for fine positioning. Overall, it is thus conveniently possible to save up to a third of the mass of the load-receiving device 3 in comparison to the known from the prior art load-carrying device.

In the exemplary embodiment, the cable force acting in the respective hoisting rope 20-27 is measured by means of a respective measuring device 13. The measuring device 13 is arranged in each case on a torque arm of the transmission 6 of the geared motor. The gear 6 acts between the respective cable drum 4 and the respective motor 5. In Fig. 6 the torque arm of the transmission 6 is covered by the cable drum 4. The torque support is used to support the housing of the transmission 6 and the geared motor on the trolley 2. The differential torque from the input and output side of the transmission 6 are introduced via the torque arm in the support structure of the trolley 2 and so a rotation of the transmission 6 during operation prevented. By arranging a force measuring bolt of the measuring device 13 on the torque arm, between torque arm and trolley 2, the instantaneous forces and torques can be determined and thus closed back to the currently effective rope forces in the hoisting ropes 20-27. Such measuring devices 13 are well known. In other embodiments, the measuring device 13 could also have a load cell or a pressure cell arranged on the torque support, which makes it possible to draw conclusions about the differential torques or the effective cable forces.

Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible for a respective measuring device 13 to detect the cable force at an end of the cable drum 4 facing away from the cable drum 4 respective hoisting rope 20-27 is arranged. Such a measuring device 13 could, as is provided in the exemplary embodiment, be arranged in the region of the cable end connector 16, cf. Fig. 6 ,

The effective rope forces in the hoisting ropes 20-27 can be determined in a measuring position of the transport device 1, in which the load receiving device 3 is suspended freely. For unbalanced loads, i. especially in unevenly loaded containers 31, very different rope forces can occur in the hoisting ropes 20-27. In order to avoid overloading individual hoisting ropes 20-27 during transport of the container 31, the maximum acceleration of the container and / or the maximum traversing speed in dependence on the rope forces measured in the measuring position is advantageously limited. By independently driven cable drums 4, it is also possible to achieve an approximation of the effective in the hoisting ropes 20-27 rope forces by the load is divided by fine positioning of the load receiving device according to the attacking hoisting ropes 20-27.

In the embodiment, it is also provided that the load receiving device 3 and the container 31 can be moved in its orientation by means of independently drivable cable drums 4 to even in particular unevenly loaded containers 31 different cable forces in the hoisting ropes 20-27 to even further or to distribute the load on the hoisting ropes 20-27.

The approximation of the rope forces in the hoisting ropes 20-27 is advantageously carried out during the entire movement of the container 31 and the load receiving device 3. Also dynamically occurring loads of the individual hoisting ropes 20-27, eg due to suddenly on the container 31 or on the load receiving device 3 attacking wind forces , can be compensated by an approximation of the rope forces.

By using at least eight hoisting ropes 20-27, it is also possible that the remaining seven hoist ropes take on the rope of one of the hoisting ropes 20-27, the load of the container 31 and thus a high reliability of the transport device 1 is achieved without a significant Reduction of the stability of the cable shaft occurs.

The transport device 1 is in the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8 used on a crane 30 designed as a gantry crane. The trolley 2 of the transport device 1 is movable along a main carrier 33 of the crane 30. For this purpose, the trolley 2 wheels 15 which roll on guide rails of the main carrier 33, not shown. The entire crane 30 is movable on crane rails 32 in the longitudinal direction of the crane rails 32. The movement in the direction of the crane rails 32 and along the main carrier 33 serves for the coarse positioning of the transport device 1.

In the exemplary embodiment it is provided that a respective hoist rope is deflected at a deflection roller 12. It is also conceivable and possible that a respective hoist rope is fixedly anchored to the load receiving device 3 by means of a cable end connection. Even with an anchorage of the hoisting ropes on the load-carrying device, the hoisting ropes acting on the same longitudinal or end side of the load-carrying device advantageously cross each other, wherein the hoisting ropes acting on the same longitudinal or end face form a single intersection point.

The load-carrying device 3 could, in certain embodiments, additionally comprise a pivoting unit for pivoting the container by greater angles, e.g. 90 ° or more.

