EP2818248A1 - Outil rotatif de coupe de matériaux et machine de coupe comportant un tel outil - Google Patents

Outil rotatif de coupe de matériaux et machine de coupe comportant un tel outil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2818248A1
EP2818248A1 EP14174850.9A EP14174850A EP2818248A1 EP 2818248 A1 EP2818248 A1 EP 2818248A1 EP 14174850 A EP14174850 A EP 14174850A EP 2818248 A1 EP2818248 A1 EP 2818248A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
elements
rotary tool
disc
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14174850.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Aldo Tiso
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tierre Srl
Original Assignee
Tierre Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tierre Srl filed Critical Tierre Srl
Publication of EP2818248A1 publication Critical patent/EP2818248A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/146—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with a rotor comprising a plurality of axially contiguous disc-like segments each having at least one radially extending cutting element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/02—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C2018/188—Stationary counter-knives; Mountings thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotary tool for cutting wood and other materials, which are in particular suitable for producing biomass, and a cutting machine comprising such a cutting device.
  • wood chips may therefore be used as a fuel, or more generally as biomass, or for street furniture, for example, in flower beds or in gardens for covering the ground.
  • the technical problem addressed by the present invention is to provide a machine for cutting material which is structurally and functionally configured so as to allow the disadvantages mentioned above with reference to the prior art to be overcome.
  • the present invention has some relevant advantages.
  • the main advantage involves the fact that a sufficiently uniform level of cutting of the material is allowed. Furthermore, the mechanical components used for the cutting action are subjected to forces which are largely contained with respect to the machines constructed according to the prior art.
  • a rotary tool for cutting collected materials such as, for example, wood from the pruning of hedges, shrubs and trees.
  • the tool 1 may also be used for processing a large number of other types of material, such as, for example, plastics material or cardboard.
  • the tool 1 may advantageously be used for chopping bottles and, in general, plastics containers for carrying out simple recycling thereof.
  • the tool 1 has a substantially cylindrical form and is advantageously constructed by means of a plurality of mutually adjacent modules, as will be described in greater detail below.
  • Each module which is illustrated individually in Figure 3 , comprises a pair of disc-like elements 10, between which there are arranged a plurality of cutting elements 2, preferably in the form of inserts.
  • each cutting element 2 extends between the two discs and has a cutting portion 20 which is arranged tangentially relative to the cylindrical surface defined by the disc-like elements 10.
  • the cutting elements 2 are arranged so as to be angularly staggered relative to each other so that they are distributed, preferably in a uniform manner, over the circumference of the disc-like elements 10.
  • each module supports eight disc-like elements 10.
  • the disc-like elements 10 are formed as a single body and are substantially flat-shaped. This feature makes the construction and assembly thereof particularly simple as will be illustrated in greater detail below.
  • the disc-like elements 10 have notches in the region of the outer diameter thereof so as to define respective seats which are suitable for receiving the cutting elements 2.
  • the cutting elements 2 are advantageously fixed in a removable manner in the region of those seats, for example, by means of a screw which is received in a corresponding nut or by means of a bolted connection. It is further evident that, although the present embodiment makes use of a single screw, there could be used two mutually adjacent screws in the case of cutting elements having greater dimensions.
  • the cutting elements have a cross-section with respect to the rotation direction of the cutting element in the form of a trapezium. In that manner, there is defined an upper face of the cutting element in which it is possible to define a seat, which is preferably flared, for receiving the screw.
  • the disc-like elements 10 are preferably of annular form with a variable outer diameter. More specifically, the extent of the diameter of those rings is such that a portion of the ring 11 which is opposite the cutting portion 20 of the cutting element 2 is arranged in a radially lower position with respect to the cutting portion 20 itself. However, a second ring portion 12 which is opposite an end 21 which is opposite that cutting portion 20 is radially aligned with that end 21. The transition between the ring portion 11 which faces the cutting portion 20 and the second ring portion 12 which faces the end 21 opposite the cutting portion 20 is preferably produced in a gradual manner.
  • each disc-like element 10 has connection means 13 with respect to a drive shaft which is not illustrated in the Figures and which allows the rotor to be rotated.
  • each disc-like element is supported by means of the drive shaft, conferring greater stability and strength on the rotor generally.
  • connection means 13 are produced by means of a dimensional connection or a form-fitting connection or a combination of the two.
  • each disc-like element has in the region of the internal peripheral portion thereof respective recesses which are intended to be connected to relevant projections on the drive shaft. It is evident that it would also be possible to provide for the transposed solution with projections on the disc-like element and recesses in the shaft.
  • the chambers 3 are opposite the cutting portion 20 of the cutting element 2. Furthermore, the cutting portion 20 of the cutting element 2 preferably projects into the transport cavity 3.
  • the cutting portion 20 acts on the material, bringing about the cutting thereof or generally the breaking thereof, the portion of cut material is collected in the cavity 3. Furthermore, the gradual transition of the disc-like elements described above allows the collection inside the above-mentioned recesses to be optimized.
