EP2828213A1 - Procédé destiné à traiter des boues d'épuration par ajout d'un polymère organique et granulés issus de ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé destiné à traiter des boues d'épuration par ajout d'un polymère organique et granulés issus de ce procédé

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Publication number
EP2828213A1
EP2828213A1 EP13711409.6A EP13711409A EP2828213A1 EP 2828213 A1 EP2828213 A1 EP 2828213A1 EP 13711409 A EP13711409 A EP 13711409A EP 2828213 A1 EP2828213 A1 EP 2828213A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
granules
water
sewage sludge
absorbing
mass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13711409.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Auer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xtract GmbH
Original Assignee
Xtract GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE201210102473 external-priority patent/DE102012102473A1/de
Application filed by Xtract GmbH filed Critical Xtract GmbH
Publication of EP2828213A1 publication Critical patent/EP2828213A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C02F11/147—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using organic substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/26—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof
    • C02F2103/28—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof from the paper or cellulose industry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/32—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters
    • C02F2103/325—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters from processes relating to the production of wine products
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to a process for the treatment of sewage sludge, in which the water-containing, possibly mitteis a dehydration and / or drying process partially dewatered sewage sludge with a material containing or consisting of a water-absorbing organic polymer material is mixed, and thereby the moisture of the sewage sludge is partially absorbed by the polymer material, wherein the water-absorbing organic polymer material is water-insoluble and swellable at room temperature and normal pressure and at least 4 times, preferably at least 10 times, more preferably at least 30 times, its own weight Can absorb water.
  • the water-containing sewage sludge is converted into a granulate.
  • the water absorption capacity of the organic polymer materials is to be regarded as a material property of these pure materials; In contrast, in the real sludge-containing compositions of the invention, the actual water uptake of the water-absorbing organic polymer materials may be much lower (for example, because there is not enough water).
  • the granules thus obtained may be further treated in a process for drying by contact with a gaseous medium or by supplying thermal energy.
  • the invention is directed to granules which are obtainable by the described method, and their use.
  • Hydrous materials such as suspensions, sludges, filter cakes, pastes and wet solids, especially those from wastewater treatment, are often difficult to handle.
  • the poor storage and transport properties of wet materials are a particular problem.
  • dehumidification succeeds often only with difficulty. Due to the moisture and the partially thixotropic behavior of such materials, caking or sticking is often formed during transport, storage or processing.
  • Sewage sludge usually accumulates in sewage treatment as liquid sludge or after mechanical dewatering as a moist solid. Sewage sludge contains organic matter in the form of living or dead microorganisms; In addition, sewage sludge may contain mineral substances as well as inorganic or organic compounds which may be dissolved or undissolved. Residues from the cleaning of household waste water or industrial wastewater may contain, in addition to organic material in the form of living or dead microorganisms, numerous other compounds in different proportions, depending on the source of the wastewater.
  • Sewage sludge in this application refers to all materials originating from processes involving a step for the biological treatment of domestic or industrial wastewaters, or from processes involving a biological process step, for example using microorganisms, for example fermentation residues from biogas plants, residues from the production of foodstuffs such as cloudy substances from beer, must, wine or juices, residues from agriculture or residues from the cleaning of household wastewater or industrial wastewater.
  • microorganisms for example fermentation residues from biogas plants, residues from the production of foodstuffs such as cloudy substances from beer, must, wine or juices, residues from agriculture or residues from the cleaning of household wastewater or industrial wastewater.
  • Residues from the paper industry which in addition to mineral fillers and pigments also contain fibers and organic compounds, constitute sewage sludge in the context of the invention.
  • the mechanical dewatering of sewage sludge and / or residues from the purification of domestic wastewater or industrial wastewater is usually first by filter presses, centrifuges, belt presses or screw presses after the liquid sludge flocculants, such as organic polymeric compounds were added.
  • a particular problem is the poor handling, storage and transport properties of sewage sludge. Due to the high humidity and partly thixotropic behavior, caking is often formed.
  • WO 2005 095 291 describes a process in which first a sewage sludge suspension is thickened with the aid of a flocculant in the form of an organic polymer material and then a second flocculant based on an organic polymer material is added to the thickened suspension and finally a mechanical dewatering process follows ,
  • EP 2 228 347 describes a method and an apparatus for dewatering mechanically dewatered sewage sludge.
