EP2832510B1 - Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication de bois de refend - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication de bois de refend Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2832510B1
EP2832510B1 EP14002663.4A EP14002663A EP2832510B1 EP 2832510 B1 EP2832510 B1 EP 2832510B1 EP 14002663 A EP14002663 A EP 14002663A EP 2832510 B1 EP2832510 B1 EP 2832510B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
splitting
split wood
split
wood blank
pieces
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EP14002663.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2832510A1 (fr
Inventor
Haiko Hörter
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood
    • B27L7/02—Arrangements for splitting wood using rotating members, e.g. rotating screws
    • B27L7/04—Conical screws

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the production of fissured wood according to the preamble of claim 1 and an aggregate with a device for producing fissile wood and a method for producing fissured wood according to claim 11.
  • a device and such a method are known from SU 1 761 472 A1 known.
  • Firewood processors are known in the art. These may be present as a fixed unit or integrated in a harvester head. The woodworking works here in such a way that the wood is first cut to desired lengths and then pressed in the longitudinal direction by splitting knife.
  • current devices include loading grippers for gripping the tree trunks and feed rollers with which the log is passed through a separator where it is elongated to desired log lengths.
  • the inventive device for the production of fissure wood comprises a holding element for holding and moving a fissure wood blank, a Ablelement for cutting the fissure wood blank and a gap element for splitting the fissure wood blank.
  • the splitting element comprises at least two split pieces arranged opposite each other with respect to a split wood blank held by the holding element, tapering from outside to inside in the radial direction of this split wood blank and at least two drive elements for driving the split pieces into the split wood blank.
  • the function of the gap pieces is preferably the function of a splitting blade or a wedge.
  • a screw function is conceivable.
  • Another advantage is that a previous cutting is not necessary, but also subsequent cutting of the split wood is possible.
  • this particular way to columns causes the escape of a large amount of water from the split wood blank in comparison to conventional splitting method. In this way, the fission wood produced is less humid and useful after a short drying time compared to conventional splitting method as firewood.
  • drive elements are arrangements for applying force to the gap pieces with electric or oil engines conceivable that act on the split pieces with a radially inwardly directed force.
  • a drive element is advantageously a 40 hp device for applying force to the split pieces in the split wood blank.
  • the drive elements exert force on the split pieces via a pneumatic or a mechanical gear.
  • the drive elements are advantageously arranged in the radial direction outside the gap pieces, such that a movement of the split pieces by means of the drive elements is possible. It is far less expensive to provide drive elements for driving the split pieces, as to provide, as in the prior art, a device for pressurizing the entire split wood blank or a cut-to-length part of the split wood blank.
  • a device with the feature of oppositely arranged gap pieces directed radially outwards in the radial direction of a split wood blank is substantially less expensive than providing a pressurization possibility on at least one cutaway part of the broad tree trunk for longitudinal splitting.
  • the holding element comprises at least a first pliers for gripping and holding the split wood blank.
  • the pliers can be closed and opened via a manual control.
  • an automatic control which triggers the gripping of a split wood blank by means of a sensor, preferably by means of a light barrier.
  • a pair of pliers represents a particularly simple and flexible solution for the fixation of the split wood blank within the gap element. It is particularly advantageously arranged on a lateral end of the device.
  • the first pliers can be closed and opened via an electric motor. Still conceivable, however, are other engines.
  • a pair of pliers is suitable for various uses of the device.
  • the holding element comprises a perpendicular to a radial direction in a transport direction of the split wood blank preferably substantially horizontally movable carriage with at least one second pliers for gripping and moving the split wood blank.
  • substantially is to be understood preferably that the horizontal with the transport direction an angle between + 10 ° and - 10 °, so that the transport direction thus has at most a slight inclination to the horizontal. This is advantageous because a better holding stability is achieved by the second pliers. Furthermore, the displaceability of the second pliers in the transport direction with respect to the first pliers allows a shift of the split wood blank.
