EP2813604B1 - Spinning nozzle and spinning machine of an air-jet spinning machine equipped with the same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a spinneret for an air spinning machine, which serves to produce a yarn from a fiber structure, wherein the spinneret has a base body with an internal swirl chamber, wherein the spinneret has an inlet opening for the incoming during operation of the air spinning machine in a transport direction in the swirl chamber fiber structure wherein between the inlet opening and the swirl chamber, a fiber guide channel for guiding the entering into the inlet fiber bundle is present, wherein the spinneret has at least partially extending into the vortex chamber Garnbildungselement with an inlet mouth and a subsequent in the transport direction take-off channel for the yarn, and wherein the spinneret has air nozzles directed into the swirl chamber, which open into the swirl chamber in the region of a wall surrounding the swirl chamber. In addition, a spinning station of an air-spinning machine is proposed.

Air-jet spinning machines with correspondingly equipped spinnerets or spinning stations are known in the art (see, for example, US Pat DE 40 36 119 C2 ) and serve to produce a yarn from an elongated fiber structure. In this case, the outer fibers of the fiber composite are wound around the inner core fibers in the area of the aforementioned inlet mouth of the yarn formation element by means of a vortex air flow generated by the air nozzles within the vortex chamber and finally form the binder fibers which determine the desired strength of the yarn. This creates a yarn with a true rotation, which finally dissipated via the discharge channel from the vortex chamber and z. B. can be wound on a spool.

For the purposes of the invention, the term yarn generally means a fiber structure in which at least some of the fibers are wound around an inner core. Thus, a yarn is included in the traditional sense, which can be processed into a fabric, for example with the aid of a weaving machine. However, the invention also relates to air spinning machines, with the help of so-called roving (other name: Lunte) can be produced. This type of yarn is characterized by the fact that, despite a certain strength, which is sufficient to transport the yarn to a subsequent textile machine, it is still delayable. The roving can thus with the help of a defaulting device, z. As the drafting system, a roving processing textile machine, such as a ring spinning machine, are warped before it is finally spun.

Regardless of the strength of the yarn, however, it is always desirable that the rotation produced in the region of the yarn formation element does not propagate outwardly beyond the inlet opening in the direction of transport of the yarn or fiber composite. In other words, it should therefore be ensured that the fibers of the fiber composite retain their original orientation prior to contact with the vortex air flow and only receive the corresponding rotation within the vortex chamber. If the rotation were to propagate counter to the transport direction, the associated reverse rotation of the fiber composite would inevitably lead to a reduction in the desired binder fibers or to a reduced resilience of the fiber composite in the region of a distortion device arranged upstream of the vortex chamber.

While in the above-mentioned document a pin pointing in the direction of the yarn forming element is proposed to prevent said propagation, it is also known to realize the entrance opening of the vortex chamber through an opening of a so-called fiber guiding element, the opening being offset laterally the inlet mouth of Garnbildungselements is placed. This creates a paragraph, the fiber structure must pass before the actual yarn production, which is prevented by the friction between the fiber strand and fiber guide element that the rotation of the fiber composite can propagate against the transport direction.

Since the guide channel is always formed in the known solutions by the firmly connected to the main body of the spinneret fiber guide element, the spinneret can usually only for a certain Faserverband type or fibers with certain Length are used, since the distance between the fiber guide element and one of the spinneret upstream delivery roller pair must be tuned to a certain fiber length usually.

Although the describes EP 2 453 045 A2 a spinneret with a fiber guide element that can be replaced if necessary. However, the document contains no further information on the manner of attachment of the fiber guide element and corresponding ways in which the fiber guide element can be replaced.

Another solution, in which the spinneret is provided with a separate fiber guide element, shows the EP 1 223 236 A2 , However, the fiber guiding element is not formed as an attachment, but rather as an insert largely surrounded by the spinneret wall. Finally, the insert is designed specifically for guiding an endless thread introduced into the spinneret in addition to a fiber material, wherein replacement of the insert is not intended.

Comparable to the above-mentioned document is also in the EP 1 335 050 A2 a trained as an insert fiber guide element described in the spinneret input.

Finally, the shows JP 2009 091684 A a likewise designed as an insert fiber guide element, which is characterized in that a the output rollers of the spinneret upstream drafting facing outer surface concavely curved and thus the contour of one of said output rollers is adjusted.

The object of the present invention is to propose a spinneret or a spinning station equipped therewith for an air-spinning machine which overcomes this disadvantage.

The object is achieved by a spinneret and a spinning station with the features of the independent claims.