  • the sewage sludge is conveyed by means of a screw located in a closed housing along the longitudinal axis of the screw conveyor in a conveying direction, being blown for further dewatering of sewage sludge air substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction in the closed housing and the sewage sludge is acted upon with the air. This has a high expenditure on equipment and energy costs result.
  • the object is achieved by a method for treating sewage sludge, in which the water-containing sewage sludge is mixed with a material containing or consisting of a water-absorbing organic polymer material and the moisture of the sewage sludge is at least partially absorbed by the polymer material, wherein the Water-absorbing, organic polymer material is water-insoluble and swellable at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and can absorb at least 4 times, preferably at least 10 times, more preferably at least 30 times its own weight of water.
  • the water-containing sewage sludge is converted into a granulate.
  • the water absorption capacity of the organic polymer materials is to be regarded as a material property of these pure materials; in the real world
  • the sludge-containing compositions according to the invention can be the actual water absorption of the water-absorbing organic
  • polymeric materials should be much smaller (for example because not enough water is available).
  • the water-absorbing organic polymer material contains or consists of a superabsorbent and / or a hydrogel.
  • additives In addition to the water-absorbing organic polymeric materials, finely divided materials may additionally be added as additives. Additives which are combustible are of particular interest in an intentional combustion of sewage sludge.
  • the sewage sludge mixed with the polymer material is converted into a granular form, which consists of a large number of, in particular, flowable and / or free-flowing as well as particulate granules.
  • Granules are understood as meaning a flowable and pourable, particulate material.
  • the appearance is often grainy to powdery. However, the appearance thereof may vary as long as the material is flowable and free-flowing.
  • a material is defined as free-flowing and free-flowing if, in a glass cylinder filled with 500 ml volume and 48 mm diameter filled with it, a maximum of 10% by weight of the material adhere when turned over.
  • the process is preferably characterized in that the granules have a sieve passage of more than 80% by weight on a 5 mm sieve, preferably on a 4 mm sieve, more preferably on a 2.5 mm sieve.
  • the method is furthermore preferably characterized in that the dry matter content of the granules preferably obtained by application of a granulation method is 10 to 50% by weight, preferably 15 to 45% by weight, particularly preferably 20 to 35% by weight.
  • This information refers to the state immediately after the preparation, when the granules leave the granulation, as the granules can quickly release moisture in air.
  • the resulting granules form a transportable, in particular pneumatically conveyable and not to caking prone bulk material.
  • the granules do not stick permanently to each other or to the wall of containers.
  • the morphology and particle size of the granules is dependent on the type and amount of water-absorbing, organic polymer material and the type and intensity of the mixture or of the mixing unit.
  • the composition of the sewage sludge and the particle size of the water-absorbing, organic polymer material (superabsorber) can also have an influence.
  • a suitable granule size is adjusted by suitable selection and dosage amount of the water-absorbing, organic polymer material.
  • the finely divided materials according to claim 9 can be used in an amount of from 3 to 50% by mass, preferably from 5 to 30% by mass, particularly preferably from 10 to 20% by mass, based on the weight of aqueous, moist sewage sludge to which they are added. be added to optimize the granule properties.
  • the finely divided, preferably pulverulent, materials have a BET surface area of more than 50 m 2 / g, preferably more than 100 m 2 / g, particularly preferably more than 200 m 2 / g.
  • the finely divided, pulverulent materials at least 80%, preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95% of the adsorbed or absorbed moisture at temperatures of less than 50 ° C, preferred less than 40 ° C, more preferably less than 30 ° C, again can deliver.
  • the release of moisture takes place by contact with a gas, preferably air, at room temperature.
  • the finely divided materials are combustible.
  • coal, wood flour or other combustible materials are suitable or substances containing the materials mentioned.
  • the finely divided materials may also be added in an amount of 50 to 1000% by mass, preferably 100 to 300% by mass, particularly preferably 100 to 200% by mass, based on the mass of hydrous, moist sewage sludge to which they are added , if thereby the further, in particular thermal, recovery is favored.
  • the granules additionally from 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably from 0.1 to 5% by mass, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 3% by mass, of materials which contain water or moisture may be added chemically, preferably cement, in particular cement with a setting time of less than 1 hour, quicklime, fly ash, anhydride or salts, which are able to move into a crystal water-rich form.