  • the distance of the first forceps from the second forceps in the transport direction is 5-150 cm, more preferably 10-100 cm.
  • a displacement of the carriage by means of a manual control feasible.
  • the first pliers is advantageously immovable in the transport direction. It is also conceivable, however, a displaceable arrangement of the first pliers.
  • the second pliers and the carriage are collectively called a pair of pliers.
  • the pliers are advantageously attached substantially in a horizontal center of the device. This is particularly advantageous because in this way, in particular, a shift of a split wood blank can be performed. This is preferably done by the split wood blank loosely in the first pliers, is firmly gripped by the pliers and is moved with the carriage.
  • the first pliers is slightly open, so that a displacement of the split wood blank in the first pliers is possible, and that it is closed at the same time but far enough that slipping out of the split wood blank is excluded from the pliers out.
  • a shift can advantageously be carried out before a splitting operation for the introduction of the split wood blank into the splitting element.
  • the second pliers with the first pliers in the transport direction is in alignment, so that both pliers can advantageously together grip a split wood blank.
  • an embodiment with any number of other pliers preferably a total of 3-6 pliers. These are each conceivable as a pair of pliers or as immovable in the transport direction pliers.
  • Several pliers are advantageous because they increase the holding stability.
  • the at least one first pliers advantageously comprises two gripping arms.
  • the two gripping arms are advantageously designed rounded so that with them round shapes or cylindrical shapes, such as a tree trunk, are tangible.
  • the two gripper arms are made of stainless steel.
  • the first pliers also advantageously has a hinge, which is arranged in an upper region of the pliers.
  • As the upper region is preferably an area in the vertical direction above to understand a fissure wood blank to be taken. This is particularly advantageous for wood processors and harvesters in which the device is connected as a unit to a suspension.
  • the pliers is advantageously designed such that with her a lying on the ground tree trunk is under attack. This is realized in a particularly advantageous manner in that a region of the gripper arms which extends outward from the hinge is designed to be larger than an underlying section which undercut a split wood blank.
  • the second pliers have gripping arms with identical or similar characteristics to the first pliers. It is conceivable that both pliers are attached to an overlying tube.
  • This tube is preferably made of stainless steel. However, an embodiment of aluminum, plastics or other alloys is also conceivable. Particularly preferably, this tube is hollow inside to save material and weight.
  • the carriage of the second gun is slidably disposed on this pipe. It is particularly preferred that it is arranged on this tube by a linear guide. Particularly advantageously, a displacement of the carriage is operated on the tube by an electric motor and / or an oil motor.
  • spiked rollers are arranged as in commercial Harvestern. These spiked rollers serve advantageously both as holding elements as well as displacement elements. Spiked rollers have the advantage that a shift of a split wood blank with them is faster feasible than, for example, with grippers. An advantage of the tongs, however, is that they have greater accuracy. Also conceivable is a combined arrangement with holding pliers and spiked rollers.
  • a Tilt driving comprising a substantially horizontal axis directed perpendicular to the transport direction axis with a pivot joint for folding up the gap element and the Abinlementes, arranged, which connects the gap element and the Abinlement with the rest of the device at a lateral end of the device ,
  • folding up is to be understood a pivoting movement about the said axis, by means of which the gap element and the Abinlement from the gap position can be brought into a higher position in the vertical direction.
  • the gap element and the Abinlement by 45-180 °, more preferably by 90 °, pivotally.
  • the Tilt driving is arranged on a lifting and lowering device with which the Tilt driving with gap element and Abcomplement is preferably adjustable in the vertical direction.
  • the gap element is advantageously adjustable in its folded-down position in the vertical direction for the splitting operation.
  • the Tilt immunity is preferably controlled manually.
  • the folding movement of the Tilt driving is advantageously executable with a motor, hydraulics or pneumatics.
  • a further tube for displaceably guiding an aggregate receptacle is arranged above the tube for receiving the pliers.
  • the two tubes are arranged by plate-like elements at their axial ends parallel to each other.