With regard to the spinneret is proposed according to the invention that the spinneret in the region of the inlet opening has a detachably attached to the base attachment, wherein the adjoining the inlet fiber guide channel is at least partially formed by a channel portion of the essay. In other words, it is therefore provided that the fiber guide channel is at least not formed exclusively by a rigidly connected to the main body fiber guide element. Rather, an essay is available, which can be easily replaced depending on the type or length of the fibers to be processed. Depending on the geometry and in particular length of the attachment finally results in a fiber guide channel with correspondingly adapted to the fiber structure length or shape. As a result, a wide variety of fiber types or fibers can be processed with different staple length with one and the same spinneret without the need for elaborate adjustments of the spinneret must be made. If, for example, a particularly long fiber guide channel is required, then an attachment with a correspondingly long guide channel (section) is used. If the distance between the spinneret and the upstream delivery rollers is increased, the distance between the spinneret (or its attachment) and the delivery rollers, which is decisive for the correct guidance of the fiber assembly, can be kept approximately constant or adjusted to a desired value by the correct choice of the attachment , The article preferably has a base body with an opening formed as a fiber guide channel (section), for example in the form of a bore extending from one of the base body The spinneret side facing away from the spinneret may extend in the direction of a spinneret facing side.

It is particularly advantageous if the attachment is connected to the main body of the spinneret by means of one or more magnets. As a result, a fast to be created or to be solved and yet secure connection between the main body of the spinneret and the essay created. The magnets can in this case be attached either to the main body or to the attachment, whereby magnets can also be provided on both components.

It is further provided according to the invention that the base body also has a channel section which, viewed in the transport direction, adjoins the channel section of the attachment and together with it forms the fiber guide channel. As a result, the channel section of the main body forms in this case an end portion of the fiber guide channel (seen in the transport direction of the fiber composite), which may be formed either as an opening of the body or by a separate, preferably rigidly connected to the body, fiber guide element may be formed.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the attachment rests at least partially positively against the base body. The attachment may, for example, have a surface facing the base body, which is curved concavely with respect to the base body (in which case the base body should have a correspondingly convexly shaped counter surface on which the attachment comes to rest). It is also conceivable that the attachment has a contact surface for the positive engagement with the base body, which is channel-shaped and, for example, has three planar surface portions, which merge into each other at an obtuse angle. In this case, it would again be advantageous if the base body has a wedge-shaped surface section (possibly with a flattened tip), which preferably rests flat against the abutment surface of the attachment. In any case, should be ensured by the choice of touching surfaces of the body and the essay that a relative movement between the attachment and body in as many directions in space is prevented. Additionally or alternatively, it may also be advantageous if there is a frictional connection between the attachment and the base body, which counteracts a movement of the attachment relative to the base body at least in the direction of a spatial axis. Also, this accidental slippage of the essay can be prevented relative to the base body, so that, for example, attached by means of magnets essay always remains at its intended location.

It also has advantages when the attachment comprises a base member and an insert connected to a base member. In this way, it is possible to produce the insert which forms or surrounds the guide channel or at least a part of the same, from a particularly wear-resistant material. The insert can be detachably connected to the base element or can also be fixedly connected (eg by gluing). In addition, the insert is preferably located in a corresponding receiving recess, for example a bore, of the base element, with any magnets present being advantageously connected to the base element.

It also brings advantages when the insert is in contact with a fiber guiding element of the main body of the spinneret, wherein the insert and the fiber guiding element together at least partially delimit the fiber guiding channel. In this case, the fiber guide element forms a base portion of the fiber guide channel, which opens into the swirl chamber. Finally, the attachment advantageously adjoins the fiber guiding element counter to the direction of transport and, together with the latter, forms the fiber guiding channel whose length and geometry can finally be varied by the choice of the respective attachment depending on the fiber structure.

It is likewise advantageous if the attachment has at least one concave surface section extending perpendicularly to the transport direction. Finally, if this surface section adjoins a first (preferably driven) roller of the delivery roller pair (eg, a drafting device) upstream of the spinneret, a gap results between the attachment and the aforementioned roller. Finally, this gap can be chosen as small as possible in order to prevent unfavorable air currents in the air To avoid the area of the inlet opening of the spinneret. In particular, it is advantageous in this case if the surface section is concentric with the lateral surface of the first roller.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the concave surface section is preferably formed following the contour of a cylinder jacket, since the spinneret is usually arranged directly upstream of the already mentioned pair of delivery rollers (in the transport direction). If a roller of the delivery roller pair is now placed as close as possible to the attachment, the result is an annular section-shaped gap, the advantages of which will be discussed in more detail in the following description.

