Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
  • C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
  • C10G21/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents characterised by the solvent used
  • C10G21/12—Organic compounds only
  • C10G21/16—Oxygen-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
  • C10G2300/1022—Fischer-Tropsch products
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
  • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
  • C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
  • C10G2300/1062—Lubricating oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
  • C10G2400/10—Lubricating oil
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
  • C10G45/58—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
  • C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
  • C10G65/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
  • C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
  • C10G67/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
  • C10M159/02—Natural products
  • C10M159/04—Petroleum fractions, e.g. tars, solvents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
  • C10M171/02—Specified values of viscosity or viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
  • C10M2203/1085—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
  • C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process to prepare a residual base oil and to a residual base oil obtainable by this process.
• High viscosity base oils also known as bright stock base oils, derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, often show a hazy appearance that is typically due to the presence of a small quantity of
• microcrystalline wax particles are characterized by microcrystalline wax particles.
• WO 2007/003623 discloses a process to prepare a brightstock base oil blend comprising a paraffinic base oil base oil component having a viscosity at 100°C of from 8 to 25 mm 2 /s, and a mineral derived residual and de-asphalted oil component in an amount from 40% to 99%, based on the total weight of the oil blend.
• a paraffinic base oil base oil component having a viscosity at 100°C of from 8 to 25 mm 2 /s
• a mineral derived residual and de-asphalted oil component in an amount from 40% to 99%, based on the total weight of the oil blend.
• 2007/003623 catalytic dewaxing of a Fischer-Tropsch derived paraffinic base oil precursor component has resulted in a hazy Fischer-Tropsch derived paraffinic base oil component.
• this hazy Fischer-Tropsch derived paraffinic base oil component is blended with the mineral derived residual at a temperature of greater than 50°C to obtain a clear oil blend. It is an object of the invention to provide a more efficient method for preparing a clear and bright
• Another object of the present invention is to prepare a clear and bright residual base oil using a large proportion of a high viscosity Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
• step (b) combining the mineral bright stock waxy raffinate provided in step (a) with a catalytically dewaxed
• Solvent dewaxing of a mixture comprising the mineral bright stock waxy raffinate and the catalytically dewaxed residual Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil avoids the difficulty of removing haze from the catalytically dewaxed residual Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil alone, due to the presence of a sufficient amount of wax in the mixture (at least 5 wt.%), thereby resulting in increased efficiency .
• a further advantage of the present invention is that a large amount of high viscosity Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil can be used in the mixture, yet a clear and bright high viscosity base oil is obtained.
• Another advantage of the present invention is that a clear and bright residual base oil is obtained having a high viscosity, a low pour point and a low cloud point.
• step (a) of the process according to the present invention a mineral bright stock waxy raffinate is provided.
• Various processes to provide a mineral bright stock waxy raffinate are known in the art.
• the mineral bright stock waxy raffinate is prepared using the following steps:
• step (cc) solvent extracting the de-asphalted oil to obtain a residual aromatic extract and the mineral bright stock waxy raffinate.
• step (aa) a mineral derived vacuum residue is provided.
• Mineral derived vacuum residue as provided in step (aa) may be a residue bottom fraction of a vacuum distillation of a crude petroleum feed.
• a preferred property of the mineral derived vacuum residue is that 90 wt . % boils above 500°C, more preferably above 520°C.
• step (bb) a de-asphalting step on the mineral derived vacuum residue is performed to obtain a de- asphalted oil.
• a de-asphalted oil is the product of a de- asphalting process step wherein asphalt is removed from a mineral derived vacuum residue.
• De-asphalting processes are well known and for example described in Lubricant base oil and wax processing, Avilino Sequeira, Jr., Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, 1994, ISBN 0-8247-9256-4, pages 53-80.
• a preferred property of the de-asphalted oil is that 90 wt . % boils above 470°C, more preferably above 490°C.
• step (cc) the de-asphalted oil is subjected to solvent extraction to obtain a residual aromatic extract and a mineral bright stock waxy raffinate.
• the de-asphalted oil is subjected to a solvent extraction process in order to remove some of the
• Solvent extraction processes are known in the art and therefore not discussed here in detail. Typical solvent extraction processes are for example described in Chapter 5 of "Lubricant base oil and wax processing", Avilino Sequeira, Jr., Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, 1994, ISBN 0-8247-9256-4.
• the solvent is stripped off from the mineral bright stock waxy raffinate, and a residual aromatic extract, containing mostly aromatics, some dissolved mineral bright stock waxy raffinate and some wax, is sent to a recovery unit.
