Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
  • C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
  • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
  • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
  • C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
  • C10J3/523—Ash-removing devices for gasifiers with stationary fluidised bed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
  • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
  • B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
  • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
  • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
  • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
  • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
  • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
  • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
  • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
  • C10J2300/093—Coal
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
  • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Definitions

• the invention is directed to a method for cooling and pressure release of the resulting in a fluidized bed gasification of biomass, lignite, hard coal with a high ash content bottom product.
• Fluidized bed gasification operating below the ash flow point is well suited for the use of such fuels (eg, as described in US 4,790,251), but considerable amounts of bottoms are produced but must be discharged from the gasifier and cooled, i .H. it is necessary to cool the under pressure and high temperature floor product, which takes place for example by means of bottom product cooling screws.
• the autothermal gasification reaction between the solid carbon-rich gasification substance and the gaseous gasification agents oxygen or air, steam and carbon dioxide a fluidized bed at a maximum of 1200 ° C and up to 30 bar instead.
• the gasification material is fed to the carburetor with volume control via the metering cell wheel sluice (speed control) and via the entry screw i entered the carburetor.
• the H 2 - and CO-rich raw gas leaves the carburetor on the head.
• dust is discharged together with the raw gas, which contains unreacted carbon (about 40%) in addition to the ash of the gasification substance. About 95% of this dust is separated in the recycle cyclone and returned to the fluidized bed of the carburetor via the return line.
• the raw gas laden with fine dust leaves the recycle cyclone in the direction of the raw gas cooler.
• the almost carbon-free ash referred to as the bottoms product
• the bottom product enters the bottom product cooling screw and thus the ash discharge at a temperature of up to 900 ° C. and is cooled to 60 ° C. by means of cooling water and discharged from the pressure chamber.
• the arrangement may still be usable, with the use of fuels with ash contents of up to 50%, the arrangement is technically no longer feasible.
• 160 t / h of coal thus accumulate 80 t / h of ash.
• this object is achieved according to the invention in that the fluidized bed at maximum 1,500 ° C and a pressure of up to 40 bar leaving the bottom product a buffer, then from the buffer to a pressure vessel with cooling system and then a flash system is supplied.
• WO2010 / 123477 AI shows a continuous ash pressure relaxation system
• a cooling system at ambient pressure shows the
• the bottom product cooling system is provided by a fluidized bed enclosed by a pressure vessel and a heat exchanger located in the pressure vessel and / or by a combination fluidized bed / heat exchanger.
• the type of heat exchanger in the fluidized bed of the pressure vessel can be designed very differently according to the invention, in particular depending on the nature of the bottom product.
• a tube or plate heat exchanger can be provided, the promotion of the bottom product can be done by gravity on the heat exchanger surfaces over as well be as within a stepped fluidized bed, as the invention also provides.
• the cooling gas generating the fluidized bed in the pressure vessel is circulated via dust-separating cyclones via an external heat exchanger, wherein expedient the pressure relief is carried out by means of a known Schleussystemes, which also provided in connection with the other system components according to the invention is.
• the invention also provides a system, which is characterized in particular by a pressurized fluidized bed gasifier with Boden.austrag, a buffer or buffer tank, a pressure vessel with cooling system for the bottom product and a subsequent Schleus system for pressure reduction.
• a pressure vessel may be provided with a device for producing a fluidized bed for the bottom product with heat exchanger and circulation of the gas generating the fluidized bed.
• Fig. 1 is a simple system diagram of the system according to the invention
• Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a pressure vessel with a cooling system in a fluidized bed
• Fig. 3 is a modified embodiment of the pressure vessel according to FIG. 2, Fig. 4 a pressure vessel with a stepped fluidized bed and in
• Fig. 5 a pressure vessel with cooling system and soil product promotion
• the generally designated 1 system for cooling and pressure relief of the resulting in a fluidized bed gasification of biomass bottom product is characterized by a pressurized fluidized bed gasifier 2, the supply of the material to be gasified is indicated by an arrow 3, the gas outlet with 4, in a Dust separator cyclone 5 opens, from which a return line 6 returns the dust in the carburetor 2.
