EP2819819B1 - Procédé de production de matériaux ligneux et/ou de matériaux composites - Google Patents

Procédé de production de matériaux ligneux et/ou de matériaux composites Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2819819B1
EP2819819B1 EP13707362.3A EP13707362A EP2819819B1 EP 2819819 B1 EP2819819 B1 EP 2819819B1 EP 13707362 A EP13707362 A EP 13707362A EP 2819819 B1 EP2819819 B1 EP 2819819B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
wood
hot air
steam
fibers
thermomechanically
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Application number
EP13707362.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2819819A1 (fr
Inventor
Alireza Kharazipour
Markus Euring
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Georg August Universitaet Goettingen
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Georg August Universitaet Goettingen
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wood and / or composites (especially fiber composites, chipboard and Oriented or Unoriented Structural Boards and insulation materials and insulation boards) and methods for their preparation.
  • fiber composite materials wet, dry or semi-dry processes are usually used, and the fibers are cured after web formation, for example, to porous fibreboards, medium-density fiberboard (MDF), hard fiberboard (HDF), insulating materials or insulating boards by means of hot pressing (eg. Conti-roll), oven drying or steam or vapor-air mixture.
  • MDF medium-density fiberboard
  • HDF hard fiberboard
  • insulating materials or insulating boards by means of hot pressing (eg. Conti-roll), oven drying or steam or vapor-air mixture.
  • wood fibers with thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic fibers provided as a binder, from which a nonwoven fabric is produced. Similar methods exist for chipboard or boards.
  • wood and / or composite material is understood in particular to mean materials which consist primarily of thermohydrolytically, mechanically, thermomechanically, chemically or chemo-thermomechanically comminuted and / or digested lignocellulose-containing material which after being glued to a synthetic material or natural binders are formed.
  • wood and / or composite materials are understood in particular to be fiber composites, particleboard and Oriented or unoriented structural boards, as well as insulating materials and insulating boards.
  • fiber composites are in particular single-layer or multi-layer fibreboards, medium-density fiberboard (MDF) and hard fiberboard (HDF), with a bulk density ⁇ 400 kg / m 3 to about 1200 kg / m 3 , insulation materials or insulation boards or porous fiberboard with a density of 20 kg / m 3 to 400 kg / m 3 understood.
  • MDF boards usually have a bulk density ⁇ 400 kg / m 3 to 900 kg / m 3 and thicknesses between 3 mm to 60 mm.
  • HDF sheets usually have gross densities ⁇ 900 kg / m 3 and thicknesses between 1 mm and 10 mm.
  • Porous fiberboards and wood fiber insulating materials / sheets usually have gross densities ⁇ 400 kg / m 3 and thicknesses up to 200 mm.
  • chipboard is understood to mean, in particular, single-layer or multi-layer chipboard as a rule with a bulk density of about 400 kg / m 3 to 750 kg / m 3 with thicknesses of 7 mm to 70 mm.
  • single- or multi-layer insulation materials and insulation boards made of chips which can also have a lower density than normal chipboard understood. These have densities ⁇ 400 kg / m 3 .
  • OSB Oriented Structural Boards
  • multilayer coarse chipboard with crosswise orientation of the chips preferably Strands
  • the strength values compared with chipboard can be significantly increased when using suitable adhesives.
  • USB unoriented structural boards
  • OSB or USB disks usually have bulk densities between 600 kg / m 3 and 700 kg / m 3 and thicknesses between 6 mm and 30 mm.
  • the wood and / or composite materials may be single-layered or multi-layered.
  • the wood and / or composites may be either pure (one type of fibers / chips / strands) or mixed (combining at least two types of fibers / chips / strands or mixtures thereof).
  • wood and / or composites may be used without or with additives, e.g. Hardener, water repellents, flame retardants, mediators, etc., are produced.
  • additives e.g. Hardener, water repellents, flame retardants, mediators, etc.
  • thermomechanically comminuted and / or digested lignocellulose-containing material is meant in particular fibers, chips, strands or mixtures thereof.
  • fibers in the context of the present invention, wood fibers are understood in particular; however, the present invention is not limited to such that under the Term “fibers” also mixtures of wood fibers and plastic fibers are understood, and fibers from single or multi-annual plants.
