EP2815413B1 - Commutateur de prises en charge avec au moins deux vacuostats et actionnement pour un commutateur de prises en charge avec au moins deux vacuostats - Google Patents

Commutateur de prises en charge avec au moins deux vacuostats et actionnement pour un commutateur de prises en charge avec au moins deux vacuostats Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2815413B1
EP2815413B1 EP13700559.1A EP13700559A EP2815413B1 EP 2815413 B1 EP2815413 B1 EP 2815413B1 EP 13700559 A EP13700559 A EP 13700559A EP 2815413 B1 EP2815413 B1 EP 2815413B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spindle
load
movable contact
tap changer
transmission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13700559.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2815413A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus HÖPFL
Silke Wrede
Christian Kotz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP2815413A1 publication Critical patent/EP2815413A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2815413B1 publication Critical patent/EP2815413B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/40—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/42—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using cam or eccentric

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an on-load tap changer having at least two vacuum interrupters.
  • the on-load tap changer comprises a selector for selecting a respective winding tap of a tapped transformer, a diverter switch for switching from the connected winding tapping to the preselected winding tapping, a rotatable drive shaft mechanically coupled to the selector, and a transmission for actuating a movable contact of a respective vacuum interrupter.
  • the invention further relates to a drive for a diverter switch with at least two vacuum interrupters.
  • On-load tap-changers of the type described above are well-known and commonly used in the prior art. They are used for uninterrupted switching between different winding taps of tapped transformers.
  • Such on-load tap changer consist of a diverter switch and a selector arranged underneath.
  • the selector is used for powerless selection of the respective new winding tapping of the tapped transformer to be switched to.
  • the diverter switch is used for subsequent, rapid and uninterrupted switching from the wired to the new, preselected winding tap.
  • the entire on-load tap-changer is actuated by a motor drive during the changeover.
  • a rotating drive shaft continuously moves the selector, at the same time a power storage of the diverter switch is mounted. Is the energy storage fully wound up, d. H. strained, he is unlatched, releases his energy abruptly and operates in the period of milliseconds (ms) the diverter switch.
  • the diverter switch performs a specific switching sequence, ie different switching contacts and resistance contacts are actuated in a certain time sequence in succession or overlapping.
  • the switch contacts are used for direct connection of the respective winding tap with the load dissipation, the resistor contacts for short-term wiring, ie bridging means of one or more switching resistors.
  • vacuum interrupters are used as switching elements for load switching. This is based on that the use of vacuum interrupters for load switching prevents arcing in the oil and thus the oil pollution of diverter switch oil, such as in DE 195 10 809 C1 . DE 40 11 019 C1 . DE 42 31 353 A1 and DE 10 2007 004 530 A1 described.
  • a diverter switch carries a drive shaft with at least one cam.
  • the cam has a plurality of control cams, wherein two arranged on the cam front control cams have a deviating from a circular contour in the manner of cams on the contact a respective connected via a rocker arm with a vacuum interrupter roller is performed, the profiled contour of the respective control cam taps.
  • WO 1994 002 955 A1 describes a tap-changer for tapped transformers with two movable selector contacts.
  • the first movable selector contact is followed by at least one load switch switching the latter and this constantly leading vacuum switch.
  • the second of the movable selector contacts a balancing current between two adjacent taps of the tapped transformer switching and this short-term leading switch in series with a switching resistor is connected downstream.
  • the movable selector contacts are at the same tap.
  • the movable selector contacts are independent of each other and movable without mutual coupling and interference.
  • the second movable selector contact reaches the new fixed contact at each switching movement, regardless of the switching direction, before the first selector contact leaves the previous fixed contact.