  • cement in particular cement with a setting time of less than 1 hour, quicklime, fly ash, anhydride or salts, which are able to move into a crystal water-rich form.
  • Particularly advantageous may be the addition of CaO, as this facilitates the use of the wet and dried granules, e.g. in agriculture.
  • the addition of the materials which can bind water or moisture chemically following the addition of the other additives and formation of the granules, since in this way a setting and curing of the entire mass is avoided during mixing.
  • water-absorbing organic polymeric materials primarily includes so-called “superabsorbents.”
  • superabsorbents includes in particular those polymers which are capable of absorbing by swelling a multiple of their own weight in water or other liquids and to retain the absorbed amount of liquid even under a certain pressure.
  • Superabsorbents can be of natural or synthetic origin. From DE 202011002784, potato starch or polysaccharides of a general type are known as examples of natural superabsorbents.
  • a superabsorbent is on the rise! a so-called base polymer, in particular a consisting of acrylic acid (propenoic acid, C 3 H 4 0 2 ) and sodium acrylate (sodium salt of acrylic acid, a0 2 C 3 H3) existing copolymer, wherein the ratio of the two monomers to each other may vary.
  • a so-called core crosslinker is added to the monomer solution, which connects the long-chain polymer molecules formed in places with each other by chemical bridges (crosslinked). These bridges make the polymer water insoluble.
  • the insolubility in water caused by the three-dimensional crosslinking is an essential feature of the superabsorbents or hydrogels used according to the invention.
  • This water insolubility distinguishes this polymer material substantially from chemically very similar flocculants or flocculation aids, which are not three-dimensionally crosslinked. When liquid or moisture penetrates into a polymer particle, it swells and tightens At the molecular level this network so that the liquid or moisture is bound.
  • the water-absorbing, organic polymer materials or superabsorbents are i.d.R. Small, powdery particles with diameters ranging from the nanometer range to several hundred micrometers, but can also have a size in the millimeter range.
  • synthetic superabsorbents are prepared by polymerizing partially neutralized acrylic acids in aqueous solution in the presence of polyfunctional crosslinkers by free-radical reaction to give a gel which is dried, ground and classified into the desired particle size.
  • Superabsorbents are also known which are formed in the reaction of natural compounds with synthetic materials or monomers. Furthermore, superabsorbent substances are known which form a mixture of polymeric superabsorbers and ground mineral additives.
  • SAP particles can be particles of superabsorbent polymer in the dry state, especially particles that contain either no water at all or up to about 10% by weight of water, as disclosed in DE 602004002202.
  • superabsorbent gel, superabsorbent hydrogel then refer to a superabsorbent polymer having a water content of at least about 10% by weight, typically particles that have absorbed at least their own weight and typically many times their own weight in water.
  • the use of pre-swollen superabsorbent gels or hydrogels or superabsorbent hydrogels may be advantageous because hydrogels that are not yet saturated with liquid, in some cases absorb more fluid more quickly.
  • the present invention thus also encompasses the use of hydrogels for (ver) mixing with sewage sludge.
  • EDNA European Disposables and Nonwovens Association
  • ERT EDNA Recommended Test Methods
  • a water-absorbing organic polymeric material is understood to mean all superabsorbents or superabsorbent compositions containing superabsorbents or hydrogels, which are characterized in that they are in accordance with EDNA ERT 440.2-02 or ISO 17190-5: 2001-12 have a swelling capacity (FSC value) of at least 4 g / g, preferably 10 g / g and particularly preferably more than 30 g / g.
  • FSC value swelling capacity
  • the water-absorbing organic polymeric materials include or are comprised of polymers of acrylic acid, preferably a copolymer of sodium acrylate and acrylamide.
  • the presently specified superabsorbents or hydrogels or substances or materials containing them are thus part of the subject of the invention. It is particularly advantageous with the superabsorbers or hydrogels that only a small amount is required due to their high water binding potential. In this way, the total mass of sewage sludge is increased only slightly and the cost of mixing, packaging, storage and transport is limited.