  • fibers with a length of ⁇ 1 mm to ⁇ 6 mm and a fiber diameter of ⁇ 0.1 mm to ⁇ 1 mm are preferred.
  • chips in the sense of the present invention are understood to mean chipped wood material and chips from single or multi-year plants, in particular sawmill by-products, such as wood shavings, sawdust, peeling chips, etc., as well as chipped particles made of chipboard and Scrap boards also as chips. Chips can be subdivided into cover and middle layer chips. The chip sizes differ in fine material (cover shavings of about 0.3 mm to 1 mm in length and 0.2 mm in thickness) and coarse material (middle shavings of about 1 mm to 5 mm in length, and 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm in thickness ).
  • “Strands” are understood to mean special, namely long and narrow cutting chips, which are particularly suitable for the direction-oriented and -unoriented scattering of OSB and USB disks by their shape.
  • the dimensions are ideally about 100 mm in length and 10 mm in width.
  • the binders mentioned can be used alone or in combination.
  • the chips or strands are preferably glued after drying in conventional Beleimungsaggregaten and fed after Span- / Strandkuchen Kunststoffung (single-layer or multi-layered) the inventive method.
  • throughflow is understood to mean, in particular, that the hot air and then saturated superheated steam in the production of wood and / or composite materials, insulating materials or insulation boards (fiber / chip / OSB / USB) by the entire and compressed nonwoven fabric or the entire chip / beach cake in one or more directions around and / or flows through.
  • the materials are preferably during the pre-compression or afterwards with hot air and / or flows through and then pressed.
  • the mixture of binder and mechanically or thermomechanically comminuted and / or digested lignocellulose-containing material in mat or nonwoven form is provided in step a).
  • This can be done depending on the application in non-compressed, precompressed or compacted form.
  • the mats or webs can be conveyed batchwise or continuously on a conveyor belt at a corresponding speed; this has proved to be particularly practical and insofar as preferred.
  • hot air in the context of the invention u.a. understood in particular with different units for heating or heating brought ambient air, gases or pollutant-free exhaust gases or exhaust air from the production process. These units may be, for example, electric, gas, oil operated.
  • the air is in the aggregate e.g. accelerated by a fan in flow (suction or blow) brought.
  • the hot air can be conducted on one side or both sides or on several sides in the nonwoven or chip cake.
  • the hot air used in step b) preferably has a vapor content of ⁇ 5%, more preferably of ⁇ 3%, more preferably of ⁇ 1%. Most preferably, hot air is used without the addition of steam.
  • superheated steam is understood to mean, in particular, saturated steam which has a higher temperature than that corresponding to the overpressure Boiling temperature was brought.
  • the superheated steam can be used from the production process. In this case, the superheated steam can be conducted on one side or both sides or on several sides into the nonwoven or chip cake.
  • step b) is carried out for a duration of ⁇ 2 s to ⁇ 1 h, in particular ⁇ 10 s to ⁇ 900 s, but preferably ⁇ 60 s to ⁇ 300 s. This has proven to be particularly practical for most applications.
  • the upper time limit may alternatively or preferably also be determined by reference to the temperature of the mixture of binder and fibers, i. Once the desired temperature is reached, which is usually between 100 ° C and 150 ° C, often at about 140 ° C depending on the application, step b) is stopped.
  • the temperature can be determined, for example, by thermocouples, non-contact thermo-measuring devices, infrared thermometers or thermo-hygrometers. The latter instrument has the advantage that moisture can also be measured at the same time.
  • step b) is performed with hot air having a temperature of ⁇ 80 ° C to ⁇ 260 ° C, more preferably ⁇ 100 ° C to ⁇ 200 ° C, preferably ⁇ 180 ° C, and on most preferably ⁇ 120 ° C to ⁇ 160 ° C. This has proven itself in practice.
  • the hot air in step b) has a speed of ⁇ 0.1 m / s to ⁇ 25 m / s. It has been found in the vast majority of applications that the desired heating of the mixture of binder and fibers can be achieved particularly effectively. Particularly preferably, the hot air in step b) has a speed of ⁇ 1 m / s, preferably ⁇ 2 m / s to ⁇ 20 m / s, particularly preferably from ⁇ 10 m / s to ⁇ 18 m / s.