  • these plate-like elements are arranged with their greatest length substantially perpendicular to the transport direction.
  • a horizontal plate which is arranged above this plate-like element.
  • Particularly preferred vertical linear guides are arranged on this horizontal plate.
  • the gap element has 6 to 8 split pieces, more preferably 6 split pieces.
  • the angular distances of the gap pieces of a gap element around a split wood blank are identical. This is advantageous because in this way substantially equal sized fissile wood pieces can be produced. In the case of two split pieces, the angular spacing is 180 °, with four split pieces the angular spacing of the split pieces is 90 °, with 6 split pieces the angular spacing is 60 °.
  • the gap pieces preferably have a length of 25-45 cm, but are not limited thereto.
  • the split pieces have a maximum thickness between 2-15 cm, more preferably 3-8 cm.
  • they are made of cast iron.
  • split pieces made of stainless steel, chromium, nickel, vanadium, an alloy or any other materials are also conceivable.
  • the split pieces have a shape in which they first widen in a radial direction from outside to inside, then have a maximum extent and then converge conically again. Conceivable is both a converging only in one dimension course as a chisel and a conical shape.
  • the gap element comprises a metal frame in the advantageous form of a regular polygon.
  • folded-gap element ie in the gap position
  • a variant of a gap element with an outer metal frame is generally also referred to as a split ring.
  • the metal frame is formed such that it has a constant thickness in the gap position in the transport direction.
  • the thickness is 1-20 cm, more preferably 2-10 cm.
  • Said regular polygon advantageously has twice as many corners as gaps are provided.
  • each of the center of the polygon outwardly directed a drive element and from this radially inwardly directed a gap piece.
  • the metal frame is advantageously made of steel or stainless steel.
  • a radially inner part of a gap piece is formed in the shape of a chisel. A direction of extension of a radially inner edge of this bit is advantageously directed perpendicular to a plane of the metal frame with folded Tilt worn in the transport direction.
  • a fissure wood blank can advantageously be introduced into an opening enclosed by the metal frame, so that a radial direction of the metal frame corresponds to a radial direction of the fissured wood blank. This is particularly advantageous because the vertical direction to the radial directions or to the said plane substantially corresponds to the transport direction and a fiber direction of a split wood blank.
  • the at least two gap pieces are designed as splitting blades and / or as splitting cones.
  • This is at least one drive element advantageously such that the split pieces in the radial direction can be acted upon by a force directed in the radial direction from outside to inside.
  • the advantage is that, due to the short splitting movement of the splitting knives, a gap can be produced in a split wood blank with little effort, continuing as a crack along a fiber direction.
  • split pieces made of cast iron are well suited for this purpose.
  • the gap piece has a converging course in only one dimension as in the case of a chisel and has the cutting edge of the chisel shape in the transport direction. Since the transport direction generally corresponds essentially to the fiber direction, this is particularly favorable for the formation of cracks.
  • the split pieces are substantially conical with radially inwardly pointing apex cone and have at the apex of a facedschraubgewinde and drive element as a rotation means for rotating the split pieces.
  • the gap element is formed as a split ring and / or the Abinlement formed as a saw and / or squeezing.
  • both the gap element and the Abinlement is advantageously designed for tree trunks as fissured wood blanks.
  • a split ring with a metal frame is a simple realization of the requirement to arrange two or more gap pieces directed in the radial direction from outside to inside each other.
  • a sawing and / or squeezing unit is a simple embodiment of a trimming member.
  • a chainsaw is particularly advantageous at this point, as it can be easily arranged on the split ring and allows a safe cutting.
  • a Quetliki with two converging cutting edges is conceivable.
  • a squeezing unit advantageously enables comparatively low-noise work for forestry operation.
  • the device comprises a turning unit for rotating the split wood blank about an axis pointing in the direction of transport.
  • a turning unit for example, is a motor-driven roller with a rotation axis, which corresponds to the transport axis.
  • this rotary roller is designed as a spiked roller.