  • the second movable selector contact can be actuated directly by a drive shaft.
  • the first movable selector contact is abruptly traceable after triggering an energy storage of the movement of the second movable selector contact.
  • the energy accumulator can be tensioned by the drive shaft.
  • Both movable selector contacts are independently movable linearly guided such that each linearly arranged fixed contacts are painted over.
  • the fixed contacts extend along a linear path in the interior of the tap changer and can be connected by a displaceable switching mechanism, which is driven by a drive shaft connected to a threaded spindle.
  • the switching mechanism consists of a directly driven by the threaded spindle elevator carriage and a wind-up by this means of a spring energy storage driven part, which trailing after triggering the elevator carriage after triggering.
  • EP 0 355 814 A2 describes an on-load tap changer having a force accumulator, a plurality of switches in the form of vacuum interrupters and a switch drive mechanism.
  • the switch drive mechanism includes a cam and, for each vacuum interrupter, a scanner which scans the cam and is coupled to the movable electrode of the respective vacuum interrupter.
  • GB 673 804 A describes an on-load tap-changer having a motor, a drive shaft coupled to the motor, a spindle coupled to the drive shaft, a spindle nut axially guided on the spindle, a moving contact attached to the spindle nut, a contact rod axially guiding the moving contact, and a plurality of step contacts parallel to the spindle Contact rod are arranged.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a space-saving on-load tap-changer with at least two vacuum interrupters, which simultaneously ensures requisitesunan réellee, safe and fast load switching and long-lasting operation, and to provide a drive for a diverter switch with at least two vacuum interrupters, the error-free, safe and fast Load switching ensured.
  • the on-load tap-changer with at least two vacuum interrupters comprises a selector for selecting a respective winding tapping of a tapped transformer and a diverter switch for switching from the connected winding tapping to the preselected winding tapping. Further, the on-load tap changer has a rotatable drive shaft mechanically coupled to the selector and a transmission for actuating a movable contact of a respective vacuum interrupter.
  • the movable contact consists of an upper plunger and other components for electrical transmission.
  • each vacuum interrupter on a lower plunger D. h.
  • the axial movement of the spindle is transmitted to the movable contact, so that the movable contact with the lower plunger is coupled.
  • an electrical conductivity is given and the circuit is closed.
  • An opening of the circuit is opposite, ie more mobile Contact and lower plunger in each vacuum interrupter are spaced from one another.
  • the transmission has at least one cam, a spindle nut and at least one driver formed on the spindle nut in the direction of the axle.
  • the spindle nut is axially fixed but rotatably mounted.
  • the at least one driver also called pin or driving pin in mechanical engineering, is designed on the spindle nut in such a way that, during a rotational movement, it also causes the spindle nut to rotate, ie takes it along.
  • the spindle nut in turn converts the rotary movement into an axial movement of the spindle.
  • the at least one cam carries at least one cam, i. H.
  • the cam has a contour deviating from its circular shape.
  • a first cam in order to change the rotational movements during load changes, a first cam carries a first cam and a second cam a second cam.
  • the first cam interacts with the at least one first driver and the second cam with the at least one second driver of the spindle nut.
  • the transmission described in the two embodiments is a cam gear.
  • At least one bearing for the spindle and the spindle nut is provided, which is designed as a rolling bearing, sliding screw and / or ball screw.
  • the at least one bearing is a ball screw.
  • Ball screws are characterized in that roll between the spindle nut and the spindle rolling elements in the form of balls in grooves and thus secure movements with high efficiency.
  • the drive power is reduced by the point system of the balls, reduces wear of the WälzSystemterrorismen, increased achievable travel speed and allows higher positioning accuracy.
  • a compression spring is arranged between the spindle and the movable contact, which mechanically biases the movable contact in the direction of the axis. This is due to the fact that with a load switching between the movable contact and the spindle numerous small discharges take place, so that it comes to the two components to a mutual material removal, also called contact or electrode burn.