In particular, it is extremely advantageous if the insert has a length L 1 extending in the transport direction, the amount of which lies between 1 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 50 mm, particularly preferably between 4 mm and 25 mm. If the length is in one of these ranges, the spinneret can be used by selecting a suitable attachment for processing a variety of fiber bundles (i.e., fibers of various staple lengths).

It is advantageous if the fiber guide channel has a length L2 extending in the transport direction (of the fiber composite), the amount of which lies between 6 mm and 110 mm, preferably between 7 mm and 60 mm, particularly preferably between 9 mm and 30 mm. As a result, a guidance of a large part of the industrially processable fiber composites possible possible, wherein the guide channel can be formed either exclusively by the essay or together by the essay and the adjacent fiber guide element.

Finally, the spinning unit of an air-spinning machine according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a spinneret according to the previous description and a pair of delivery rollers arranged upstream of the spinneret in the transport direction. The pair of delivery rollers may, for example, be part of a drafting arrangement upstream of the spinneret which, during operation of the spinning station, effects the uniformization of the supplied fiber-composite by stretching it. In addition, the spinning station can Having a deduction means downstream of the spinneret in the transport direction for the yarn produced (eg., A pair of take-off rollers) and a winding device for winding the yarn.

It is advantageous if the attachment has at least one concave surface section extending perpendicularly to the transport direction, wherein the concave surface section extends adjacent to a lateral surface of a first roller of the delivery roller pair. In this case, said surface section can nestle as close as possible to the first roller, so that the gap between the first roller and the attachment can be minimized. Such a small gap will cause the drag air flow generated by the first roll (which is preferably a driven roll, which may, for example, have a roughed surface) (ie, the air flow generated by the rotation of the roll in the surface region the same arises) as low as possible. In this way, it is finally ensured that the first roller does not produce any desired air flow in the region of the inlet opening of the spinneret opposite air flow. Rather, in the region of the inlet opening, an air flow directed into the fiber guide channel is desired in order to suck the fiber structure and in particular short or projecting fibers into the vortex chamber (the necessary negative pressure in the region of the inlet opening being due to the Venturi effect by the air nozzles of the spinneret generated air flow is generated).

Further, it is advantageous if the concave surface portion and the lateral surface of the first roller are concentric. This results in a particularly large gap between the first roller and said surface portion, so that a drag flow of the first roller through the essay can be "peeled off" as it were.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the concave surface section has a width B1 in a direction perpendicular to the transport direction, that the lateral surface of the first roller adjacent to the concave surface section has a width B2, and that the ratio between B1 and B2 has a value, the amount of which is between 0.2 and 5, preferably between 0.5 and 2, more preferably between 0.8 and 1.25. In other words, it is advantageous if the ratio is close to 1. In this case, B1 is approximately equal to B2, so that the entire roll is covered by the attachment over a certain peripheral area.

Likewise, there are advantages when the attachment has a second surface portion adjacent the concave surface portion, the second surface portion being adjacent to a surface area of a second roller of the pair of delivery rolls. The attachment preferably has in a side view (i.e., facing the faces of the rollers) a tapered contour facing the delivery roller pair (which tip area may also be flattened) and thus has a roof-shaped surface.

Moreover, it may be advantageous if the second surface portion is at least largely planar. In this case, a gap is created between the second roller and the attachment which deviates from the annular segment-shaped gap between the first roller and the attachment (seen in cross-section). As a result, this prevents the formation of an air flow which is directed outward from the inlet opening of the spinneret in the direction of rotation of the second roller. Such an air flow would compete with the airflow directed into the vortex chamber and adversely affect the desired flow conditions in this area.

It is particularly advantageous if the normal of the plane-shaped region of the second surface section encloses an angle α with a longitudinal axis of the fiber guide channel extending in the transport direction, the magnitude of which is between 0 ° and 60 °, preferably between 25 ° and 55 °, particularly preferably between 30 ° ° and 50 °, lies. In other words, it is advantageous if the normal of the second surface section is directed approximately in the direction of the axis of rotation of the second roller. This finally results in a side view of the spinneret (with a view of the end faces of the first and second rollers) a substantially triangular space, which may extend over the width of the two rollers. Due to the negative pressure in the area of the inlet opening (due to the negative pressure within the vortex chamber as well as the described drag air flow of the first roller is maintained) finally creates an air flow which is directed from both sides (ie, from the end faces of the two rollers) in the direction of the inlet opening. This finally causes a compression of the fiber dressing before it enters the vortex chamber, so that fiber ends projecting out of the fiber structure are pressed tightly against the fiber core.