• the dotted bottom product indicated by the reference numeral 7.
• the bottom product 7 is cooled by means of coils 8
• the pressure vessel 12 is by supplying cold gas according to arrow 13, the bottom product in a fluidized bed, designated 14, cooled.
• the gas generating the fluidized bed is discharged at 15 from the pressure vessel 12 and possibly cooled and recycled in the circuit in the pressure vessel 12, as shown in FIG. 2 is indicated.
• the cooled bottom product 7 leaves the pressure vessel 12 at 16 and is fed to a sluice system 17, in which the pressure is lowered, and finally discharged at 18. It is indicated in FIG. 1, that in the fluidized bed 14, a cooling device, indicated by cooling coils 19, is provided.
• a pressure vessel 12a is shown, to which the bottoms product according to arrow 20 is supplied.
• the product 7 is here mixed by a supplied gas 13a in a fluidized bed, which is designed so that the bottom product can flow cooled via a designated 21 weir to leave the pressure vessel 12a via the nozzle 16a.
• tube heat exchanger 22 are arranged, which withdraw the heat contained in the bottom product 7 located in the fluidized bed.
• the fluidized bed gas is supplied via lines 23 Staubabscheiderzyklonen 24, wherein the dust is returned via cell wheels 25 back into the pressure vessel 12 a.
• the substantially dust-free heated fluidized bed gas is cooled via a return line 26 via a heat exchanger 27 and introduced by means of a pump 28 back into the pressure vessel.
• FIG. 3 a somewhat modified embodiment is shown, wherein the functionally identical elements bear the same reference numerals, supplemented by "b".
• the bottom product is introduced at 20b in the pressure vessel 12b, wherein the fluidized bed 14b of the bottom product 7 is designed so that it performs a passage of the bottom product through the pressure vessel 12b, in the example shown in FIG. 3 from left to right, thereby weirs or corresponding fittings 29 must underflow or overflow, wherein in countercurrent heat exchanger coils 30 cool the bottom product.
• the pressure vessel 12c has here concentric internals, which are used as Hin- dernis for the introduced at 20c bottom product 7 serve and again underflow or must be overflowed, which is indicated by curved arrows.
• the fluid causing the fluidized bed is introduced at 13c and discharged at 23c, wherein in the individual segments and corresponding gas components of different temperature can be discharged, which is indicated by small arrows in the head of the pressure vessel.
• the ring weirs or the ring internals can be traversed by a cooling medium which is introduced by means of a pump 28c, which is shown in FIG. 4 is merely indicated.
• Fig. 5 shows a pressure vessel 12d to which the bottom product 7 is fed via a filling nozzle 20d, which flows through the pressure vessel 12d in the direction of gravity without further delivery by means of gravity, and leaves the pressure vessel 12d via the discharge nozzle 16d.
• a plate or tube heat exchanger 30d is positioned, which is flowed through by a corresponding cooling medium.
• the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but to modify in many ways, without thereby affecting the gist of the invention.
• different heat exchangers such as different in design, as a pipe or plate heat exchanger or different in their operating data, which concerns the temperature of the respective heat exchanger means u. like.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2012
  • 2012-02-14 DE DE102012002711A patent/DE102012002711A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2013
  • 2013-01-31 TW TW102103690A patent/TW201335356A/zh unknown
  • 2013-02-04 WO PCT/EP2013/052143 patent/WO2013120721A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2013-02-04 AU AU2013220570A patent/AU2013220570A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2013-02-04 BR BR112014019963A patent/BR112014019963A8/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2013-02-04 CN CN201380019979.0A patent/CN104220566A/zh active Pending
  • 2013-02-04 EP EP13703022.7A patent/EP2814914A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-02-04 CA CA2865027A patent/CA2865027A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2013-02-04 RU RU2014134099A patent/RU2014134099A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2013-02-04 IN IN7555DEN2014 patent/IN2014DN07555A/en unknown
  • 2013-02-04 US US14/378,481 patent/US20150011811A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (1)

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