  • the transport cavities 3 allow establishment of the dimensions of the cut material by the rotary tool, in the specific case constituted by the wood chips.
  • the cut material remains accommodated inside the collecting recesses during at least a portion of the rotation of the tool 1 about the rotation axis X thereof which is coincident with the axis of the cylinder and the disc-like elements 10.
  • the transport cavity 3 is defined by a base surface 30 which extends between two cutting elements 2 which are tangentially adjacent.
  • the base surface 30 is preferably defined by means of an annular member 31 which is arranged so as to be coaxial relative to the disc-like elements 10 and interposed between two of them.
  • annular member 31 On the annular member 31 there alternate projecting portions 32 to which the cutting elements 2 are detachably fixed and recessed portions 33 which are capable of defining the base surfaces and the relevant transport cavities 3 in association with the disc-like elements between which the annular member 31 is arranged.
  • the annular member 31 may also be constructed by means of a single member, which further contributes to the simplicity of construction of the tool according to the present invention. It should further be noted that preferably the annular member 31 is arranged in a radially remote position relative to the connection means 13 with respect to the drive shaft. In this manner, it is unnecessary for the annular member to have particular capacities in terms of mechanical resistance and it can be constructed by means of an annular planar plate which is formed so as to define the recessed portions and the projecting portions.
  • the rotary tool 1 is therefore generally defined by means of a series of disc-like modules being placed side by side, each one being formed by a pair of disc-like elements 10 and an annular member 31, each supporting a plurality of cutting elements 2.
  • each module has an individual pair of disc-like elements 10 but it is evident that a single disc-like element 10 could be shared between two contiguous modules.
  • the cutting elements 2 associated with a pair of disc-like elements 10 are staggered angularly with respect to the cutting elements 2' which are contained between the pair of axially successive disc-like elements 10'.
  • the modules are staggered with respect to each other so that the cutting elements act on the material at successive times during the rotation of the tool.
  • the machine 100 comprises a charging device 4 for the introduction and optionally the collection of the material to be cut in an introduction channel 101.
  • the charging device is produced by means of a plurality of rotating blades 41 which transport the material as far as an introduction plane 102, which is provided with a plurality of slots which are capable of allowing the passage of the blades 41.
  • the rotary tool 1 is preferably arranged in the region of a base surface of the machine 100 so as to define a channel 105 of reduced cross-section, whose cross-section is less than that of the introduction channel 101.
  • the rotation of the tool 1 is orientated in a direction so as to direct the material from the introduction channel 101 towards the channel 105 of reduced cross-section, as indicated by the arrow R in the Figure.
  • the machine 100 further comprises an abutment element 5 which substantially obstructs the channel 105 during the passage of the material and which the material to be cut which is caused to move by the rotary tool 1 abuts.
  • the abutment element 5 is arranged so that the cutting portions 20 pass adjacent to the abutment element 5 during the rotation of the tool 1, substantially brushing it.
  • the position of the abutment element 5 with respect to the tool 1 is therefore such that the cutting portions 20 pass at the minimum possible distance from the abutment element 5 without there being any risk of interference between the abutment element and the tool during the rotation thereof.
  • that distance may be equal to a few millimetres but will be variable in accordance with the dimensional tolerances of the machine and the plays provided for the moving parts.
  • the abutment element 5 is constructed by means of a transverse bar which is substantially parallel with the axis of the rotary tool 1 and which faces it at a longer side thereof.
  • the abutment element 5 is fixed in an adjustable manner to a support 52 which is connected to the frame of the machine 100.
  • the abutment element 5 has a plurality of notches 51 in which there are received a locking screw 50 which allows the fixing in the desired position thereof, respectively.
  • the notches extend substantially in a radial direction with respect to the tool 1 and, in that manner, the spacing may advantageously be adjusted between the abutment element 5 and the tool 1.
  • the machine 100 comprises a second abutment element 5' which has features which are similar to the first abutment element 5 and which is arranged downstream thereof.
  • That second abutment element 5' allows subsequent prevention of the passage of material having dimensions greater than the predetermined measurement defined by the dimension of the chambers 3, defining another barrier to the passage of material having greater dimensions.
  • the cutting machine 100 further comprises a deflection grid 6 which is arranged downstream of the abutment element 5 and the rotary tool 1.
  • the grid has mesh having such dimensions as to allow the passage of cut material which has dimensions smaller than a predetermined measurement.
  • the grid 6 is preferably developed so as to face the rotary tool 1, and is formed by a plurality of plates 60 which are parallel with the planes defined by the disc-like elements 10. Still according to a preferred embodiment, the distance between two plates is substantially equal to the width of a single module. Furthermore, the plates 60 have a curved edge 61 which faces the rotary tool 1 and have a development which substantially corresponds to a sector of the lateral surface of the rotary tool. In that manner, there may be provision in that sector for a minimum distance between the tool and the grid, for example, equal to a few millimetres, as in the preceding case.