  • the compression spring is intended to compensate for the material removal caused by the change in the distance between the contacts and thus create constant conditions for a diverter switch.
  • An advantage of the on-load tap changer according to the invention is that only one axial movement of each movable contact and each coupled thereto spindle are to perform at a load switching. Thus, a faster, safer and tilt-free stroke for opening and closing the vacuum interrupters is possible. At the same time a fast stroke is also ensured by the above-described increased speed of the spindle.
  • the inventive drive for a diverter switch with at least two vacuum interrupters includes a rotatable drive shaft and a transmission for actuating a movable contact of a respective vacuum interrupter.
  • a spindle is mechanically coupled to the movable contact, wherein the spindle is rotatable via the transmission, so that a movement of the contact in the direction of an axis of the respective vacuum interrupter is effected.
  • the gear has at least one cam, each carrying at least one cam, a spindle nut and at least one formed on the spindle nut in the direction of the axis driver, which cooperates with the at least one cam of the respective cam.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the on-load tap-changer 1.
  • the on-load tap-changer 1 shows here only one vacuum interrupter 3 for reasons of clarity, but the on-load tap-changer 1 always has at least two vacuum interrupters 3.
  • a selector 7 is used to select a respective winding tap n, n + 1 of a tapped transformer 9.
  • a diverter switch 5 causes the switching from the connected winding tap n to the respective preselected winding tap n + 1.
  • the on-load tap-changer 1 has a rotatable drive shaft 11.
  • a gear 15, which is connected to the drive shaft 11, serves to actuate a movable contact 17 (in FIG Fig. 3 and Fig.
  • the drive shaft 11 is mechanically coupled to the selector 7 and moves it continuously. At the same time an energy storage 13 of the diverter switch 5 is mounted. If the energy accumulator 13 is fully wound up, it is unlatched, releases its energy abruptly and actuates the diverter switch 5 in the ms range via the drive shaft 11.
  • the transmission 15 has a first cam 21A and a second cam 21B, a spindle nut 23 and three drivers 25A, 25B formed on the spindle nut 23 in the direction of the axis A. It is also conceivable, however, that further embodiments have more than just two cam disks 21A, 21B or more or less than three drivers 25A, 25B formed on the spindle nut 23.
  • first and the second cam 21 A, 21 B respectively carry a first and second cam 27 A, 27 B.
  • Other embodiments may also include more than one cam 27A, 27B on each cam 21A, 21B.
  • At least one bearing 29 for the spindle 19 and the spindle nut 23 is provided.
  • the bearing 29 is a ball screw.
  • Ball Screws are characterized in that between the spindle nut 23 and the spindle 19, rolling elements (not shown) roll in the form of balls in grooves 31 and thus secure axial movements with high efficiency.
  • a further embodiment of the on-load tap-changer 1 according to the invention, as well as in Fig. 1 shown, provides a rotation 33, so that the spindle 19 is secured against rotation. Since a person skilled in anti-rotation devices 33 are known for a spindle 19, a description thereof is omitted.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic perspective view of the on-load tap-changer 1 after Fig. 1 in a closed circuit. This is because the spindle 19 in the direction of the axis A compared to Fig. 1 is at level E level. Ie. the movable contact 17 is mechanically coupled to the lower plunger 39 of the vacuum interrupter 3 (see Fig. 4 ). Thus, the circuit is closed and current flows.
  • Fig. 3 shows a side view of a diverter switch 5 of the on-load tap changer 1 according to the invention (s. Fig. 1 ) in an open circuit, wherein a compression spring 37 between a spindle 19 and the movable contact 17 is arranged.
  • the compression spring 37 is provided so that the movable contact 17 is mechanically biased in the direction of the axis A and an electrical erosion is avoided.
  • the electrical contact 17 is formed from an upper plunger 37 and further components (not shown) for electrical transmission. A more detailed description of the electrical contact 17 has been omitted due to designs known in the art.
  • Fig. 3 also shows that in each vacuum interrupter 3, a lower plunger 39 is formed.
  • the movable contact 17 is spaced from the lower plunger 39 of the vacuum interrupter 3, the circuit is open.
