EP2839499B1 - Eclateur - Google Patents

Eclateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2839499B1
EP2839499B1 EP12729934.5A EP12729934A EP2839499B1 EP 2839499 B1 EP2839499 B1 EP 2839499B1 EP 12729934 A EP12729934 A EP 12729934A EP 2839499 B1 EP2839499 B1 EP 2839499B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark gap
anode
useful
cathode
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12729934.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2839499A1 (fr
Inventor
Oliver Heid
Timothy Hughes
Jennifer SIRTL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2839499A1 publication Critical patent/EP2839499A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2839499B1 publication Critical patent/EP2839499B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/025—X-ray tubes with structurally associated circuit elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/16—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/22—X-ray tubes specially designed for passing a very high current for a very short time, e.g. for flash operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/02—Electrical arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark gap with an anode and a cathode.
  • a spark gap of the type specified is, for example, in the DE 2 259 382 described.
  • This is an X-ray source which uses a spark gap to generate X-radiation.
  • the spark gap consists of an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode is used as a target for the generation of the X-radiation.
  • the X-radiation is produced when an arc is ignited in the spark gap, which excites the target to emit X-ray radiation.
  • a spark gap can be divided into a high pressure spark gap and a useful spark gap which are interconnected by a center piece.
  • the useful spark gap is formed between the center piece and an anode, wherein the center piece and the anode are connected to one another via an electrical resistor.
  • Such an arrangement is also in the post-published WO 2013/178292 A1 described, wherein the high-pressure spark gap and the Nutz-spark gap are housed in a common housing.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a spark gap with which a possible defined ignition point can be realized.
  • the spark gap has a high-pressure spark gap and a useful spark gap, which are connected by a center piece.
  • the spark gap between the cathode and the center piece is formed.
  • the middle piece is connected to the anode via a line in which an electrical resistance is provided.
  • the useful spark gap is formed between the middle piece and the anode.
  • the arrangement of the high-pressure spark gap and the useful spark gap is a series connection. However, the middle piece is over the resistance with the anode connected. To ignite the useful spark gap, a rising voltage is applied to the entire arrangement. Since the high-pressure spark gap is filled with a gas which is under high pressure, a comparatively high flashover potential is ensured here. While the voltage rises, there is still no switching-relevant differential potential at the useful spark gap, since this is connected to the center piece, which at this time equates to a connection to ground. As soon as the comparatively defined switching point of the high-pressure spark gap is reached, it ignites. The breakdown in the high-pressure spark gap then forms an arc which equates to a low-impedance connection of the cathode to the center piece.
  • the resistance is 100 to 1000 M ⁇ . This ensures that a switching of the useful spark gap takes place, because the applied voltage can not be reduced due to the high resistance via the line that connects the center piece with the anode.
  • the useful spark gap is provided for generating X-radiation.
  • the anode is used as the target for generating the X-ray radiation.
  • the X-ray radiation can be made available at a defined time switching point. This is an important requirement for various applications.
  • the X-ray radiation can be used for imaging methods - for example in a flash X-ray source.
  • monochromatic X-ray radiation can be generated with the anode.
  • Monochromatic X-ray radiation can be produced, for example, if a very thin metal foil, for example made of aluminum or another light metal, is used as the target.
  • the lanthanides can also be used as the target material.
  • the metals and their alloys are to be referred to, whose density is below 5 g / cm 3 .
  • this definition applies to the following light metals: all alkali metals, all alkaline earth metals except radium, as well as scandium, yttrium, titanium and aluminum.
  • Other advantageous material groups for forming the target are tungsten, molybdenum and the group of lanthanides. Specifically, this is the element lanthanum, the 14 elements following the lanthanum in the periodic table.
  • the useful spark gap is housed in an evacuable housing, in which a transparent window for X-ray radiation is provided and from which the X-ray radiation can be coupled out.
  • the collector serves to electrostatically decelerate the electron current accelerated by the anode, thereby depriving it of kinetic energy so far that when the electrons strike the collector, the kinetic energy is below the level required to produce bremsstrahlung. In this way, the parasitic generation of broadband Bremsstrahlung is avoided, which would otherwise superimpose the monochromatic, characteristic radiation generated by the anode.
  • the anode, the middle piece and the cathode are arranged coaxially. Moreover, it is advantageous if the anode, the center piece and the cathode are formed centrally symmetrical to the common axis. As a result, the formation of inductances is minimized, which would adversely affect the temporal pulse behavior of the spark gaps (rise time of the pulse current).
  • FIG. 1 the structure of the spark gap according to the invention becomes clear.
  • This has an anode 11 and a cathode 12. Between the anode 11 and the cathode 12, a center piece 13 is connected, so that two spark gaps, namely a high-pressure spark gap 14 and a useful spark gap 15, arise.
  • the center piece 13 forms the cathode.
  • filling gases for the high-pressure spark gap noble gases can be used as filling gases.
  • the high-pressure spark gap shows the defined switching behavior 18, wherein at a defined voltage increase U with known slope of the switching point is reached after a defined time t. With the switching point (t s / U s ), the switching time of the useful spark gap can be predicted relatively accurately.
  • the center piece 13 has cathode potential in the switching instant of the spark plug 14.
  • the resistor 17 is now the full voltage between the cathode and anode.
  • a current defined by the resistance of resistor 17 flows through the resistor.
  • the parasitic inductances of the resistor 17 additionally reduce the system-related current flow through the resistor 17. Due to the steep rise in voltage between the intermediate piece 13 and the anode 11, the rollover behavior of the useful spark gap 15 is influenced so positively that at the rollover time of the useful spark gap 15 a significantly higher voltage is applied than would be possible by a conventional ignition with a low voltage gradient.
  • the circuit of the useful spark gap 15 at time t s is approximately t 0 , since the voltage rise is extremely steep due to the low inductance of the arrangement.
  • the necessary switching potential U s of the useful spark gap 15 is significantly exceeded by the extremely steep voltage gradient.
  • the arrangement of the anode 12, the center piece 13, the cathode 11 and a collector 21 is constructed coaxially.
  • all these components are also centrally symmetrical to the common axis 22 of the coaxial structure.
  • the high-pressure spark gap is housed in a first housing 23, wherein the first housing can be filled with a suitable working gas with the required pressure (filling device not shown in detail).
  • the useful spark gap 15 is located together with the collector 21 in a second housing 24 which is evacuated.
  • This second housing also has a window 25, can be coupled by the X-ray radiation 26 from the housing and fed to an application.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Eclateur comprenant une anode (11) constituée comme cible pour la production de rayonnement X et une cathode (12), dans lequel
    • l'éclateur a un éclateur (14) de haute pression et un éclateur (15) utile, qui sont reliés entre eux par une pièce (13) intermédiaire,
    • l'éclateur (14) de haute pression est constitué entre la cathode (12) et la pièce (13) intermédiaire,
    • la pièce (13) intermédiaire est reliée à l'anode (11) par une ligne (16), dans laquelle est prévue une résistance (17) électrique et
    • l'éclateur (15) utile est constitué entre la pièce (13) intermédiaire et l'anode (11),
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'éclateur (14) de haute pression est logé dans un premier boîtier (23) et l'éclateur utile est logé dans un deuxième boîtier (24), dans lequel on peut faire le vide, dans lequel est prévu également l'anode (11) sous la forme d'une feuille métallique et un collecteur (21) et duquel peut sortir le rayonnement X.
  2. Eclateur suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la résistance a une valeur de 100 à 1000 MΩ.
  3. Eclateur suivant la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la résistance a une inductance linéique.
  4. Eclateur suivant la revendication 1, 2 ou 3,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'anode (11) est conformée en une matière cible en une feuille métallique d'aluminium ou en un autre métal léger d'une masse volumique inférieure à 5 g/cm3.
  5. Eclateur suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'anode (11), la pièce (13) intermédiaire et la cathode (12) sont disposées coaxialement.
  6. Eclateur suivant la revendication 5,
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'anode (11), la pièce (13) intermédiaire et la cathode (12) sont disposées à symétrie centrale par rapport à l'axe commun.
EP12729934.5A 2012-06-14 2012-06-14 Eclateur Not-in-force EP2839499B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2012/061298 WO2013185824A1 (fr) 2012-06-14 2012-06-14 Eclateur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2839499A1 EP2839499A1 (fr) 2015-02-25
EP2839499B1 true EP2839499B1 (fr) 2017-03-22

