EP2798192A1 - Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinen - Google Patents
Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2798192A1 EP2798192A1 EP12809283.0A EP12809283A EP2798192A1 EP 2798192 A1 EP2798192 A1 EP 2798192A1 EP 12809283 A EP12809283 A EP 12809283A EP 2798192 A1 EP2798192 A1 EP 2798192A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- pressure
- control
- valve
- fuel injection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
- F02M63/0071—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059 characterised by guiding or centering means in valves including the absence of any guiding means, e.g. "flying arrangements"
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
- F02M63/0073—Pressure balanced valves
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines, as it is preferably used for the injection of fuel directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
- Various fuel injection valves for internal combustion engines are known from the prior art, which are preferably used for fuel injection in combustion chambers of self-igniting internal combustion engines. And so from the published patent application in DE 100 24 702 AI a fuel ei n- injection valve is known which comprises a nozzle needle which is arranged longitudinally movable in a nozzle body. The valve needle opens and closes several injection ports and connects them with or seals against a pressure chamber surrounding the nozzle needle. To control the longitudinal movement of the nozzle needle, the fuel pressure in a control chamber is regulated, which is limited by the nozzle needle, wherein the pressure in the control chamber exerts a closing force on the nozzle needle.
- the control chamber can be connected via a control valve to a leakage oil chamber, so that it can be connected to the leakage oil chamber via the control valve.
- the control valve can be designed differently: In the injection valve known here, the control valve member which is movably arranged in the control valve, designed as a ball which cooperates with a conical valve seat.
- the injector When designing the control valve, make sure that the injector works within a wide pressure range. Especially when used in high-speed, self-igniting internal combustion engines used in passenger cars. It is important for the injector to operate reliably at a low pressure of, for example, only 300 bar, up to the maximum injection pressure of more than 2000 bar.
- the control valve member In the known control valves of fuel injection valves, the control valve member is constantly pressurized by the fuel pressure in the control chamber, so that an opening force acts on the control valve member which pushes it away from the conical valve seat.
- the control valve must keep safely closed at any injection pressure of, for example, 300 bar to over 2000 bar, with some injectors up to 2500 bar.
- this closing force is applied exclusively by a closing spring, which must be formed with a correspondingly high spring constant.
- the actuator such as an electromagnet, must overcome this force. If only a small force acts on the control valve member at a low injection pressure, the electromagnet must open against almost the entire force of the closing spring.
- the actuator Since the area under pressure on the control valve member can also change due to the wear associated with the running time, the actuator must be designed with redundancy, ie. H. he must be able to generate significantly higher forces than would actually be necessary to ensure the function over the entire term. This makes it necessary to provide a correspondingly strong electromagnet in the injection valve, which can muster the necessary forces.
- an injection valve for fuel from self-igniting internal combustion engines only at a certain injection pressure or only in a narrow pressure range, so the known fuel injection valves are not optimally designed for this, since they must be suitable for all injection pressures, and - as described above - the electromagnet or Piezo actuators of the control valves are designed accordingly.
- injection valves such as those used for stationary engines, or for so-called range extender in electrically powered vehicles, the known injectors are too expensive and thus too expensive.
- the object of the present invention is thus to provide a fuel injection valve which provides optimal function with little constructive effort for injection in a narrow pressure range.
- the fuel injection valve has a nozzle needle, which is at least indirectly acted upon by the pressure in a control chamber in a closing direction, wherein the control chamber can be filled with fuel under high pressure.
- the control chamber is connected to a control valve, via which a connection to a low pressure space is made possible, wherein the control valve comprises a movable control valve member.
- a valve chamber is arranged, wherein the valve chamber is hydraulically connected to the control chamber via a throttle connection and the valve chamber in turn via the control valve with the low-pressure chamber.
- a pressure pin is provided, which projects through the valve chamber into the control chamber, wherein the pressure pin is acted upon by the pressure in the control chamber with a hydraulic force and thereby exerts an opening force on the control valve member.
- the high injection pressure prevails in the control chamber, as is provided by a high-pressure pump or by a high-pressure accumulator.
- the high fuel pressure acts on the pressure pin, this force being proportional to the pressure applied in the control chamber.
- a pressure in the opening direction also acts on the sealing surface of the control valve member, as far as the sealing surface is acted upon by the pressure in the valve chamber is and is not compensated by the pressure on the control surface facing away from the pressure surface of the pressure bolt.
- the pressure on the pressure pin and the sealing surface causes a force on the control valve member in the opening direction and thus reduces the necessary opening force on the control valve member, which allows the use of a small electromagnet or piezoelectric actuator, since the
- Control valve member can be easily opened by acting on it hydraulic opening force.