Also, it is extremely advantageous if there is a distance between the first roller and the concave surface portion and the second roller and the second surface portion, wherein the distance A1 between the first roller and the concave surface portion is smaller than the distance A2 between the second Roller and the second surface section. In this case, no or only a very small negative pressure in the region of the inlet opening of the spinneret is produced by the drag air flow possibly generated by the second roller (which, however, generally has a smooth surface). In contrast, the generation of a negative pressure by the first roller is usually desirable in order to force the parallel to the axes of rotation of the rollers of the delivery roller pair and finally opening into the inlet opening of the spinneret air flow, as this is said compacting of the fiber composite is effected.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the distance A1 has an amount which is between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 0.1 mm and 3 mm, particularly preferably between 0.2 mm and 2 mm. This results in the described narrow gap between attachment and first roller, which can extend in a side view of the spinneret (view of the end faces of the rollers), for example over a length which preferably corresponds to 1/10 to 1/4 of the circumference of the first roller.

It may also be advantageous if the distance A2 has an amount which is between 0.5 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 8 mm, particularly preferably between 2 mm and 6 mm. If the distance is within the ranges mentioned, then a negative effect on the prevailing in the region of the inlet opening Air flow by the rotation of the second roller almost impossible or at least minimized.

It is also advantageous if the concave surface portion and the second surface portion communicate with each other through an interface. The intermediate surface in this case has a width B3 extending perpendicular to the transport direction, wherein the ratio between B2 and B3 preferably has a value whose amount is between 0.2 and 5, preferably between 0.5 and 2, particularly preferably between 0.8 and 1 , 25, is located. Additionally or alternatively, it may finally be advantageous if the intermediate surface has a perpendicular to the transport direction and perpendicular to the width B3 extending height H, the amount between 0 mm and 12 mm, preferably between 0 mm and 8 mm, particularly preferably between 0 mm and 6 mm (where a height of 0 mm means that the attachment is tapered and the concave surface portion passes directly into the second surface portion). Finally, the above values ensure that the two rolls of the delivery roller pair form a channel with the attachment, which preferably extends over the entire width of the attachment or the rollers and which has a substantially triangular shape in a side view.

Figur 1

eine Seitenansicht einer bekannten Spinnstelle,

Figur 2

einen teilweise geschnittenen Ausschnitt einer bekannten Spinnstelle,

Figur 3

eine Draufsicht der in Figur 2 gezeigten Spinndüse,

Figur 4

einen teilweise geschnittenen Ausschnitt einer erfindungsgemässen Spinnstelle,

Figur 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Teils einer erfindungsgemässen Spinndüse,

Figur 6

einen teilweise geschnittenen Ausschnitt einer weiteren erfindungsgemässen Spinnstelle,

Figur 7

die Ansicht gemäss 5 mit zugeordneter ersten Walze,

Figur 8

die Ansicht gemäss 5 mit zugeordneter zweiter Walze,

Figur 9

die Ansicht gemäss Figur 4 mit veränderter Lage der ersten und zweiten Walze,

Figur 10

die Ansicht gemäss Figur 4 ohne Lieferwalzenpaar, und

Figur 11

einen Ausschnitt einer erfindungsgemässen Spinndüse in einer Seitenansicht..

Further advantages of the invention are described in the following exemplary embodiments. Show it:

FIG. 1

a side view of a known spinning station,

FIG. 2

a partially cutaway section of a known spinning station,

FIG. 3

a top view of the FIG. 2 shown spinneret,

FIG. 4

a partially sectioned section of a spinning station according to the invention,

FIG. 5

a perspective view of part of a spinneret according to the invention,

FIG. 6

a partially cutaway section of another spinning station according to the invention,

FIG. 7

the view according to FIG. 5 with associated first roller,

FIG. 8

5 with associated second roller,

FIG. 9

the view according to FIG. 4 with changed position of the first and second roller,

FIG. 10

the view according to FIG. 4 without delivery roller pair, and

FIG. 11

a section of an inventive spinneret in a side view ..

First, it should be noted that the sections of various spinning stations and the in FIG. 1 Pre- and subordinate elements are not drawn to scale. Rather, the individual figures show only schematic representations that are intended to illustrate the basic structure of the respective modules. In particular, the distances and angles, which are in each case partially identified in the figures, have values which do not necessarily reflect the most advantageous ranges.

It should also be noted at this point that the features described below can basically be implemented in various types of air-jet spinning machines. Thus, for example, air-jet spinning machines are known, which serve to produce a "finished" yarn 2, which can be woven, entangled or otherwise further processed directly in a further step. Likewise, the inventive air-spinning machine of the production of a so-called roving (other name: Lunte) serve, which must be provided before the final processing, for example by means of a ring spinning machine, with an additional twist. The term "yarn" is therefore to be understood in the context of the claims or the description depending on the spinning machine used for a finished yarn or a so-called roving.