  • this rotary roller comprises gear elements. If this axis of rotation is advantageously arranged above a split wood blank, the split wood blank in the holding element can be rotated, for example, by loosening the split wood blank in the clamps and by acting on a rotation of the turning unit, thereby enabling a further split in a not yet cracked angular range. This is particularly advantageous since, after a splitting operation, the split wood blank can be reversed and again split in another angular position. Thus, preferably a smaller split wood dicing can be achieved.
  • the invention relates to an assembly with a device for producing fissile wood, wherein the device is designed as a trailer for a carrier unit for holding and transporting the device and comprises a rotator of the device for rotating on the carrier unit.
  • the formation as an aggregate is particularly advantageous because in this way a tree trunk lying on the ground can be raised and completely processed. Parts of a log that have been split with the splitting element and cut to length with the cut-off element can be dropped directly onto a truck or other storage or transport device. This can save a lot of time.
  • a tree trunk can be further processed directly in the forest in this way, without the need to set up another device for log splitting or a tree trunk would have to be transported to prepare for the splitting process.
  • a rotator for rotating the device advantageously serves for better maneuverability.
  • the unit is used for the most effective, cost-effective reclamation and direct picking up of logs.
  • an aggregate is provided, which splits fissile wood blanks such as tree trunks orthogonal to a fiber direction.
  • gap lengths of 1 m and more on each side of the gap element, ie a total of 2 m and more are possible, whereby an enormous speed advantage over the prior art is achieved.
  • This speed can be increased by the additional attachment of feed rollers.
  • the first and second pliers or instead of the second pliers two laterally next to a split wood blank arranged rollers with a vertical axis of rotation conceivable between which a split wood blank is displaced by a rotational movement of the rollers.
  • the aggregate is supplemented by a camera, preferably in the vicinity of the holding elements and / or in the vicinity of the gap element.
  • a camera preferably in the vicinity of the holding elements and / or in the vicinity of the gap element.
  • a turning unit of the apparatus for fissure wood production of the unit is equipped with a camera.
  • a turning process can advantageously be carried out very precisely.
  • processing with such an aggregate is enormously reduced in noise as compared to conventional methods using prior art chainsaws, splitters and circular saws.
  • an operation by only a trained person such as a forestry or construction machine operator is possible, which can work advantageously in sheltered and dry environment from the driver's seat of a cabin.
  • Such an aggregate also allows a high hourly throughput of space meters and reduces the risk of accidents with respect to conventional methods with conventional devices with regard to, for example, bruising and cutting injuries.
  • a carrier unit such as an excavator after the tree harvest for other work is still usable, such as for loading work or for a harvester head.
  • the unit is attached via a thrust jacket to the rotator, which can be horizontally displaced relative to the aggregate for balancing.
  • thrust jacket is to be understood a carriage with a linear guide. This is advantageous because in this way longer fissure wood blanks can be balanced so that they be held substantially horizontally in the device. This attitude is a completely new and necessary invention of such an aggregate.
  • a suspension device with a linear guide is particularly advantageously arranged on one of these guide tubes.
  • both tubes are arranged vertically spaced from one another parallel to one another, and the suspension device is displaceably arranged on the upper tube.
  • the suspension device preferably has an element which is vertically aligned in its greatest extent and, above this, a horizontally oriented element in its longest extension.
  • the horizontally oriented element is advantageously arranged parallel to the tubes.
  • the horizontally and vertically aligned elements together form the shape of a hook.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing split wood from a split wood blank.
  • a first step is the gripping of a split wood blank with a holding element. This is followed by guiding a fissure wood blank with a holding element into a gap element.
  • the next step is the driving of at least two gap pieces in the radial direction from outside to inside orthogonal to a fiber direction of the split wood blank into the split wood blank.
  • the production of at least one crack follows in the transport direction, which continues from the split wood blank in both transport directions.
  • the return of the at least two split pieces from the inside to the outside in their starting position includes.