- the pressure pin that even when the control valve is open, an opening force acts on the control valve member, since the pressure in the control chamber does not fall to zero. This makes it possible to use smaller actuators, which results in lower costs and requires less installation space.
- the control chamber is connected to a high-pressure line via an inlet throttle, wherein the high-pressure line can be filled with fuel under high pressure.
- the control chamber By connecting the control chamber with the high pressure line results in a pressure gradient from the high pressure line through the control chamber and the valve chamber to the low pressure chamber to the low pressure chamber when the control valve is open: The flowing out of the valve chamber fuel lowers the fuel pressure in the valve chamber, so that a Pressure gradient between the valve chamber and the control chamber results.
- fuel flows through the outlet throttle from the control chamber into the valve chamber, which also reduces the pressure in the control chamber.
- the throttle connection is designed so that more fuel flows through the throttle connection from the control chamber, as it flows simultaneously via the inlet throttle.
- the fuel injection valve or the associated control valve is only suitable for a certain pressure or for a very narrow pressure range, a low pressure reduction in the control chamber is already sufficient to achieve the pressure level necessary for opening the nozzle needle.
- the control valve thus manages with a low amount of diversion, as is the case with conventional injectors.
- the pressure pin is connected in an advantageous manner releasably or permanently connected to the control valve member so that it always moves synchronously with this.
- the pressure pin as a separate component is formed, which only abuts the control valve member. Due to the pressure in the control chamber, the connection of the pressure bolt with the control valve member is always ensured as long as the fuel injection valve is in operation.
- the throttle connection between the control chamber and the valve chamber can be done in an advantageous manner by recesses on the pressure pin or on the wall of the bore in which the pressure pin is guided.
- This connection bore is preferably formed in a valve piece which limits both the control chamber and the valve space to the outside.
- the throttle connection is formed by a hole in the pressure bolt itself, for which different embodiments come into question.
- control valve member whose sealing surface is designed so that it cooperates with a sealing surface in the closed state of the control valve and thereby seals the control valve.
- sealing surface is spherical and the valve seat has a cone shape.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a fuel injection valve according to the invention, wherein only the essential components are shown,
- FIG. 2 shows another embodiment, in which case only the control valve in
- FIG. 3 shows in the same representation as FIG. 2 a further exemplary embodiment
- Figures 4a and 4b show further embodiments, in each case as longitudinal sections through the control valve
- FIG. 4c shows an alternative embodiment of the throttle connection, here in a cross section through the control valve along the line C-C, as shown in Figure 4a.
- a fuel injection valve according to the invention is shown schematically in longitudinal section, wherein only the essential parts of the fuel injection valve are shown.
- the fuel injection valve 1 has a nozzle body 12, in which a pressure chamber 11 is formed with a nozzle needle 10 which is displaceably arranged therein.
- the combustion chamber facing the lower end of the nozzle needle 10 is formed as a valve sealing surface 13 and cooperates with a formed on the combustion chamber side end of the nozzle body 12 conical valve seat 14 together.
- the valve sealing surface 13 is formed as a double cone and thus forms a sealing edge between the two conical surfaces, with which the nozzle needle 10 rests on the valve seat 14.
- a plurality of injection openings 15 are formed in the nozzle body 12, through which the fuel can ultimately be introduced into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
- the supply of fuel under high pressure takes place via a high pressure line 8, which is shown schematically in the right part of FIG.
- the high-pressure line 8 is connected, for example, to a high-pressure accumulator, in which fuel is stored under high pressure and which is fed by a high-pressure pump.
- valve piece 2 which also forms part of the fuel injection valve 1.
- the valve piece 2 has a bore 16 which serves as a guide for the end of the nozzle needle 10 remote from the valve seat, so that a control chamber 22 is bounded by the end face of the nozzle needle 10 and the bore 16 facing away from the valve seat.
- the control chamber 22 is connected via an inlet throttle 24 with the high pressure line 8, so that via the inlet throttle 24 always fuel under high pressure from the high pressure line 8 can flow into the control chamber 22.
- a valve chamber 20 is further formed, which is connected to the control chamber 22 via a throttle connection 23, which is formed here as a bore in the valve piece 2.
- a control valve 3 is provided to connect the valve chamber 20 with a low-pressure chamber 25 in the fuel injection valve 1.
- the control valve 3 comprises a control valve member 4 with an integrally molded thereon armature 40, which cooperates with an electromagnet 7.