  • Fig. 4 shows a side view of the diverter switch 5 after Fig. 3 in a closed circuit, since the movable contact 17 is mechanically coupled to the lower plunger 39 of the vacuum interrupter 3.
  • an axial clearance 43 between the bearing unit 41 and the movable contact 17 is provided in a bearing unit 41 for supporting the movable contact 17.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Commutateur de prises en charge (1) ayant,
    - au moins deux tubes de commutation sous vide (3),
    - un sélecteur (7) pour sélectionner une prise de bobine respective (n, n+1), un transformateur à prises (9),
    - un commutateur de charge (5) pour commuter d'une prise d'enroulement (n), branchée, vers la prise d'enroulement présélectionnée (n+1) respective,
    - un arbre d'entrainement (11) couplé mécaniquement au sélecteur (7), et
    - une transmission (15) pour actionner un contact mobile (17) d'un tube de commutation sous vide (3), respectif,
    commutateur caractérisé en ce que
    il comporte une broche (19) mobile, respectivement dans la direction de l'axe (A) du tube de commutation sous vide (3) respectif, et couplé à un contact mobile (17), cette broche étant actionnée par la transmission (15).
  2. Commutateur de prises en charge (1) selon la revendication précédente,
    dans lequel
    la transmission (15) comporte au moins une came (21A, 21B), un écrou à broche (23) et au moins un organe d'entrainement (25A, 25B) réalisé dans la direction de l'axe (A) sur l'écrou à broche (23).
  3. Commutateur de prises en charge (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel
    au moins une came (21A, 21B) comporte au moins un bossage (27A, 27B) de façon que pour un mouvement de rotation (ω) d'une came (21A, 21B), au moins un organe d'entrainement (25A, 25B) coopère avec le bossage (27A, 27B).
  4. Commutateur de prises en charge (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel
    une première came (21A) a un premier bossage (27A) et une seconde came (21B) a une seconde bossage (27B), le premier bossage (27A) coopérant avec au moins un premier organe d'entrainement (25A) et le second bossage (27B) coopérant avec au moins un second organe d'entrainement (25B) de l'écrou à broche (23).
  5. Commutateur de prises en charge (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel
    la transmission (15) est une transmission pas-à-pas à came.
  6. Commutateur de prises en charge (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel
    il est prévu au moins un palier (29) pour la broche (19) et l'écrou à broche (23), ce palier étant en forme de palier à roulement, de transmission à vis de glissement et/ou de transmission à vis à billes.
  7. Commutateur de prises en charge (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel
    il est prévu un dispositif de blocage en rotation (33) qui solidarise la broche (19) en rotation.
  8. Commutateur de prises en charge (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel
    un ressort de compression (35) prévu entre la broche (19) et le contact mobile (17), assure la précontrainte du contact mobile (17) dans la direction de l'axe (A).
  9. Entrainement d'un commutateur de prises en charge (5) comportant au moins deux tubes de commutation sous vide (3), un arbre d'entrainement (11) et une transmission (15) pour actionner un contact mobile (17), un tube de commutation sous vide (3),
    caractérisé en ce que
    chaque fois une broche (19) est couplée mécaniquement au contact mobile (17), la broche (19) étant entrainée en rotation par la transmission (15) de façon à produire un mouvement du contact (17) dans la direction de l'axe (A) du tube de commutation sous vide (3) respectif.
  10. Entrainement selon la revendication précédente,
    dans lequel
    la transmission (15) comporte au moins une came (21A, 21B) portant respectivement au moins un bossage (27A, 27B), un écrou à broche (23) et au moins un organe d'entrainement (25A, 25B) réalisé sur l'écrou à broche (23) dans la direction de l'axe (A), cet organe d'entrainement coopérant avec au moins un bossage (27A, 27B) de la came (21A, 21B) respectif.
EP13700559.1A 2012-02-16 2013-01-15 Commutateur de prises en charge avec au moins deux vacuostats et actionnement pour un commutateur de prises en charge avec au moins deux vacuostats Not-in-force EP2815413B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210202327 DE102012202327B4 (de) 2012-02-16 2012-02-16 Laststufenschalter mit mindestens zwei Vakuumschaltröhren und Antrieb für einen Lastumschalter mit mindestens zwei Vakuumschaltröhren
PCT/EP2013/050608 WO2013120641A1 (fr) 2012-02-16 2013-01-15 Commutateur de prises en charge avec au moins deux vacuostats et actionnement pour un commutateur de prises en charge avec au moins deux vacuostats