  • Another step is the continuation of the fissile wood element obtained from the split wood blank or the obtained split wood elements by means of the holding element. This is followed by the cutting of the split split wood parts by a Abnostilement in the desired length.
  • step 3 namely the driving of at least two gap pieces in the radial direction from outside to inside orthogonal to a fiber direction of the split wood blank into the split wood blank, is very advantageous, since in this way a large volume of wood can be split by means of small gap pieces without great effort and time.
  • the split wood blank is arranged so that the fiber direction is substantially identical to the transport direction. Since the fibers are not always linear, there may be deviations here. Furthermore, a large amount of water from a split wood blank is released by this cross-splitting in comparison to the longitudinal splitting, resulting in a subsequent Drying process demonstrably considerably shortened.
  • the splitting process orthogonal to a fiber direction is used for the first time. In addition, the cutting is done the first time after splitting.
  • step 1 grasping a fissure wood blank, and before step 2, guiding the fissure wood blank with a retaining element into a gap element, folding down the flare element and the gap element with the Tilt featured in the gap position and then the vertical adjustment of the gap element with the lifting - And lowering device performed.
  • step 2 the guiding of a fissure wood blank with a holding element in a gap element, such that the fissure wood blank protrudes from the gap element in a length corresponding to the desired log length. This is advantageous since no further displacement is necessary during the subsequent cutting.
  • the method further comprises the steps of turning the split wood blank after the splitting operation with a turning unit in the splitting element about the axis pointing in the direction of transport by 15-45 ° and performing a further splitting operation after the turning operation.
  • the device comprises a control unit. This is advantageous because in this way the processes can be automated and optimized as desired.
  • the device is intended to automate the individual process steps, starting from the picking up of a log to the loading of the breakdown products or parts thereof, and to synchronize the motorized individual components of the device for producing split wood with each other.
  • a prototype that has already been built clarifies the technical feasibility and effectiveness of the finned wood production apparatus and the aggregate, particularly in a processor design.
  • Logs up to 5.0 m and a log diameter of up to 500 mm can be processed successfully.
  • the crack length is advantageously adjustable to 2x25cm. Even tree trunks with bark are fissile and can be cut to length.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of an apparatus 200 for the production of fissile wood.
  • a rotator 1 for mounting the apparatus 200 to a carrier unit (not shown) such as an excavator or crane is disposed.
  • the rotator 1 is arranged with a spaced element 32 on a Rotatorschlitten 2. This sits on a linear guide 41, which is bounded by a stop element 42.
  • the linear guide 41 is horizontal. In this way, a horizontal movement of the rotator carriage 2 enables a balancing of the device 200.
  • a pair of pliers 7 for gripping a split wood blank 15 (not shown) is arranged below this linear guide 41 on the side on which the stopper member 42 is seated.
  • This forceps 7 has an upper portion 37 on which the gripping arms of the forceps 7 diverge in a direction from top to bottom. At the upper end there is a forceps joint. A direction in which the gripping arms of the forceps 7 diverge in the upper portion 37 is perpendicular to the cross-sectional plane of this side view. Thus, a gripper arm of this forceps 7 runs out of the cross-sectional plane of this side view, the other in the cross-sectional plane. Furthermore, the pliers 7 has a lower portion 27 on which the gripping arms of the pliers converge again in a direction from top to bottom. With the lower portion 27 can advantageously be attacked lying on the ground tree trunk. Furthermore, the forceps 7 comprises an opening and closing device 47.
  • the device 200 comprises a turning unit 8. This is, for example, a piercing roller with an axis in the transport direction T.
  • a tree trunk held by the calipers 3 and 7 can preferably be rotated.
  • the pliers 3 and 7 together form the holding element 202.
  • a vertical linear guide 54 is arranged on the stop element 42 and the pliers 3 in the transport direction T opposite side.
  • This linear guide 54 is limited by a lower stop element 44. It serves as a lifting and lowering unit 4 for raising and lowering and thus setting a in the transport direction of the pliers 3 and 7 even further spaced Tilt driven 9.