FIG. 1 now shows a schematic view of a section of a trained as roving air spinning machine. If necessary, the roving frame can comprise a drafting device 27, which is supplied with a fiber structure 3, for example in the form of a relined strip conveyor. Furthermore, the roving shown in principle comprises a spaced apart from the drafting 27 spinneret 1 with an internal swirl chamber 5, in which the fiber strand 3 or at least a portion of the fibers of the fiber composite 3 is provided with a protective rotation (the exact operation of the spinneret 1 is hereinafter described in more detail).

Likewise, the roving machine may include a take-off roller pair 28 and a winding device 29 connected downstream of the take-off roller pair 28 (also shown schematically) for the yarn 2 produced. The inventive device does not necessarily have a drafting device 27, as shown in FIG. Also, the take-off roller pair 28 is not essential.

The roving machine now works according to a special air spinning process. To form the yarn 2, the fiber structure 3 is guided in a transport direction T via an inlet opening 6 of a (preferably designed as a separate component) fiber guide element 18 in the swirl chamber 5 of the spinneret 1. There it receives a protective rotation, ie at least a portion of the fibers of the fiber composite 3 is characterized by an air flow through appropriately placed air nozzle 11 (see, for example FIG. 2 ) is detected. A part of the fibers is in this case pulled out of the fiber structure 3 at least a little bit and wound around the tip of a protruding into the swirl chamber 5 Garnbildungselements 8.

With regard to the air nozzles 11, it should be mentioned as a precautionary measure at this point that these should usually be aligned so that a rectified air flow is generated with a uniform sense of rotation. Preferably, the individual air nozzles 11 are in this case arranged rotationally symmetrical to one another. Furthermore, it should be noted with regard to all embodiments shown that the air nozzles 11 each have a flow direction, which is aligned in the direction of a wall 12 surrounding the swirl chamber 5, so that the air flow generated at least largely helically between the outer surface of Garnbildelements 8 and the Wall 12 of the vortex chamber 5 extends.

Finally, the fibers of the fiber composite 3 are drawn off from the swirl chamber 5 via an inlet mouth 9 of the yarn formation element 8 and a discharge channel 10 arranged inside the yarn formation element 8 and adjoining the inlet mouth 9. Finally, the free fiber ends 30 (see FIG. 2 ) are drawn on a spiral path in the direction of the inlet mouth 9 and loop as Umwindefasern to the centrally extending core fibers - resulting in a desired protective rotation having yarn 2 (which is usually referred to as roving or sliver).

The yarn 2 has by the only partial rotation of the fibers a residual delay, which is essential for the further processing of the yarn 2 in a subsequent spinning machine, such as a ring spinning machine. By contrast, conventional air-spinning devices impart such a strong rotation to the fiber structure 3 that the necessary distortion following the yarn production is no longer possible. This is also desirable in this case, since conventional air spinning machines are designed to produce a finished yarn 2, which should usually be characterized by a high strength. The invention relates to both air roving and air spinning in the conventional sense.

Further details of in FIG. 1 shown spinneret 1 is from the Figures 2 and 3 apparent (where it is at FIG. 3 around a top view of in FIG. 2 shown spinneret 1 is). Thus, this generally has a vortex chamber 5 surrounding the base body 4, wherein the vortex chamber 5 a fiber guide channel 7 of the Fiber guide element 18 connects. The fiber guide channel 7 serves to guide the fiber composite 3 during its suction into the swirl chamber 5 (whereby the necessary negative pressure is created by the air flow generated by the air nozzles 11). In addition, the position of the fiber guide channel 7, which is not aligned with the discharge channel 10, prevents the protective rotation from propagating from the inlet mouth 9 of the yarn formation element 8 in the direction of the upstream pair of delivery rolls 20, since this has a negative effect on the desired protection rotation distribution (or twist distribution in the case of a conventional air spinning machine) in the region of the inlet opening 6 would result.

During the known in the prior art fiber guide channel 7 exclusively by the in FIG. 2 shown fiber guide element 18 is formed, the inventive fiber guide channel 7 now characterized by the fact that it is at least partially formed by a separate attachment 13 which is detachably connected to the main body 4 of the spinneret 1. The connection between attachment 13 and main body 4 is realized in that the base body 4 or (as in FIG. 6 shown) of the attachment 13 is provided with one or more magnets 15 to ensure the necessary adhesive force between attachment 13 and body 4.

