EP2837898B1 - Klimatisierungssystem - Google Patents

Klimatisierungssystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2837898B1
EP2837898B1 EP12872714.6A EP12872714A EP2837898B1 EP 2837898 B1 EP2837898 B1 EP 2837898B1 EP 12872714 A EP12872714 A EP 12872714A EP 2837898 B1 EP2837898 B1 EP 2837898B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
indoor
heat
heat exchanger
source device
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Application number
EP12872714.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2837898A4 (de
EP2837898A1 (de
Inventor
Yohei Kato
Koji Matsuzawa
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0003—Exclusively-fluid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/85—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/20—Heat-exchange fluid temperature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air-conditioning system.
  • an air-conditioning system that generates cold water or warm water by using a heat source device, such as a heat pump, and conveys the cold water or warm water to an indoor unit by using a water pump so as to cool or heat a room.
  • An air-conditioning system of this type generally employs a method of delivering water at a constant water temperature regardless of the load, such as supplying, to the indoor unit, cold water at 16 degrees C during cooling operation and warm water at 35 degrees C during heating operation.
  • the operation is performed intermittently by repeating activation and stoppage by, for example, stopping a heat source device when the room temperature reaches a preset value or stopping the supply of water to the indoor unit by using a three-way valve. This leads to impaired comfortability and, in turn, to decreased operation efficiency.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses a control method in which a target water temperature (i.e., a target outlet water temperature of a heat source device) of water to be supplied to each indoor unit from the heat source device is reset based on a deviation between a preset temperature (i.e., a target indoor temperature) set by a user and the current indoor temperature.
  • a target water temperature i.e., a target outlet water temperature of a heat source device
  • a preset temperature i.e., a target indoor temperature
  • JP 2004 293844 A relates to an air conditioning equipment according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the air conditioning equipment comprises a computer for calculating the optimum, having a simulation model of the air conditioning equipment and calculating the optimum control target value of the lowest running cost of the entire air conditioning equipment on the basis of the simulation, and a monitoring controlling device receiving the data from the computer for calculating the optimum, and controlling the air conditioning equipment, and performs the optimum control for the energy saving to minimize the running cost of the entire air conditioning equipment.
  • this air conditioning equipment comprises differential pressure gages on a cooling coil and between cold water (cooling water) inlet and outlet ports of a heat exchanger of a refrigerating machine to determine a flow rate of the cold water (cooling water) on the basis of the pressure difference, whereby the air conditioning equipment of low initial cost, capable of performing the optimum control for energy saving can be provided.
  • the practical air conditioning equipment of low initial cost capable of operating the air conditioning equipment by the optimum operation method to minimize the total running cost of the entire air conditioning equipment can be provided.
  • Patent Literature 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2007-212085 ( Figs. 3 and 4 )
  • the target water temperature in view of the outdoor air temperature in addition to the deviation between the preset temperature and the indoor temperature.
  • the outdoor air temperature is low and the difference between the preset temperature and the outdoor air temperature is large, the indoor load for satisfying the preset temperature is large.
  • the outdoor air temperature is high, the indoor load is small because the difference between the preset temperature and the outdoor air temperature is small.
  • the amount of heat to be supplied to the rooms in which the indoor units are installed varies. Therefore, unless a representative indoor unit is properly set, the amount of heat becomes excessive in one room while the amount of heat becomes insufficient in another room, thus resulting in impaired comfortability.
  • the amount of heat exchange in an indoor heat exchanger of each indoor unit can be controlled based on the flow rate of water flowing to the indoor heat exchanger.
  • the water flow rate cannot be increased any further. Therefore, in order to make the indoor temperature equal to the preset temperature in the indoor unit in which the water flow rate has reached its upper limit, the outlet water temperature of the heat source device needs to be changed.
  • Patent Literature 1 does not discuss this point.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the circumstances described above, and has as its object to provide an air-conditioning system in which, when determining a target outlet water temperature of a heat source device, a representative indoor unit is properly selected and the target outlet water temperature of the heat source device is determined in accordance with the indoor load in the selected representative indoor unit, so that high operation efficiency can be achieved without impairing comfortability.
  • An air-conditioning system includes a heat medium circuit that includes a heat source device whose capacity is variable and a plurality of indoor heat exchangers and that is configured to perform at least one of cooling and heating by circulating a heat medium through the heat source device and the plurality of indoor heat exchangers; a heat-medium conveying device configured to convey the heat medium to the heat medium circuit; a heat-source-device outlet temperature detector configured to detect a temperature of the heat medium flowing out of the heat source device; a plurality of flow control devices configured to control flow rates of streams of the heat medium individually passing through the plurality of indoor heat exchangers; a plurality of inlet heat-medium temperature detectors configured to detect temperatures of the streams of the heat medium individually flowing into the plurality of indoor heat exchangers; a plurality of outlet heat-medium temperature detectors configured to detect temperatures of the streams of the heat medium individually flowing out of the plurality of indoor heat exchangers; a plurality of indoor temperature detectors configured to detect indoor temperatures of rooms in which the plurality
  • the controller is configured to determine whether the plurality of indoor heat exchangers include an indoor heat exchanger in which the flow rate of the heat medium passing through the indoor heat exchanger has reached an upper limit.