  • the Tilt sexual 9 serves as a pivoting device for a gap disposed thereon element 5 and a Ablelement 6 arranged thereon.
  • a third holding forceps 10 is arranged on the Tilt issued 9, which also has an upper portion 20 and a lower portion 30. This also has an opening and closing mechanism 40. It serves for a better support and adjustment before the beginning of a splitting process.
  • a lifting and lowering device 4 for the Tilt dressed 9 advantageously serves a precise adjustment for the gap element with respect to an inserted split wood blank.
  • Fig. 2 shows a particular embodiment of a gap element.
  • This has a polygonal metal frame with eight corners, or edges shown in the cross-sectional view as edges.
  • This metal frame comprises an area in which a fissure wood blank 15 can be inserted.
  • the side surfaces of the gap frame, on which a drive element is arranged are slightly longer in the circumferential direction than the side surfaces on which no drive element is arranged.
  • a split wood blank 15 In the radial direction 18 a, 18 b, 18 c, 18 d inside a split wood blank 15 is shown. Furthermore, rotational directions 12 a, 12 b, 12 c, 12 d, 16 a, 17 a of the split wood blank 15 are shown in which the fissure wood blank 15 with a turning unit 8 (not shown here) is rotatable.
  • the gap pieces 11 a, 11 b, 11 c, 11 d widened first in a radial direction 18 a, 18 b, 18 c, 18 d from the outside in, point then a maximum extent 90 and then converge conically again.
  • the course can be like a chisel in only one dimension converging or conical.
  • the representation of the gap pieces 11 a, 11 b, 11 c, 11 d can indicate here both a chisel and a conical shape.
  • a bit would have in the illustrated two-dimensional tip a non-visible edge with an extension perpendicular to the radial directions 18 a, 18 b, 18 c, 18 d in the transport direction T (not shown).
  • Fig. 3 represents an embodiment of a further advantageous gap element 5. Introduced reference numerals are not necessarily repeated.
  • the drive elements 13 a, 13 b, 13 c, 13 d are in this case as of the metal frame cuboid with a square cross-sectional area in the radial direction 18 a, 18 b, 18 c, 18 d (not shown here) from inside to outside running hollow rods educated. Holes are perpendicular to a plane 61 a, 61 b, 61 c, 61 d shown on these hollow rods. These cuboid hollow rods are supported with wing plates 64 a, 64 b, 64 c, 64 d.
  • drive elements 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d can at the bores 61 a, 61 b, 61 c, 61 d, for example, electric motors or oil engines for acting on the Spalt Swisse11a, 11b, 11c, 11d with a radial direction 18 a, 18 b, 18 c , 18 d directed force or rotational loading can be arranged.
  • Through openings 70 are then split pieces 11 a, 11 b, 11 c, 11 d driven by means of the drive elements 13 a, 13 b, 13 c, 13 d in the radial direction 18 a, 18 b, 18 c, 18 d from the outside inwards.
  • the metal frame comprises in this embodiment, a front panel with aperture elements 68 a '; 68b '; 68 c '; 68 d '; 68 e '; 68 f '; 68 g '; 68 h '. Furthermore, it includes a rear panel with aperture elements 68 a, 68 b, 68 c, 68 d, 68 e, 68 f, 68 g, 68 h. In between plate elements are arranged, in each of which an imaginary normal vector in the radial direction 18 a, 18 b, 18 c, 18 d is directed.
  • This attachment portion has two rods 72 a, 72 b on the back, which are arranged perpendicular to the plate member of the metal frame. At the end of these rods 72 a, 72 b support members 62 a, 62 b are arranged for the pivot joint of the Tilt issued 9. Between the two rods 72 a, 72 b is to stabilize another rod 74 perpendicular thereto.
  • two more rods 78 a, 78 b arranged, which are connected at their end by another rod member 80 together.
  • the rod elements 78 a, 78 b can engage in the connecting element 80, a cylinder which can pivot the split ring in the Tilt Road upwards.