In contrast to the embodiment shown, it is conceivable and possible that in each case at least two cable drums are driven by a common motor. Via a variable transmission, the rope drums could then be driven individually in different directions of rotation and / or at different speeds.

The transport device according to the invention can also be adapted for other loads. It is not limited to the transport of containers.

The transport device 1 could be used in other embodiments also on a bridge crane or another crane. Legend to the reference numbers: 1 transport means 22 hoist rope 2 trolley 23 hoist rope 3 Load bearing device 24 hoist rope 4 cable drum 25 hoist rope 5 engine 26 hoist rope 6 transmission 27 hoist rope 7 long side 30 crane 8th long side 31 Container 9 front 32 crane rail 10 front 33 main carrier 11 intersection 34 long side 12 idler pulley 35 front 13 measuring device 40 first direction 14 connecting device 41 second direction 15 Wheel 42 pan direction 16 cable end 43 third direction 17 axis of rotation 44 pan direction 20 hoist rope 45 pan direction 21 hoist rope

Claims (10)

1. A transport device (1) for transporting at least one container (31) or other load, wherein the transport device (1) has at least one trolley (2) and at least one load suspension device (3) and at least eight hoist cables (20-27), and the load suspension device (3) has connecting devices (14) for securing the container (31) or other load and is liftably and lowerably suspended on the trolley (2) by means of the hoist cables (20-27), wherein the hoist cables (20-27) can be wound on cable drums (4) rotatably mounted on the trolley (2), and each hoist cable (20-27) can be wound, and/or is at least partially wound, on a separate cable drum (4), characterised in that the rotational speed and/or the direction of rotation for all cable drums (4) is individually adjustable in each case.
2. The transport device (1) according to Claim 1, characterised in that the load suspension device (3) has two mutually opposing longitudinal sides (7, 8) and two mutually opposing end sides (9, 10) aligned normally to the longitudinal sides (7, 8), wherein at least two of the hoist cables (20-27) act on each of the end sides (9, 10) and longitudinal sides (7, 8) and the hoist cables (20, 21; 22, 23) acting on the same end side (9, 10), as seen in a direction parallel to the longitudinal sides (7, 8), form at least one intersection point (11) in each case and/or in that the hoist cables (24, 25; 26, 27) acting on the same longitudinal side (7, 8), as seen in a direction parallel to the end sides (9, 10), form at least one intersection point (11) in each case.
3. The transport device (1) according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one of the hoist cables (20-27), preferably each hoist cable (20-27), is deflected at the load suspension device (3) by means of a deflection pulley (12) and the end of the hoist cable (20-27) which is remote from the cable drum (4) is anchored on the trolley (2).
4. The transport device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the transport device (1) has, preferably for each hoist cable (20-27), at least one measuring device (13) for determining the cable force acting in one of the hoist cables (20-27), preferably in the respective hoist cable (20-27).
5. The transport device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that each cable drum (4) is driven individually by a separate motor (5), preferably an electric motor.
6. The transport device (1) according to Claim 4 and 5, characterised in that the measuring device (13) is arranged on a torque support of a gear (6), wherein the gear (6) acts between the cable drum (4) and the motor (5).
7. The transport device (1) according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the measuring device (13) for detecting the cable force is arranged on an end of the hoist cable (20-27) which is remote from the cable drum (4) .
8. A method for transporting at least one container (31) or other load by means of a transport device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein a translatory and/or rotatory movement of at least one container (31) or other load suspended on the load suspension device (3) preferably takes place in six degrees of freedom, exclusively via a corresponding winding and unwinding of the hoist cables (20-27) of the transport device (1) on the respective cable drum (4), and the cable drums (4) are driven accordingly for this purpose.
9. The method for transporting at least one container (31) or other load by means of a transport device (1) according to one of Claims 4 to 7, wherein the cable forces of at least one hoist cable (20-27), preferably each hoist cable (20-27), are measured to prevent an overload, and the cable drums (4) are accordingly driven individually, independently of one another.
10. A crane (30), preferably a gantry crane, having at least one transport device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7.

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