  • the controller determines that the plurality of indoor heat exchangers have one indoor heat exchanger in which the flow rate of the heat medium passing through the indoor heat exchanger has reached the upper limit
  • the controller is configured to set the one indoor heat exchanger as a representative indoor heat exchanger, detect the indoor temperature of the room in which the representative indoor heat exchanger is installed by using the corresponding indoor temperature detector, determine a target outlet temperature of the heat source device based on a detection value of the indoor temperature, an inlet heat-medium temperature of the representative indoor heat exchanger, an outlet heat-medium temperature of the representative indoor heat exchanger, the preset temperature of the room in which the representative indoor heat exchanger is installed, and an outdoor air temperature detected by the outdoor air temperature detector, and control the capacity of the heat source device to make the temperature detected by the heat-source-device outlet temperature detector equal to the determined target outlet temperature.
  • the target outlet water temperature can be set in accordance with the load of the entire system, control with high operation efficiency can be achieved without an excessive or sufficient capacity of each indoor unit and also without impairing comfortability.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the configuration of an air-conditioning system according to Embodiment of the present invention.
  • an air-conditioning system 100 includes a heat source device 1 and a plurality of indoor units 2(N) connected in parallel with the heat source device 1.
  • the number N in parentheses is given to each indoor unit 2 for differentiation and ranges from 1 to N (N is the number of connected units). If it is not necessary to differentiate between the indoor units, they will simply be referred to as "indoor units 2" hereinafter.
  • a temperature detected by a device or a detector which will be described later, installed within each indoor unit 2 in Fig. 1 will be expressed in a similar manner.
  • the air-conditioning system 100 includes a water circuit 50 that has a water pump 3, the heat source device 1, water pumps 4, and indoor heat exchangers 31 connected in this order and that serves as a heat medium circuit through which, for example, water as a heat medium circulates.
  • the water pumps 4 and the indoor heat exchangers 31 are disposed in the respective indoor units 2.
  • the water pump 4 in each indoor unit 2 controls the amount of water passing through the indoor unit 2.
  • the amount of water circulating through the entire water circuit 50 is controlled by the water pump 3.
  • the indoor units 2 are installed in respective rooms and each include an indoor temperature detector 22 that detects an indoor temperature Tai of the room in which the indoor unit 2 is installed, an inlet water temperature detector 23 that detects an inlet water temperature Twi of the indoor unit 2, and an outlet water temperature detector 24 that detects an outlet water temperature Two of water flowing out of the indoor unit 2. Values detected by the indoor temperature detector 22, the inlet water temperature detector 23, and the outlet water temperature detector 24 are read into an indoor control device 12 within the indoor unit 2 in which the detectors are provided.
  • the air-conditioning system 100 further includes an outdoor air temperature detector 21 that detects an outdoor air temperature Tao, a heat-source-device outlet water temperature detector 25 that detects an outlet water temperature Twso of the heat source device 1, and a heat-source-device inlet water temperature detector 26 that detects an inlet water temperature Twsi of the heat source device 1. Values detected by the outdoor air temperature detector 21, the heat-source-device outlet water temperature detector 25, and the heat-source-device inlet water temperature detector 26 are read into a main controller 11.
  • the indoor control devices 12 installed in the indoor units 2 and the main controller 11 are capable of exchanging the detected values and perform cooperative processing so as to control the entire air-conditioning system 100.
  • a configuration in which the main controller 11 has all functions of the indoor control devices 12 is also possible.
  • the main controller 11 uses the aforementioned detectors installed inside and outside the indoor units 2 to detect the indoor loads in the rooms in which the indoor units 2 are installed. Then, the main controller 11 controls the water pump 3 and the water pumps 4 in accordance with the indoor loads in the rooms or controls the outlet water temperature Twso by controlling the capacity of the heat source device 1, thereby making the indoor room temperatures Tai of the rooms equal to preset room temperatures Taim of the rooms.
  • the devices constituting the air-conditioning system 100 will be described below in sequence.
  • the heat source device 1 supplies warm water during heating operation and cold water during cooling operation to the indoor units 2.
  • the heat source device 1 may be a heat pump capable of supplying warm and cold water, or may be a device capable of supplying warm water only, such as a gas or oil boiler.
  • Each indoor heat exchanger 31 exchanges heat between water circulating through the water circuit 50 and indoor air so as to heat or cool the room.
  • a radiator is used as the indoor heat exchanger 31, such that the room can be heated or cooled by the temperature of water flowing into the radiator.
  • a fan coil unit or a floor heating panel may be used as an alternative to a radiator.
  • the water pump 3 serving as a primary water conveying device supplies water to the water circuit 50.
  • the water pumps 4 serving as secondary water conveying devices supply water to the respective indoor units 2 from the water circuit 50.
  • Fixed-speed pumps or pumps whose rotation speeds are controlled to be variable using, for example, inverters are used as the water pump 3 and the water pumps 4.
  • the water pump 3 and the water pumps 4 serve as water-flow control devices that control the flow rate of water circulating through the water circuit 50.
  • the water pump 3 can control the flow rate by using in combination a fixed-speed pump and a capacity control valve whose opening degree is variable and adjusting the opening degree of the capacity control valve. If the head of the water pump 3 is sufficiently large, the flow rate of water flowing through the indoor units 2 is sometimes controlled by using flow control valves in place of the water pumps 4.