- the electromagnet 7 is surrounded by an iron core 9 to enhance the magnetic effect.
- the control valve member 4 has on its the valve piece 2 facing end face on a sealing surface 5, which is for example spherical and with which the control valve member 4 cooperates with a control valve seat 6 which is formed on the valve piece 2 and has a substantially conical shape.
- control valve member 4 is acted upon by the force of a closing spring 17 in the direction of the control valve seat 6, so that the control valve member 4 is always pressed against the control valve seat 6 with the electromagnet 7 switched off and thus closes the connection of the valve chamber 20 to the low-pressure space 25.
- Integral with the control valve member 4 is formed on this a pressure pin 30 which projects through the valve chamber 20 into a bore 32 which is formed in the valve piece 2 and extends between the valve chamber 20 and the control chamber 22, wherein the pressure pin 30 in this bore 32nd is guided.
- the gap formed between the bore 32 and the piston 30 acts as a parasitic outlet throttle, which is connected in parallel to the throttle connection 23.
- the front side of the pressure piston 30 projects into the control chamber 22 and is acted upon by the pressure in the control chamber 22, so that a hydraulic force acts on the pressure pin 30, which in turn transmits to the control valve member 4, so that this force in the opening direction on the control valve member 4th acts and thus the force of the closing spring 17 against.
- the effective diameter of the pressure pin 30, which is acted upon by the pressure in the control chamber 22 is designated in the drawing with D B.
- the sealing of the valve chamber 20 with respect to the leakage oil chamber 25 is effected by contact of the control valve member 4 on the control valve seat 6, as already shown above.
- the control valve 3 is closed, so that the hydraulic connection between the valve chamber 20 and the leakage oil chamber 25 is interrupted. Because of the inlet throttle 24, the same high pressure prevails in the control chamber 22 as in the high-pressure line 8. The same pressure prevails in the valve chamber 20 via the throttle connection 23. This results in the following hydraulic forces on the control valve member 4: On the one hand, a hydraulic opening force acts on the end face of the pressure pin 30, as already above.
- a hydraulic opening pressure acts on parts of the sealing surface 5 of the control valve member 4, as far as the diameter D s is greater than the diameter of the pressure pin D B.
- the spring constant and the prestressing of the closing spring 17 must therefore be selected such that the control valve member 4 remains closed until the desired opening pressure of the control valve and the hydraulic forces pass through the pressure in the control chamber 22 and the valve chamber 20 counteracts. Since the injection valve should only work at a certain pressure or a certain, smaller pressure range, the electromagnet is designed to be correspondingly small, so that it can exert only a relatively small force on the armature 40 and thus on the control valve member 4.
- the injection valve operates only from a certain threshold pressure, namely when the force difference between the hydraulic opening force on the pressure pin 30 and on the control valve member 4 on the one hand and the force of the closing spring 17 on the other hand is so small that the opening force through the electromagnet 7 can be applied.
- the pressure decrease in the control chamber 22 is only small, and depends essentially on the ratio of the flow resistance of the inlet throttle 24 and outlet throttle 23, while the pressure in the valve chamber 20 drops to the level of the low pressure chamber 25. Since the injection valve has to work only in a small pressure range, it can be designed so that even a slight decrease in pressure in the control chamber 22 leads to an opening of the nozzle needle 10, namely, when the hydraulic forces on the nozzle needle 10, the pressure through the fuel be generated in the pressure chamber 11, sufficient to open the nozzle needle 10 against the hydraulic force in the control chamber 22. As soon as the nozzle needle 10 has lifted off the valve seat 14, fuel flows from the pressure chamber 11 to the injection openings 15 and is injected through them into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
- the control valve 3 does not open below a certain threshold pressure, which may be, for example, 1000 bar. How high the opening pressure is, in addition to the force of the electromagnet 7 essentially depends on the diameters of the pressure piston 30 and the sealing seat of the control valve member 4. The small force that is required to open the control valve member 4 can be exploited insofar as the electromagnet 7 has to apply only a small force and is accordingly small and inexpensive to produce.
- the combination with the seat valve, which is formed between the sealing surface 5 and the control valve seat 6, but is also safe ensures that there is no leakage in the closed state, so no permanent leakage.
- the seat valve is wear-resistant.
- FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the control valve 3 according to the invention, only the control valve 3 itself with the essential components being shown schematically here.
- This embodiment differs from the embodiment of Figure 1 only in that the pressure pin 30 is formed here as a separate component which is received in a receiving bore 34 of the control valve member 4, wherein the pressure pin 30 is fixed in the receiving bore 34.