As a result, therefore, a solution is proposed in which the length (and, if necessary, the geometry) of the at least partially formed by the attachment 13 fiber guide channel 7 can be changed easily and quickly by the appropriate choice of the article 13. In this way, finally, an elegant adaptation of the spinneret 1 to the length or type of fibers of the fiber dressing 3 to be processed is possible without the entire spinneret 1 having to be exchanged.

The advantage of the inventive solution is clearly illustrated by a comparison of FIGS. 4 and 6 , While the position of the first roller 22 and the second roller 24 of the delivery roller pair 20 in both figures deviate from one another in both the X and Y directions, it can be ensured by suitably selecting the attachment 13 the distance between said rollers and the inlet opening 6 of the spinneret 1 minimally fails. As a result, it is ensured in both cases that the fiber structure 3 can be guided as well as possible during the transition from the delivery roller pair 20 to the spinneret 1 in order to avoid tearing of the fiber structure 3 or a false delay.

In a further embodiment, it is advantageous if the fiber guide channel 7 is formed by two, preferably co-linear, channel sections 14, wherein a first channel section 14 within the main body 4 and the fiber guide element 18 connected thereto and a second channel section 14 within the attachment 13 extends ,

Likewise, it may be advantageous if the attachment 13 consists of at least two interconnected individual parts, namely a base element 16 and an insert 17 forming said channel section 14. As a result, it is possible, for example, to manufacture both individual parts from different materials, it being advisable to manufacture the insert 17 from a particularly wear-resistant material, since this is in contact with the moving fiber structure 3.

Further advantageous features of the article 13 are in particular from the FIGS. 7 and 8th can be seen, in both figures, the same combination of spinneret 1 and article 13 can be seen (both versions differ only by a possibly be provided and in FIG. 8 shown positive connection in the region of the connecting surface between the attachment and the base element, which can ensure the correct position of the attachment with respect to the base body, wherein the positive connection z. B. could be realized by a tongue and groove connection 32). For the sake of a good overview was only in FIG. 7 the first roller 22 and in FIG. 8 omitted the second roller 24, wherein the corresponding spinning station 26 should of course have both rollers 22, 24.

In any case, it has been proven that the attachment 13 has a concave surface section 19 assigned to the first roller 22 and a (preferably planar) second surface portion 23 which is associated with the second roller 24. As can also be seen from the cited figures, both surface sections can also be connected by an intermediate surface 25 whose surface can run, for example, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the discharge channel 10 (as in FIG FIG. 6 However, such an intermediate surface 25 is not necessarily necessary, so that said surface portions 19, 23 can also merge directly into one another).

The aforementioned configuration of the two surface sections 19, 23 now has the following advantage: During yarn production, as already mentioned, an air flow which extends from outside the swirl chamber 5 via the fiber guide channel 7 into the interior of the swirl chamber 5, wherein this air flow is desired to move the fiber structure 3 in the direction of the swirl chamber 5.

In addition, due to the rotational movement of the first roller 22 (the surface of which is preferably rough, eg, ribbed, formed), an air flow which extends from the inlet opening 6 of the fiber guide channel 7 in the direction of rotation of the first roller 22. This drag air flow thus also generates a negative pressure in the region of the inlet opening 6. The negative pressure finally causes an air flow, which, for example, on FIG. 4 and with respect to the plane of the drawing from above and below the delivery roller pair 20 extends into the gap, which is bounded by the first roller 22, the second roller 24 and the attachment 13. This air flow finally causes an advantageous compression of the fiber composite 3 in each case from the outside in the direction of the inlet opening 6 and directed perpendicular to the transport direction of the fiber strand 3 direction.

On the other hand, the surface of the second roller 22 should preferably be designed to be relatively smooth, so that in this area a corresponding entraining air flow can be minimized (such an air flow would have a negative effect on the remaining air flows that are forming).

Furthermore, in the Figures 5 . 9 and 10 advantageous dimensions, wherein with respect to the reference numerals in the Figures 9 and 10 on the FIG. 3 is referenced, which shows the identical section of the inventive spinning station 26 as the Figures 9 and 10 (wherein the first roller 22 and the second roller 24 in FIG. 9 it was only because of this that something was removed from the attachment 13 in order to better identify the two distances A1 and A1).