  • a method for determining a target outlet water temperature Twsom of the heat source device 1 in the air-conditioning system 100 according to Embodiment will be described next.
  • the following description assumes heating operation as an example.
  • An amount of heat exchange Qw(N) in the indoor heat exchanger 31 (N) of a certain indoor unit 2(N) can be expressed by Expression (1) based on a water flow rate Gw(N), a specific heat Cpw(N) of water, an inlet water temperature Twi(N) of the indoor heat exchanger 31 (N), and an outlet water temperature Two(N) of the indoor heat exchanger 31 (N).
  • Gw(N) a water flow rate
  • Cpw(N) of water an inlet water temperature Twi(N) of the indoor heat exchanger 31 (N)
  • an outlet water temperature Two(N) of the indoor heat exchanger 31 (N) [Math. 1]
  • Qw N Gw N ⁇ Cpw N ⁇ Twi N ⁇ Two N
  • the amount of heat exchange Qw(N) of the indoor heat exchanger 31 (N) can be increased by increasing the water flow rate Gw(N) or by increasing the inlet water temperature Twi(N).
  • the water flow rate of the water pump 4(N) included in the indoor unit 2(N) may have already reached its upper limit. In this case, it is necessary to deal with the indoor load by increasing the amount of heat exchange Qw(N) of the indoor heat exchanger 31 (N) by increasing the inlet water temperature Twi(N) of the indoor heat exchanger 31.
  • a target value for the inlet water temperature Twi is determined in view of the outdoor air temperature Tao in Embodiment. This prevents an excessive or insufficient capacity in each indoor unit 2, and moreover, appropriate control can be performed in view of the load of the entire system, thus allowing for increased operation efficiency.
  • Increasing the inlet water temperature Twi(N) of the indoor heat exchanger 31 amounts to increasing the capacity of the heat source device 1. Therefore, the relationship between the capacity of the heat source device 1 necessary for making the indoor temperature Tai equal to the preset temperature Taim and the outdoor air temperature Tao will be first described below. Then, the relationship between the outdoor air temperature Tao and the rate of change (i.e. the rate of increase) in the inlet water temperature Twi of each indoor heat exchanger 31 will be described.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the relationship between the outdoor air temperature Tao and the capacity (i.e., the heat pump capacity) required in the heat source device 1 in the air-conditioning system according to Embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an example in which the preset temperature Taim is set at 20 degrees C for heating operation, and includes (a) illustrating a case where the indoor temperature Tai is 20 degrees C, which is equal to the preset temperature Taim, and (b) illustrating a case where the indoor temperature Tai is 18 degrees C, which is lower than the preset temperature Taim.
  • the water flow rate of the water pump 4 has reached its upper limit.
  • the capacity of the heat source device 1 necessary for making the indoor temperature Tai equal to the preset temperature Taim decreases with increasing outdoor air temperature Tao. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 2(b), when the indoor temperature Tai is 18 degrees C, which is lower than the preset temperature Taim, the capacity is insufficient by an amount indicated by an arrow in Fig. 2 . As is clear from the length of the arrow in Fig. 2 , this insufficient amount is larger when the outdoor air temperature Tao is high (e.g., 10 degrees C) than when the outdoor air temperature Tao is low (e.g., 0 degrees C).
  • the insufficient amount of capacity is compensated for by increasing the inlet water temperature Twi of the indoor heat exchanger 31.
  • the indoor temperature Tai of 18 degrees C is to be increased by 2 degrees C to the preset temperature Taim of 20 degrees C
  • the water-temperature increment for the inlet water temperature Twi of the indoor heat exchanger 31 needs to be larger when the outdoor air temperature Tao at that time is high (i.e., when the difference between the preset temperature Taim and the outdoor air temperature Tao is small) than when the outdoor air temperature Tao at that time is low (i.e., when the difference between the preset temperature Taim and the outdoor air temperature Tao is large).
  • the water-temperature increment for the inlet water temperature Twi of the indoor heat exchanger 31 is determined solely based on the difference between the preset temperature Taim and the indoor temperature Tai without taking into account the outdoor air temperature Tao as in the related art, the following problem occurs. Specifically, if the outdoor air temperature Tao is high, as described above (i.e., if the difference between the preset temperature Taim and the outdoor air temperature Tao is small), the water-temperature increment for the inlet water temperature Twi is set to be smaller than the required water-temperature increment regardless of the fact that the water-temperature increment needs to be large. In this case, the capacity becomes insufficient, leading to undershooting. In contrast, if the water-temperature increment is set to be larger than the required water-temperature increment, the capacity becomes excessive, leading to overshooting.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the relationship shown in Fig. 2 in which the indices are replaced with other indices.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the relationship between the difference between the preset temperature Taim and the outdoor air temperature Tao and the rate of change (i.e. the rate of increase) in inlet water temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 31 when making the indoor temperature Tai equal to the preset temperature Taim at that temperature difference, based on Fig. 2 .
  • the rate of change in inlet water temperature is equal to the quotient of the water-temperature increment for the inlet water temperature Twi of the indoor heat exchanger 31 divided by the product of the current inlet water temperature Twi multiplied by 100.