  • the machine according to the present invention advantageously does not require the presence of additional discharging devices.
  • a vertical conduit 108 which allows the introduction of the cut material to a collection container 8 which is constructed, for example, by means of a tank.
  • the collection container 8 is preferably supported on arms 81 which allow the movement and the overturning thereof in order to carry out the emptying thereof.
  • the machine 100 may be constructed to be both a fixed machine and a towed machine.
  • the machine further comprises a rear roller 9.
  • the actuation of the machine 100 may be carried out by means of a power take-off 110, which causes the rotary tool and the other movable components to rotate by means of a transmission system 111, which is only partially visible in the Figure.
  • the machine 100 also comprises a loading device 4 which is constructed by means of a plurality of rotating blades 41, which transport the material as far as the introduction plane 102, and which is provided with the holes 103 which are capable of allowing the passage of the blades 41.
  • the machine 100 further comprises the abutment element 5 which is capable of abutting the material to be cut which is caused to move by the rotary tool 1.
  • the machine 100 further comprises a grid 6 which is arranged downstream of the abutment element 5 and the rotary tool 1.
  • the grid has mesh having such dimensions as to allow the passage of cut material having dimensions less than a predetermined measurement.
  • the grid 6 extends opposite the rotary tool 1, also with small spacing, over at least a sector of the circumference defined by the cutting elements 2.
  • the machine according to the present construction variant further comprises discharge means 7 for the cut material which are capable of transporting the cut material from the transition section towards a discharging section 107.
  • the discharge means comprise ventilation means 7 such as a bladed fan, which are capable of producing a flow of air which allows the cut material to be urged towards the discharging section 107.
  • ventilation means 7 such as a bladed fan, which are capable of producing a flow of air which allows the cut material to be urged towards the discharging section 107.
  • the material may be discharged from the discharging section 107 out of the machine by means of a tapering diffuser 82 which is illustrated in the embodiment of Figure 11 and which conveys the material urged by the ventilation means towards a tank or other similar container.
  • the discharging section 7 may also be arranged immediately downstream of the rotary tool 1, therefore without the use of the grid 6.
  • FIG. 9 Another construction variant of the present invention is illustrated in Figure 9 .
  • the rotary tool has a rotation axis which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the collection device and parallel with a direction of advance A of the material inside the machine.
  • the tool 1' which is described in Figure 10 is constructed by means of a series of discs 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d arranged one above the other with decreasing diameter.
  • each disc 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d is associated with a respective abutment element 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d which are fixed by means of the support 52.
  • the cutting elements 2 are supported in a pliable manner on the disc-like elements 10.
  • the cavities 3 are normally closed and remain defined following a tangential movement of the cutting element 2 which is generated by an impact thereof with the material to be cut.
  • That embodiment is found to be particularly good in the case where there are present stones and other hard material between the material to be cut.
  • the abutment element 5 has a plurality of notches 51 which are capable of allowing the passage of the radial extensions 15.
  • the cutting elements 2 may be fixed to a support 16 which extends from the cavity 3.
  • the cutting elements 2 are staggered two by two, in other words, the cutting elements 2 which are associated with a pair of disc-like elements 10 are adjacent to a cutting element which is angularly staggered along the axis X and, at the side opposite a cutting element, which is arranged in accordance with the same angular orientation. Furthermore, a single cutting element 2 preferably extends between two disc-like modules and in accordance with a preferred embodiment is fixed to two axially contiguous supports 16.
  • Figures 15 and 15A illustrate a solution similar to the preceding solution, in which each pair of disc-like elements 10 supports two cutting elements 2 which are staggered by 180° relative to each other.
  • the angular staggering between contiguous modules is equal to 90°.
  • Figures 16 and 16A illustrate a construction variant of the embodiment of Figure 1 , in which the cutting elements are radially projecting in the region of the cutting portion with respect to the disc-like elements 10.
  • the invention solves the problem set, at the same time achieving a plurality of advantages, including the possibility of obtaining cut material having sufficiently uniform dimensions, as a result of the fact that the material can be conveyed towards the collection zone only when it is collected in the transport cavities which can take only material which is chopped according to a given dimension. Furthermore, the material, once it has been cut, is collected in the cavities, thereby preventing additional impacts against the structure of the machine and, consequently, reducing the forces to which the mechanical components are subjected.
  • the material being discharged from the transport cavity may be discharged without requiring suitable discharge devices.
  • the structure having disc-like elements advantageously allows a high level of modularity of the tool, thereby becoming readily adapted to various construction requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
EP14174850.9A 2013-06-27 2014-06-27 Outil rotatif de coupe de matériaux et machine de coupe comportant un tel outil Withdrawn EP2818248A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000179A ITPD20130179A1 (it) 2013-06-27 2013-06-27 Utensile rotante per la trinciatura di materiale e macchina trinciatrice comprendente lo stesso