α

Winkel zwischen der Normalen 31 des plan ausgebildeten Bereichs des zweiten Oberflächenabschnitts 23 und der sich in Transportrichtung erstreckenden Längsachse des Faserführungskanals 7

A1

Abstand zwischen der ersten Walze 22 und dem konkaven Oberflächenabschnitt 19 des Aufsatzes 13

A2

Abstand zwischen der zweiten Walze 24 und dem zweiten Oberflächenabschnitt 23 des Aufsatzes 13

L1

Länge des Einsatzes 17

L2

Länge des Führungskanals

B1

senkrecht zur Transportrichtung verlaufende Breite des konkaven Oberflächenabschnitts 19 des Aufsatzes 13

B2

Breite der Mantelfläche 21 der ersten Walze 22

B3

senkrecht zur Transportrichtung verlaufende Breite des Zwischenabschnitts des Aufsatzes 13.

With regard to the values of the marked distances and the angle α proven to be advantageous, reference is made to the previous description and the corresponding claims, wherein the respective reference symbols are based on the following definitions:

α

Angle between the normal 31 of the plane-shaped region of the second surface portion 23 and the longitudinal axis of the fiber guide channel 7 extending in the transport direction

A1

Distance between the first roller 22 and the concave surface portion 19 of the attachment 13th

A2

Distance between the second roller 24 and the second surface portion 23 of the attachment 13th

L1

Length of insert 17

L2

Length of the guide channel

B1

perpendicular to the transport direction extending width of the concave surface portion 19 of the attachment 13th

B2

Width of the lateral surface 21 of the first roller 22nd

B3

perpendicular to the transport direction extending width of the intermediate portion of the attachment 13th

Finally shows FIG. 11 a section of an inventive spinneret 1 in a side view, from which a further advantageous embodiment of the present invention will become apparent. Thus, it would be conceivable to design the main body 4 of the spinneret 1 and the attachment 13 in such a way that they abut each other in a form-fitting manner. The mutually contacting surfaces of the base body 4 and attachment 13 can thereby be flat or even configured (the surface of said surfaces were in this case perpendicular to the sheet plane, ie parallel to the axis of rotation of the first roller 22). In particular, in this case, it would be additionally advantageous to make the mutually contacting surfaces such that a mutual displacement of the base body 4 and attachment 13 in a direction perpendicular to the sheet plane direction can be prevented. For example, this could be done by a surface design of said elements, which ensures the necessary frictional engagement or a corresponding positive connection between the base body 4 and attachment 13. Likewise, the already mentioned magnets 15 ensure a certain positional stability of the attachment 13 relative to the base body 4.

It is also grateful to design the surface of the base body 4 resting on the attachment 13 in the shape of a cone or truncated cone, wherein the surface of the attachment 13 resting against this surface would likewise be formed following the surface of a cone or truncated cone.

Finally, it should be noted that in connection with FIG. 11 described features can also be combined with one or more of the features described above (eg the feature of the concave surface portion 19).

The present invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments. Variations within the scope of the claims are just as possible as a combination of features, even if they are shown and described in different embodiments.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

spinneret

2

yarn

3

fiber structure

4

body

5

swirl chamber

6

inlet opening

7

Fiber guide channel

8th

Garnbildungselement

9

inlet mouth

10

culvert

11

air nozzle

12

wall

13

essay

14

channel section

15

magnet

16

basic element

17

commitment

18

Fiber guide element

19

concave surface section

20

Pair of delivery rollers

21

lateral surface

22

first roller

23

second surface section

24

second roller

25

interface

26

spinning unit

27

drafting system

28

Off rollers

29

wind-up

30

fiber end

31

Normal of the plan formed area of the second surface section

32

Tongue and groove

α

Angle between the normal of the plane formed region of the second surface portion and the longitudinal axis of the fiber guide channel extending in the transport direction

A1

Distance between the first roller and the concave surface portion of the attachment

A2

Distance between the second roller and the second surface portion of the attachment

L1

Length of the insert

L2

Length of the guide channel

B1

perpendicular to the transport direction extending width of the concave surface portion

B2

Width of the lateral surface of the first roller

B3

perpendicular to the transport direction extending width of the intermediate section

T

transport direction

Claims (15)

1. A spinning nozzle for an air-spinning machine, serving to produce a yarn (2) from a fiber composite (3),

   • wherein the spinning nozzle (1) has a base body (4) with an interior eddy chamber (5),

   • wherein the spinning nozzle (1) has an inlet opening (6) for the fiber composite (3) entering the eddy chamber (5) during operation of the air-spinning machine in a direction of transport,

   • wherein a fiber guide channel (7) for guiding the fiber composite (3) entering the inlet opening is present between the inlet opening and the eddy chamber (5),

   • wherein the spinning nozzle (1) has a yarn-forming element (8), which extends at least partially into the eddy chamber (5) and has an inlet opening (9) as well as a draw-off channel (10) for the yarn (2) following that in the direction of transport,