  • the indoor temperature Tai can be made equal to the preset temperature Taim by increasing the inlet water temperature Twi by an amount equivalent to about a 20% increase in capacity relative to the current capacity B of the heat source device 1.
  • the current capacity of the heat source device 1 corresponding to low-temperature outdoor air and the current capacity of the heat source device 1 corresponding to high-temperature outdoor air are different from each other; the current capacity of the heat source device 1 corresponding to high-temperature outdoor air is the smaller.
  • the capacity ratio needs to be increased by a larger amount in the case of high-temperature outdoor air than in the case of low-temperature outdoor air.
  • the increment for the inlet water temperature Twi of the indoor heat exchanger 31 necessary for increasing the indoor temperature Tai by 2 degrees C although the increment itself is larger in the case of high-temperature outdoor air than in the case of low-temperature outdoor air, the increment is smaller in the case of high-temperature outdoor air in terms of an absolute value of a target inlet water temperature Twim.
  • the rate of change (i.e., the rate of increase) in the inlet water temperature Twi of each indoor unit 2 necessary for making the indoor temperature Tai equal to the preset temperature Taim varies in accordance with the outdoor air temperature Tao even when the difference between the indoor temperature Tai and the preset temperature Taim is the same.
  • the rate of change (i.e., the rate of increase) in the inlet water temperature Twi of each indoor unit 2 varies in accordance with the temperature difference between the indoor temperature Tai and the outdoor air temperature Tao.
  • the rate of change (i.e., the rate of increase) in the inlet water temperature Twi of each indoor unit 2 has an inversely proportional relationship with the temperature difference between the indoor temperature Tai and the outdoor air temperature Tao.
  • the water-temperature increment for the inlet water temperature of each indoor heat exchanger 31 necessary for making the indoor temperature Tai equal to the preset temperature Taim is also affected by the current inlet-outlet water temperature difference in the indoor heat exchanger 31. More specifically, the increment for the inlet water temperature Twi of each indoor unit 2 needs to be larger when the inlet-outlet water temperature difference is large than when the inlet-outlet water temperature difference is small. This point will be described later.
  • the temperature difference between the indoor temperature Tai and the outdoor air temperature Tao and the inlet-outlet water temperature difference in each indoor heat exchanger 31 affect the water-temperature increment necessary for making the indoor temperature Tai equal to the preset temperature Taim.
  • the water-temperature increment and by extension the target inlet water temperature Twim of the indoor heat exchanger 31 in view of this point, overshooting and undershooting of the indoor temperature Tai with respect to the preset temperature Taim as described above are prevented more reliably, as compared with the case where the water-temperature increment is determined solely based on the difference between the indoor temperature Tai and the preset temperature Taim, thereby allowing for control with high operation efficiency while maintaining comfortability.
  • An amount of heat exchange Qio between the air inside a room and the outdoor air can be expressed by Expression (2) based on a heat exchange performance AKio(N) of the building, the indoor temperature Tai(N), and the outdoor air temperature Tao.
  • Qio N AKio N ⁇ Tai N ⁇ Tao
  • C1 (N) is a constant determined from the water flow rate of the indoor heat exchanger 31 (N) and the heat exchange performance of the building in which the system is installed.
  • a deviation ⁇ Twim(N) (which corresponds to the aforementioned water-temperature increment) between the target inlet water temperature Twim(N) and the current inlet water temperature Twi(N) for making the indoor temperature Tai(N) equal to the preset temperature Taim(N) can be determined.
  • Expressions (6) and (7) can be collectively expressed as Expression (8).
  • the deviation ⁇ Twim(N) can be determined from the indoor-outdoor temperature difference, an inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw in the indoor unit 2, and the temperature difference between the preset temperature Taim and the current indoor temperature Tai. These temperature differences can be determined by using the values detected by the temperature detectors installed in the air-conditioning system 100.
  • Target Inlet Water Temperature ⁇ Current Inlet Water Temperature Inlet ⁇ Outlet Temperature Difference in Indoor Unit / Indoor ⁇ Outdoor Temperature Difference ⁇ Difference between Preset Temperature and Current Indoor Temperature
  • the deviation ⁇ Twim(N) is multiplied by a relaxation coefficient ⁇ , and the target outlet water temperature Twso(i+1) of the heat source device 1 is gradually changed at every control interval i, so that overshooting and undershooting are suppressed.
  • the heat source device 1 is controlled to ultimately make the indoor temperature Tai(N) equal to the preset temperature Taim(N).
  • Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling the air-conditioning system according to Embodiment of the present invention. The method for controlling the air-conditioning system 100 will be described below with reference to Fig. 4 .
  • the heat source device 1 starts its operation, the water pump 3 is driven, and the main controller 11 and the indoor control devices 12 provided in the respective indoor units 2 perform room temperature control (STEP 1).
  • Each water pump 4 is controlled based on a rotation speed and a voltage command from the corresponding indoor control device 12, and the main controller 11 determines the operational state of the water pump 4, that is, the water flow rate in the corresponding indoor unit 2, based on a signal from the indoor control device 12 (STEP 2). Then, the main controller 11 determines whether at least one water pump 4 is present in which the water flow rate has reached its upper limit (STEP 3). The upper limit may be sent from the main controller 11 to each indoor control device 12 or may be set by each indoor control device 12.