  • the superabsorbents only have to absorb a small part of the water present in order to achieve a considerable change in the consistency of the sewage sludge (suspension, sludge, filter cake or paste is introduced into the sludge) Granules converted). Due to the small amount of superabsorber added, the residual moisture content of the resulting granules is generally scarcely changed in comparison to the residual moisture of the sewage sludge before the addition of the superabsorbent. With the help of superabsorbents or hydrogels, therefore, it is possible to obtain stable and easy-to-handle granules despite a generally very high water content.
  • the addition amount of the water-absorbing organic polymeric materials may be from 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 3% by weight, more preferably from 0.3 to 2% by weight, based on the total mass of the (wet) Sewage sludge, amount.
  • Luquasorb 1 161 from BASF or Favor from Evonik can be used. With the same dosage or processing, slightly finer granules can be obtained with Luquasorb 1161.
  • the granules are characterized in that they have a bulk density of less than 1, 6 g / cm 3 , preferably less than 1, 2 g / cm 3 , more preferably less than 1, 0 g / cm 3 , and / or a tamped density (1000 strokes in the tamping volume according to DIN 53 94) of less than 1.7 g / cm 3 , preferably less than 1.5 g / cm 3 , more preferably less than 1.4 g / cm 3 .
  • the purpose of the flocculants is to combine solid particles or microflakes into larger structures, while the purpose of the superabsorbents is to bind or absorb water.
  • Superabsorbents or hydrogels in the sense of this invention are therefore only those compounds which have a swelling capacity or a water absorption capacity of at least 4 g / g, but not such compounds which are water-soluble and act as flocculating agents (and occasionally also erroneously referred to as superabsorbents).
  • additives for reducing the development of odors for example iron sulfate, may additionally be added.
  • a combination of a superabsorbent and a finely divided material as additives for sewage sludge.
  • the finely divided material is combustible, favorable synergistic properties result: The required amount of superabsorbent for the formation of suitable granules is less, and the finely divided material has in addition to its promoting the granulation function additionally the positive effect of an energy carrier in a subsequent combustion of granules.
  • a combination of a superabsorbent and a finely divided, combustible material as additives for sewage sludge when the finely divided, combustible, material is in a moist state and for the intended use as an energy source to undergo a drying step, such as wet coal, especially lignite.
  • a drying step such as wet coal, especially lignite.
  • joint processing and drying is possible, resulting in significant cost savings.
  • the sewage sludge is mechanically dewatered, or partially dewatered, prior to the addition of the water-absorbing, organic polymer material, for example by means of a filter press or a centrifuge.
  • a dry matter content of 10 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 15 to 45 wt .-%, particularly preferably 20 to 35 wt .-%, can be achieved.
  • the sewage sludge is preferably in particulate or pasty form, but not as a suspension, and is then mixed with the water-absorbing organic polymer material and transferred to granules.
  • the mixing can be continuous or discontinuous. Continuous mixing can better prevent initial caking of the sewage sludge, especially if a partial stream of dried sewage sludge is recycled to the mixing process. In this way, the metered amount of the water-absorbing organic polymer material can be reduced.
  • coal or mineral additives as filtration aids to the not yet mechanically dewatered sewage sludge.
  • the mechanical drainage can be favorably influenced.
  • the mechanical dehydration is advantageous because in this way only comparatively small amounts of water-absorbing, organic polymer material are required to form the granules according to the invention.
  • all mixers, stirrers, kneaders or other devices can be used, which allow a sufficiently large homogeneity of the mix in a reasonable time.
  • devices with high-speed mixing tools can be suitable.
  • Typical mixing times for the formation of the granules according to the invention in devices with high-speed mixing tools are about one to three minutes.
  • all components can be added either one after the other or together in the mixing device. It may be advantageous to first add the superabsorbent and / or a finely divided and / or powdery additive and only then the sewage sludge into the mixing unit. Too long mixing time can lead to clumping and sticking; that's why it's the mixing process abort as soon as the resulting granules have sufficiently good flow properties.
  • the granules obtained according to the invention have good storage and transport properties and can be filled as bulk material in containers and removed from them again.
  • the granules are characterized in that they are pneumatically conveyed.
  • the moisture content of the resulting granules is reduced by contact with a gaseous medium, preferably by fluidized bed or fluidized bed drying, and / or by supplying thermal energy.