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2815413A1 EP2815413A1 (fr) 2014-12-24
EP2815413B1 true EP2815413B1 (fr) 2015-10-07

Family

ID=47563502

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13700559.1A Not-in-force EP2815413B1 (fr) 2012-02-16 2013-01-15 Commutateur de prises en charge avec au moins deux vacuostats et actionnement pour un commutateur de prises en charge avec au moins deux vacuostats

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20150008104A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2815413B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104205273A (fr)
DE (1) DE102012202327B4 (fr)
HK (1) HK1201635A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013120641A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106847609A (zh) * 2017-02-10 2017-06-13 山东民生电气设备有限公司 一种用于有载调压开关的小型化切换开关组件
DE102018105097A1 (de) * 2018-03-06 2019-09-12 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter und ortsnetztransformator mit einem laststufenschalter
EP3989251B1 (fr) * 2020-10-21 2023-06-28 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Système de commutation d'un changeur de prise en charge, changeur de prise en charge et procédé de commutation d'un élément de prise d'un changeur de prise en charge
EP3989253A1 (fr) 2020-10-26 2022-04-27 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Système de commande d'un interrupteur à vide pour un commutateur de dérivation de puissance, commutateur de dérivation de puissance et changeur de prises en charge
CN113113245B (zh) * 2021-03-01 2023-12-12 北京航天控制仪器研究所 一种分体式有载分接开关
EP4084032A1 (fr) * 2021-04-28 2022-11-02 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Ensemble interrupteur à vide pour un commutateur de dérivation de puissance, commutateur de dérivation de puissance pour un commutateur de prises en charge de transformateur et commutateur de prises en charge de transformateur

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009043171A1 (de) * 2009-09-26 2011-04-07 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB673804A (en) * 1950-12-11 1952-06-11 Asea Ab Improvements in or relating to on-load tap changers for transformers
US3396248A (en) * 1966-12-12 1968-08-06 Mc Graw Edison Co Tap changer
JPS5595308A (en) * 1979-01-12 1980-07-19 Fuji Electric Co Ltd On-load tap changer
JPH0821507B2 (ja) * 1988-08-26 1996-03-04 愛知電機株式会社 負荷時タップ切換装置の蓄勢機構
DE4011019C1 (fr) 1990-04-05 1991-12-05 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh, 8400 Regensburg, De
DE4231353C2 (de) 1991-09-19 1997-07-24 Toshiba Kawasaki Kk Stufenschalter
EP0650637B1 (fr) * 1992-07-16 1996-04-10 MASCHINENFABRIK REINHAUSEN GmbH Commutateur a gradins
US5594223A (en) * 1993-12-07 1997-01-14 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Vacuum switch bulb type change over switch for on-load tap changer
DE19510809C1 (de) * 1995-03-24 1996-07-04 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Lastumschalter eines Stufenschalters
KR100814514B1 (ko) * 2006-01-27 2008-03-17 가부시끼가이샤 도시바 부하시 탭 전환 장치

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009043171A1 (de) * 2009-09-26 2011-04-07 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter mit Vakuumschaltröhren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013120641A1 (fr) 2013-08-22
DE102012202327B4 (de) 2015-01-08
EP2815413A1 (fr) 2014-12-24
US20150008104A1 (en) 2015-01-08
DE102012202327A1 (de) 2013-08-22
CN104205273A (zh) 2014-12-10
HK1201635A1 (en) 2015-09-04

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