  • the main controller 11 determines that even a single water pump 4 is absent in which the water flow rate has reached its upper limit, the main controller 11 controls the indoor control devices 12 so as to continue with the current control. Specifically, each indoor control device 12 controls the water flow rate by using the corresponding water pump 4 so as to continue with the control for making the indoor temperature Tai equal to the preset temperature Taim (STEP 4).
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom of the heat source device 1 is corrected (STEP 7). Specifically, the deviation ⁇ Twim(N) in the indoor unit 2(N) having installed therein the water pump 4 in which the water flow rate has reached its upper limit is calculated by using Expression (6) described above. Then, the target outlet water temperature Twsom of the heat source device 1 is obtained from Expression (9) described above based on the calculated deviation ⁇ Twim(N) and the current outlet water temperature Twso of the heat source device 1. The main controller 11 controls the capacity of the heat source device 1 such that the outlet water temperature Twso of the heat source device 1 detected by the heat-source-device outlet water temperature detector 25 becomes equal to the corrected target outlet water temperature Twsom.
  • an indoor unit 2(N) with a largest deviation ⁇ Twim(N) is selected as a representative indoor unit from the indoor units 2 having reached its upper limit (STEP 6).
  • the deviation ⁇ Twim(N) is a value obtained by taking into account the effect the outdoor air temperature Tao has on the indoor load.
  • an indoor unit 2 with a larger deviation ⁇ Twim(N) requires a larger amount of heat exchange of the indoor heat exchanger 31. Therefore, in STEP 6, the indoor unit 2(N) that requires the largest amount of heat exchange in the indoor units 2 is selected as a representative indoor unit.
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom of the heat source device 1 is corrected as described above based on the deviation ⁇ Twim(N) in the selected indoor unit 2(N) (STEP 7).
  • the main controller 11 controls the capacity of the heat source device 1 such that the outlet water temperature Twso of the heat source device 1 detected by the heat-source-device outlet water temperature detector 25 becomes equal to the corrected target outlet water temperature Twsom.
  • the water flow rate has reached its upper limit in two of the indoor units, that is, the indoor units 2(1) and 2(2).
  • ⁇ Twim(1) 2.0 degrees C
  • ⁇ Twim(2) 1.0 degree C
  • ⁇ 0.2
  • Twso(1) 45 degrees C.
  • the indoor unit 2(N) with the largest deviation ⁇ Twim(N) is the indoor unit 2(1)
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom is corrected based on the deviation ⁇ Twim(1).
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom is too high for the indoor unit 2(2). Therefore, in the indoor unit 2(2), the water flow rate is controlled by controlling the water pump 4 by referring to the deviation between the current indoor temperature Tai(2) and the preset temperature Taim(2).
  • the inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw in the indoor heat exchanger 31 varies from one indoor unit 2 to another indoor unit 2 due to differences in amount of heat exchange in the indoor heat exchangers 31.
  • the amount of heat exchange of each indoor heat exchanger 31 is proportional to an AK value indicating the performance of the heat exchanger, which is the product of a heat exchange area A and a heat transfer coefficient K. Specifically, as in the above-described condition, when the inlet water temperature or the indoor temperature is the same, the amount of heat exchange increases with increasing heat transfer area or heat transfer coefficient.
  • the reason why the inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw in the indoor heat exchanger 31 varies from one indoor unit 2 to another indoor unit 2 is not limited to the heat exchange performances of the indoor heat exchangers 31.
  • Expression (1) if the amount of heat exchange is the same in the indoor heat exchangers 31, the inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw in the indoor heat exchanger 31 varies from one indoor unit 2 to another indoor unit 2 due to differences in water flow rate in the indoor heat exchangers 31. This means that the inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw increases with decreasing water flow rate, whereas the inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw decreases with increasing water flow rate.
  • inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw in the indoor heat exchanger 31 varies from one indoor unit 2 to another indoor unit 2.
  • an effect such differences in inlet-outlet water temperature differences ⁇ Tw in the indoor heat exchangers 31 have on the water-temperature increment necessary for making the indoor temperature Tai equal to the preset temperature Taim will be described with reference to a specific example.
  • Expression (11) represents the relationship among the inlet water temperature Twi, the outlet water temperature Two, and the target inlet water temperature Twim when making the indoor temperature Tai equal to the preset temperature Taim by using Expression (8).
  • the ratio of the difference between the preset temperature Taim and the indoor temperature Tai to that between the indoor temperature Tai and the outdoor air temperature Tao is constant and is expressed as ⁇ .
  • Twim ⁇ Twi ⁇ ⁇ Twi ⁇ Two
  • ⁇ Taim ⁇ Tai Tai ⁇ Tao
  • the reason why the inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw in the indoor heat exchanger 31 varies from one indoor unit 2 to another indoor unit 2 is not limited to the heat exchange performances of the indoor heat exchangers 31, and may additionally include, for example, the following reason. Specifically, if the heat exchange performances of the indoor heat exchangers 31, the indoor temperatures Tai, the inlet water temperatures Twi, and the preset temperatures Taim are the same, that is, if the amounts of heat exchange of the indoor heat exchangers 31 are the same, the inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw in the indoor heat exchanger 31 varies from one indoor unit 2 to another indoor unit 2 due to differences in water flow rate in the indoor heat exchangers 31. This means that the inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw increases with decreasing water flow rate, whereas the inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw decreases with increasing water flow rate.
  • inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw in the indoor heat exchanger 31 varies from one indoor unit 2 to another indoor unit 2.
  • an effect such differences in inlet-outlet water temperature differences ⁇ Tw in the indoor heat exchangers 31 have on the water-temperature increment necessary for making the indoor temperature Tai equal to the preset temperature Taim will be described with reference to a specific example.
  • the inlet water temperature Twi is 40 degrees C in both an indoor heat exchanger 31 with a large inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw and an indoor heat exchanger 31 with a small inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw
  • the outlet water temperature Two is 30 degrees C in the indoor heat exchanger 31 with the large inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw
  • the inlet-outlet water temperature difference is 10 degrees C.
  • the outlet water temperature Two in the indoor heat exchanger 31 with the small inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw is 35 degrees C
  • the inlet-outlet water temperature difference is 5 degrees C.
  • TwimH be the inlet water temperature (i.e., the target inlet water temperature) when the indoor temperature Tai becomes equal to the preset temperature Taim in the indoor heat exchanger 31 with the large inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw
  • TwimH ⁇ Twi ⁇ ⁇ 40 degrees C ⁇ 30 degrees
  • TwimH ⁇ ⁇ 10 + Twi
  • TwimL be the inlet water temperature (i.e., the target inlet water temperature) when the indoor temperature Tai becomes equal to the preset temperature Taim in the indoor heat exchanger 31 with the small inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw
  • the relationship between the current inlet and outlet water temperatures of the indoor heat exchanger 31 and the target inlet water temperature TwimL is given by Expression (14) similarly based on Expression (11) above.
  • TwimL ⁇ Twi ⁇ ⁇ 40 degrees C ⁇ 35 degrees
  • C ⁇ TwimL ⁇ ⁇ 5 + Twi
  • the target inlet water temperatures have a relation TwimL ⁇ TwimH.
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom of the heat source device 1 needs to be corrected to an extent larger for the indoor heat exchanger 31 with the large inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw than for the indoor heat exchanger 31 with the small inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw.
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom in the indoor heat exchanger 31 with the large inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw becomes higher than that in the indoor heat exchanger 31 with the small temperature difference ⁇ Tw. Therefore, the target outlet water temperature Twsom of the heat source device 1 is determined in accordance with the indoor heat exchanger 31 with the larger inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw in the indoor heat exchangers 31.
  • a deviation ⁇ Tim (i.e., the water-temperature increment) between the target outlet water temperature Twsom and the current inlet water temperature Twi is proportional to the inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw in each indoor heat exchanger 31.
  • a deviation ⁇ Tim i.e., the water-temperature increment
  • an indoor unit 2 with a largest deviation ⁇ Tim is selected. This amounts to determining the target outlet water temperature Twsom in view of the inlet-outlet water temperature difference ⁇ Tw in each indoor heat exchanger 31 as well.
  • the indoor unit 2 in which the water flow rate has reached its upper limit is selected as a representative indoor unit for determining the target outlet water temperature Twsom of the heat source device 1, and the target outlet water temperature Twsom is determined by using the deviation ⁇ Twim in the representative indoor unit 2.
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom is calculated by using the water temperatures (Two and Twi) of the indoor unit 2 in which the water flow rate has reached its upper limit and the indoor temperature Tai, and the obtained target outlet water temperature Twsom is preferentially used so that the capacity of the representative indoor heat exchanger 31 in which the water flow rate has reached its upper limit can be controlled. Therefore, the comfortability in the room in which the representative indoor heat exchanger 31 is installed is not impaired. With regard to the other rooms, room temperature control need only be simply performed therefor by adjusting the water flow rates so that comfortability therein is similarly not impaired.
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom can be set in view of the load in the entire air-conditioning system 100, the capacity of each indoor unit 2 can be prevented from being excessive or insufficient. Thus, overshooting or undershooting can be prevented, thereby achieving control with high operation efficiency without impairing user's comfortability in each room.
  • the deviation ⁇ Twim is calculated for each indoor unit 2.
  • An indoor unit 2 with a deviation ⁇ Twim largest of the calculated deviations ⁇ Twim is selected as a representative indoor unit for determining the target outlet water temperature Twsom of the heat source device 1. Therefore, because the target outlet water temperature Twsom can be set in view of the amount of heat exchange Qio between the air inside the room and the outdoor air in each indoor unit 2, that is, in view of the load in the entire air-conditioning system 100, the capacity of each indoor unit 2 can be prevented from being excessive or insufficient. Thus, overshooting or undershooting can be prevented, thereby achieving control with high operation efficiency without impairing user's comfortability in each room.
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom of the heat source device 1 is determined based on the indoor temperature Tai in the room in which the indoor heat exchanger 31 of the representative indoor unit 2 is installed, the inlet water temperature Twi of the representative indoor heat exchanger 31, the outlet water temperature Two of the representative indoor heat exchanger 31, the preset temperature Taim of the room in which the representative indoor heat exchanger 31 is installed, and the outdoor air temperature Tao, the target outlet water temperature Twsom can be set in accordance with the indoor load while taking into account the effect of the outdoor air temperature Tao. Therefore, an advantage similar to that described above can be achieved.