   • wherein the spinning nozzle (1) has air nozzles (11) directed into the eddy chamber (5), opening into the eddy chamber (5) in the area of a wall (12) surrounding the eddy chamber (5),

   • wherein the spinning nozzle (1) has an attachment (13) releasably attached to the base body (4) in the area of the inlet opening (6), and

   • wherein the fiber guide channel (7) following the inlet opening (6) is formed by a channel section (14) of the attachment (13),

   characterized in that the base body (4) also has a channel section (14), which is connected to the channel section (14) of the attachment (13), as seen in the direction of transport and together with it forms the fiber guide channel (7).
2. The spinning nozzle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the attachment is attached releasably to the base body (4) with the help of at least one magnet.
3. The spinning nozzle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the attachment (13) is in form-fitting contact with the base body (4) in at least some sections and/or a fiction-locking connection exists between the attachment (13) and the base body (4), counteracting any movement of the attachment (13) relative to the base body (4) at least in the direction of one axis in space.
4. The spinning nozzle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the attachment (13) comprises a base element (16) as well as an insert (17) connected to the base element (16), and the insert (17) is preferably in contact with a fiber guide element (18) of the base body (4) of the spinning nozzle (1), wherein the insert (17) and the fiber guide element (18) together border the fiber guide channel (7) at least partially.
5. The spinning nozzle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the attachment (13) has at least one concave surface section (19) extending perpendicular to the direction of transport, preferably being designed to follow the contour of a cylindrical jacket.
6. The spinning nozzle according to claim 4 or according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the insert (17) has a length L1 extending in the direction of transport, the amount of which is between 1 mm and 100 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 50 mm, especially preferably between 4 mm and 25 mm.
7. The spinning nozzle according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the fiber guide channel (7) has a length L2 extending in the direction of transport, the amount of which is between 6 mm and 110 mm, preferably between 7 mm and 60 mm, especially preferably between 9 mm and 30 mm.
8. The spinning station on an air-spinning machine, wherein the spinning station comprises at least one spinning nozzle (1) according to any one or more of the preceding claims, as well as a pair of delivery rollers (20) upstream from the spinning nozzle (1) in the direction of transport.
9. The spinning station according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the attachment (13) has at least one concave surface section (19) according to claim 5 extending perpendicular to the direction of transport, wherein the concave surface section (19) runs adjacent to a lateral surface (21) of a first roller (22) of the pair of delivery rollers (20) and wherein the concave surface section (19) of the attachment (13) and the lateral surface (21) of the first roller (22) preferably run concentrically.
10. The spinning station according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the concave surface section (19) has a width B1 in a direction running perpendicular to the direction of transport; the lateral surface (21) of the first roller (22) adjacent to the concave surface section (19) has a width B2; and the ratio between B1 and B2 has a value the amount of which is between 0.2 and 5, preferably between 0.5 and 2, especially preferably between 0.8 and 1.25.
11. The spinning station according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the attachment (13) has a second surface section (23) adjacent to the concave surface section (19), wherein the second surface section (23) runs adjacent to a lateral surface (21) of a second roller (24) of the pair of delivery rollers (20) and wherein the second surface section (23) is preferably designed to be at least mostly flat.
12. The spinning station according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the normal (31) of the area of the second surface section (23) that is designed to be flat forms an angle α with a longitudinal axis of the fiber guide channel (7) extending in the direction of transport, the amount of this angle being between 0° and 60°, preferably between 25° and 55°, especially preferably between 30° and 50°.
13. The spinning station according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that there is a distance between the first roller (22) and the concave surface section (19) and between the second roller (24) and the second surface section (23), wherein the distance A1 between the first roller (22) and the concave surface section (19) is smaller than the distance A2 between the second roller (24) and the second surface section (23).
14. The spinning station according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the distance A1 is an amount between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 0.1 mm and 3 mm, especially preferably between 0.2 mm and 2 mm and/or the distance A2 is an amount between 0.5 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 8 mm, especially preferably between 2 mm and 6 mm.
15. The spinning station according to claim 10 and any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the concave surface section (19) on the second surface section (23) are connected to one another by an intermediate surface (25), such that the intermediate surface (25) has a width B3 running perpendicular to the direction of transport, wherein the ratio between B2 and B3 preferably has a value, the amount of which is between 0.2 and 5, preferably between 0.5 and 2, especially preferably between 0.8 and 1.25 and/or the intermediate surface (25) is a height H running perpendicular to the direction of transport and perpendicular to the width B3, the amount of which is between 0 mm and 12 mm, preferably between 0 mm and 8 mm, especially between 0 mm and 6 mm.

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