- the separate construction has the advantage that both components, so the control valve member 4 together with armature 40 and the pressure pin 30 can be made in a separate manufacturing process, which in each case requires fewer steps and thus less prone to error.
- the diameter of the pressure pin 30 D B and the diameter of the sealing seat D s equal.
- FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the control valve 3 according to the invention, again in the same representation as FIG. 2.
- the pressure pin 30 is also embodied here as a separate component, but it is not fixedly connected to the control valve member 4, but lies only at the Sealing surface 5 of the control valve member 4 at.
- the hydraulic force of the control chamber 22 and presses it against the control valve member 4. This also does not change when the control valve member 4 is pulled away by the electromagnet 7 from the control valve seat 6, as by the pressure In the control chamber 22 always an excess of force with respect to the control valve member 4 acts on the pressure pin 30 so that it remains in contact with the control valve member 4 in each phase of the movement.
- a return spring 37 may be provided in the control chamber 22, which see between the nozzle needle 10 and the pressure pin 30 is arranged and this even with pressure in the control chamber 22 with a small force against the control valve member 4 presses, the force of the return spring 37 is much smaller than the force of the closing spring 17.
- FIG. 4 a shows a further exemplary embodiment of the control valve 3 according to the invention.
- the throttle connection 23 is formed as a bore within the pressure bolt 30, wherein the throttle connection 33 is designed as a central longitudinal bore, which is designed in a transverse bore, which ultimately opens into the valve chamber 20. If the pressure pin 30 is additionally designed as a separate component, as shown in FIG. 4 a, the bores forming the throttle connection 23 can be inexpensively introduced in the normal production process.
- FIG. 4b shows a further exemplary embodiment of the control valve 3 according to the invention.
- the throttle connection 23 is designed here as an oblique bore within the pressure bolt 30, wherein if necessary, a plurality of oblique bores may be formed in the pressure pin 30, which together form the throttle connection 22.
- the pressure pin 30 may be designed as a separate component or in one piece with the control valve member 4th
- FIG. 4c shows an alternative embodiment of the throttle connection 23. This is dispensed with holes in the valve piece 2 or in the pressure pin 30. Instead, a plurality of evenly distributed over the circumference ports are formed on the pressure pin 30, which together form the throttle connection 23. Alternatively, it can also be provided that, instead of the bevels on the pressure pin 30, recesses are provided on the wall of the bore 32 in the valve piece 2, which then form the throttle connection 23. Such bevels on the pressure pin 30 can be produced inexpensively.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE201110090060 DE102011090060A1 (de) | 2011-12-28 | 2011-12-28 | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen |
| PCT/EP2012/076926 WO2013098307A1 (de) | 2011-12-28 | 2012-12-27 | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2798192A1 true EP2798192A1 (de) | 2014-11-05 |
| EP2798192B1 EP2798192B1 (de) | 2015-12-16 |
Family
ID=47471843
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12809283.0A Not-in-force EP2798192B1 (de) | 2011-12-28 | 2012-12-27 | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für brennkraftmaschinen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2798192B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN104081037B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102011090060A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2013098307A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013222650A1 (de) * | 2013-06-10 | 2014-12-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| DE102014220890B4 (de) * | 2014-10-15 | 2025-08-21 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Einspritzventil zum Einspritzen von Fluid in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19624001A1 (de) * | 1996-06-15 | 1997-12-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen |
| DE19919432C2 (de) * | 1999-04-29 | 2002-07-04 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Common Rail Injektor |
| DE10024702A1 (de) | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-22 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einspritzanordnung für ein Kraftstoff-Speichereinspritzsystem einer Verbrennungsmaschine |
| DE10065220A1 (de) * | 2000-12-27 | 2002-07-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kraftausgeglichenes Steuerventil am Steuerraum eines Kraftstoffinjektors |
| DE102006027485A1 (de) * | 2006-06-14 | 2007-12-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil mit Sicherheitssteuerventil |
-
2011
- 2011-12-28 DE DE201110090060 patent/DE102011090060A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-12-27 EP EP12809283.0A patent/EP2798192B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-12-27 CN CN201280065373.6A patent/CN104081037B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-12-27 WO PCT/EP2012/076926 patent/WO2013098307A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2013098307A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104081037B (zh) | 2017-03-29 |
| WO2013098307A1 (de) | 2013-07-04 |
| DE102011090060A1 (de) | 2013-07-04 |
| EP2798192B1 (de) | 2015-12-16 |
| CN104081037A (zh) | 2014-10-01 |
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