  • the refrigerant circuit is not limited to the configuration in Fig. 1 and may be provided with a bypass 60 between the heat source device 1 and the indoor units 2 in the water circuit 50, as shown in Fig. 5 .
  • the heat-source-device outlet water temperature detector 25 is disposed downstream of the bypass 60 so that an advantage similar to that described above can be achieved.
  • Fig. 5 components that are the same as those in Fig. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom is determined such that the difference between the target outlet water temperature Twsom and the current outlet water temperature Twso of the heat source device 1 is inversely proportional to the difference between the indoor temperature Tai in the room in which the representative indoor heat exchanger 31 is installed and the outdoor air temperature Tao, an advantage similar to that described above can be achieved.
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom can be set in accordance with the current capacity of the heat source device 1 by determining the target outlet water temperature Twsom of the heat source device 1 such that the difference between the target outlet water temperature Twsom and the current outlet water temperature Twso of the heat source device 1 is proportional to the inlet-outlet water temperature difference in the representative indoor heat exchanger 31, an advantage similar to that described above can be achieved.
  • the main controller 11 calculates the deviation ⁇ Twim by multiplying, by the difference between the preset temperature Taim and the indoor temperature Tai, a value obtained by dividing the inlet-outlet water temperature difference in the indoor heat exchanger 31 by the indoor-outdoor temperature difference, and sets a value obtained by adding the current inlet water temperature Twi to the determined deviation ⁇ Twim as the target outlet water temperature Twsom.
  • the target outlet water temperature Twsom can be set in accordance with the current indoor load and the capacity of the indoor heat exchanger 31, whereby a similar advantage can be achieved.

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Claims (5)

  1. Klimaanlagensystem (100), umfassend:
    einen Wärmemittelkreis (50), der ein Wärmequellengerät (1) einschließt, dessen Kapazität variabel ist, und eine Vielzahl von Innenraumwärmetauschern (31), und der ausgebildet ist, wenigstens eines von Kühlen und Heizen durch Zirkulieren eines Wärmemittels durch das Wärmequellengerät (1) und die Vielzahl von Innenraumwärmetauschern (31) durchzuführen;
    ein Wärmemittelfördergerät (3), das ausgebildet ist, das Wärmemittel zu dem Wärmemittelkreislauf (50) zu fördern;
    einen Wärmequellengerätauslasstemperaturdetektor (25), der ausgebildet ist, eine Temperatur des Wärmemittels zu detektieren, das aus dem Wärmequellengerät (1) ausströmt;
    eine Vielzahl von Durchflusssteuergeräten (4), die ausgebildet sind, Flussraten von Strömen des Wärmemittels zu steuern, die individuell durch die Vielzahl von Innenraumwärmetauschern (31) hindurchtreten;
    eine Vielzahl von Einlasswärmemitteltemperaturdetektoren (23), die ausgebildet sind, Temperaturen der Ströme des Wärmemittels zu detektieren, die individuell in die Vielzahl von Innenraumwärmetauschern (31) einströmen;
    eine Vielzahl von Auslasswärmemitteltemperaturdetektoren (24), die ausgebildet sind, Temperaturen der Ströme des Wärmemittels zu detektieren, die individuell aus der Vielzahl von Innenraumwärmetauschern (31) ausströmen;
    eine Vielzahl von Innenraumtemperaturdetektoren (42), die ausgebildet sind, Innenraumtemperaturen von Räumen zu detektieren, in welchen die Vielzahl von Innenraumwärmetauschern (31) individuell installiert sind;
    einen Außenraumlufttemperaturdetektor (21), der ausgebildet ist, eine Außenraumtemperatur zu detektieren; und
    eine Steuerung (11), die ausgebildet ist, die Kapazität des Wärmequellengeräts (1) und die Vielzahl von Durchflusssteuergeräten (4) zu steuern, um die Innenraumtemperaturen der Räume, in welchen die Vielzahl von Innenraumwärmetauschern (31) individuell installlert sind, gleich voreingestellten Temperaturen der Räume zu machen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Steuerung (11) ausgebildet ist, einen Innenraumwärmetauscher (31), in welchem die Flussrate des Wärmemittels, das durch den Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) hindurchtritt, unter der Vielzahl von Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) eine Obergrenze erreicht hat, als einen repräsentativen Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) einzustellen, unter Verwenden des entsprechenden Innenraumtemperaturdetektors (22) die Innenraumtemperatur von dem Raum zu detektieren, in welchem der repräsentative Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) installiert ist, eine Zielauslasstemperatur von dem Wärmemittel, das aus dem Wärmequellengerät (1) ausströmt, basierend auf einem Detektionswert von der Innenraumtemperatur, einer Einlasswärmemitteltemperatur des repräsentativen Innenraumwärmetauschers (31), einer Auslasswärmemitteltemperatur des repräsentativen Innenraumwärmetauschers (31), der voreingestellten Temperatur des Raumes, in welchem der repräsentative Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) installiert ist, und einer Außenraumlufttemperatur, die von dem Außenraumlufttemperaturdetektor (21) detektiert wird, zu bestimmen, und die Kapazität des Wärmequellengeräts (1) zu steuern, um die Temperatur, die von dem Wärmequellengerätauslasstemperaturdetektor (25) detektiert wird, gleich der bestimmten Zielauslasstemperatur zu machen.