  • step c) is carried out with wet and / or saturated steam. It has been found that the moisture absorption of the resulting fiber composite in the vast majority of applications can be easily kept in the desired frame.
  • step c) is carried out with superheated steam which has a temperature of ⁇ 80 ° C to ⁇ 120 ° C, but more preferably ⁇ 100 ° C to ⁇ 110 ° C.
  • step c) is carried out for a duration of ⁇ 1 s to ⁇ 80 s, in particular ⁇ 2 s to ⁇ 20 s, but preferably ⁇ 5 s to ⁇ 10 s. This has proven to be particularly practical for most applications.
  • Faserdämmplatten / or insulating materials can be done directly after step c) conditioning.
  • chipboard or OSB / USB boards usually takes place after step c) still a (hot) -Pressung; This can be done by the methods known from the prior art.
  • Fig. 1 shows a flow chart for a manufacturing method of a Faserdämmplatte according to a first embodiment of the invention. How out Fig. 1 can be seen, first fibers from wood chips are prepared by suitable digestion. Subsequently, the gluing with binder and a web formation take place. This fleece is then initially flowed around with hot air, whereby a heating takes place at about 100 ° C to 140 °. In the subsequent H conducteddampfumströmung further heating to about 150 ° C to 200 ° C. After assembly, the Faserdämmplatte is completed.
  • Fig. 2 shows a very schematic cross-sectional view of a possible manufacturing plant 1 for the process Fig. 1 ,
  • This consists of a conveyor belt 10.
  • the guided through this band fiber-binder mixture 20 is first pre-pressed by a press unit 30, so that a nonwoven fabric is formed.
  • a hot air generator 40 a Flowing through with hot air, and by a steam generator 50, a passage of steam (indicated by the sign 51).
  • Fig. 3 shows a flowchart for a manufacturing method of a fiberboard according to a first embodiment of the invention. This differs from the flowchart Fig. 1 in that a hot press step is added before conditioning.
  • Fig. 4 shows a very schematic cross-sectional view of a possible manufacturing plant 1 'for the process Fig. 3 , This differs by the plant Fig. 2 in that in addition a pressing unit 60 is provided.
  • Fig. 5 shows a flowchart for a manufacturing method of an insulation board made of chips according to a third embodiment of the invention. This essentially follows the diagram Fig.1 ; also the plant off Fig. 2 can be used analogously for the production of insulation boards from chips.
  • Fig. 6 shows a flowchart for a manufacturing method of a chipboard according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. This essentially follows the diagram Figure 3 ; also the plant off Fig. 4 can be used analogously for the production of insulation boards from chips.
  • the wood fibers were glued with 10% (atro fiber) urea-formaldehyde resin using the blender method. After web formation, the fibers were heated with 160 ° C hot air and a
  • the wood fibers were glued with 4% (atro fiber) PMDI blender. After the web formation, the fibers were passed through with 160 ° C hot air and an air velocity of 14 m / s for 180 seconds to a temperature of 140 ° C throughout the nonwoven. Immediately after reaching the temperature, the web was transferred to the immediately adjacent steam system where the entire nonwoven web was heated to about 180 ° C with saturated steam at 108 ° C for 10 seconds. Subsequently, the air conditioning was carried out in standard climate, before the wood fiber insulation was tested according to the valid standards.
  • Wood fibers were mixed with 10% plastic multi-component fibers (sheath consisting of polyethylene, core consisting of polypropylene). After web formation, the fibers were flowed through with 150 ° C. hot air and an air speed of 12 m / s for 120 seconds up to a temperature of 120 ° C. throughout the nonwoven. Immediately after reaching the temperature, the fleece was conveyed further into the directly adjoining steam system, where the entire nonwoven fabric was heated to about 160 ° C. with superheated steam for a few seconds.