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2818248A1 true EP2818248A1 (fr) 2014-12-31

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EP14174850.9A Withdrawn EP2818248A1 (fr) 2013-06-27 2014-06-27 Outil rotatif de coupe de matériaux et machine de coupe comportant un tel outil

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EP (1) EP2818248A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITPD20130179A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201900006240A1 (it) * 2019-04-23 2020-10-23 Seppi M S P A Machina di trinciatura e taglio di materiale
EP3738672A1 (fr) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-18 Klingmill AB Appareil pour pulvériser un matériau comprenant un boîtier fixe et procédé de production du boîtier fixe
IT202100005765A1 (it) * 2021-03-11 2022-09-11 Dragone S R L Trinciatrice per lavorazioni pesanti
US11998924B2 (en) 2022-07-29 2024-06-04 Dragone S.r.l. Heavy-duty shredder

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5005620A (en) * 1990-04-17 1991-04-09 Morbark Industries, Inc. Drum-type wood chipper
WO1994013442A1 (fr) * 1992-12-14 1994-06-23 Telcor Pty. Ltd. Machine pour reduire la taille des materiaux
US5713525A (en) * 1995-03-31 1998-02-03 Wood Technology, Inc. Horizontal comminuting machine particularly for recyclable heavy wood randomly carrying non-shatterable foreign pieces
WO2009040490A1 (fr) * 2007-09-24 2009-04-02 Palm-Organics Global Ltd Procédé et appareil pour réduire les tiges de palmier en biomasse
WO2010129268A2 (fr) 2009-04-28 2010-11-11 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Machine à broyer des matériaux convertible entre une configuration de broyage et configuration de hachage
WO2011101544A1 (fr) * 2010-02-17 2011-08-25 Kesla Oyj Rotor de déchiqueteuse
WO2012096560A1 (fr) * 2011-01-14 2012-07-19 Arun Chandrasekhar Tambour de ramassage à utiliser dans pulvérisateur de tronc d'arbre

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202006003533U1 (de) * 2005-06-08 2006-10-19 Doppstadt Calbe Gmbh Siebvorrichtung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5005620A (en) * 1990-04-17 1991-04-09 Morbark Industries, Inc. Drum-type wood chipper
WO1994013442A1 (fr) * 1992-12-14 1994-06-23 Telcor Pty. Ltd. Machine pour reduire la taille des materiaux
US5713525A (en) * 1995-03-31 1998-02-03 Wood Technology, Inc. Horizontal comminuting machine particularly for recyclable heavy wood randomly carrying non-shatterable foreign pieces
WO2009040490A1 (fr) * 2007-09-24 2009-04-02 Palm-Organics Global Ltd Procédé et appareil pour réduire les tiges de palmier en biomasse
WO2010129268A2 (fr) 2009-04-28 2010-11-11 Vermeer Manufacturing Company Machine à broyer des matériaux convertible entre une configuration de broyage et configuration de hachage
WO2011101544A1 (fr) * 2010-02-17 2011-08-25 Kesla Oyj Rotor de déchiqueteuse
WO2012096560A1 (fr) * 2011-01-14 2012-07-19 Arun Chandrasekhar Tambour de ramassage à utiliser dans pulvérisateur de tronc d'arbre

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201900006240A1 (it) * 2019-04-23 2020-10-23 Seppi M S P A Machina di trinciatura e taglio di materiale
WO2020216700A1 (fr) * 2019-04-23 2020-10-29 Seppi M. Spa Ag Machine de hachage et de découpe
EP3738672A1 (fr) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-18 Klingmill AB Appareil pour pulvériser un matériau comprenant un boîtier fixe et procédé de production du boîtier fixe
IT202100005765A1 (it) * 2021-03-11 2022-09-11 Dragone S R L Trinciatrice per lavorazioni pesanti
EP4056027A1 (fr) * 2021-03-11 2022-09-14 Dragone S.r.l. Déchiqueteuse à usage industriel
US11998924B2 (en) 2022-07-29 2024-06-04 Dragone S.r.l. Heavy-duty shredder

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