• a residual aromatic extract containing mostly aromatics, some dissolved mineral bright stock waxy raffinate and some wax, is sent to a recovery unit. This process is for example described in US 4592832.
• Mineral bright stock waxy raffinate as provided in step (a) is a resulting extracted de-asphalted oil phase, containing mainly non-saturated hydrocarbon molecules, as obtained in step (cc) .
• the amount of non- saturated hydrocarbon molecules is between 50 to 60 wt%, based on the total amount of mineral bright stock waxy raffinate .
• the mineral bright stock waxy raffinate as provided in step (a) has a kinematic viscosity at 40°C according to ASTM D-445 of from 200 to 700 mm 2 /s,
• the kinematic viscosity at 100°C of the mineral bright stock waxy raffinate according to ASTM D- 445 is suitably from 20 to 50 mm 2 /s, preferably from 30 to 50 mm 2 /s, and more preferably from 30 to 40 mm 2 /s.
• the viscosity index of the mineral bright stock waxy raffinate is between 50 and 150, preferably between 70 and 120, more preferably between 80 and 100.
• step (b) the mineral bright stock waxy raffinate provided in step (a) is combined with a catalytically dewaxed residual Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil to obtain a mixture.
• a part of the de- asphalted oil obtained in step (b) which part is not subjected to the solvent extraction step (cc) , is combined with a catalytically dewaxed residual Fischer- Tropsch derived base oil to obtain a mixture.
• At least 20 wt . % of the de-asphalted oil is combined with the catalytically dewaxed residual
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil to obtain a mixture, preferably at least 30 wt% of the de-asphalted oil, and more preferably at least 50 wt% of the de-asphalted oil.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil as used in step (b) is derived from a Fischer-Tropsch process.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil is known in the art.
• a base oil is, or is derived from, a synthesis product of a Fischer-Tropsch process.
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil may also be referred to as a GTL (Gas-to-Liquids ) base oil.
• GTL Gas-to-Liquids
• Solvent dewaxing the catalytically dewaxed residual base oil will be quite difficult because the amount of wax is so low, but more importantly it will be very difficult to filter on a filter cloth because the wax has the consistency of "chewing gum". This consistency of a
• “chewing gum” is produced by the catalytically dewaxing step, which step is necessary to obtain a Fischer-Tropsch derived high viscosity base oil with a desired pour point.
• catalytically dewaxed residual base oil is derived has an unfavorable pour point as well as being heavy and
• Catalytically dewaxed Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils of the present invention typically are a heavy base oil component comprising carbons of up to around C65, typically in the range of between at least C20 and at most C65, and a wax component of between at least
• the amount of wax component present in the catalytically dewaxed residual Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil depends on the severity of the pour point.
• the hazy catalytically dewaxed residual Fischer- Tropsch derived base oils of the invention are visibly at least partially or completely opaque at ambient
• the invention comprise sufficient additional heavy components (such as wax) to impart a visible haze to the appearance of the oil.
• the amount of wax, which impart a visible haze is between 0.01 wt.% to 0.1 wt.% based on the total amount of catalytically dewaxed residual
• Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil as used under step (b) typically has a kinematic viscosity at 40°C according to ASTM D-445 of above 80 mm 2 /s, suitably above 100 mm 2 /s.
• catalytically dewaxed Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil is below about
• the kinematic viscosity at 100°C according to ASTM D-445 of the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil is from 12 to 50 mm 2 /s, preferably from 15 to 35 mm 2 /s, more preferably from 18 to 30 mm 2 /s and most preferably from 18 to 25 mm 2 /s.
• the catalytically dewaxed residual Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil preferably has a pour point according to ASTM D-5950 of below 0°C, more preferably below -5°C, and most preferably below -10°C.
• a hazy paraffinic base oil has a cloud point of 15°C and above.
• the catalytically dewaxed residual Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a cloud point according to ASTM D-5950 of above 15°C, more preferably above 20°C, more preferably above 25°C and most preferably above 30°C.
• the mixture obtained in step (b) comprises from 10 to 80 wt.%, preferably from 20 to 70 wt.%, more preferably from 25 to 65 wt.% of the catalytically dewaxed residual Fischer-Tropsch base oil.
• residual Fischer-Tropsch base oil in step (b) of the present process is in the range of from 75:25 to 35:65, more preferably in the range of from 65:35 to 35:65, most preferably 55:45 to 35:65.
• the mixture obtained in step (b) will typically comprise a fraction in which 50% boils above 450°C, preferably in which 50% boils above 550°C. It is this high boiling fraction, which will yield the viscous base oils .