  • the granules can be dried by adding a gaseous medium, e.g. Air is passed through the granules or past the granules. Due to the significantly larger compared to the liquid, pasty or lumpy starting material surface of the granules drying takes place very quickly.
  • a gaseous medium e.g. Air is passed through the granules or past the granules. Due to the significantly larger compared to the liquid, pasty or lumpy starting material surface of the granules drying takes place very quickly.
  • the geometric surface of granules with a diameter of 10 mm becomes larger by a factor of 20, with a diameter of 1 mm the factor the surface enlargement 200, with a diameter of 0.1 mm, the factor of the surface enlargement 2000.
  • the time it takes water to get from the inside of a particle to its surface is considerably smaller for smaller particles than for large ones. With good gas exchange at the surface of the particles, this may be the rate-determining step for drying.
  • gaseous medium air, preferably heated air having a temperature of less than 70 ° C, particularly preferably having a temperature of 40 to 60 ° C, can be used. It is particularly advantageous to dry the moisture content of the granules obtained in the mixture with a gas which contains waste heat which is otherwise not usable.
  • the waste heat of an industrial combustion process can be used, which can no longer be used to generate electricity or steam.
  • waste heat from sewage sludge incineration can be used to dry fresh sewage sludge granules.
  • the sewage sludge Due to the good storage and transportability of the granules, which are obtained when mixing sewage sludge with the water-absorbing, organic polymer material, the sewage sludge can be easily moved to a place where such waste heat is obtained.
  • a storage in silos or a transport in silo vehicles is made possible, so that odors are avoided. Furthermore, it is possible to carry out the drying of the granules in the silo vehicle by passing air through the silo.
  • the resulting granules are in the form of a bed in a bulk material container, preferably a silo, which is flowed through by a gas, is particularly preferably flows through from bottom to top.
  • the gas velocity is preferably chosen so that the obtained granules in the form of a fixed bed and have no macroscopic movement.
  • the granules obtained may be in the form of a flat bed, wherein the height of the bed is less than 0.5 m, preferably less than 0.3 m, more preferably less than 0.1 m.
  • the drying effect can be additionally accelerated by the granules are swept by a gas stream, which is preferably produced by fans. Also contact of the granules with an absorbent pad can cause or support a moisture reduction.
  • drying units which operate on the principle of contact drying, such as drum, tumble, plate, screw or paddle dryer.
  • the formation of granules according to the invention is particularly advantageous because it significantly reduces the negative effects of the so-called "glue phase” during the drying of sewage sludge.
  • a sticky phase occurs due to the mechanical stress "Glue phase” on. This causes, for example, in thin-film dryers significant problems (for example, blockages, damage to the drives).
  • the granules can be dried without any problem, as they undergo mostly rolling motions and do not have to be cut mechanically to create a fresh surface.
  • Particularly advantageous is the formation of granules in the drying unit by adding a superabsorbent or hydrogel, when the material to be dried tends to form caking or shows thixotropic behavior.
  • the process according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the case of materials to be dried having a high degree of abrasiveness, for example sewage sludge with a high proportion of mineral compounds.
  • abrasiveness for example sewage sludge with a high proportion of mineral compounds.
  • the formation of granules the abrasive effect of such materials can be significantly reduced. This is made possible, for example, by the granules in a drum dryer performing predominantly no grinding but rolling movements.
  • Particularly advantageous in abrasive materials is the use of a drum dryer. Due to the favorable surface-to-volume ratio of a drum dryer, the proportion of granule particles that touches the dryer wall is relatively low.
  • the moisture content of the granules obtained and subsequently dried during the mixing may preferably be less than 30% by weight, preferably from 5 to 25% by weight, particularly preferably from 10 to 20% by weight.
  • the moisture content or the moisture or the residual moisture corresponds to the weight loss, which occurs at 105 ° C in a drying oven until the mass constancy is reached. Mass constancy is considered reached when the mass change between 30-minute weighing intervals less than 0.1% absolute.
  • the dry matter content (or solids content) in% corresponds to 100% minus residual moisture content (in%).
  • the invention also granules, which are obtainable by one of the claimed methods.
  • the invention preferably comprises granules comprising water-containing or moist, in particular partially dewatered, sewage sludge and also 0.01 to 10 wt.%, Preferably 0.05 to 3 wt.%, Particularly preferably 0.3 to 2 wt organic polymeric materials based on the mass of the aqueous or moist sewage sludge, preferably superabsorbent and / or hydrogel (s).