  • the wood fibers were glued using the enzyme-mediator system (10 U / ml laccase, and 10 mM mediator (4-hydroxybenzoic acid)) using the Blender method. After web formation, the fibers were flowed through with 170 ° C hot air and an air velocity of 14 m / s for 240 seconds up to a temperature of 160 ° C in the entire web. Immediately after reaching the temperature, the fleece was conveyed to the directly adjacent steam system where the entire nonwoven fabric was heated to about 180 ° C with 110 ° C superheated steam for 10 seconds. Subsequently, the air conditioning was carried out in standard climate, before the wood fiber insulation was tested according to the valid standards.
  • the enzyme-mediator system 10 U / ml laccase, and 10 mM mediator (4-hydroxybenzoic acid)
  • the wood fibers were glued with 15% (atro fiber) wheat protein glue and 1% PMDI glue using the blender method. After web formation, the fibers were flowed through with 170 ° C hot air and an air velocity of 14 m / s for 180 seconds up to a temperature of 140 ° C throughout the nonwoven. Immediately after reaching the temperature, the fleece was conveyed to the directly adjacent steam system where the entire nonwoven fabric was heated to about 180 ° C with 110 ° C superheated steam for 10 seconds. Subsequently, the air conditioning was carried out in standard climate, before the wood fiber insulation was tested according to the valid standards.
  • the wood fibers were coated using the enzyme mediator system (50 U / ml laccase and 10 mM mediator (4-hydroxybenzoic acid) in a blender process.) After sputtering, the fibers were heated with 150 ° C hot air and an air velocity of 18 m / s for 60 Immediately after the temperature had been reached, the fleece was conveyed further into the directly adjoining steam system and passed through saturated steam at 108 ° C. for 5 seconds, immediately after reaching the temperature of 160 ° C. the web was transferred to a hot press, where the nonwoven fabric was pressed at a pressure of 22 N / mm 2 for 6 s / mm at 190 ° C. Thereafter, the air conditioning was carried out under standard conditions before the MDF board was tested according to the valid standards.
  • the enzyme mediator system 50 U / ml laccase and 10 mM mediator (4-hydroxybenzoic acid) in a blender process.
  • the wood fibers were blown using 10% (atro fiber) urea-formaldehyde resin blow-blown. After web formation, the fibers were flowed through with 150 ° C hot air and an air velocity of 18 m / s for 60 seconds to a temperature of 120 ° C throughout the web. Immediately after reaching the temperature, the fleece was conveyed further into the directly adjoining steam system and flowed through with saturated steam at 108 ° C. for 5 seconds. Immediately after reaching the temperature of 160 ° C, the fleece was conveyed to a hot press, where the nonwoven fabric with a pressure of 22 N / mm 2 for 3 s / mm at 190 ° C was pressed. Subsequently, the air conditioning was carried out in standard climate, before the MDF panel was checked according to the valid standards.
  • the wood chips were glued with 12% (atro fiber) urea-formaldehyde resin in a chip drum. After the formation of the chip mat (chip cake), the chips were flowed through with 160 ° C hot air and an air velocity of 16 m / s for 120 seconds to a temperature of 120 ° C throughout the chip cake. Immediately after reaching the temperature, the chip cake was conveyed to the steam system immediately adjacent, where the chip mat was heated to about 170 ° C with 100 ° C superheated steam for 10 seconds. Subsequently, the air conditioning was carried out in standard climate, before the wood chip insulation was tested according to the valid standards.
  • the wood chips were glued with 5% (atro fiber) PMDI glue in a chip drum.
  • the chips were flowed through with 160 ° C hot air and an air velocity of 16 m / s for 120 seconds to a temperature of 120 ° C throughout the chip cake.
  • the chip cake was conveyed to the steam system immediately adjacent, where the chip mat was heated with 100 ° C hot saturated steam at about 170 ° C for 10 seconds.