  • Fig. 4 shows an advantageous basic structure for a device 200. It consists of two parallel superposed tubes 108, 110.
  • the lower tube 110 serves as a linear guide 23 for the second forceps 3 (not shown).
  • the upper tube 108 serves as a linear guide for the taring element.
  • the two tubes 108, 110 are held together by two plate elements 112, 106, which are arranged at the two ends of the tubes, so that their longest extension points in the vertical direction.
  • a horizontal plate 104 is arranged, on which in turn vertical columnar elements 100, 102 are arranged.
  • a linear guide 54 is arranged for vertical attachment of the Tilt worn 9. They hereby serve as lifting and lowering unit 4.
  • a here of this lifting and lowering unit 4 oppositely arranged element of a vertical rod member 116 and disposed above horizontal in the direction of transport rod-like element 118 serves for taring the device to an aggregate. This is linearly displaceable on the upper tube 108.
  • Fig. 5 shows a front view
  • Fig. 6 shows a plan view
  • Fig. 7 shows a side view of the gap element according to the invention as in Fig. 3 , Introduced reference numerals will not be explained again.
  • Fig. 8 shows an oblique view
  • Fig. 10 a horizontal view
  • Fig. 11 a side view of the exemplary skeleton as in Fig. 4 , Introduced reference numerals will not be explained again.
  • Fig. 9 shows a close-up of the upper portion of a holder for the lifting and lowering unit 4. Introduced reference numerals will not be explained again.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Dispositif (200) de fabrication de bois de refend, comprenant un élément de retenue (202) destiné à retenir et à déplacer une ébauche de bois de refend, un élément de découpe à la longueur (6) destiné à découper l'ébauche de bois de refend à la longueur ainsi qu'un élément de fendage (5) pour le fendage de l'ébauche de bois de refend,
    dans lequel
    l'élément de fendage (5) comprend au moins deux pièces de fendage (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) agencées en vis-à-vis par rapport à une ébauche de bois de refend retenue par l'élément de retenue (202) et orientées dans la direction radiale (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d) de cette ébauche de bois de refend de manière à se rejoindre de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur, ainsi qu'au moins deux éléments de poussée (13a, 13b, 13c, 13d) destinés à pousser les pièces de fendage (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) dans l'ébauche de bois de refend,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de fendage (5) présente 4 à 10 pièces de fendage (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d).
  2. Dispositif (200) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de retenue (202) comporte au moins une première pince (7) destinée à saisir et à retenir l'ébauche de bois de refend.
  3. Dispositif (200) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de retenue (202) comporte un coulisseau (33) mobile perpendiculairement à une direction radiale (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d) dans la direction de transport (T) de l'ébauche de bois de refend, pourvu d'au moins une deuxième pince (3) destinée à saisir et à faire coulisser l'ébauche de bois de refend.
  4. Dispositif (200) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un dispositif d'inclinaison (9) pourvu d'un axe horizontal orienté perpendiculairement à la direction de transport (T) et destiné à relever l'élément de fendage (5) et l'élément de découpe à la longueur (6), lequel axe relie l'élément de fendage (5) et l'élément de découpe à la longueur (6) au reste du dispositif (200), est agencé à une extrémité latérale du dispositif (200).
  5. Dispositif (200) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de fendage (5)présente 6 à 8 pièces de fendage 11b, 11c, 11d), de préférence 6 pièces de fendage (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d).
  6. Dispositif (200) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    lesdites au moins deux pièces de fendage (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) sont réalisées sous la forme de couteaux à fendre et/ou sous la forme de coins à fendre, dans lequel ledit au moins un élément de poussée (13a, 13b, 13c, 13d) est constitué de telle manière que les pièces de fendage (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) peuvent être soumises dans la direction radiale (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d) à une force orientée de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur dans la direction radiale (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d).
  7. Dispositif (200) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les pièces de fendage (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) sont sensiblement coniques et présentent à la pointe du cône un filet de vis extérieur ainsi que, comme élément de poussée (13a, 13b, 13c, 13d), un moyen de rotation pour la rotation des pièces de fendage (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d).