• the mixture obtained in step (b) will comprise a fraction which 90% boils below 820°C.
• the wax content in the mixture is preferably below 20 wt.%, more preferably below 10 wt . % .
• the lower limit is preferably above 4 wt.%.
• step (c) a solvent dewaxing step on the mixture obtained in step (b) is performed to obtain a residual base oil.
• Solvent dewaxing processes are known in the art and therefore not described here in detail. Typical solvent dewaxing processes are for example described in Lubricant Base Oil and Wax Processing, Avilino Sequeira, Jr, Marcel
• the process according to the present invention comprises a further step
• step (c) obtained in step (c) .
• the residual base oil obtained in step (c) comprises sulphur and nitrogen compounds containing in amounts of less than 50 ppmw, more preferably less than 20 ppmw, yet more preferably less than 10 ppmw.
• sulphur may be introduced through the use of sulphided hydrocracking/hydrodewaxing and/or sulphided catalytic dewaxing catalysts. If desired a final finishing treatment may be performed in order to separate the sulphur and nitrogen compounds from the residual base oil. Examples of suitable finishing
• Hydrofinishing is suitably carried out at a
• WHSV Weight hourly space velocity
• the present invention provides a residual base oil obtainable by the process according to the present invention.
• the haze free residual base oil will preferably have a kinematic viscosity at 100°C according to ASTM D-445 of from 12 to 50 mm 2 /s, preferably from 15 to 35 mm 2 /s, more preferably from 18 to 30 mm 2 /s and most preferably from
• the viscosity index of the residual base oil is preferably greater than 95, preferably greater than 100.
• the pour point of the residual base oil according to ASTM D-5950 is below -5°C, preferably below -10°C, and more preferably below -15°C
• a haze free base oil can also be determined by its cloud point.
• the residual base oil preferably has a cloud point according to ASTM D-5950 of below -10°C, more preferably below -15°C and most preferably below -20°C.
• Figure 1 schematically shows a process scheme of the process according to the present invention.
• the process scheme is generally referred to with reference numeral 1.
• a mineral derived vacuum residue 20 is recovered by vacuum distillation in a vacuum distillation unit 2.
• the mineral derived vacuum residue 20 is de-asphalted in reactor 3 to obtain a de- asphalted oil 30.
• a residual aromatic extract 40 and a mineral bright stock waxy raffinate 50 are extracted in reactor 4.
• the residual aromatic extract 40 and the solvent are led out of the reactor 4 as stream 40 to recovery unit 5.
• a stream comprising a hazy catalytically dewaxed residual Fischer- Tropsch derived base oil 60 is combined with the mineral bright stock waxy raffinate 50 upstream of reactor 6 wherein the combined streams are solvent dewaxed to obtain a residual base oil 70 and a waxy product (mixed slack waxes) 80. Sulphur and nitrogen in the form of hydrocarbon compounds are separated from the residual base oil 70, by a final finishing treatment in reactor 7.
• a mineral bright stock waxy raffinate was obtained from Shell Pernis Refinery (Pernis, Netherlands) .
• the mineral brightstock waxy raffinate was prepared by performing a de-asphalting step on a mineral derived vacuum residue (high sulphur Middle East crude oil, e.g. Arab Light) .
• the obtained de-asphalted oil was extracted with furfural using a solvent to fresh feed ratio that is on average 3.8 wt/wt (min. 2.4 wt/wt, max. 6.3 wt/wt) to obtain a residual aromatic extract and a mineral bright stock waxy raffinate.
• Furfural solvent extraction processes are known in the art and for example described in Chapter 5 of "Lubricant base oil and wax processing", Avilino Sequeira, Jr., Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, 1994, ISBN 0-8247-9256-4.
• the properties of the obtained mineral bright stock waxy raffinate are listed in
• the catalytically dewaxed residual Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil was obtained by the process as described in Example 1 of WO 2007/003623.
• the properties of the obtained catalytic dewaxed residual are listed in Tables 2 and 3.
• Solvent was removed from the residual base oil obtained under vacuum to less than 1000 ppm.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

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• 2013
  • 2013-04-04 AU AU2013244892A patent/AU2013244892A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2013-04-04 JP JP2015503884A patent/JP2015512464A/ja active Pending
  • 2013-04-04 EP EP13714295.6A patent/EP2834331A2/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-04-04 RU RU2014144418A patent/RU2637125C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2013-04-04 US US14/390,129 patent/US20150060329A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2013-04-04 CN CN201380018297.8A patent/CN104245902B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-04-04 WO PCT/EP2013/057137 patent/WO2013150114A2/en active Application Filing

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