Family

ID=46384350

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12729934.5A Not-in-force EP2839499B1 (fr) 2012-06-14 2012-06-14 Eclateur

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9679737B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2839499B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2015526838A (fr)
KR (1) KR101689486B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104364875B (fr)
RU (1) RU2608364C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013185824A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2654493C1 (ru) * 2017-03-06 2018-05-21 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" Вакуумный разрядник
RU2654494C1 (ru) * 2017-03-10 2018-05-21 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" Вакуумный искровой разрядник
RU200561U1 (ru) * 2019-12-09 2020-10-29 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" Управляемый вакуумный разрядник
RU196930U1 (ru) * 2019-12-09 2020-03-23 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" Малогабаритный двухсекционный управляемый вакуумный разрядник
US20230293394A1 (en) 2021-09-07 2023-09-21 Nihon Kolmar Co., Ltd. Topical composition for nanobubble cosmetic

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013178292A1 (fr) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Éclateur comprenant un accumulateur d'énergie capacitif

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US656667A (en) 1899-11-27 1900-08-28 Wolfgang Schmid Flexible metal pipe-coupling.
US1283318A (en) 1918-09-03 1918-10-29 Henry Ruschmeyer Spring-bed support.
US3475646A (en) 1967-04-10 1969-10-28 Everett Chapman Spark gap light source for impact photoelasticity
FR2075303A5 (fr) 1970-01-08 1971-10-08 Tsukerman Veniamin
GB1443048A (en) 1972-12-05 1976-07-21 Strahlen Umweltforsch Gmbh X-ray source
JPH01225218A (ja) * 1988-03-04 1989-09-08 Hitachi Ltd 真空トリガギヤツプ
US5199054A (en) * 1990-08-30 1993-03-30 Four Pi Systems Corporation Method and apparatus for high resolution inspection of electronic items
JP3500079B2 (ja) * 1998-11-10 2004-02-23 日新電機株式会社 方形波電源装置
ES2222447T3 (es) 2002-04-11 2005-02-01 OBO BETTERMANN GMBH & CO. KG. Descargador de sobretensiones.
JP5468911B2 (ja) 2010-01-05 2014-04-09 株式会社日立メディコ Ｘ線管装置及びそれを用いたｘ線ｃｔ装置

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013178292A1 (fr) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Éclateur comprenant un accumulateur d'énergie capacitif

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9679737B2 (en) 2017-06-13
US20150187539A1 (en) 2015-07-02
KR20150023015A (ko) 2015-03-04
CN104364875A (zh) 2015-02-18
EP2839499A1 (fr) 2015-02-25
CN104364875B (zh) 2017-05-03
RU2015100885A (ru) 2016-08-10
WO2013185824A1 (fr) 2013-12-19
RU2608364C2 (ru) 2017-01-18
JP2015526838A (ja) 2015-09-10
KR101689486B1 (ko) 2016-12-23

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