  8. Dispositif (200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de fendage (5) est réalisé sous la forme d'une bague de fendage et/ou l'élément de découpe à la longueur (6) est réalisé sous la forme d'une scie et/ou d'une unité d'écrasement et le dispositif (200) est conçu en particulier pour des troncs d'arbre comme ébauches de bois de refend.
  9. Ensemble comprenant un dispositif (200) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif (200) est réalisé sous la forme d'une remorque pour une unité de support destinée à retenir et à transporter le dispositif et comporte un rotateur (1) pour la rotation du dispositif sur l'unité de support.
  10. Ensemble selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'ensemble est fixé au rotateur (1) par l'intermédiaire d'une enveloppe coulissante qui peut coulisser horizontalement par rapport à l'ensemble aux fins d'équilibrage.
  11. Procédé de fabrication de bois de refend à partir d'une ébauche de bois de refend, comprenant un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comportant au moins les étapes suivantes :
    - saisir une ébauche de bois de refend au moyen d'un élément de retenue (202)
    - guider une ébauche de bois de refend au moyen d'un élément de retenue (202) dans un élément de fendage
    - pousser dans l'ébauche de bois de refend 4 à 10 pièces de fendage (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) dans la direction radiale (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d) de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur perpendiculairement à une direction des fibres de l'ébauche de bois de refend
    - produire au moins une fissure dans la direction de transport (T), qui se prolonge à partir de l'ébauche de bois de refend dans les deux directions
    - ramener lesdites au moins deux pièces de fendage (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur dans leur position de départ,
    - continuer de guider l'élément de bois de refend obtenu de l'ébauche de bois de refend ou les éléments de bois de refend obtenus au moyen de l'élément de retenue (7)
    - découper à la longueur souhaitée les parties fendues du bois de refend au moyen d'un élément de découpe à la longueur (6).
  12. Procédé d'usinage d'une ébauche de bois de refend de manière à obtenir du bois de chauffage selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisé par les étapes supplémentaires suivantes :
    - amener en rotation l'ébauche de bois de refend après la procédure de fendage au moyen d'une unité de rotation (8) dans l'élément de fendage (5) de 15 à 45° autour de l'axe orienté dans la direction de transport (T)
    - mettre en oeuvre une procédure de fendage supplémentaire après la procédure de rotation.
EP14002663.4A 2013-08-02 2014-07-30 Procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication de bois de refend Active EP2832510B1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CH690673A5 (de) * 1996-01-24 2000-12-15 Ernst Brunner Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Spalten von Holz.
FR2758491B1 (fr) * 1997-01-23 1999-04-16 Roger Jose Louis Alonso Machine a fendre le bois en grande longueur
DE50206156D1 (de) * 2001-10-10 2006-05-11 Ernst Brunner Vorrichtung und verfahren zum spalten von holz
DE10302906A1 (de) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-05 Christian Kessler Holzbearbeitungsvorrichtung
WO2007085037A1 (fr) * 2006-01-30 2007-08-02 Werner Steininger Dispositif et procédé pour fendre des morceaux de bois allongés
FI118890B (fi) * 2006-10-06 2008-04-30 Nokka Yhtioet Oy Työkonejärjestelmä, johon kuuluu välineet prosessoitavan puun kaatamiseksi
AT507767B1 (de) * 2009-02-23 2010-08-15 Wernig Christoph Vorrichtung zur mobilen verarbeitung eines gefällten baumes
FI20110164A0 (fi) * 2011-05-16 2011-05-16 Yrjoe Raunisto Työkoneeseen kiinnitettävä puuta prosessoiva laite
FI20110165A0 (fi) * 2011-05-16 2011-05-16 Yrjoe Raunisto Työkoneeseen kiinnitettävä puuta prosessoiva laite
FI20125269L (fi) * 2012-03-13 2013-09-14 Hytar Oy Puunkäsittelylaite

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