  2. Klimaanlagensystem (100) nach Anspruch 1,
    bei welchem eine Abweichung zwischen der Zielauslasstemperatur des Wärmequellengeräts (1) und einer aktuellen Auslasstemperatur des Wärmequellengeräts (1) umgekehrt proportional zu einer Differenz zwischen der voreingestellten Temperatur von dem Raum ist, in welchem der repräsentative Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) installiert ist, und der Außenraumlufttemperatur, die von dem Außenraumlufttemperaturdetektor (21) detektiert wird.
  3. Klimaanlagensystem (100) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    bei welchem eine Abweichung zwischen der Zielauslasstemperatur von dem Wärmequellengerät (1) und einer aktuellen Auslasstemperatur von dem Wärmequellengerät (1) proportional zu einer Differenz zwischen der Einlasswärmemitteltemperatur von dem repräsentativen Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) und der Auslasswärmemitteltemperatur von dem repräsentativen Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) ist.
  4. Klimaanlagensystem (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
    bei welchem eine Abweichung zwischen der Zielauslasstemperatur von dem Wärmequellengerät (1) und einer aktuellen Auslasstemperatur von dem Wärmequellengerät (1) erhalten wird durch Multiplizieren eines Werts, der erhalten wird durch Dividieren einer Einlass-Auslasswassertemperaturdifferenz in dem repräsentativen Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) durch eine Differenz zwischen der Innenraumtemperatur von dem Raum, in welchem der repräsentative Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) installiert ist, und der Außenraumlufttemperatur, die von dem Außenraumlufttemperaturdetektor (21) detektiert wird, mit einer Differenz zwischen der voreingestellten Temperatur und der Innenraumtemperatur von dem Raum, in welchem der repräsentative Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) installiert Ist, und die Zielauslasstemperatur des Wärmequellengeräts (1) basierend auf der Abweichung bestimmt wird.
  5. Klimaanlagensystem (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
    bei welchem, wenn die Vielzahl von Innenraumwärmetauschern (31) einen Satz von Innenraumwärmetauschern (31) einschließt, in welchen die Flussraten der Ströme des Wärmemittels die Obergrenze erreicht hat, eine Abweichung zwischen der Zielauslasstemperatur des Wärmequellengeräts (1) und einer aktuellen Auslasstemperatur des Wärmequellengeräts (1) für jeden individuellen Wärmetauscher (31) aus dem Satz von Innenraumwärmetauschern (31) bestimmt wird durch Multiplizieren eines Werts, der erhalten wird durch Dividieren einer Einlass-Auslasswassertemperaturdifferenz in dem Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) durch eine Differenz zwischen der Innenraumtemperatur von dem Raum, in welchem der Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) installiert ist, und der Außenraumlufttemperatur, die von dem Außenraumlufttemperaturdetektor (21) detektiert wird, mit einer Differenz zwischen der voreingestellten Temperatur und der Innenraumtemperatur des Raums, in welchem der Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) installiert ist, und der Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) mit einer größten Abweichung der bestimmten Abweichungen als der repräsentative Innenraumwärmetauscher (31) eingestellt wird.
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JP6271316B2 (ja) * 2014-03-27 2018-01-31 荏原冷熱システム株式会社 熱源装置
JP5869648B1 (ja) * 2014-10-29 2016-02-24 木村工機株式会社 空気調和システム
JP6577760B2 (ja) * 2015-06-12 2019-09-18 株式会社竹中工務店 熱源制御装置、及び、熱源制御装置を用いた熱源システム
CN107023960B (zh) * 2017-04-13 2020-01-31 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 一种地暖式空调器及控制方法
CN107192155A (zh) * 2017-05-17 2017-09-22 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种空调系统及其控制方法
CN107300243B (zh) * 2017-07-10 2019-10-25 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 空调系统、风档调节方法及计算机可读存储介质
WO2019138473A1 (ja) * 2018-01-10 2019-07-18 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和制御システム及び空気調和制御方法
JP2020159671A (ja) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 新菱冷熱工業株式会社 放射空調システム及びその制御方法
JP6791315B1 (ja) * 2019-07-18 2020-11-25 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置
CN110940063A (zh) * 2019-11-15 2020-03-31 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 目标水温控制方法、装置、存储介质及水多联系统
CN111140984A (zh) * 2019-12-30 2020-05-12 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种水多联中央空调控制方法、计算机可读存储介质及空调
CN111207481A (zh) * 2020-01-14 2020-05-29 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种水多联系统压缩机升降频控制方法、存储介质及空调
CN112880162B (zh) * 2021-01-27 2022-03-08 青岛东软载波智能电子有限公司 一种智能舒适冷暖家用空调系统的控制方法
EP4354031A4 (de) * 2021-06-09 2024-08-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Klimaanlage
CN115264582B (zh) * 2022-08-02 2024-05-31 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 多联机空调系统及其温度控制方法与装置

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JP4422572B2 (ja) * 2004-07-29 2010-02-24 東洋熱工業株式会社 冷温熱源機の冷温水制御方法
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JP4842654B2 (ja) 2006-02-10 2011-12-21 株式会社石本建築事務所 輻射パネル用空調システムの制御方法
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