  • the dry matter content of the resulting granules is 10 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 15 to 45 wt .-%, particularly preferably 20 to 35 wt .-%.
  • a superabsorbent or a hydrogel but also mixtures of one or more superabsorbents and / or one or more hydrogels can be used.
  • the granules may contain further additives in the form of finely divided materials.
  • the finely divided additives may be either dry and / or powdery or moist.
  • dry and / or powdered additives are the lower requirement for water-absorbing organic polymeric materials.
  • wet additives is the synergy in a common drying process.
  • combustible materials are used as finely divided additives, e.g. moist or dry coal, in particular coal dust, wherein the proportion of the combustible or additives based on the dry mass of sewage sludge preferably 5 to 200 wt .-%, particularly preferably 20 to 50 wt .-%, is.
  • Finely divided additives may be: sand, CaO, pyrogenic SiO2, dusts from metal processing, filter dusts or mineral wastes.
  • the volume fraction of the cavities in a granulate bed formed from the granules is 2 to 35 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 25 wt .-%, more preferably 10 to 20%.
  • the determination of the volume fraction of the cavities can be determined by adding a water-immiscible solvent in a granular bed and the required amount is determined up to the upper edge of the granular bed.
  • a further advantage is that storage in silos or transport in silo vehicles is made possible by the conditioning of the sewage sludge according to the invention, so that odor nuisance is avoided.
  • the treatment of sewage sludge according to the invention can be carried out jointly for the mineral fraction (primary sludge), the activated sludge fraction (also biological fraction) or both.
  • the granules obtained are to be dried, it is advantageous to provide granules which, on the one hand, have the largest possible geometric surface area, but on the other hand are not blown away by the gas stream used for drying. Preference is therefore given to preparing granules having an average diameter (volume average) of 0.1 to 20 mm, preferably 0.5 to 10 mm, particularly preferably 1 to 5 mm.
  • the determination of the granule size and the mass fraction is carried out by (light microscopic) counting assuming a constant density and a spherical shape of the individual particles.
  • the granules preferably have a sieve passage of more than 80% by weight on a 5 mm sieve, preferably on a 4 mm sieve, more preferably on a 2.5 mm sieve.
  • the bulk density of the (not dried) sewage sludge granules is at least 0%, more preferably more than 20% less than the density of the sewage sludge prior to the addition of the water-absorbing, organic polymer material.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention is the return of a partial flow of dried material in the mixing and granulation process.
  • a partial fraction of the dried granules can be separated by sieving and the coarse and too fine granules can be recirculated to the mixing and granulation process.
  • the invention shows the advantages that sewage sludge can be converted by simple addition of a water-absorbing organic polymer material in a granulate and thus in a manageable form, so that storage or transport as bulk material or pneumatic conveying is much easier.
  • the granule structure allows a much easier evaporation or evaporation of moisture and thus efficient drying of the sewage sludge, which was possible in the prior art only by means of complex mechanical support or with the aid of considerable amounts of thermal energy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à traiter des boues d'épuration pour ainsi améliorer leurs propriétés de stockage et/ou de transport, caractérisé en ce que lesdites boues d'épuration sont transformées en granulés en y ajoutant un matériau polymère organique absorbant l'eau, des matériaux polymères organiques absorbant l'eau, de préférence des superabsorbants et/ou des hydrogels, étant utilisés comme additifs. En outre, l'invention concerne des granulés contenant des boues d'épuration ainsi que des matériaux polymères organiques absorbant l'eau, de préférence des superabsorbants et/ou des hydrogels.
EP13711409.6A 2012-03-22 2013-03-22 Procédé destiné à traiter des boues d'épuration par ajout d'un polymère organique et granulés issus de ce procédé Withdrawn EP2828213A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210102473 DE102012102473A1 (de) 2012-03-22 2012-03-22 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Klärschlamm
DE102012102475 2012-03-22
PCT/EP2013/056067 WO2013139959A1 (fr) 2012-03-22 2013-03-22 Procédé destiné à traiter des boues d'épuration par ajout d'un polymère organique et granulés issus de ce procédé

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EP2828213A1 true EP2828213A1 (fr) 2015-01-28

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