  • the air conditioning was carried out in standard climate, before the chipboard was checked according to the valid standards.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de production de matériaux ligneux et/ou de matériaux composites, comprenant les étapes de
    a) préparation/production d'un mélange de liant et de matériau lignocellulosique concassé et/ou désagrégé de manière hydrothermique, mécanique, thermomécanique, chimique ou chemo-thermomécanique
    b) passage d'air chaud à travers le mélange,
    c) passage de vapeur chaude à travers le mélange,
    caractérisé en ce que l'air chaud possède un contenu de vapeur de ≤ 10%.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les matériaux ligneux et/ou les matériaux composites sont choisis dans le groupe contenant des composites de fibre, des panneaux agglomérés, des panneaux structurels orientés ou non orientés ainsi que des matériaux isolants et des panneaux isolants.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans lequel le matériau de lignocellulosique concassé et/ou désagrégé de manière hydrothermique, mécanique, thermomécanique, chimique ou chemo-thermomécanique est composé de fibres, de copeaux, de lamelles ou de mélanges de ceux-ci.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'étape b) est exécutée pour une durée de ≥ 2 s à ≤ 1 h
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'air dans l'étape b) possède une vitesse de ≥ 0,1 m/s à ≤ 1 25 m/s.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel dans l'étape a) le mélange de liant et de matériau de lignocellulosique concassé et/ou désagrégé de manière hydrothermique, mécanique, thermomécanique, chimique ou chemo-thermomécanique est préparé sous forme de tapis ou sous forme de non-tissé.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel dans l'étape c) est exécutée avec de la vapeur humide et/ou de la vapeur saturée
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel l'étape c) est exécutée avec de la vapeur chaude ayant une température de ≥ 80°C à ≤ 120°C.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel l'étape c) est exécutée pour une durée de ≥ 1 s à ≤ 80 s.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel l'étape b) est exécutée avec de l'air chaud ayant une température de ≥ 80°C à ≤ 260°C.
EP13707362.3A 2012-03-01 2013-02-28 Procédé de production de matériaux ligneux et/ou de matériaux composites Active EP2819819B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210101716 DE102012101716A1 (de) 2012-03-01 2012-03-01 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holz- und/oder Verbundwerkstoffen
PCT/EP2013/054083 WO2013127947A1 (fr) 2012-03-01 2013-02-28 Procédé de production de matériaux ligneux et/ou de matériaux composites

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2819819A1 EP2819819A1 (fr) 2015-01-07
EP2819819B1 true EP2819819B1 (fr) 2017-07-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13707362.3A Active EP2819819B1 (fr) 2012-03-01 2013-02-28 Procédé de production de matériaux ligneux et/ou de matériaux composites

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EP (1) EP2819819B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012101716A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013127947A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013101937A1 (de) 2013-02-27 2014-08-28 Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Stiftung Öffentlichen Rechts Holz- und Verbundwerkstoffplatte
DE102014100864A1 (de) * 2014-01-27 2015-07-30 Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Stiftung Öffentlichen Rechts Färbung von Holz und Holzwerkstoffen sowie entsprechendes Holz und Holzwerkstoffe
ES2904805T3 (es) * 2017-04-25 2022-04-06 SWISS KRONO Tec AG Plancha de materia derivada de la madera OSB

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE892415C (de) * 1951-06-02 1953-10-08 Alfred Dr-Ing Nowak Verfahren zur Herstellung harter Formkoerper, besonders Faserplatten
DE1200523B (de) * 1963-09-16 1965-09-09 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Verfahren und Geraet zum Haerten von Platten aus Holzfasern und aehnlichem Material
DE3641465C2 (de) * 1986-12-04 1995-08-03 Uwe Welteke Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wärmedämmplatten aus Fasermaterialien
DE3641464A1 (de) * 1986-12-04 1988-06-16 Uwe Welteke Naturfasern enthaltende waermedaemmplatte sowie verfahren und vorrichtung fuer ihre herstellung
DE4440997A1 (de) * 1994-11-17 1996-05-23 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Verfahren und Anlage zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten
DE19701596C2 (de) * 1996-02-15 1999-03-18 Siempelkamp Gmbh & Co Verfahren und Anlage zum Vorwärmen von Preßgutmatten aus beleimtem Preßgut
NZ515288A (en) * 2001-11-06 2003-07-25 Lignotech Developments Ltd Processing of ligno-cellulose materials with steam in a pressure vessel
DE102008039720B4 (de) 2008-08-26 2012-09-13 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzfaser-Dämmplatten"

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
EP2819819A1 (fr) 2015-01-07
WO2013127947A1 (fr) 2013-09-06
DE102012101716A1 (de) 2013-09-05

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